
Class ____L_IiL___ 



^ 

« 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS " 



ILLUSTRATED. 



SGco 



I I 



A CONCISE RESUME OE THE 

NATURAL FEATURES AND PAST HISTORY 



>6 2- 

OK 



WORCESTER, BRISTOL AND NORFOLK. 

AND ADJACENT COUNTIES, 
THEIR TOWNS, VILLAGES, AND CITIES, 

rOCETIIEK Wnil A LOXDFA'SRI) SUMMARY OF 

THEIR INDUSTRIAL ADVANTAGES e.^ DEVELOPMENT, 



AM) A 



COMPREHENSIVE SERIES OF SKETCHES 

DESCRU'TINE OK 

REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES, 

TO WHICH IS PREFIXED 

A SHORT CHAPTER ON THE COMMONWEALTH AT LARGE 



WORCESTER, MASS.: 

THE EI.STXER I' U H I. I S H I N G COMPANY, 

'/'. :"■■ - . . , 1891. 



9 p _ J . 



Y' 







] 



soldier's monuments' W^RC^Tf^l^ . 






'-•'r:;t:;'"a/irV": 






PREFACE. 



SOME^keen observer has said that "brevity is the soul of wit." A fit- 
ting emendation may be formulated in the words, condensation is 
the grand secret of conveying instruction. Diffusiveness too often defeats 
its own object. Prolixity may be justiiiable in the case of those annalists 
who have at their command unlimited time and space in which to review 
and particularize unimportant facts — a condition w'hich does not apply 
to the compiler of such a work as this, necessarily confined to generali- 
zation the crowding of great events into a line and the history of centu- 
ries into a paragraph. 

The labor of preparing for the press the present little volume has 
been much greater than is apparent upon the surface, and consisted not 
so much in the actual amount of writing done as in the comparison of 
authorities, the securing of data, and the winnowing of the chaff from 
the grain. This task has been conscientiously performed, and the narra- 
tive part of Inland Massachusetts Illustrated will be found clear and 
concise, suited to popular reading and to the purpose in view — that of 
describing in the fewest possible words the country, the villages and 
cities, the public institutions, the industries and attractions presented to 
those who seek advantageous opportunities for the investment of capital 
in productive enterprises as well as the topographical and climatic beau- 
ties sought by the tourist for pleasure or instruction. Incidentally our 
pages bear witness to the energy and indomitable public spirit of a 
people who have by sheer force of genius and hard work made this portion of 
Massachusetts the fairest and in some respects the most prosperous region of 
New England. 

We have spared no exertion to render our work complete and acceptable. 
If any individual or community has been slighted, the blame rests not with us. 

In conclusion, we desire to return thanks for the encouragement and patron- 
age extended us by many prominent gentlemen, firms, and companies, a few of 
whom may be mentioned, viz : The Washburn & Moen Manufacturing Company, 
the Knowles Loom Works, the Crompton Loom Works, the Worcester National 
Bank, the State Safe Deposit Company, and the State Mutual Life Assurance 
Company of Worcester ; Isaac Prouty & Co., of Spencer ; the Fitchburg Steam 
Engine Company and others of Fitchburg ; the Bigelow Carpet Company of 
Clinton ; Geo. Draper & Sons of Hopedale ; J. G. and J. P. Ray of Franklin ; 
Reed & Barton, and P. H. Carr of Taunton ; Kilburn, Lincoln & Co., the 
Osborn Mills and others of Fall River, and the enterprising jewelry manufactur- 
ers of the Attleboroughs. 







WORCESTTR AF^MORV IUJII.I)1N(",. 



CONTENTS, 



MASSACHUSETTS 7-16 

WORCESTER COUNTY 17-19 

THE TOWN OF WORCESTER 20-24 

WORCESTER AS A CriY 24-33 

THE TRESS 33-35 

WORCESTER REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES . . . . . 36-116 

SPENCER 117-120-168 

FITCHBURO 121-136 

CLINTON 137-139 

MILFORD . . • 139-144 

HOPEDALE 144-147 

WINCHENDON 147-152 

LEOMINSTER 152-154 

WESTBOROUGH 1 54-155 

MILLBURY 155-156 

OAKHAM 156-157 

WEBSTER 157-158 

ATHOL 158-159 

EAST BROOKFIELD 200 

NORFOLK COUNTY 160 

FRANKLIN .... 160-165 

FOXBOROUGH 165-166 

WRENTHAM ... 166-167 

MEDWAY . . 167-168 

PLAINVILLE 227 

BRISTOL COUNTY . ■. 169 

FALL RIVER 169-179 

TAUNTON 179-198 

DIGHTON 158-2CO 

ATTLEBOROUGH ... 201-212 

NORTH ATTLEBOROUGH 212-221 

ATTLEBOROUGH FALLS 221-225 

MANSFIELD .'...., 226 

INDEX 230 



MASSACHUSETTS. 



THE STATE AT LARGE— TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE — A 
BRIEF HISTORICAL SYNOPSIS. 



T^HE eastern coast line of Massachusetts is about 300 miles in length, 
'^ one-half of which belongs to Cape Cod; but the actual breadth of 
the State from the southeast to the northeast corners in a direct line is 
■only ninety-five miles. Extending forty miles almost due northwest from 
near the entrance to Buzzard's bay to the vicinity of Shepardsville in 
Norfolk county runs the boundary line of Rhode Island, extending thence 
•due west twenty-one miles to the Connecticut line near East Thompson. 
From thence eighty-seven miles to the town of Mount Washington, Berk- 
shire county, Connecticut forms the southern boundary. Thence the line 
•extends forty-seven miles a little east of north along the eastern boundary 
of New York to the Vermont State line, which it follows in a direction 
slightly south of east to the Connecticut river and the boundary of New 
Hampshire, forty miles. For sixty miles further, to within three miles of 
the Merrimac river, it follows the same general course, thence running in 
an irregular northeasterly course to the sea at the southeast corner of 
New Hampshire. The average width of the State west of a line drawn 
through the towns of Wrentham in Norfolk and Dracut in Essex is forty- 
seven and a half miles, while the distance from Rhode Island along the 
line of Norfolk on the north and Plymouth and Bristol counties on the 
south to the sea is thirty-five or forty miles — the State having somewhat 
the shape of a boot, Cape Cod and the island counties of Dukes and Nan- 
tucket forming the broken and dilapidated toe, Bristol and Plymouth the 
instep, Norfolk and Middlesex the ankle, Essex the heel, and Worcester, 
Hampden, Hampshire, Franklin, and Berkshire the leg. 

The soil of Massachusetts is not as a general thing fertile, though in 
some portions of the State excellent crops of maize, rye, potatoes, and 
market vegetables are produced. Tlie surface is more or less hilly and 
rocky everywhere, save along the water courses, and in the west the ele- 
vations approach the dignity of mountains, the loftiest eminence being 
Greylock mountain in northern Berkshire, the top of which is more than 
3,500 feet above the sea. The rough country west of the Connecticut 
river is a continuation of the Green and White mountains. Among their 
most prominent features are Mounts Tom, Holyoke, and Nonotuck, in the 
vicinity of Holyoke, and the Berkshire hills, the latter bordering the 
Hudson river valley on the east and forming the connecting link between 
the Green mountains and the Catskills. Wachusett mountain in Wor- 
cester county, an outlying sentinel of the White mountains, rises to a 



8 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

heio-ht of 2 oi8 feet. The hills to the eastward diminish in magnitude as 
i*.rnro;^rh the coast and though numerous are of small consequence 
rxcept' in he case of 'the Blue ^ills of Norfolk and the country near 
C ine Ann in Essex. Much of the land of Middlesex Essex, and Norfolk 
and '.farfy all of Bristol, Plymouth, Barnstable, Dukes, and Nantucket 
counUesVand Martha's Vineyard are quite level, sandy, and sterile, as are 

^'%^hl^tts\ "Abounds with inlets, harbors, and bays, alternating with 
rockv headlands. Massachusetts bay (from which is taken the soulvujint 
"Old Bay State") embraces Cape Cod bay-lying between the mainland 
ami Cape Cod-and covers nearly the whole eastern front, boston hai- 
b r dee^p and commodious, is one of the safest on the Atlantic coast, shel- 
tered as^it is by promontories and islands. Of the other capacious and 
desirable hirbors the most prominent and famous are those of Gloucester, 
Sa em Ma bl^ead! Lynn Plymouth, Barnstable, and Provincetown. 
CHoe Cod-^^^^^^ arm of Massachusetts '-bears in outline a 

string resemblance to thit member of the human body with bent elbow 
and clinched hand. It is fortv miles from shoulder (where it 301ns the 
ma nland) to elbow, eastward, and thirty miles northward to Race Point 
Ll t a he extrem tv. The Elizabeth islands, sixteen in number com- 
pose a ^h^abolt eighteen miles in length lying ^f^- f,---^,^,,^,7, 
and Vineyard sound, and are known as the town of Gosnold, Karnstab e 
county. To the east, Across the sound and distant hye or six miles s 
Martha's Vineyard (Dukes county), and ten miles east o that is Nai- 
U?ket island and county, containing fifty square miles of land or sand) 
and possessed of a fine harbor-Holmes' Hole. Monomoy island is a 
mere^and! pit just off Cape Cod elbow. Buzzard's bay, thirty miles long 
TndofTn average width of ten miles, lies between the counties of Bristol 
and Plymouth o"n the north and Barnstable and the Elizabeth is ands on 
the south The famous old whaling port of New Bedford and its fine 
harbor are situated on the northern shore in the county of Bristol. 

The Connecticut, taking its rise in northern New Hampshire, enteis 
Massachusetts fortv miles east of the New York State line, forming at 
?Jat po t the boundary between New Hampshire and Vermont and 
runs Larly due south through Franklin, Hampshire, and Hampden coun- 
ues crossing the State line- into Connecticut about five miles south o 
Springfield.' This noble stream, emptying into Long Island sound, is 
m'ore fhan 400 miles in length, is navigable for small craft to ^^^^^^^ 
is the largest and most important river that enters the State. The scenery 
along its course is celebrated for variety, beauty, and grandeur, and im- 
mense dams for the utilization of the water power exist at numerous 
points Those at Turner's Fal's and Holyoke are the most extensive, and 
Lee scribed at length in the chapters devoted to the -^^-^nes of hose 
flourishing manufacturing centers. The average fall of the nverm this 
State is about two and a half feet to the mde. This "^^^^^^it Massa 
chusetts affluents-the Deerfield, Miller's, Chicopee and ^Vefhjld rivers 
-all abound with favorable mill-sites, which are gradually being utilized, 
though there is yet plenty of room for new-comers, f.^-^"!;'^"; f ^^P; 
shire^ Hampden, and portions of Worcester and Berkshne cminties ^re 
drained bv the Connecticut and its tributaries. The Mernmac comes 
next to the Connecticut in point of volume ; is no miles "\^;"f, ';°^J>. 
of which are in Massachusetts, and furnishes vast P^;;'^^. ^^J ^f/^' P"^^'. 
tions of Worcester and Middlesex counties, ^^^^Jf ^^he flow of the Con 
cord and Nashua rivers, and drives the busy mill-wheels of Lowell and 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. g 

Lawrence. The Watuppa ponds furnish power for the Fall River mills. 
The Taunton empties into Narragansett bay. The Ipswich rises in Essex 
county, the Mystic in Middlesex, the Charles in Middlesex and Norfolk 
counties, and all flow into Massachusetts bay. The Blackstone and 
Ouinnebaug drain portions of Worcester and Hampden counties, and by 
the exercise of engineering skill and the construction of reservoirs have 
been made extremely vpluatjle for manufacturing purposes. Lake Chau- 
bunagungamauy, a natural lake improved by man, is noted for its ex- 
tent, its value as a reservoir, its beautiful scenery, and its name, which, it 
is popularly believed, has never been pronounced since the last of the 
Pequots, disgusted with the white man's soap and whisky, 

" Folded his tent like the Arab, and silently stole away." 

The Housatonic and the Hoosick, wild, rapid, arid lined with valua- 
ble sites for mills, drain portions of Berkshire county, and the Ware, ris- 
ing near Rutland, Vt., is dammed at various points and put to use at 
Ware and elsewhere. 

The district of Maine was erected into a State in 1820. Since then the 
territory ot Massachusetts comprises about 7,800 square miles, divided 
into fourteen counties, which contain about 340 towns and cities. 

THE CLIMATE. 

The climate of Massachusetts, says Lorin Blodgett, the eminent clima- 
tologist, may be generally described as one representing very nearly the 
average of temperate latitudes on this hemisphere, though more severe 
than the average of temperate latitudes in Europe — a difference due to 
the fact that a portion on the eastern side of the continent is greatly 
modified by the circulation of the atmosphere across the land surface in 
its general movement eastward, thus increasing its heat in summer and 
its cold in winter, while the same circulation, moderated by its passage 
over the sea, brings to the west of Europe much milder and more uni- 
form temperatures. The New England climate, called severe, partakes 
of the character of that of continental rather than of maritime Europe. 
As compared with the southern and western states it is severe, and still 
more so in contrast with the west and south of Europe. . . . This 
comparatively extreme and severe climate is, however, highly favorable to 
mental and physical activity. In all the results of energy and industry, 
whicli make the State a model in development and eminent above almost 
any other in wealth, prosperity, and intelligence, the influence of climate 
must be recognized as leading and decisive. Locally there are marked 
modifications of this general character, as on the southeastern coast and 
islands, the Gulf stream coming near enough to be felt quite sensibly, in 
addition to the general modifications caused by the apparent extension of 
these districts into the sea. Though violent storms are not uncommon 
off Cape Cod and the circuit southward to Nantucket, the temperature is 
still so much modified as to register for the mean of the winter months 
7° warmer at Nantucket than at Cambridge, and nearly 5° warmer at 
New Bedford. Williarnstown, in the northwest corner of Berkshire 
county, is 10° colder than Nantucket, and 7° colder than New Bedford, 
in winter, though the difference in summer is hardly perceptible, the 
mean for the Vv^hole State being from 68 to 70°. In the elevated parts of 
Berkshire, Franklin, and Hampshire counties the winters are quite severe 
and the spring and summer often late and cold; even Williarnstown, at 
an elevation of 900 feet above the sea, has a mean winter average of 23°, 



lO INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTKATKl). 

while at Princeton in Worcester county, 1,150 feet above, it falls to 22°; 
but the valleys and level country at a distance from the mountains enjoy 
a temperature that seldom falls below 25° in winter and ranges from 67 
to 70° in summer. Taking the whole State together tlie range of tem- 
perature is very great for any single day, the minimum being 20° below 
in the northwest and 10° below at New Bedford, while in summer it may 
rise to 90° on the mountains, 98° in the valleys, and in some localities to 
100°, though the atmosphere is much more dry, and consequently more 
healthful, than further south. As regards rain, snow, and atmospheric 
moisture, the general character of the climate is similar to its tempera- 
ture — variable and extreme in some details, while the average is that of 
the best part of the temperate latitudes, the annual humidity, including 
rain and melted snow, varying from 39 inches at Nantucket to 45 inches 
in the hill country near Worcester, the profuse summer showers inland 
sensibly decreasing from the sea exposure along the coast. The same 
conditions obtain in winter, the rainfall averaging 41 inches at New Bed- 
ford, 34 to 40 inches in the western counties, and 46 inches at Worces- 
ter. There is no rainv or dry season, properly so called, and the rainfall 
is jiretty evenly distributed among the seasons. The snowfall averages 
60 inches in the mountains of the western antl central divisions, 50 inches 
in tlie vallevs, and ;o inches in the eastern and southeastern counties. 
There are occasional snows of two feet in the central portion of the State, 
decreasing in depth nearer the coast and turned to rain or sleet by the 
warmer easterly winds. Fogs and continuous light rains are common all 
along the New England coast, and there is an almost constant precipita- 
tion of moisture, caused by easterly winds, apparently return currents 
from the northeast supplying the exhaustion of the lower stratum result- 
ing from storms on the continent. Northeast winds are the bane of the 
New England climate in spring and late autumn. The weather in sum- 
mer and fall is usually tine and sometimes peculiarly beautiful, with a 
pure, elastic atmosphere, singularly cool, comparatively dry and health- 
ful, and more than compensates for the cold of winter and the northeast 
storms of early spring and advanced fall. 

GEOLOGICAL AND MINERALOGICAL. 

Nothing short of an extended scientific paper, for which we have not 
space, would give an adequate idea of the geological and mineral wealth 
of Massachusetts, the development of which is still in its infancy. Ot 
building and decorative stones there is no lack — granite, porphyry, mar- 
bles, limestone, sandstone, syenite, slate, mica, etc. — while numeriuis de- 
posits of the finest emery and corundum have been found. The coal 
measures of Plymouth and Bristol counties, extending intci Rhode Isl- 
and, cover about 750 square miles, but have never been fully developed 
for the reason that the coal, an extremely hard anthracite, is unsuited 
to the generation of steam and domestic use, though it is employed to 
some extent in the smelting of iron, which is found in considerable quan- 
tities at various places. The hcmalile ore-beds of Berkshire county are 
famous. 

HISTORICAL SUMMARY. 

The historic annals of Massachusetts and N<jvv England really begin 
with the arrival of the ISIayfiower in Cape Cod bay November 1 1, 1620, 
with one hundred and two Puritan pilgrims on board. These people, dis- 



INLAND INIASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. II 

senters from the state cluirch of Eng-land, persecuted for opinion's sake, 
retired first to Amsterdam and later to Leyden, Holland, in 1607-8, where 
they enjoyed unrestricted liberty of conscience for some years; but be- 
coming dissatisfied with their surroundings, secured from the Virginia 
Company of England a charter authorizing them to settle upon the north- 
ern part of the company's American possessions. Peculiar to themselves, 
they had clung together as a congregation in Holland, and it was deter- 
mined upon due consideration that a part onh' should cross the ocean at 
first and tlius prepare the way for the remainder. Arrived in England, 
two small vessels were bought or chartered, but one proved unseaworthy, 
and only the Mayflower with her complement of passengers stretched 
away upon what proved a tedious and stormy voyage across an unknown 
sea upon the grandest mission in which men ever embarked — a mission 
of which they themselves had no conception — the founding in the New 
World of the greatest and strongest and freest nation men ever saw. 
They builded better than they knew or designed, for in declaring thu ob- 
ject of the voyage they simply said they " thought they might on these 
shores more glorify God, do more good to their country, better provide 
for their posterity, and live to be better refreshed bv their labors than ever 
they could do in Holland." Their original destination was some point 
not far from the present site of New York, but for reasons not necessary 
to particularize they decided to attempt a settlement where they first 
landed and which the}' subsequently named Plymouth, now a coast vil- 
lage of Plymouth harbor in the town and county of Plymouth, distant 
about thirt3'-five miles south by east in a direct line from Boston. In 
view of the fact that there was neither law nor government in the coun- 
try, on the day they cast anchor these stern men met in the cabin of the 
Mayflower and signed the first compact ever drawn up between civilized 
men on this continent, and which may be fairly pronounced the first 
stone in the glorious fabric of civil and religious lil)erty in which all true 
Americans rejoice. The document, quaint in terms and orthograph}', is 
worthy of preservation, and reads:— 

" In ye name of God, Amen. We, whose names are vnderwritten, the loyall 
svbjects of our dread Souerai^ne Lord, King James, by y^ grace of God of Great 
Britain, France and Ireland Kinj^, defender of y*= faith, &c., haueing vndertaken, 
for ye glorie of God and aduanccment of ye Christian faith, and honovr of ovr 
King and Countrie, a uoyage to plant ye first Colonic in ye northerne parts of Vir- 
ginia, doc, by these presents, solemnl}' and mvtvally, in ye presence of God, and 
of one another,couenant and combine ovrs";lues togeather into a ciuill bodv poli- 
tick, for ovr better ordering and preseruation and fvrtherance of ye ends afore- 
said ; and by uirtve hereof do enact, constitvte and frame svch I'vst and eqvall 
lawes, ordinances, acts, constitvtions, and officers, from time to time, as shall be 
thovght most meet and conuenient for ye generall good of ye Colonic, vnto which 
we promise all dve svbmission and obedience. In witness whereof, we haue 
herevnder svbscribed ovr names, at Cape Cod, y^ 1 1 of Nouember, in ye year of 
ye raigne of ovr Soueraigne Lord, King James, of England, France and Ireland 
ye eighteenth, and of Scotland ye fiftie-fovrth, Ano Dom. 1620. 

A small party of adventurous explorers entered the snug harbor and 
landed on the present site of Plymouth just a month later, December 11, 
and on the i6th of tine same month the Mayflower arrived from Cape 
Cod. The actual debarkation and settlement dates from Christmas day, 
1620. This handful of zealous colonists had brought with them a spirit- 
ual director in the person of the pious and discreet Elder William Brew- 
ster, and previous to establishing themselves on land they chose proper 
civil officers with John Carver at their head as governor. The colony 



12 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

suffered terrible hardships and privations the first winter, and ere the 
summer of 162 1 arrived forty-three of the original one hundred and two 
had found rest in the waters of the harbor or under the sands of the 
coast. The sturdy spirit of the survivors was undismayed, however, and 
they continued to labor at building homes, clearing the forest, tilling the 
soil, and perfecting their government, making treaties with the Indians 
that were rigidly observed on both sides, and prospering as they deserved, 
increasing in numbers and wealth as the years went by, and maintaining 
a distinct and separate governmental existence until 1692, when Plym- 
outh became incorporated as a part of the great colony of Massachu- 
setts Bay, established by " The Council at Plymouth in the county of 
Devon (England) for the planting, ordering, ruling, and governing of 
New England in America," under a patent granted to certain noblemen 
and others in the same month that witnessed the arrival of the Pilgrims 
in Cape Cod bay. That neither king nor council, nor for that matter 
the recipients, had any conception of the extent of North America is 
shown by the terms of the patent, which guaranteed to the grantees all 
that territory on this continent from the fortieth to the forty-eighth de- 
grees of north latitude, which includes all the territor}' lying between 
lines running due east and west from the Atlantic to the Pacific and ex- 
tending in width from the New Jersey coast on the south to the Gulf of 
St. Lawrence on the north. The charter was vacated in 1635, after the 
company had disposed of most of its lands to the various companies and 
individuals interested in colonization. Plantations or settlements were 
begun in 1622 at Weymouth, in 1624 at Cape Ann, and in 1625 at Mount 
Wollaston, but bad management and Indian difficulties led to their early 
abandonment. A patent was granted March 19, 1628, by the Plymouth 
Company to Sir Henry Rosewell and associates. conve}'ing to them a strip 
of land which in width extended from three miles south of Charles river 
to three miles north of the Merrimac and in length "from the Atlantic 
to the South sea," and the ensuing summer the Cape Ann colony, which 
had removed to Salem, came under the control of a new company organ- 
ized under that grant, of which John Endicott was governor. The royal 
charter to the territory thus acquired was granted INIarch 4, 1629, creat- 
ing Rosewell and his associates a corporation under the title of the Gov- 
ernor and Compan}^ of the Massachusetts Bay in New England. Seven- 
teen ship-loads of colonists, among them many people of consequence, 
arrived from England in 1630. Of these John Winthrop, the new gover- 
nor of the company and subsequently governor of the colony, was the 
most prominent figure. New settlements were soon afterward estab- 
lished at various points, of wliich the most important were those of 
Charlestown, Newtown (now Cambridge). Matapan (now Dorchester), 
Roxbury, Shawmut (now Boston), Nantasket (now Hull), Mystic (now 
Medford), Lynn, and Winisimmet (now Chelsea). 

At the first general court, held at Boston, October 19, 1630, the freemen 
were empowered to choose from their own number the assistants pro- 
vided for in the charter, and the latter to choose from among themselves 
the governor, deputy governor, and assistants, who should make the laws 
and appoint the other officers. This was the first attempt ever made in 
this country to establish representative government, and though, like all 
new experiments, the system was crude and required much subsequent 
amendment, it is substantially the same that supplied a foundation for 
the governmental fabric of the State and nation in later times. The 
Puritans, refugees from their own country because of religious persecu- 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 1$ 

tion, Stern, uncompromisinc^, fanatical in upholding liberty of conscience 
for themselves, came to America for the purpose of founding a state the 
corner-stone of which should be absolute adhesion to their peculiar ten- 
ets, the creed in which they sincerely believed, and they had no toler- 
ance for any other form of worship. Honest, earnest, hardy, yet narrow, 
they deterrnined that no interloper should share with them in the work 
to which they devoted themselves, and consequently made communion 
in' their church the first test for all who would aid them in the construc- 
tion of a civilization dependent for its very existence, as they imagined, 
upon the fashioning of each individual conscience upon an unvarying 
model. It must not be forgotten, however, that these men lived and 
many of them were notable actors in an age when civil and religious lib- 
erty was neither known nor practiced, when men's minds were just 
emerging from the gloom of the middle ages, when might made right, 
when the sword was the universal arbiter, when the thunderings of the 
prophets rather than the teachings and example of the Redeemer formed 
the staple texts of pulpit disquisition, and they unquestionably acted for 
the best according to their light. Members of their own church only 
were permitted to exercise political functions, and they banished from 
their borders with rigorous severity any and all who refused to accept 
their interpretation of the Scriptures or otherwise proved obnoxious. 
Among those thus banished were Roger Williams, excluded in 1634, sub- 
sequently one of the founders of Rhode Island ; Rev. John Wheelwright, 
banished in 1637 ; Mrs. Anne Hutchinson and her followers, and the 
Quakers, expelled in 1656 and following years. 

The emigration from England to the colony increased rapidly in the 
years 1632-3, many eminent men coming over. The general court — the 
germ of the House of Representatives — became an established institution 
in 1634, The Pequot war, brought on by acts of bad faith on the part 
of certain whites and growing jealousy of their power on the part of the 
natives, broke out in 1636, resulting in the humiliation of the red men, 
after a struggle of more than a year, during which many colonists lost 
their lives, others their dwellings and live stock, and all suffered severely, 
but for forty years thereafter peace reigned between the races in New 
England. A change of government in the mother country by which the 
Puritans and their allies obtained power caused emigration to cease by 
1640, and not a few of the 21,000 who had come over returned. 

The famous colonial federation, by which Massachusetts Bay, Plym- 
outh, Connecticut, and New Haven joined hands for mutual protection 
against the Indians, tlie French, and the Dutch of New Amsterdam, was 
formed at a conference in Boston, and continued until 1684, when the 
Massachusetts charter was revoked by royal authority and the govern- 
ment was vested in the Council of New England. 

The first compilation of laws for Massachusetts Bay was made by Rev. 
Nathaniel Ward and adopted in 1641, was styled the " Body of Liber- 
ties," and reduced the number of capital offenses from one hundred and 
fifty in England to twelve in the colony — a long step in tlie direction of 
reason and mercy. The colony began the issue of silver coins in denomi- 
nations of threepence, sixpence, and a shilling in 1652. 

But while the whites were thus planting and reaping, building and 
trading, preaching and praying, a terrible storm was gathering. The 
Indians had gradually obtained and perfected themselves in the use of 
fire-arms and otherwise prepared themselves for a renewal of the struggle 
of 1636-7. The most capable of their leaders was Philip, king of the 



14 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

Pequots, through whose influence and statesmanship the various New 
England tribes were united, and in 1675, all being prepared, the long- 
expected outbreak occurred and a bloody war of a year's duration ensued 
which ended only with Philip's death at the hands of an assassin. Six 
hundred whites fell in this war, thirteen towns were destroyed, and 600 
houses were burned. The fiercest engagements occurred at Swanzey, 
Brooktield, Hadley, Deerlield, Northampton, Lancaster, Medfield, Wey- 
mouth, Groton, Springfield, Sudbury, and Marlborough, Mass., and War- 
wick and Providence, R. I. 

We have already referred to the abrogation of the Massachusetts Bay 
charter in 1684. Joseph Dudley, president of the Council of New 
England, took possession of the government in May, 16S6, and in the fol- 
lowing December arrived Sir Edmund Andros, commissioned by the king 
governor of all New England save Connecticut. The people, however, 
complained of his unjust harshness and oppressions, and on the accession 
of William and Mary to the throne in 16S9 he was removed. A year later, 
in retaliation for outrages perpetrated by the French and Indians along 
the northern frontier, the New England colonies dispatched an army and 
a fleet against the Canadian French — an expedition that accomplished 
nothing. The consolidation of Plymouth with Massachusetts Bay was 
the principal event oi 169.:, and the same year witnessed the outbreak at 
Salem of that peculiar phase of mental delusion, a belief in witchcraft, 
the cruelties and follies incident to which, extending over many months, 
have formed the basis for man}- a gruesome tale. Twenty alleged witches 
were put to death that year, and a few before and afterward; but, after all, 
the sin and shame bore no comparison to that of England, where 30,000 
miserable wretches were hanged, burned, and drowned. 

Indian depredations were resumed in 1704, when Deertield was sur- 
prised, forty men, women, and children slain, and one hundred carried 
away as prisoners. This outrage was known to have been instigated by 
the French, then at war with England, and in 1707 the colonies of ISIassa- 
chusetts. New Hampshire, and Rhode Island sent an armed expedition 
against Port Royal, Nova Scotia, but nothing was accomplished. Three 
years afterward — in 171c — another attempt was made, backed by an En- 
glish fleet, and the fortress capitulated after a stout resistance. The next 
year an attempted capture of Quebec failed, and in 17 13 peace was de- 
clared. 

Colonel Samuel Shute was made royal governor of Massachusetts and 
New Hampshire, and remained in office for six years. Peace and prosper- 
ity reigned for a period of thirty-one years — 1713 to 1744 — when England 
and France again became involved in hostilities, in which the Canadians 
took an active part, fitting out privateers at Louisburg to prey upon the 
colonial fisheries. It was determined to stop these depredations if possi- 
ble, and a small army of 4,000, raised in New Hampshire, Massachusetts, 
and Connecticut, assisted by a fleet of English ships, besieged Louisburg^ 
in May, 1745, forcing the garrison to capitulate June 11. Peace followed 
in 1748, only to be again broken in 1754, when a \Var of eight years' dura- 
tion ensued, ending in the conquest of Nova Scotia and Canada by troops 
principally from Massachusetts. The territory thus acquired is still held 
bv Eno-jand. 

In 1765 commenced the series of annoyances and tyrannies that culmi- 
nated in American independence. The arbitrary acts of certain royal 
governors had already engendered a widespread feeling of dissatisfac- 
tion, when, ]March 22 of that year, the infamous Stamp Act passed- the 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. I5 

British parliament, the object beino- to force a tax from Americans npon 
all paper, vellum, and parchment used in the colonies. The opposition 
was instant and general; all classes were united in antagonism to this 
and similar attempted oppressions, and the measure was repealed the 
next year. A second act was passed in 1767 designed to lay an import 
tariff on numerous articles brought from abroad, but this also met the 
same opposition, in which Massachusetts led, and the duty was reluctantly 
removed from all commodities but one — tea. This temporizing policy 
only added fuel to the flames of resistance, and the famous Boston tea 
party was the result, followed by the quartering of British troops in the 
town and the suspension of civil authority. Things went steadily from 
bad to worse until in 1774 the port was closed and the government trans- 
ferred to Salem. General Gage took control in May as provincial gov- 
ernor and commander of the ro3'al forces, and perpetrated so many 
outrages in the name of the king that populai' sentiment not only in 
Massachusetts but in all her sister colonies was wrought up to a white 
heat and only awaited concert of purpose to inaugurate a conflict. The 
various legislative assemblies adopted resolutions of sympathy and sup- 
port, and a conference called together at Philadelphia, September 5, 
attended by eminent representatives from all the colonies, organized as 
the Continental Congress, resolved against the importation or exportation 
of merchandise from or to Great Britain, and took measures to enforce 
them. Events followed each other rapidly, and the fires of rebellion 
smouldered everywhere, ready to burst forth at any moment. The 
people associated themselves together, formed militia companies, pro- 
vided munitions of war, subscribed money, and urged their leaders to 
organized resistance. Independence was as yet scarcely thought of, but 
there was a fixed purpose to maintain their rights as free-born subjects 
of the crown, and for the restoration of all their privileges. The first 
actual collision occurred in April, 1775, when British troops sent from 
Boston to destroy certain military supplies belonging to the colonists 
were met by militia and citizens, and on the 19th a series of skirmishes 
ensued at Concord and Lexington in which several were killed and 
wounded on both sides. The British retired to Boston, but the country 
was now thoroughly aroused, and reinforcements were rapidly collected 
in the vicinity of Boston with the object of driving the royal troops from 
that city. Cluuiestown was occupied, Breed's hill fortified, and on the 
17th of June occurred the ever-memorable assault by the British troops 
and men-of-war in the harbor, in which the Americans, though forced to 
withdraw, proved their willingness and abilit}' to cope with the much- 
vaunted British regular. The battle of Bunker Hill had been fouo-ht and 
lost, but the raw militia had gained an experience that proved on many 
subsequent occasions of more value than an easy victory in their first 
engagement could have done. 

Washington arrived in July and took command; reinforcements were 
brought up from every direction; fortifications were erected, and the 
siege began in good earnest. The British sailed away to Halifax in 
March, 1776, and the scene of war shifted further south. The part played 
by Massachusetts in the seven years' war that made the United States a 
free nation forms a brilliant part of the historv of those times. 

The State government, founded upon a written constitution, was organ- 
ized in 1780, while the revolution was still in progress. Shays' ridiculous 
little rebellion, involving Worcester and Hampshire parties, started in 
resistance to the forcible collection of debts contracted between 1776 and 



l6 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

1783, occurred in 1786. One man was killed in its suppression. The 
war of 181 2 was a serious blow to Massachusetts interests, and was not 
very generally indorsed. The civil war, 186 1-5, gave her an opportunity 
to retrieve her reputation for patriotism, and she contributed liberally 
with men, money, and brains to its successful prosecution, sending to the 
front no less than 160,000 effectives out of a population of 1,250,000. 

Agriculture, fisheries, the mechanic arts, manufactures, and commerce 
engage the attention of the masses, while the educational institutions of 
the State rank with the best in the world. Public w^orks of every kind 
are liberally supported, as are the public schools, from which the ranks 
of intelligent citizens are constantly recruited. Nor are the mental and 
physical training of her young men and women monopolized to her own 
exclusive advantage, since the statistics show that many hundred thou- 
sands of her brightest sons and daughters have emigrated and continue 
to remove annually to the newer and less crowded commonwealths and 
territories south and west, where their acute minds and skillful hands are 
employed in the building up of local and national wealth and power. 
The influence of the Old Bay State thus exerted is beyond computation 
and increases year by year. The following table is compiled from the 
census returns of 18S5, and presents the totals of capital (including credit 
capital), product, and hands employed for all industries, and for each of 
the fifteen leading manufacturing industries of the State: — 

INDUSTRIES. CAPITAL. PRODUCT. HANDS. 

All industries $500,594,000 $674,634,000 379^39^ 

Boots and shoes 34,313,000 114,729,000 64,858 

Building 11,292,000 39,801,000 27,873 

Clothing 12,399,000 32,659,000 i^>395 

Cotton goods 118,947,000 61,425,000 60,132 

Food preparations 20,832,000 80,488,000 11,518 

Furniture 9,313,000 12,716,000 8,190 

Leather 12,258,000 28,008,000 9,228 

Machinery 24,743,000 20,365,000 14,644 

Metallic goods 33,194,000 41,332,000 24,233 

Paper 21,979,000 21,223,000 8,620 

Printing, book binding, etc.. . 10,554,000 16,552,000 9>950 

Dyeing, bleaching, etc 16,191,000 15,880,000 8,601 

Rubber, elastic goods 10,893,000 12,638,000 6,469 

Woolen goods 29,995,000 31,748,000 18,970 

Worsted goods 10,706,000 11,198,000 7,963 

Other industries 122,977,000 133,864,000 79,754 

The subjoined figures, from the census of 1885, exhibit the increase of 
capital invested in iTianufactures since 1865, value of product, and com- 
parative product during each period of five years: — 

A'^.,, r'„„v 1 ■ i 1 \r , c 1 ^ Proportional product 

\ ear. Capital invested. \ alue of product. ^ ' j. r '•, 1 

' ' to gi of capital. 

1865 $93,385,849 $271,959,122 $2.91 

1870 201,634,345 482,082,305 2.39 

1875 252,396,177 528,867,823 2.10 

1880 303,806,185 631,135,284 ■ 2.08 

1885 407,581,920 674,634,269 1.66 

Population of State, census 1890, 2,238,943 ; increase in ten vears, 
455,8^8—25.57 percent. 



WORCESTER COUNTY. 



EARLY SETTLEMENT— ORGANIZATION AND INCORPORATION — 
TOWNS — DEVELOPMENT AND POPULATION. 



THE county of Worcester was incorporated by act of the General Court, of 
date April 2, 1 731, .which became a law and went into effect July 10 
■ensuing. By the same act Worcester was made the shire town. The territory 
•originally embraced in the county comprised the towns of Worcester, Lancas- 
ter, Westborough, Shrewsbury, Southborough, Leicester, Rutland, and Lunen- 
burg (taken from Middlesex county) ; Mendon, Woodstock, Oxford, Sutton — 
including Hassanamisco — Uxbridge, and certain lands granted to residents of 
Medfield (taken from Suffolk county) ; Brookfield (taken from Hampshire 
county) ; a district spoken of as " the South town, laid out to the Narragansett 
soldiers," and all other lands and the inhabitants of said townships. The same 
act provided for county government, the levying of taxes, the establishment of 
courts, etc. The Hassanamisco tract, at first included in the town of Sutton, 
was reserved by the chief or sachem, John Wampus, when he sold the ad- 
jacent territory to the whites ; it was about four miles square, and is now the 
town of Grafton. The Narragansett soldiers' tract, called the "South town," 
was a part of seven townships granted in 1828 by the General Court to survivors 
and heirs of soldiers of the Narragansett war. It is now the town of West- 
minster. There are now fifty-nine towns in the county, which is the largest in 
the State, central in position, borders upon Rhode Island and Connecticut at 
the south, upon New Hampshire and Vermont at the north, and is about 1,500 
square miles in area. The surface is uneven, and for the m3st part rocky, yet 
the soil compares favorably with any in New England save that in the river val- 
leys, and, owing to improved methods of cultivation, the growing of special 
crops, the rearing of poultry and the ready sale found in the various manufactur- 
ing cities and villages for dairy products and small fruits, farming is profitable 
and lands are held at high prices. The progress of the county, from a 
material standpoint, must be gratifying to those identified therewith, and is best 
shown here by the increase in population during the past decade, taking as a 
guide the United States census of 1880 and 1890 : 




CO 

Z 

<- 



."liMliliffifff I ikiiffiBil»iffiiiiiMiii«.asf« 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



19 



1890 

Ashburnham, . . . 2,076 

Athol, 6,318 

Auburn, i>543 

Barre, 2,249 

Berlin, 8S0 

Blackstone, .... 6,095 

Bolton, 835 

Boylston, 790 

Brookfield, . . . . 3,352 

Charlton, 1,841 

Clinton, 10,185 

Dana, 700 

Douglas, 1,940 

Dudley, 2,926 

Fitchburg, . . . .21,856 

Gardner, 8,386 

Grafton, 4)989 

Hardwick, .... 2,922 

Harvard, 1,096 

Holden, 2,637 

Hopedale, .... 1,176 
Hulibardston, . . 1,343 
Lancaster, .... 2,331 

Leicester, 3)i 14 

Leominster, . . . 7,266 
Lunenlnirg, .... 1,138 

Mendon, 919 

Miltbrd, 8,769 

Millbury, 4,427 

New Braintree, . 573 
Northboro, .... 1,952 



1880 


Gain 


Loss 


1,666 


410 




4,307 


2,011 


. . . 


1,317 


226 


. . . 


2,419 


• .- • 


170 


977 


. . . 


97 


4.907 


1,188 


. . . 


903 


. . . 


68 


854 


. . . 


64 


2,820 


532 


. . . 


1,900 




59 


8,029 


2,156 


. . . 


736 


. . . 


36 


2,241 


. . . 


301 


2,803 


123 




12,429 


9,427 




4,988 


3,39« 




4,030 


959 




2,233 


709 




1,253 




157 


2,499 


i3« 




(Established i 


886) 


1,386 




43 


2,008 


323 


. . . 


2,779- 


335 


. . . 


5,772 


1,494 




1,101 


il 




1,094 


. . . 


175 


9,310 


. . . 


541 


4,741 




314 


610 


. . . 


:^7 


1,676 


276 


. . . 



1890 

Northbridge, . . . 4,595 

North Brookfield, 3,868 

Oakham, 738 

Oxford, 2,644 

Paxton, 449 

Petersham, .... 1,051 

Phillipston, .... 502 

Princeton, .... 974 

Royalston, .... 1,030 

Rutland, 986 

Shrewsbury, . . . 1,438 

Southboro, .... 2,088 

Southbridge, . . . 7,649 

Spencer, 8,696 

Sterling, 1,246 

Sturbridge, .... 2,075 

Sutton, J 3,180 

Templeton, .... 2,984 

Upton, 1,881 

Uxbridge, 3,386 

Warren, 4,676 

Webster, 7,015 

Westboro, .... 5,263 

West Boylston, . 3,019 

West Brookfield, 1,588 

Westminster, . . . 1,684 

Winchendon, . . . 4,379 
Worcester, . . . .84,536 



1880 

4,053 
4,459 

869 
2,604 

592 
1,109 

621 
1,100 
1,192 
1,059 
1,500 
2,142 
6,464 
7,466 
1,414 
2,062 
3,105 
2,789 
2,023 
3,11 1 
3,889 
5,696 
5,214 
2,994 

i>9i7 
1,652 

3,722 
58,291 



Gain 
542 



40 



1,185 
1,230 

13 

75 
195 

275 

787 

1,319 

49 

25 

32 

657 
25,109 



Loss 

591 
131 

143 
58 
119 
126 
162 

63 
62 

54 



168 



142 



329 



Total 



281,723226,88556,531 4,410 



Receipts and expenditures 
RECEIPTS. 

Balance in the Treasury Jan. 1st, 
1890, 

County Tax, 1890, 

Clerk of Courts' Fees, 

District Attorney Forfeitures, . . 

Sherift" Fines and Costs, 

Master House of Correction (Wor- 
cester) Fines and Costs, . . . 

Master House of Correction (Pitch- 
burg) Fines and Costs, .... 

District and Police Courts Fines 
and Costs, 

Trial Justices, Fines and Costs, . 

Clerk of Court, Naturalization Fees, 

District and Police Courts, Natu- 
ralization Febs, 

Labor House Correction $2,359 55 

Board of Prisoners ... 76 20 

Sundries sold Prisoners, 180 24 



of Worcester County for 1890. 

EXPENDITURES. 



Labor House Correction, 

Fitchburg, $4,553 69 

Sundries sold, 1,062 61 



Interest on Deposits, 
Peddlers' Licenses, . 
Miscellaneous Items, 



$78,921 91 
125,000 00 

4,145 70 
'636 91 

6,812 78 

6,624 75 
2,520 56 

18,753 59 
2,957 20 

454 00 
1,453 00 



2,615 99 



5,616 30 

1,298 46 

516 00 

69 60 



Total Receipts, $258,396 75 



Expense Worcester Jail and House 
of Correction, $ 

Expense Fitchburg Jail and House 
of Correction, 

County Commissioner's Orders — • 
Miscellaneous Pay roll, .... 

County Commissioners' Orders — 
Commitment of Insane Persons, 

Court Orders — Paid Auditors, Mas- 
ters, etc., 

Court Orders Paid — Expenses Su- 
perior Court, Civil Term, . . . 

Court Orders Paid — Expenses Su- 
perior Court, Criminal Term, . . 

Costs of Criminal Prosecutions, . . 

jurors for Service and Travel, . . 

Constal)les for Serving Venires, 

Salaries of County Officers, .... 

Salaries of Justices of District and 
Police Courts, 

Salaries of Clerks of District and 
Police Courts, 

County Law Library, 

Board of Examiners, 



26,777 08 

16,945 42 

18,854 37 

2,089 74 

2,574 80 

4,609 52 

4,548 36 
36,835 15 
18,407 32 

703 35 
16,466 66 

13,406 96 

5,465 95 

3,907 00 

6 00 



Total Expenditures, $171,597 68 

86,799 07 



Balance carried to new acc't, $258,396 75, 



THE TOWN OF WORCESTER. 



EARLY SETTLEMENT INDIAN TROUBLES DEVELOPMENT INCORPORATION OF THE 

TOWN AND CITV PRESENT POPULATION FINANCIAL CONDITION EDUCA- 
TIONAL ADVANTAGES BANKS AND BANKING THE PRESS. 

May 6, 1657, the General Court granted to the widow and son of Increase 
Nowell, of Charlestown, 3,200 acres of land. May 6, 1662, 1,000 acres were 
appropriated to the church at Maiden, and October 19, 1664, 250 acres were 
similarly ceded to Ensign Thomas Noyes of Sudbury, in recognition of his 
military services. These were the first grants of lands in the present town of 
Worcester. The Nowell grant, situated along the west shore of Lake Quin- 
sigamond, was soon aftervvard sold to other parties. A comniittee appointed 
May 15, 1667, to view the land, reported to the General Court in favor of open- 
ing a plantation eight miles square, but it was not until 1673 that an actual 
settlement occurred, thirty families undertaking the work under the direction of 
Captain Daniel Gookin, Thomas Prentice, Richard Beeres and Daniel Hench- 
man. One Ephraim Curtis, however, had in the meantime purchased the 
Noyes grant of 250 acres in the very centre of the town, and declined to come 
to terms, where upon the matter was carried to the General Court, which adjudged 
that he should retain fifty acres adjacent to his house, with the privilege of 
taking up 250 acres "without the bounds of the town, but adjoining thereto." 
July 13, 1674, the Indian title was extinguished for and in consideration of the 
sum of ^12 in goods. A block-house fort had already been built, highways, a 
church and school i)rovided for, and the community, " only a day's journev 
from Boston," containing thirty house lots and a number of houses, seemed 
fairly prosperous for the time. But a good many became discouraged and 
abandoned the enterprise within a year, leaving the remainder to continue the 
struggle, which they did so effectually tliat, according to a contemporaneous 
chronicler, by the summer of 1675 the deserters had been more than replaced, 
and the inhabitants had so improved their surroundings that the settlement re- 
sembled a village. All travel from the bay to the Connecticut passed through 
over the famous " Bay path," and the outlook was full of promise. The neigh- 
boring Indians, influenced by Captain Gookin and the celebrated missionary, 
Eliot, had been brought into friendly intercourse with the whites, and all seemed 
safe and peaceful, when, suddenly. King Philip's war burst forth in Plymouth 
colony, and rapidly spread to that of Massachusetts Bay. Utter ruin resulted 
to the " Plantation at Quinsigamond." Captain Richard Beeres, of the Quin- 
sigamond committee, was slain, with most of his men, in an attempt to rescue 
the Northfield garrison, September 3, i 675. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 2 1 

Efforts were made in 1678 to reocciipy the plantation, but it was not until 
the General Court, in October, 16S2, notified the committee that unless re- 
peopled the grant would be forfeited, that Gookin and his associates induced a 
few of the original settlers to return. These were soon joined by others ; a 
new apportionment of lands was, made, and once more the axe was heard in the 
wilderness, the plow seen upon the hillsides, and the vocations of peace were re- 
sumed. The General Court passed an act, September 10, 1684, conferring 
upon the town the name of Worcester, in honor of the ancient English city. 
Dissensions soon after arose among the inhabitants from various causes, many 
removed to other localities, and finally, on the application of the remainder to 
the General Court for aid in 1699, that body refused and struck Worcester from 
the list of frontier towns. This cruel blow once more depopulated the town, all 
leaving save Digory Serjent and his family, who remained at Sagatabscot hill, 
where the bold pioneer perished at last in a desperate fight with the savages, and 
his wife and children were carried into captivity. This pccurred either 1702, 
1 703 or 1 704. Political troubles and French and Indian depredations pre- 
vented a third settlement of Worcester until 1713, when, October 13, a petition 
was presented to the General Court by Colonel Adam Winthrop, Gershom 
Rice and Jonas Rice, former residents, setting forth their desire and that of 
others to re-establish themselves at Quinsigamond. Their appeal was favorably 
received, and Hon. William- Taylor, Colonel Winthrop, Hon. William Dudley, 
Lieutenant-Colonel John Ballentine and Captain Thomas Howe were appointed 
a committee to manage the enterprise. Jonas Rice was the first to return, Oc- 
tober 21, I 713, made his home on Sagatabscot hill, and here remained, the sole 
inhabitant, until the spring of 1715, when his brother Gershom arrived and took 
up his residence. Others soon followed ; block-houses, grain and saw mills and 
roads were built, and as early as 17 14 a meeting-house was erected, the popula- 
tion having increased to some 200. About this time a body of Scotch Presby- 
terians made their appearance here, began the erection of a place of worship, 
which was destroyed by a mob, and were so persecuted by their brother Chris- 
tians that most of them fled to Hampshire county, settling in the town of 
Pelham. 

At a meeting of the proprietors and freeholders, June 14, 171 2, it was 
resolved : 

"That the inhabitants of Worcester be vested with the power and privileges 
of other towns within this province, and that it be earnestly recommended to 
that council only of the seven churches which did meet at Worcester in Sep- 
tember, i72i,towhom the contending parties submitted their differences re- 
lating to the Rev. Mr. Andrew Gardner, that the said council proceed and go 
to Worcester on or before the first Wednesday in September next, to finish 
what is further necessary to be done for the procuring and establishing of peace 
in said town, according to the submission of the parties ; and that the freehold- 
ers and inhabitants of Worcester be assembled on the last Wednesday in Sep- 
tember next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, to choose all town officers as by law 
as accustomed for towns to do at their annual meeting in March ; and that, at 
the opening of the meeting, they first proceed to the choice of a moderator by 
written votes." 

The above is the original act of incorporation of Worcester, ratified by the 
State Constitution, adopted fifty-eight years later (1780), which provided that 
all towns under the government are bodies politic and corporate. The first 
regular town meeting occurred September 28, 1722, at which officers were 
chosen and immediately assumed the performance of their duties. At that 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSIRAIED. 23 

time Worcester was a part of Middlesex county. On the second of April, 
1 73 1, Worcester county was organized by act of the General Court, as detailed 
elsewhere. The village of Worcester, perhaps because of its importance and 
ease of access, was made the seat of justice of the new county. The 
town of Holden (long known as North Worcester) was set apart in 
1740, by popular consent and act of the Great and General Court, 'i'he 
history of Worcester, in public matters, is from that time to the present 
identical with that of the State, but her growth in population, manufactures, 
-wealth and influence, while comparatively slow, has been solid and enduring. In 
the revolution she did her full duty, and in every great exigency since has earned 
the plaudits of the country. She took no part in Shay's rebellion, but furnished 
troops to aid in its suppression. At the close of the revolution the population 
of the town was about 2,000. 

The first important public work attempted was the construction of the 
Blackstone canal, opened in 1828; the second, the building of the Boston & 
Worcester railroad, subsequently extended to Sprmgfield and Albany, and suc- 
ceeded, at varying intervals, by the opening of the many other iron highways 
that radiate to all points of the compass, facilitating travel and the transporta- 
tion of the manufactured commodities for which " the heart of the Common- 
wealth " is famous. 

A fire engine was purchased in 1793, and in January of the same year the 
\Vorcester Fire Society (still in existence) was organized, composed of leading 
citizens. Daniel Goulding was authorized to construct water works on a limited 
scale — that is, " to conduct water in subterraneous pipes from a certain spring in 
his own land, within the town of Worcester, for the accommodation of himself 
and some other inhabitants of said town" — March 2, 1798. Washington 
passed through, enroute to Boston, October 23 of the same year. The next 
year the town appropriated $2,500 for school houses and Si, 000 for the main- 
tenance of schools. Ten school-houses were erected in 1800. The Worcester 
Bank was incorporated March 7, 1804. A poor-house was built in 1806, at a 
cost of $2,000. The Antiquarian Society, founded by Isaiah Thomas, was in- 
corporated October 24, 181 2. On February 11, 1823, was incorporated the 
Worcester Mutual Fire Insurance Company; in 1S44 the State Mutual Life ; in 
1846 the Merchants and Farmers; in 1846 the People's Mutual Fire. 
Lafayette visited Worcester September 4, 1824. A modest town hall was dedi- 
cated May 2, 1825. The Worcester Institution for Savings was incorporated in 
1828 ; the Central Bank in 1829 ; the Quinsigamond Bank in 1833 ; the Citi- 
zens' in 1836 ; the Mechanics' in 1848. 

The construction of the Blackstone canal began at Providence in 1824, and 
at Worcester in 1826, and the first boat arrived here October 6, 1828. The 
result was to greatly stimulate trade with Providence and to infuse renewed 
activity into local manufactures, while building up the Blackstone valley ; but 
Boston was a severe loser thereby, and this led to the incorporation, June 23, 
1 83 1, of the Boston & Worcester Railroad Company, which constructed the 
first railroad of considerable importance in the State, the opening of which was 
celebrated July 6, 1835, though trains had passed over its entire length two days 
previously. The next step was the building of the Western railroad to Spring- 
field, opened October i, '1839. The line through to Albany was completed in 
1841. The Norwich & Worcester railroad was opened for traffic April i, 1840, 
and the Providence & Worcester (now the New York, Providence & Boston) 
October 25, 1847. From that period, probably, dates the favorite Worcester 
soubriquet, " Heart of the Commonwealth." The growth of the place was 



24 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

both rapid and substantial, as is shown by the census figures for 1840-48: 
Population, 1840, 7,497; 1S48, 15,000. Valuation, 1S40, $4,288,950; 1848, 
$8,721,100. 

The streets were first lighted by oil lamps in 1833 ; the Manual Labor High- 
School was incorporated 1834, and the Worcester Fire Department was estab- 
lished in 1835. ^^^ I S3 7 there were twelve school districts in the town. 
Between 1831 and 1834 the Mount St. James Seminary was established and 
the State Lunatic Hospital located here. (The first-named is now Holy Cross- 
College, and the latter, entirely rebuilt, vastly enlarged and handsomely em- 
bellished, is illustrated elsewhere in these pages.) The Worcester Aqueduct 
Company was incorporated in 1845, for the purpose of " supplying water for 
the extinguishment of fires and for other purposes," the same to be obtained 
from Bladder pond. Previous to 1845 the nearest daily newspapers were pub- 
lished at Boston, but on the 9th of June of that year Julius L. Clarke issued 
the first number of the Daily Transcript. The Spy, established as a weekly 
long before the revolution, was not slow to imitate its young rival, and on the 
first of July ensuing issued its first daily edition. 

WORCESTER AS A CITY. 

The act for the incorporation of the city of Worcester was approved by 
Governor Briggs February 29, 1848, and the city government was inaugurated 
April 17, 1848, Hon. Levi Lincoln, Mayor; Parley Goddard, Benjamin F. 
Thomas, John W. Lincoln, James S. VVoodworth, William B. Fox, James Esta- 
brook, Isaac Davis and Stephen Salisbury, aldermen. The names of subsequent 
mayors and their terms of office are appended, several having been re-elected 
once or oftener : Henry Chapin, 1849-50; Peter C.Bacon, 1851-52; John 
S. C. Newton, 1853-54; George W. Richardson, 1855-57; Isaac Davis,, 
1856-58-61; Alexander H. Bullock, 1859; William W\ Rice, i860; P. 
Emory Aldrich, 1862 ; D. W. Lincoln, 1863-64; Phinehas Ball, 1865 ; James 
P. Blake, 1866-67-68-69-70 ; Edward Earle, 187 1 ; George F. Verry, 1872 ; 
Clark Jillson, 1873-75-76 ; Edward L. Davis, 1874; Charles B. Pratt, 1877- 
78-79 ; Frank H. Kelly, 1880-81 ; E. B. Stoddard, 1882 ; Samuel E. Hildreth, 
1883; Charles G. Reed, 1884-85; Samuel Winslow, 1886-87-88-89; Francis- 
A. Harrington, 1890-91. 

The career of the city from the first has been one of uniform and remark- 
able progress and prosperity. During the first year the Worcester & Nashua 
railroad was completed, and the Fitchburg & Worcester was added to her lines 
of railway communication in 1850. The population that year had increased 
128 per cent, over that of 1S40, and footed up 17,049. While the valuation 
of property had increased 158 per cent, during the decade. Ten years more 
brought the population up to 24,973. In 1880 it had swelled to 58,291, and 
the census of the present year credits her with 84,655 souls. Mechanics' Hall 
was erected in 1857. The numbering of front doors was begun in 1848. The 
original gas-works were erected and telegraph wires introduced in 1849. The 
Common, an institution dating from the earliest settlement, was the only public 
breathing place until Elm Park was opened in 1856. The Public Library was 
founded by Dr. John Green in 1859. The causeway across Lake Quinsigamond 
was constructed in 1862 — a short-sighted ill-advised work that practically divides 



INLAND MASSACHUSEirS ILLUSTRATED. 25 

that beautiful sheet of water into two parts. A spasm of purbhnd economy seems 
to have controlled the city Solons about that time, for they rejected an offer of 
fourteen acres adjoining the lake, made in 1863 by ex-Mayor Isaac Davis, for 
park purposes. Subsequently the offer was renewed by his son, Hon. Edward L. 
Davis, and Lake Park is- in course of improvement from year to year, with the 
prospect of ultimately becoming the most delightful and popular resort in this 
vicinity. 

We have not space to enter into a detailed account of Worcester's part in 
the war ; that duty has been well and conscientiously performed by abler pens 
— among others, that of Captain J. Evarts Green, himself an active partici- 
pant, whose concise yet comprehensive chapter of military annals forms one of 
the most interesting features of Lewis & Co.'s History of Worcester Co?/nty. 
To the iirst call for troops Worcester instantly responded, and April 17, 1861, 
the Light Infantry proceeded to Boston, where it was attached to the Sixth 
Massachusetts Militia. On the 19th the regiment was mobbed in the streets of 
Baltimore. The Third Battalion of Rifles was next organized, consisting of two 
militia companies — the City Guards, and the Holden Rifles — and the Emmet 
Guards, an independent Irish organization, and went to the front. These and 
the Light Infantry were the three months' men, and were never in battle under 
their original organization, though most of them re-enlisted in other commands 
when their first term expired. The Fifteenth Massachusetts Volunteers was the 
first regiment recruited in this county, contained many Worcester city men, was 
commanded by Colonel (afterwards Major-General) Charles Devens, recently de- 
ceased, took an important part in the disastrous battle of Ball's Bluff, October 21, 
1 86 1, lost heavily in killed, wounded and prisoners, was soon filled up by recruits 
from home, and afterward achieved distinction on many a stubbornly-contested 
field, losing 310 out of 62 1 men in action at Antietam. The next regiment organ- 
ized here was the Twenty-first, composed of men from various parts of the 
county, from Springfield, Belchertown and Pittsfield. The third was the Worces- 
ter regiment /ar excellence, the Twenty-fifth, containing seven companies of city 
men, the remaining three coming from Fitchburg, Templeton and Milford. 
These two regiments saw their first service under Burnside at Roanoke Island 
and Newbern. They afterward performed faithful and arduous service elsewhere. 
Three more regiments — the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-sixth and Fifty-first — were 
organized in Worcester during 1862, and all did heroic service. The gallant 
Fifty-seventh also contained many Worcester men, and hundreds were attached 
to regiments from other portions of this and from other States. 

Worcester shared to the full in the tremendous impetus given to Northern 
manufactures by the war and the needs of the country resulting therefrom, and 
still maintains a proud supremacy in many departments of industry. 

Private parties had at different times sought and obtained permission to lay 
pipes and deliver water from springs to private consumers, and in 1854 a survey 
was made with a view to the erection of municipal water- works, but the proposi- 
tion was voted down by the citizens, and it was not until ten years later that 
at another election it Avas decided to act upon the privilege accorded by the 
Legislature of i860 to obtain water from Lynde brook, in the town of Leices- 
ter. A reservoir of 228,000,000 gallons' capacity was constructed, conduits 
laid and water turned on November 14, 1864. The building of a sewer system 
was inaugurated in 1867, and has been steadily enlarged from year to year. 
The Lynde brook reservoir, enlarged, is now of 680,000,000 gallons' capacity ; 
in addition, there are two other reservoirs, Tatnuck brook and Bell pond, in all 
affording storage for 1,080,000,000 gallons. The distribution is accomplished 

3 



-6 



INLAND ^L\SSACHl^ETK ILLUSTRATEJD. 



through nearlv 1 1 ; miles of mains, and the daily consumption exceeds 4.000,- 
000 cr'allons. 'The' entire cost of the svstem approximates $2,500,000, and that 
of the sewer svstem about the same. In this connection it should be stated 
that the citv of Worcester has iust completed, under the direction of City 




:3-^>b^ 



< 



O 

z 

■j: 

< 



Z 

D 



■J 

o 



Engineer Allen, the most perfect system of sewage purification ever devised. 

\11 departments of the citv government are wgll organized and equipped, 
and this applies with especial force to the fire and police service. Extensive 
conflagrations are almost unknown, as is proved by the report of Chief Combs 



INI.AXO MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 2 "J 

for 1890, showing cost of maintenance, $75,132.51; losses, $137,130.00; in- 
surance, $56,672.76. The courtesy of the pohce is proverbial, while the 
efficiency and watchfulness of the force, and its reliability under all circum- 
stances, cannot be too highly commended. For 1889 there were 4,241 arrests, 
3,216 of which were forilriinkenness. May i, 1S90, the prohibition of liquor- 
selling went into' effect, and arrests for intoxication fell off more than 50 per 
■cent, for the year. 

The annual statement oi City Auditor J. F. Howell, for the fiscal year ending 
November 30, 1S90, shows a decrease in the city debt of $21,322.13 compared 
with 18S9. The rate of taxation was reduced 40 cents per $1000. and there 
was no revenue from litiuor licenses. The comparative debt statement is as 
follows : 

1889 1890 

Funiled City Loans $3,855,700 00 $3,030,700 00 

Casli in Tieasuiy 320,135 07 272,650 38 

Sinking Fund, .' 1.045,773 37 1,189,574 19 

Net Debt, $2,489,791 56 $2,468,460 43 

Expenditures and unexpended balances for the year : 

Balances 
Expeiuk'd. Unexpended. 

Aliatenicnts $4,807 42 

Board of llealili 4'033 n 

City Hall 3-50O 70 

City Hospital 22,442 62 

City Hospital i^ trust funds ^ 10,480 34 

Engine and I'olife Buildings, Waldo Street, . 5'337 53 $386 66 

Fire Department 75,132 51 

Fire Patrol 1,500 00 

Free Public Library 21,327 27 

Free Public Library ;, new building account), . 52,382 75 20,755 57 

Highways, Sidewalks and Paying 144,227 02 Oil 65 

Incidental Expenses 36,845 15 

Interest 104,213 65 

Interest on Sewer Loan 37,900 00 

Lighting Streets, 71^397 97 3.646 83 

Parks Commission 14,206 60 v^75 52 

Parks Commission (^ order of May, 1888), . . 32,476 44 10,507 18 

Pauper Department (city relief), 15,129 77 1. 265 17 

Pauper Department (^farni) 33'770 70 1.398 65 

Pauper Department i^farni, now addition), . . 9.391 05 

Pauper Deixirtnient ^ house oflal) 15,245 05 I.S24 61 

Pauper Department ^truant school), .... 3-124 62 

Police Department 104.509 95 690 38 

Salaries, 24,641 66 

School Department 278,956 69 

School Houses 82,731 64 32,602 08 

Sewers (^construction) 71,734 28 28,566 14 

Sewers construction (^ special order, 1S88'), , . 51,211 42 30,678 80 

Sewers construction (^ order July 1, 1889), . . 10,332 59 

Sewers (maintenance), 14.731 38 1.313 62 

Sinking Fund (general debt) 23,500 00 

Sinking F'unds, jier order City Council, . . . 3,000 00 

Street Construction, 26,611 07 22,002 03 

Water Works (^new supply) ■ . 2,658 16 

Water Works (cofistruction) 53,982 91 5, 161 50 

Water Works (maintenance ), 59.876 02 ^ 

Interest on Water Loan, 41.988 00 ^ 37.529 69 

Sinking F"unds, per order City Council, . . . 900 00 ) 

Totals, $1,567,760 78 $211,032 24 

Expenditures of 1880, $1,333,410.82, against $1,567,760.78, 1890; balance unexpended 
1889, $114,664.75, against $211,032.24 tor 1S90. 



28 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



Worcester has three daily newspaper and ^^^^^^^^^Z 
future, several weekly punrah an t^'" o^ thre n« ^^^^y , ^^^^_^.^^^ ^^^^ 

Sr-nts'lSy^pe n/a -.niversity tow,,, the educational facilities 




U S POST OFFICE AND COURT HOUSE. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



29 



incorporated 1887 ; College of the Holy Cross, founded 1843 '> Massachusetts 
State Normal School, founded 1874; Worcester Academy, incorporated 1834; 
Worcester Polytechnic Institute, founded 1868. Students in all of these have 
access to all the privileges of the Free Public Library (recently enlarged by the 
erection of a handsome and commodious new ^73,000 building) ; of the Ameri- 
can Antiquarian Society ; of the Worcester County Mechanics Association ; of the 
Worcester Natural History Society ; of the Worcester Society of Antiquity, and 
many large and valuable private libraries and art collections. 

BANKS AND BANKING. 

It is stated on good authority that the savings banks of Worcester hold 
deposits of nearly $23,000,000. Of National banks there are seven, as fol- 
lows : 



BANKS. 



CAPITAL STOCK. 



Quinsigamond National, 
City National, .... 
Worcester National, 
Citizens National, . . . 
Central National, . . . 
Mechanics National, 
First National, .... 

Totals, 



$250,000 00 
400,000 00 
500,000 00 
150,000 00 
300,000 00 
350,000 00 
300,000 00 



$2,250,000 00 



ASSETS AND 
LIABILITIES. 



$1,032,667 28 
2,008,984 74 

1,855,731 86 

SJ'^^'SiS 34 

1,492,492 22 

1,282,918 09 

2,858,059 23 



$11,109,368 76 



Clearing-house transactions for 1890, $60,048,318. 

FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY. 

Toward the close of the year 1859 the late Dr. John Green and the Lyce- 
um and Library Association offered to give, upon certain conditions, to the city 
of Worcester libraries containing respectively 7000 and 4500 volumes, to form 
the nucleus of a public library. The offer was accepted by the city government, 
and an ordinance establishing the Free Public Library was passed December 23 
of the same year. The library was opened to the public in the Worcester Bank 
block, Foster street, April 30, i860. In accordance with a stipulation made in 
the deed by which Dr. Green transferred his books to the city, the latter bought 
from Hon. Emory Washburn a lot of land on Elm street, at an expense of 
$5042, and began the erection of a library building. The corner-stone of that 
building, which is the older of the two buildings now occupied by the library, was 
laid July 4, i860 ; it was completed in 1861 at a cost, including the lot, of about 
$30,000, and thrown open to the public September 4 of that year. That build- 
ing having become filled with books and having ceased to afford room enough 
to the readers and students who wished to iise it, the city bought in 1889 an 
estate adjoining the library lot on the east for $35,000, and in the summer of 
1888 began to put up a new building. That building was opened to the public 
April I, 1 89 1. When a few items of expenditures, contemplated, shall have 
been made, the building will have cost about $100,000, exclusive of the land 
and furniture. 



30 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



At the start the Ubrary contained 11,500 volumes. December i, 1890, the 
date of the last annual report, it had 81,425 volumes, divided among the differ- 
ent departments as follows : Green, or Reference Library, 22,942 ; Intermediate 
Department, 21,287 ; Circulating Department, 37,196. 

The books have been selected with especial reference to ihe needs of resi- 
dents of Worcester, and the library, therefore, while well supplied with works in 
the different branches of knowleclge, is particularly rich in the dejiartments of 
chemistry, physics, mechanics and the fine and industrial arts. According to the 
first annual report of the library, 31,454 volumes were used by frequenters in the 
eight months covered by the report. During the last year, which ended No- 




free PUBLIC LIBRARY BUILDINGS. 

vember 30, 1890, 185,123 volumes were either taken to the homes of residents 
or used within the library building. The aim in the library is to establish pleas- 
ant personal relations between the frequenters of the library and its officers, and 
all persons having questions to ask, answers to which may be found in books, are 
cordially welcomed, encouraged to ask questions, and sympathetically aided in 
getting answers to them. There were used 57,782 volumes during the last year 
by persons seeking information within the library building. The library has 
become distinguished for the value and efficiency of the aid which it has ren- 
dered to the teachers and scholars of the public and p'rivate schools of Worces- 
ter. A reading room was founded in connection with the library in 1865. It 
contains 300 reviews, magazines and papers. 

Dr. Green died in 1865, and left by will :>30,ooo to the library, mainly to 
endow his department of it. Gne provision of the becpiest is that one-quarter 
of the income shall be added to the principal every year. The Green Library 
Fund amounted November 30, 1890, to ^44,223. Hon. George F. Hoar raised 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 3 1 

by subscription $10,000 or $11,000, which constitutes a reading-room fund, the 
income of which is used in paying annual dues for reviews, magazines and papers. 
The expenditures of the last library year were $23,951. The income was as fol- 
lows : City appropriation, $16,496 ; dog license money, $4273 ; income from Green 
library fund, $1647 '> income from reading room fund, $493 ; receipts from fines, 
etc., $585. December 8, 1872, the reading-rooms and library for purposes of 
reference were thrown oi)en to the public on Sunday. The Free Pubhc Library 
was the first public library in New England to open its doors on Sunday. Dur- 
ing the last twelve years 134.77 persons, on an average, have used the library 
annually on that day of the week. 

The librarians have been: Zephaniah Baker, February 17, i860, to January 
14, 1 87 1, and Samuel Swett Green since January 15, 187 1. Mr. Green belongs 
to the progressive school of librarians, and is a prominent member of the Amer- 
ican Library .Association. He has originated and introduced new methods in 
library management, and is the author of several treatises upon subjects pertain- 
ing to his occupation. The office hours of the librarian are 10 a. m. to i p. m., 
3 to 6 p. M. ; Sundays, 3 to 5 p. m. The circulating department is open for the 
delivery and return of books from 9 a. m. to 8 p. m. ; Saturday, open until 9 
p. M. The upper reading-room and the Green library room are open from 9 a. m. 
to 9 p. .M. ; the lower reading-room from 8 a. m. to 9.30 p. m. Sunday, both 
reading-rooms are open from 2 to 9 p. m. The reading-rooms and the library 
for purposes of reference are open every day in the year. The circulating de- 
partment is closed Sunday and legal holidays. The books of that department 
can be taken to their homes freely by residents who have reached the age of fif- 
teen years, and in some cases by younger persons. Books belonging to the 
intermediate department can be taken out under certain conditions. Books in 
the reference department which were given to the library by Dr. Green, or which 
have been bought with the income of the Green library fund, can only be used 
in the library building. Every facility is afforded there, however, for their use. 
The books of the Worcester District Medical Society are kept in the Free Pub- 
lic Library building, and may be consulted on the same easy conditions which 
prevail in regard to the use of the Green library. 

The successive presidents of the Board of Directors have been Hon. 
Alexander H. Bullock, Hon. William W. Rice, Hon. Stephen Salisbury, Hon. 
George F. Hoar, Hon. Thomas L. Nelson, Hon. Peter C. Bacon, J. Evarts 
Greene, Escp, Rev. Dr. William R. Huntington, Hon. Francis H. Dewey and 
Hon. Francis A. Gaskill. Following are the names of the present Board of Di- 
rectors : John O. Marble, A. George Bullock, Edward B. Glasgow, Edwin T. 
Marble, Philip L. Moen, Burton W. Potter, Edward L Comins, Waldo Lincoln, 
Samuel Winslow, Everett J. Bardwell, Thomas J. Conaty, George M. Woodward. 
Mr. A. George Bullock is president of the board, and Mr. Edward L Comins 
secretary. 

Y. M. C. A. BUn.DL\G. 

This handsome edifice, constructed of pressed brick and brown stone, was 
erected in 1887, upon a lot 60 feet front on Pearl and Elm streets and extend- 
ing through 1 90 feet fropn one thoroughfare to the other, with principal entrance 
adjoining the Public Library on Elm street. Total cost of building and lot, 
$145,000 ; of furnishings, $10,000, making $155,000 in all, of which $55,000 is 
secured by mortgage on the property. The building fund was started by a young 
man named Albert H. Brooks, who, being about to die, left the Association his 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



savings bank book, from which was reahzed Six 0.25. To this was added ^^loo 
subscriptions, in amounts from 25 cents to 525,000 — the highest, of which there 




VOUNO MEN S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION BUILDING. 

was but one. There was one Sio.ooo, several S5000, and sixteen of i^iooo or 
over. The fund was known, and deser\-edly so, as "the popular fund." The 



INLAND MASSACHUSETIS ILLUSTRATED. 33 

building contains a beautiful hall which will seat looo persons, a fine gymnasium, 
with running track, 23 1-2 lai)s to the mile ; excellent bathing focilities, commo- 
dious reading room, attractive parlors, class rooms, social rooms, and everything 
else calculated to carry on a live, aggressive work. The rentals give an income 
of $6000, the membership $6000 more, and $3000 is raised by subscription. 
The attendance averages about 4000 daily, and the gospel meetings have an 
average attendance of 250 young men, which is an increase of 200 per cent, 
above that while in rented quarters. 



THE PRESS. 



THE SI>^• 



The Massachi/sc/fs S/^y dates as a weekly from 1770, and was published for 
some years in Boston, but on the outbreak of revolutionary hostilities in 1775 
was removed to Worcester as a precaution against suppression or confiscation at 
the hands of the pjritish. There were at the timxC many wealthy and influential 
tories here, but the energetic and fiery i)atriotism of the Spy's editorials, inspired 
by the subsequently celebrated Isaiah Thomas, the publisher, soon awakened the 
insurrectionary element, who expelled the loyalists and then turned their atten- 
tion to aiding in the war for independence, at the close of which Mr. Thomas 
was made postmaster, while retaining his interest in the paper, which had then be- 
come one of the most influential and prosperous in New England. It has during its 
long career since that period supported in turn as an organ the principles of the 
Federal, Whig, Native American and RepubUcan parties, has maintained an uni- 
formly consistent attitude of opposition to the democratic idea, and has advo- 
cated at all times and under all changes of political nomenclature what it believes 
to be a correct policy of protection to American industry through high tariff 
laws. Eminently respectable, conservative and courteous, the Spy enjoys the 
warm support of the wealthy and cultured class, and is a profitable business 
venture as well as a powerful engine for the advancement of partisan views and 
the encouragement of certain business interests, the logical calmness with which 
living ([uestions are discussed attracting and persuading instead of repelling and 
exasperating opposition. Full Associated Press telegraphic reports are published 
daily ; proper attention is given to the news of the city, county and State, and 
the advertising patronage is excellent. The daily Worcester Spy is a neat eight- 
page six- column (juarto usually, though occasionally enlarged to ten or twelve 
pages of seven columns. The weekly edition — the Massacliusetts Spy — consists 
of eight, ten or twelve seven-column pages, and circulates all over New luigland 
and some middle and western States. 

WORCESTER EVENING GAZETTE. 

In the year 1801 was established here the National .Egis, organ of the 
Jeffersonian, or, as then failed, the Republican party. It was a remarkably in- 
fluential paper, honest and fearless. Identified with its editorial direction at 
various times were several of the ablest and most honored of Worcester's citi- 
zens, among them Levi Lincoln, who became the first mayor of the city in 1848. 
When the original Republican party dissolved, and the Whig and Democratic 



34 



INLAND MASSACIR'SF.TIS ILLUSTRATED. 



]X"irtios wore org:ini/oil, true to its principles, the . /(s,'v.*" t^'^st its lot \vitli the latter, 
but lost some ground by reason o( the change in popular sentiment \\\xm the sub- 
ject of the tarilT. A dailv edition, the Tni//srri/>/, was started in 1S45, which 
was atUMwaiil made a N\'hig pajicr, the nauic changed to T/w Gttzc//t\ and the 
wecklv edition rcchri^tciicd the . /V/V <///,/ (/"(/Of'/A-. unilcr which title it is still 



R:,/ 



^' ^ ^••^\i■J^V^.-•M^l' 



:* 





• ^.-^"-v > j^ f\ 



/** 




11 



TOWKK, lAKK \UW IWKK. 

issued. Charles 11. Hoc Cv; Co. have owned .uul iniblished both daily and weekly 
since 1869. '^'^^^ '^ cannot be disputed that as a tiresiile and home newspaper of 
temperate tone and decided though moderately expressed views upon all matters 
in which the community is interested, the Jvrr-fiific Clicr/Ze- in particular has a 
f;\r-reaching and salutary iniluence, while its circulation — principally in the quiet 
homes of the people — is extremely large in proportion to the city's population. 
Openly and tVankly Republican in politics, it is not in any sense an organ, nor 
does it indulge, upon the one hand, in senseless denunciation of political oppo- 
nents, nor, upon the other, in concealment or apology for the tanks of political 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 35 

friends. In local affairs it is emphatically non-partisan and has the respect ami 
enjoys the patronage of the masses of all shades of opinion. Primarily a 
newspaper, the Gazelle owns franchises in both the Associated and United Press, 
and places an account of the world's occurrences before its readers ordinarily 
twelve or fourteen hours earlier than do its rivals. Cienerally it consists of eight 
six-column pages of telegraphic and local news, interesting general reading, edi- 
torials and advertisements, but twelve pages and more are not infrcf|uent. Two 
or three editions are j^rinted on c fast jjerfecting press from stereotype plates 
every afternoon except Sunrlay. 

THE TELEGRAM. 

The Worcester Sinuiay 'f' /<\:^/'ii;i btg;in publication in November, 1884, 
Austin P. Cristy being its founder ajid owner. Within a year from its first 
issue it reached a larger circulation th.in any other paper in Worcester county. 
It has many times been increased in size, and its present circulation is claimed 
to be larger than the combined circulation of all other Worcester papers, the 
Daily Telegram alone excepted. 

'I'he Daily Telegrain is the outgrowth of the progress and prosperity of the 
Sunday Telegram, and issued its first eriition in May, 1886. At the end of its 
first year it had passed al.l other Worcester dailies in circulation, and it now 
claims a larger circulation than all other Worcester dailies combined. Both 
publications have been consjiicuously forttmate in avoiding the financial embar- 
rassments that often cripple newsjjaper ventures, and the steady progress of 
both has already accumulated an unsurpassed mechanical outfit and a volume of 
business that is the wonder of the newspaper fraternity. The number of men 
constantly employed in all dejjartments of the Telegram has grown from three, 
in November, 1884, to between seventy and eighty. 

The features of the Telegram are its adherence to the principles of the Re- 
publican party, its alertness in gathering and distributing news, and its aggressive 
opposition to the lifjuor trade. l5oth j)apers are now owned by a stock com- 
pany, of which ,'\. P. Cristy is president and treasurer. 

i.ioH'r. 

The New \'ork Jomnalisl of April 12, 1890, paid the following warm but 
deserved tribute to Worcester's recognized literary organ : 

" Three years ago Mr. Nathaniel C. Fowler, jr., well known in Massachusetts 
press circles, started Worcester Liglil, in which were shown unmistakable marks 
of his originality and newspajjer experience. Worcester peojjle were surprised, but 
they grasped the situation and the new paper instantaneously, and at the end of 
the month the support was so generous that the the new paper was more than 
paying expenses, a success unheard of in the history of starting new newspapers 
in this country. The success of IJghl is due to three things : First, the best 
family field in the country ; second, the best conducted local pajjer of its class 
anywhere ; third, indomitable push and energy, with marked originality. Light 
covers the clean side of Worcester completely, and besides gives its readers many 
pages of choice literary matter, and other reading especially interesting to the 
household. It is a home paper, always clean and pure, and ever bright, enter- 
taining and instructive." 

Mr. Alfred S. Roe attends to the editorial department. Light has as regular 
contributors the best writers in Worcester. Light's staff is one of the strongest, 
and everything considered, it is easy to believe the statement made by the 
publishers, that Light has a bona fide sale of as many papers as any of the old- 
established weekly papers of Boston. Worcester people are proud oi Lights 



REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES. 



LEADING MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS, BANKING AND INSUR- 
ANCE INSTITUTIONS OF WORCESTER. 



IN the series of descriptive articles that follow we have endeavored to make 
concise and appropriate mention of every prominent, well-established, and 
deserving business house in Worcester, for it is to their capital, industry, energy, 
and enterprise that the city is indebted for its material prosperity and widespread 
fame. We have made room for those only whose reputation is beyond sus- 
picion, and if any have failed of representation it is not because of bias or neglect 
upon the part of the editors and publishers. 

With the utmost confidence we commend each and all to the good will and 
patronage of the entire country and of foreign buyers. Progressive, liberal, of 
sterling business and personal character, this is the kind of men upon whom de- 
pends the continued prosperity not only of this community but of the Common- 
wealth and of the nation at large. 



WASHBURN" & MOEN MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



Philip L. Moen, President and Treasurer; Charles F. Washburn, Vice-President and 
Secretary; P. W. Moen, Assistant Treasurer and General Superintendent; 
Charles G. Washburn, Assistant Secretary and Counsel —Manufacturers of Iron, 
Steel and Coppsr Wires of Every Description — Capital $1,500,000 — North Works 
on Grove Street, and South Works at Quinsigamond. 

Prefatory lo a sketch of the rise and progress of this great leading concern, a brief glance 
at the early history of wire manufacturing may not be out of place. It is not known where or 
by wliom the inchistry was originated, but from reliable records it is learned that as late as 1810 
tlie entire KngHsh output did not exceed one tour-horse wagon-load — say about three tons — per 
week, the appliances and machinery being of the most primitive description. Pioneer Worces- 
ter hardware dealers imported what wire was needed in small cjuantities from England. Soon 
after the Revohition wire-drawing on a limited scale was begun at Walpole, Norfolk county, 
by Eleazur Smith, and as early as 1809 hand-drawn wire was made at Leicester, this county. 
In 181 3 Joseph White of West Boylston, this county, engaged in the same business, and in 
1814 other enterprising men started small wire works at.Phillipston and at Barre, on the Ware 
river. Prior to 181 5, stimulatt;d proliably by the scarcity growing out of the second war with 
Great Britain, some one, name unknown, established a factory on what is now Leicester street. 
New Worcester, where the Goes wrench works stand. From 1815 to 1820 wire was also man- 
ufactured at Spencer, Worcester county. Not a vestige of these early enterprises remains. 

This brings us to the founding of the Washburn & Moen Manufacturing Gompany. In 1820 
Ichal)od Washl)urn and William H. Howard formed a copartnership for the purpose of manufac- 
turing woolen machinery. Mr. Howard soon afterward retired, Mr. Washl)urn Iniying his in- 




in 
O 

Q 
Z 
O 

<; 

a 
3 



o 

o 



u 
o 



CO 






INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 39 

terest and forming a new firm with Hriijaniin (loddard as iiis associate. The winter of 1830-31 
they occujiied a wooden building on Scliool street, and ex]ieriniented witli niacliinery for making 
wood screws. Later in 1S31 tliey removed to Northviile an<l look possession of a wooden 
Iniilding on Grove street, to which, in conjunclion with (leneral Heard, they induced the Reads 
of North rrovidence to remove thoir wooden screw factory. I lere they remained until January, 
1835, when the firm dissolved, Mr. (Joddard remaining and continuing the manufacture of 
woolen machinery, while Mr. Washburn engaged in the manufacture of wire exclusively, in a 
three-story brick building, 40x80 feet, erected lor him on Mill brook ( the site of the )iresent 
North works) by Stejihen Salisbury, senior, the dam constructed at the time forming what is 
•still known as Salisbury pond. The same year — 1835 — Mr. Washburn's brother Charles, a 
member of the Maine bar, came to Worcester, and a copartnership was formed that lasted for 
three years, Charles retiring in 1838. In 1840 Ichabod Washburn, who had prospered in his 
-undertakings, jiurchased the South Worcester land and water power and erected the ])resent 
works ol the Worcester Wire Comjiany. This mill he placed in charge of his former partner, 
Mr. (joddard, who managed it up to the time of his dealh in 1867. Charles Washburn again 
became a member of the firm. 

With 1847 came a new era in the wire manufacturing busini;ss. The telegraph had passed 
from the experimental to the jiractical stage, and lines were l)eing extended in every direction, 
causing a vast increase in the demand, which Mr. Washbvn'n was one of the first to provide for. 
The wire used was No. 9 .Stubs' gauge up to 1859, and was not galvanized, ]iainting or boiling 
in oil being resorted to as a jireventive of oxidation. l'"rom 1837 to 1847 all of the iron bil- 
lets used by Mr. Washburn for making wire and rods were purchased in .Sweden; they were 
twelve feet long, one and one-eighth inches s(|uare, and were rolled into wires at 'I'roy, N. Y., 
l'"all River, Mass., and Windsor Locks, Conn. 

In 1847 the Washliurns bought the Lincoln family property at Quinsigamond, now the 
■South works of the company; the firm of Washburn, Moen & Co. (Henry S. NNashbvnii, ('has. 
Washburn and Philip L. Moen) was organized, a complete new mill was erected, and the 
business of rod-rolling and wire-drawing was established on a large scale, [anuary 12, 1849, 
the firm dissolved, Mr. Henry .S. Washburn becoming sole proprietor. On the first of the same 
month the copartnership lietvveen I. and C. \N'ashburn was terminated, and in the partition the 
wire mills fell to Ichaboil, Charles accepting the ownership of the (Quinsigamond works. April 
I, 1850, Mr. Philip L. Moen, who had been one of the firm in the Quinsigamond plant, was 
■admitted to a copartnership with Mr. Ichabod Wasliburn, and from that day to this has been 
identified with the house. As above noted, H. S. & Charles V. Washburn were engaged in the 
rolling mill business at (^)uinsigamond from the beginning of 1853. In i8i;6 this firm added to 
their [iremises aone-story building, 15c feet front, with two i5o-foi)t wings, between which was a 
hoop rolling-mill building 30x60 feet. .\t that time they employed eighty-five hands, three 
water wheels and steam aggregating 100 horse-power, produced ten tons per day, and transact- 
ed a business of $300,000 a year. By mutual agreement the copartnership was dissolved in 
1857, and on May I of the same year Messrs. Charles and Charles F. Washburn and ("harles 
Washburn iv: .Son assumed ]iro]irietorshi|) of the (^)uinsigamond mill. Henry S. Washburn erect- 
ed a new wire factory in the rear of the Western (now Boston iV Albany) freight-house, and 
■continued business alone. 

In 1859 I. Washburn & Co. were making twelve tons per day of rods and wire at the 
Grove street mill, giving employment to 120 hands. The Quinsigamond mill of C. Washburn cS: 
Son was Inirned November, 1862. In 1863 Messrs. Washburn iSc Moen erected a cotton mill 
for the manufacture of crinoline yarns, which was run for ten years, turning out four tons daily. 
While controlling the rod and wire mills at (kove street and South Worcester in 1864, this firm 
owned no rolling mill, confining their operations to the working of iron and cast steel of various 
■grades. Bessemer and open-hearth steels were not then known. January 2, 1865, the firm re- 
organized as a company, under the style of the I. Washburn ilv: Moen Wire Works, for the man- 
ufacture of wire and wire rods; capital $500,000. November 27, 1866, the concern was incor- 
porated as the Washburn & Moen Wire Works, for the manufacture of wire and wire rods and 
■cotton goods; capital $600,000. July 7, 1867, the .South Worcester mill was burned. Busi- 
ness, however, was prosecuted as usual at the Grove street mill, and in March, 1868, the new 
mill at .South Worcester was occupied. 

TiiK I'KESKNT Company. 

' February 24, 186S, was effected a consolidation of the Washburn & Moen Wire Works and 
the Quinsigamond Iron and Wire Works under one management. The name chosen was the 
" Washburn & Moen Manufacturing Company." Under the act of incorporation the capital 
was fixed at one million dollars, with the jirivilege of increasing the sanie to one and a-half mil- 
lions, which increase was assumed May 2(3, 1869. In the autumn of 1869 they built their first 
rolling-mill on Grove street — a so-called "continuous" mill of English origin in the essential 
features with certain American improvements. The culminalion of Bessemer's ex]ierimenls, the 



40 INLAND MASSACHL'SEnS ILLUSTRATED. 

steel that liears his name, perfected in 1S76, completely revolutionized the processes and pro- 
ducts of wire manufacturers, substituting for iron and the old-fashioned steel a better and cheaper 
material for most purposes, and giving a wondertul impetus to the barbed wire fencing industry, 
then in its infancy. Some idea of the stimulus given to this style of fencing by the inven- 
tion named may be obtained from government statistics, from which it appears that in 1871, 
with thirtv-seven States, the original cost of the old-tashioned wooden tences had reached 
$1,747,^40.933. 'Ti'l tile annual expense of repairs was $93,063,187. Since then wire has been 
substituted generally tor new and largely tor old tences, and the saving to the tarmers aggregates 
about $4,500,000 per annum. Barbed wire possesses many and obvious advantages over all 
other materials for this purpose, among which iTiay be specified — i. It takes up no space: 2. It 
does not exhaust the soil; 3. It does not shade vegetation; 4. It is proof against all large ani- 
mals and high winds; 5. It makes no snow drifts; 6. It afl'ords no reluge for noxious weeds, 
brush, bushes or wild grass; and 7. It is both cheap and durable, easily and rapidly construct- 
ed by any one. 

The attention of the Washburn i\: Moen Manufacturing Company having been directed to 
barbed wire in the spring of 1S76, they became impressed with its value and were in the midst 
of experiments looking to its economical production when the first turnace tor making Bessemer 
steel was put into successful operation and the problem of material was solved. Control of the 
barbed wire patents was acquired, automatic machinery devised, constructed and patented, and 
in a short time the company was tully enlisted in the new industry. Improvements succeeded 
each other rapidly, and in order to protect itself and its business this company has purchased 
and utilized more than two hundred and filty patents upon barbed wire and barbed w ire machin- 
erv. The output of all the mills in this country has grown tVom five tons in 1874 to probably 
150,000 tons, or 850,000 miles, in 1890, of which 1 8, 000 tons — 100,000 miles — was made at 
these mills, the capacity being 426 miles, or seventy-five tons per day of ten hours. The cost to 
the consumers, by reason of cheaper wire and improvements in processes, has been reduced from 
eighteen cents per pound in 1874 to less than five cents in 1890. It is hardly necessary to state, 
in view of the tremendous advance of western development, more especially in t'arming, that 
the increase of the Washburn & Moen Manutacturing Company's business has been most marked 
since the introduction of barbed wire lor fencing. 'Ihis, however, is but one of many special- 
ties to which they devote attention, and their output of iron, steel, copper, brass, electro-plated 
and galvanized wires tor all purposes, bale ties, wire rope and wire nails, is simply enormous, 
the items of telegraph and telephone wires alone aggregating in value millions of dollars annual- 
ly. Early in his career Mr. Ichabod Washburn experimented largely and adopted improved 
processes for annealing and restoring to wire its soltness, ductility and strength when rendered 
hard and brittle by repeated drawings. In 1850 his attention was attracted to the making of 
steel \vire for piano-lortes, and at the suggestion of Mr. Chickering, the great Boston piano man- 
ufacturer, he experimented so successfully that the English music wire was driven out of the 
American market, leaving this establishment the only one on this side of the Atlantic that pro- 
duces this class of wire. 

The plant, comprising a great number of one, two, three, four and five-story buildings, a part 
of which are situated on Grove street, and the remainder at Quinsiganiond village, two miles 
south on the Blackstone river, embraces in all tw'enty-five acres of land. A description of the in- 
terior arrangements and equipments would simply weary the general reader. Suffice it to say 
that everv provision is made for the economizing of time, labor and material, and that turther 
improvement in that respect seems impossible. The machinery is driven by numerous steam en- 
gines, the aggregate being computed at 7,200 horse-power. Four thousand men are employed, 
and, nearly all being the heads of families, it is safe to state that not less than 16,000 people 
draw their support trom this establishment, much the largest wire-drawing and rod-rolling 
concern in the world, of which Worcester, Massachusetts and the entire countr)- may well 
lie proud. 

GEO. N. NEWHALL & CO., 



Manufacturers of Newhall's Heavy Team Rings, Breeching Loops, Trace Hooks and 
Bent Ball Top Hames and Dees — Manufacturers and Jobbers of Saddlery Hard- 
ware and Horse Clothing — Silver Plating to Order — No. 30 Exchange Street. 

The above caption gives a very lull outline of the business carried on by Mr. Geo. N. Newhall, 
under the style of Geo. N. Xewhall & Co. His salesroom. No. 30 Exchange street, is hand- 
.soniely appointed and completely stocked, 20x100 teet in dimensions, with workshop ol like size 
in rear, wdiere seven men are constantly employed. The appliances are of the best, as are the 
commodities produced, and sales range from $50,000 to $75,000 per annum. His trade — a 
general jobbing — extends principally over the New England States, Mr. Newhall being widely 
known and poyiular in this community. He served with honor in the civil war, is a member of 
the G. .\. K., and has filled every chair in the Knights of Honor. 



INLAND MASSACHUSEllS ILLUSTKAT ED. 

WOKCESTER NATIONAL BANK. 



41 



Stephen Salisbury, President; J. P. Hamilton, Cashier; Capital Stock, $500,000; 

Surplus, $200,000 — No. 9 Foster St. 

Tlic Worcester National is tlie iliieet successor ol' the Worcester .State Bank, incorporated 
Marcli 7, 1S04, and, counting troni that event, is one of the oldest financial concerns in the 
State. The reorganization under the National l)anking act occurreil in 1864, and May 
9 ol" that year the charter was receivec' and the tloors reopened under improved ^auspices. It is 
almost supererogatory to recount the history ot" the old ^^"orcester Bank, and_\\itli the above 
glance at the more salient points 
we proceed to speak ot" the 
institution as it is. 

The hanking lunise is an 
appropriate home tor the hank 
itself — sijuare, substantial, de- 
void of meretricious ornament, 
suggestive of solid character and 
unpretentious worth. (_)ur cut 
gives a tolerably fair idea of its 
general appearance. Tlie execu- 
tive officers are nanieil in our 

ption. President Salisbury anil 
Cashier Hamilton rank well 
among New England financiers", 
ancl their services are in constant 
demand. The tormer is also 
president of the Worcester 
County Institution for Savings, 
and the latter a member of the 
board of managers of the 
People's Savings Bank. The 
board of directors of the Wor- 
cester National is exceptionally 
strong, and embraces such noted 
names as those of President 

Salisbury, Josiah H. Clarke, A. _ ^ _ 

George Bullock, Jonas CI. Clark, ' 

Charles A. Chase, Lincoln N. Kinnicutt, Edward L. Davis and Cashier Hamilton. A general 
banking business is transacted, including deposits of corporations, firms and individuals, loans 
and discounts, foreign and domestic exchange, collections on all accessible points, etc., the bank 
having as correspondents the Nati(Mial Park and Hanover National of New York and the 
National Exchange Bank of Boston. Subjoined is the latest official statement to the Comjitroller 
of the Currencv, which bears evidence to tlie flourisliing contlition of this model institution: 




RESOURCES. 



...fi. 



Loans and discounts 

0\erJrafts. secured and unsecured 

V. S. bonds to secure circulation 

U. S. bonds on hand ■ 

Stocks and securities 

Due from approved reserve agents 

Due from other National banl<s 

Banking- house, furniture and fixtures... 

Current expenses and taxes paid 

Checks and other cash items 

Exchanges for clearing house 

Bills of other banks 

Fractional paper currency, nickels and 
cents 

Specie 

Legal tender notes 

U. S. certificates of deposit for leg^al ten- 
ders 

Redemption fund with U, S. treasurer (5 
per cent, of circulation) 

Due from U. S. Treasurer, other than 5 
per cent, redemption fund 

Total 3 



358 


136 
721 


55 
67 


5° 


000 


00 


I 


000 


00 


137,040 


00 


99 


204 


39 


30 


595 


45 


40 


oco 


00 


2 S03 

4.930 
4.190 
S648 


17 
08 
46 
00 




309 


09 


Sf' 


792 


00 


26 


III 


00 


20,000 


00 


2 


,250 


00 


1 


000 


00 


855 


731 


86 



LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock paid in 

Surplus fund 

Undivided profits 

National bank notes outstand 
Di\ idends unpaid 

Indi\ idual deposits subject to 
Demand certificates of deposi 
Due to other National banks 



ing. . . 

check, 
t 



i$500,coo 00 

200 000 00 

55 684 01 

45 000 00 

21 00 

9^17 285 32 

25 099 32 

62 042 2t 



T;)ta' |i 855731 86 



42 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



THE STATE MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE COIMPANY, OF WOR- 
CESTER, MASS. 



A. G. Bullock, President; Thos. H. Gage, M. D., Vice-President; Henry M. Witter, 
Secretary; J. D. E. Jones, Superintendent of Agencies — Home Office, No. 240 
Main Street. 

A home institution of which every citizen of Worcester has reason to feel proud is the State 
Mutual Life Assurance Company, organized in 1846 and granted a perpetual charter by the 
Legislature, with a provision to the effect that a guarantee capital of $100,000 should be car- 
ried. At the expiration of twenty years the plan of operations was made purely mutual, the 
stock was retired, and the policy-holders, owning the assets, became the company, managing its 
affairs through officers selected by themselves. The forty-fifth annual report, dated January, 
1891, contains some interesting figures, which we transfer to our pages, showing the progress 
and present condition of the institution: 





GROWTH. 




^'ear. 


Policies in force. 


Ins. in force. 


1881 


4,845 


$10,819,729 


1882 


5,165 . 


12,016,345 


188; 


5,711 


14,162,113 


1884 


6,242 


15,832.144 


1885 


7,020 


18,367,467 


1886 


7,Q02 


20,968,635 


1887 


' 8,797 


23.387,840 


1888 


9,826 


26,665,185 


1889 


11,007 


30,476,430 


iSqo 


12,380 


35.017,951 



Income. 

$459,412.55 

501,068.39 

610,887.49 

744,716.91 

914.910.96 

987,879.46 

1.101,240. 32 

1,257,684.22 

1,444,387.46 

1,161,163.13 

The gain for the year last named is exhil)ited thus: 

POLICIES. 



ANNUAL INCOME. 

Premiums. 
330 680.65 
382.870 83 
467.136 52 
572.129 55 
694,554 84 
798,339.66 
898 116.26 

i.o33>523 31 
1.189,975 28 
1,374-276 02 



Interest, Rent, etc. 
128 731 90 
118,197.56 

143 750.97 
172,587 36 
220,356.12 
189.539 80 
203,124 06 
224.160.91 
242 827 38 
286,887 II 



In force December 31, i8qo, 
1889, 



12,380 
11,007 



INSURANCE. 

$35,017,951.00 
30,476,430.00 



Gain, 

No better evidence of the conservatism and 



$4,541,521.00 
characterizes the administration 



1,375 

wisdom that 

could be desired than is furnished by these brief but comprehensive tables. Under the non- 
forfeiture law of Massachusetts every policy issued by this company, on which two or more an- 
nual premiums have been paid, is good for a proportionate part of the sum named in the policy. 
The amount to which the insured is entitled is defined and his right thereto protected by the 
statute. No action on his part is necessary to secure his rights. He has only to leave his pol- 
icy to the operation of the law, which law is a pledge of the Commonwealth that his rights shall 
not be compromised or his property be confiscated. Under this law every policy-holder may 
know for himself, without inquiring of the company or consulting an actuary, the amount for 
which he is insured, if at any time he discontinues the payment of premiums. The assets of the 
company are in excess of its liabilities — $1,165 fo*' every $1,000, under the rigid four 
per cent, standard of Massachusetts. It issues life policies, payable at death only; endowment 
policies, payable after a designated term of years, or at death it prior to the end of such term; 
and life rate endowment policies issued at all insurable ages, and payable between the ages of 
75 and 81, or at death if prior, and in each instance affords the holder the option of paying for 
it in a single lump sum or by equal annual payments, either for a term of years or for life. The 
largest risk on a inale life is $20,000; on a female $2,500; the smallest on any lil'e, $1,000. All 
death claims are paid on receipt and approval of proots; endowments on expiration ol term, and 
litigation is avoided when possible. 

Hon. John Davis, Governor and United States Senator, was the first president, serving from 
1846 to 1853, when he died and was succeeded by Hon. Isaac Davis. The latter died in 1882. 
after twenty-nine years of service, whereupoii ex-Governor Alex. H. Bullock was chosen, but 
passed away within ten days. Hon. P. L. Moeii acted in the capacity of president in the inter- 
val prior to the election of A. G. Bullock in January, 1883. Mr. Bullock is a son of ex- 
Governor Bullock, a native of Enfield, Conn., born June 2, 1847, a Harvard alumnus, and a 
member of the Worcester bar. A prominent business man and connected with various social 
and literary associations, he is widely known and po]iular. The Insitrainc Times says of him: 
" He has an enviable record. Under liis administration the State Mutual has made definite 
and steady progress. In eight years he has increased the insurance in force from $14,162,000 
to $35,017,951; the assets from $3,000,000 to $6,396,572.16; the annual income from $500,- 
000 to $1,661,163; the annual disbursements to policy-holders from $261,000 to $607,390,69. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 43 

* 

Always a strong company, Mr. Bullock brought it up abreast of the times and made it progres- 
sive and prosperous." 

The company's home office is a handsome four-story granite front structure, 40x60 feet, at 
No. 240 Main street, the interior finished in fine woods and plate glass, the arrangements per- 
fect, and the conveniences of all kinds complete. Here may be seen, every working day, 
twenty busy clerks, and in the private office the president, the secretary, the actuary, the super- 
intendent of the hundreds of agencies, and the medical directors, Drs. Thomas H. Gage and 
Albert Wood. The board of directors embraces many of the leading citizens and capitalists of 
Worcester and Worcester county, as follows: A. G. Bullock, P. L. Moen, Thomas II. Gage, 
E. B. Stoddard, T. W. Hammond, S. Salisbury, Wm. E. Starr, Aug. N. Currier, W. H. Jour- 
dan, Geo. F. Hoar, Albert NNdod, Henry M. Witter, Thomas L. Nelson, Josiah H. Clarke and 
Frank A. Gaskill of ^^'orcester, and Chas. A. Denny of Leicester. 



THE STATE SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY. 



A. G. Bullock, President; H. M. Witter, Secretary; Halleck Bartlett, Manager — In- 
surance Building, No. 240 Main Street — Company Incorporated 1888. 

The officers of this company are mjn of approved character and responsibility, President Bullock 
and Secretary Witter sustaining respectively the same relations toward the famous old State Mutual 
Life Assurance Company. The vaults, forming an extension of the last-named company's fine 
building, No. 240 Main street, are massive and constructed in the most substantial manner from 
special plans, thoroughly fire and burglar-proof, provided with the latest improvements in safes, 
doors, locks, etc., built above ground, well-lighted, and constantly under the eye of watchful 
guardians, night and day. The safes, easily accessible to depositors only — each of whom car- 
ries his own key — are of various sizes to suit the requirements of patrons, and are rented at very 
reasonable rates ranging from $5 upward. Here may be stored, with absolute assurance of 
safety, every description of valuable paiiers, securities, jewehy, diamonds, etc., and the same 
may be reclaimed at any lime without the trouljle of asking. 

A commodious storage vault, fire-proof and otherwise secured, adjoins, where families or 
individuals may store trunks, boxes, or other packages of valuable clothing, furs, silver and 
pictures, while absent from the city for the season or for any other reason. 



METROPOLITAN STOEAGE WAREROOMS. 



Household Furniture and Merchandise Storage — Furniture and Other Goods Skill- 
fully Packed for Moving or Shipment — James H. Dickie, No. 6 Barton Place. 

Mr. James H. Dickie, an experienced handler of household goods, for twelve years with a 
leading Worcester furniture house, Christmas, 1889, established a storage warehouse at the corner of 
Southbridge and Beacon streets, but ere long discovered that he could not find room there for all 
the goods offered him. In September last he secured the old Worcester Light Artillery armory 
building, four stories, 50x70 feet. No. 6 Barton place, which he refitted throughout with com- 
partments provided with locks and keys and other improvements for the convenience of patrons 
and the safety of their goods, each lot being kept separate from all others, and none but the 
owners having access to them. The entire place is kept neat and clean; no fire is permitted 
about the premises, and the fire patrol station is next door. Rates are very moderate. Parties 
who contemplate removal from one portion of the city to another or to distant points will find it 
profitable to secure Mr. Dickie's services in packing the more fragile and valuable articles of fur- 
niture, such as mirrors, pictures, pianos, organs, etc. Barton place runs west from Main street 
between Pleasant and Chatham. 



THE CURTIS MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



Albert Curtis, President and Treasurer ; C. G. Stratton, Secretary — Manufacturers of 

Woolen Goods — Webster Street. 

The venerable Albert Curtis, now president and treasurer of the company, founded this noted 
enterprise in 1835, when, wifh limited means but boundless energy and sagacity, he began the 
manufacture of woolens on a small scale as compared to the present output of the mills devel- 
oped from his early venture. At the age of eighty-four he still participates in the business man- 
agement, presiding over the destinies of the concern with all of his old-time spirit and looking 
.after the finances in a careful, methodical manner that attests a mind still strong and healthy. 



44 



INLAND jSIASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



As now constituted the company was incorporated with $100,000 capital in 1880, and is one of 
the best representatives of that particular industry in this vicinity. The main building is of 
brick, three stories and basement, 50x100 feet, with which is connected a three-story-and-base- 
ment brick structure, 36x70 feet, with an L 25x50 feet, and several smaller brick and wooden 
buildings at the rear. The mill is what is termed a nine-set plant, completely equipped and 
provided with both water and steam power, a fine forty-horse engine supplying the latter. From 
one JiiDidrcii and h^'ciity-five to one hundred and fifty people work in the mill, and the output,. 
c|uite large and emliracing every description of domestic woolen dress goods, is distributed to the 
trade in all parts of the country through C. G. Ross & Co. of New York, James Talcott of New 
York, and \Yernwheg & Dawson of New York and Philadelphia. 



J. J. WARREN COMPANY. 




J. J. Warren, President; John M. Warren, Treasurer; Walter F. Davi- 
son, Secretary — Manufacturers of Fine Leather and Canvas Goods 
of Every Description — Warren Building, Washington Square. 

The uses to which leather is put are infinite. Aside from harness, saddlery, 
footwear, belting for machinery, and military equipments, this material is utilized 
on a grand scale in the manufacture of a great variety of every-day requisites and conveniences 
for home and travel, such as dressing-cases, collar and cuff boxes, toilet rolls, music rolls, port- 
folios, straps and belts, cases for manicure sets, fire-arms, medicines, musical instruments, 

samples, etc. Canvas is also largely employed for 
kindred purposes, chiefly in the making of valises, 
sample cases, extension cases, light trunks, gun 
cases, shooting jackets aud belts. Among the largest 
manufacturers of leather and canvas goods in this- 
country is the J. J. Warren Company of this city, 
incorporated as the Harrall Manufacturing Company 
in 1883, capital $20,000. For four years the Inisiness- 
was prosecuted in Boston, at the expiration of which 
time the concern was removed to Worcester and 
reorganized under the present style. The plant is- 
located in the \Yarren building, at \Yashington 
square, opposite the Union passenger station. The 
three upper stories of the building, aftbrding 18,000 
square feet of floorage, are used for the factory, 
which is fitted up with every appliance that ingenuity 
can devise to facilitate operations. In all departments 
— designing, cutting, stitching, finishing and packing 
— about sixty hands are employed, most of whom are 
experts, as the producing of the various fine articles 
furnished by this concern requires much artistic skill 
and experience. A large proportion of the finest 
work is necessarily done by hand, but many very 
ingenious and effective machines are brought into 
service, with the aid of which large quantities of goods are turned out in 
short space of time. Five traveling sales- 
men represent the house in New England, 
the middle, western and southern States, and 
transactions embrace the entire country, 
extending even to principal points in Canada, 
the company maintaining branch offices at 
the corner of Washington and Winter 
streets, Boston; New York, Denver, and 
San Francisco. Beautifully illustrated cata- 
logues and price-lists are supplied on appli- 
cation. A specialty is made in Sample Cases 
and work of any description to order at short 
notice. The Messrs. Warren are residents of 
Worcester, and Secretary Davison is from 
Hinsdale, Mass. All are active, earnest busi- 
ness men, and give their undivided personal 
attention to this enterprise. 




urpnsnigl 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



45 



THE WORCESTER MAGAZINE AIR RIFLE. 



Manufactured by The Worcester Magazine Air Rifle Co. — J. J. Warren Company, 
Agents, Warren Building, Washington Square. 

The American boy of to-day, whatever his position in life, t'eels that he has not yet a complete 
outfit if he does not possess a rifle or a pistol. Unfortunately, such as have been made in the 
past and called toys have been dangerous to both the owner and his friends or playmates, and 
too many young men are to be seen who have been injured, more or less seriously, by a shot 




from or tlie Inu'sting of these so-called harmless toys. Within the 
jjast tew years, however, the air gun has been lirouglit into use, 
and with these the operator is secured against any explosion of the 
piece, yet they were all too expensive for any but the wealthy, and 
were still dangerous to those who might stand in the way of the shot. Now both parents and boys 
■will be glad to know that the Worcester Magazine Air Rifle Company have perfected and are 
making a new air gun, which competent judges pronounce superior to all others yet produced, 
and which, because of its excellence and moderate cost, must cjuickiy become popular. This 
gun, which contains all the best improvements known, is what its name implies — a magazine 
rifle, but such an one ! One hundred charges can be placed in the magazine at one time, and 
fired off almost as quickly as the marksman chooses. All that is necessary to load the rifle is to 
lower a lever and return it to its proper position in the stock, which is liut the work of a moment. 
By an ingenious contrivance — something like that of the slot machine — one ball is separated 
from the rest and put in position during this simple action, the whole being automatic. Then 
the cost is nominal, for the cost of the whole one hundred rounds of good-sized duck-shot is only 
one cent. But besides this, it has been demonstrated that while the rifle will carry t'rom 2co to 
300 yards, and with accuracy for 35 to 40 yards, it is not a death-dealing weapon, for the shot 
propelled from it will not pass through the skin of a human being. Some excellent practice 
has been made with this rifle, and a good marksman will be satisfied with it. Indoor amusement 
at this rate is cheap and attended with but little danger. The rifle is made of steel and iron, 
and almost the whole of the piece is nickel-plated, making it a very handsome present for Voung 
America. It is gotten up with taste, and is really a thing of beauty, as the cut shows. In 
length, the rifle is 33 inches, and the unusual length of the barrel gives it precision in shooting. 
One great item to be taken into consideration is the cost of the rifle, which is not more than half 
that of the so-called best makes hitherto in existence. Although the "Worcester Magazine Air 
Rifle" has only just been introduced, the makers have already received orders for several 
thousand. 



C. H. DRAPER, 



Livery, Feed and Truck Stable- 



-Furniture and Piano Moving a Specialty- 
Main Street. 



-No. 161 



Among the best equipped and most accommodating of Worcester's numerous livery stable 
men is Mr. C. H. Draper, of No. 161 Main street, who has been catering to tiie wants of the 
public in the way of horses and wheeled vehicles since 1878, when he started in the l)usiness on 
Lincoln street. He removed in 1885 to his present stand, where, with stables, barns and sheds 
covering a Cjuarter of an acre adjacent to Lincoln square depot, fitted up with all possible con- 
veniences, including telephone, a great variety of elegant single and double carriages, Iniggies, 
etc., and a stud of thirty fine horses, he is better prepared than ever to serve the public. Sixteen 
attentive and experienced men are connected with the establishment, and careful, polite and 
well-informed drivers are furnished when desired by strangers and others wishing a pleasant 
jaunt through the city, the suburbs, or the country in any direction. 

In addition to his general livery equipment Mr.. Draper is jirovided with heavy draught 
horses and trucks, gives personal attention to trucking and freighting, and makes a specialty of 
furniture and piano-moving. Passengers and baggage are also transferred to and trom all trains 
and all points in the city and environs. Prompt service and reasonable prices is his motto, and 
patrons may depend upon courtesy and upright dealing. 

Mr. Draper, a native of Spencer, is widely known as an honorable business man of large ex- 
perience in his special line. An Oddfellow, Knight of Pythias and O. A. R. man, he is popu- 
lar with all classes. 



46 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

J. S. WHEELER & CO., 



Manufacturers of Iron Planers — No. 23 Hermon Street. 

On the opposite page is illustrated the famous Wheeler planer, built in Worcester by the old 
and reputable house of J. S. Wheeler & Co., and in general use throughout the United States, 
Canada and Europe. These planers are pronounced, by competent mechanics, unequaled in 
point of neatness, economy and eftectiveness, convenience, rapid working and durability. This 
house was established in 1S67. About 1878, Mr. Wheeler became sole proprietor, retaining the 




^ 






original name and style, and continues to transact a large and prosperous business, occupying 
one floor, 50 x 120 feet, well fitted up with machinery and steam power, and employing twenty-frve 
skilled mechanics. Formerly a great variety of machinery and "special tools were made here, 
but of late Mr. Wheeler has confined his attention exclusivelv to the manufacture of the iron 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



47 



planers above referred to, ami has recently made many changes in the design of the machine 
and introduced many improvements, for which there are several applications for patents now 
pending. He is a practical and experienced machinist, a native of Fitchhurg, and has resided 
in Worcester for the past forty-seven years. An honest man and a good citizen, he enjoys the 
confidence and regard of all who know him. 



BELL CLOTHING COMPANY. 



C. F. Pharaoh, Manager — Dealers in Ready-Made and Custom Clothing and Gentle- 
men's Furnishings — No. 32 Front St. 

The art of clothing the multitude well and cheaply has been brought to extraordinary 
perfection of late years, more especially in New England, where the trade is in the hands of 
men of taste and experience, and where competition, while honorable for the most part, is yet 
active and conducted on close margins, much to the advantage of the consumer. The latest 
addition to the Worcester clothing trade, and one of the most popular and promising, is the 
Bell Clothing Companv, establishedin the spring of 1890 by Mr. C. F. Pharaoh, formerly of the Star 
Clothing Company, of which he was one of the founders. Mr. Pharaoh at first occupied a 
handsome store in the Chase block on Front street, and was already building up a flourishing 
business when, on the first of May, he formed a copartnership witli Mr. J. A. Courtemanche, 
likewise an experienced and successful clothing 
merchant, and the new firm at once secured the 
great salesroom No. 32 Front street, 25 x 135 
feet, which they proceeded to remotlel in superb 
style, putting in an entirely new front, including, 
immense plate glass show-windows and iloors, 
numerous costly counters, shelving, show-cases, 
cash carriers and all modern improvements. 
Their stock, vastly reinforced direct from the 
manufacturers and enlarged by additions in all 
departments, was gradually removed to the new 
stand, tastily and conveniently arranged, and, 
finally, on the evening of June 6, the opening 
occurred. The Telegram of the 5th referred to 
the event as follows: "The windows were 
filled with styhsh suits and niatle all the more 
attractive by a huge bell of vari-colored flowers 
that hung suspended from the ceiling, the gift 
conjointly of Cleorge H. drant of J. B. Parnaby 
& Co., Providence; Joel Feder of Stern, Falk 
& Co., New York, and W. A. Wetherbee of 
Schattman Bros., New York, who were present 
at the opening in company with Seth H. Ingra- 
ham of ilawley, Folsom & Romulus, Boston; J. 
.Schattman of Schattman Bros., and Louis 

Strauss of Leopold, Morse & Co., Boston. Inside, everything usual to well-stocked houses of 
the kind was tbund, also a full line of men's furnishings and hats. Potted jilants and flowers 
artistically arranged added to the attractiveness of the scene, vshich was turther enhanced by 
music l)y Bemis's orchestra of seven pieces, stationed in one corner of the store. Despite the 
inclement weather, the house was packed with sightseers, who received as souvenirs ot the 
occasion handsome lithograph cards and natty working caps, distributed by six business-like 
clerks." The custom department receives special attention, and orders are made up and trimmed 
at the celebrated Oak Hall tailoring establishment, Boston, and George Snow & Co. of Dover. 
Stocks are complete, and embrace every article of men's, boys' and children's wear in infinite 
variety, all novelties in styles and materials being received and put on sale as soon as introduced 
in the New York market. In every respect this is a model clothing house, and buyers ol every 
nationality will be made at home, there being nine polite salesmen speaking English, French, 
German, Italian, Scandinavian, Spanish and other tpngues. Mr. George Taylor, an accom- 
plished artist, presides ove.r the custom department, and patrons may depend upon good 
workmanship and perfect style and fit. Messrs. Pharaoh and Courtemanche are courteous 
gentlemen and thoroughly acquainted with all the details of the trade. Mr. Charles F. Pharaoh, 
the manager, as before stnteil, was formerly connected with a leading concern here, and with J. 
B. Barnaby & Co. of Providence, R. I., llie most extensive clothing house in New England — 
now the J. B. Barnaby Company — maintaining great stores all over the east and west as tar as 
Kansas City. Mr. Courtemanche was long connected with the great Canadian house ot 
Carhalter & Carpenter. 




48 



IXLAXD jNIASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



KNOWLES LOOM WORKS. 




C. H. Hutchins, President and 
Treasurer; F. P. Knowles, 
Vice President; H. H. Mer- 
riam. Secretary; Geo. F. 
Hutchins, General Superin- 
tendent-Builders of Open 
Shed Fancy Looms, Looms 
for Worsteds, Woolens, 
Silks, Cottons, Velvets, Car- 
pets, Upholstery, Draperies, 
Tapes, Ribbons and Sus- 
penders, and every Variety 
of Weaving Machinery — 
Cor. Grand and Tainter Sts. 

riiis superb industrial L-stablish- 
ment — next to the wire works 
the most important and influential 
of those which have made the 
names of Worcester antl Massa- 
chusetts famous throughout the 
civilized world — was founded by 
two brothers who, bred to diligent 
labor and denied the early advan- 
tages of advanced education, 
nevertheless achieveil, through 
dint of application and energy, 
combined with natural inventive 
talent and business tact, results 
which, in their eflect upon com- 
merce and manufactures of textiles, 
can be I'airiy characterized as 
stupendous. Koth were born 
upon a farm in tile town of Hard- 
wick, NN'orcester county — Lucius 
I. Knowles, Julv 2, 1S19, Francis 



182: 



The 



B., November 29, 
elder, at the age of fourteen, 
began an academic course of three 
years, and, at seventeen, engaged 
as clerk in a .*>hrewsbury village 
store, becoming a partner two 
vears later. Previous to leaving 
home lie lind exercised his 
mechanical genius in the construc- 
tion of various original machines, 
and, on engaging in mercantile 
business, he devoted all of his 
spare time to the same pursuits, 
experimenting with reed instru- 
ments, steam engines, etc., and, 
at length, completed a working 
model of the now famous Knowles 
safetv steam boiler feeii regulator. 
Retiring tVom mercantile pursuits 
in.iS40, he became interested in 
and constructed one or more elec- 
tric motors, and then engageil in 
the study and development of 
photography, which art he pur- 
sued until 1844, when, having 
invented a spooling machine, he 
locatetl at New Worcester as a 
thread manut'acturer. He next, 
in 1847, removed to and started 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 49 

ii cottcin warp mill at Spencer, which he ahaiuloned two years later and went to Warren. P'roni 
1853 to i860 he manufactured woolen goods, during that period securing two patents tor looms 
and one tor an improved pumping engine valve. In 1862 he started machine shops tor the 
manutacture ot his patent teed regulator, and, in 1863, began building his steam pumps. In 
copartnership with his l)r(ither, Francis B., the same year he began the construction ot' looms at 
^^^^rren. In 1866 the firm removed to Worcester, where, with a small force of expert 
workmen, they occupiedunpretentious sh(.>psin .-Xllen court, whence they removed in 1870 to the 
{then considered) monster shops at the Junction, about one-third of a mile west of which stands 
the magnificent plant we illustrate, and which is described further along. Mr. L. J. Knowles, 
unostentatious and retiring though he was, could not escape his share of public honors and 
burdens. He received from \Mlliams College the honorary degree of master of arts in 1869, 
served two terms in the House of Representatives and one in the Senate, and also sat in the 
Common Council of 1873. He was conspicuous in business circles, and filled many jiositions of 
trust in connection with banking, insurance, educational and commercial institutions. Mr. 
Knowles died suddenly of neuralgia of the heart while on a visit to the National capital, 
February 25, 1884. 

Francis B. Knowles began life lor himself at the age of seventeen, with the same ecjuipment — 
•common school and academic training. He taught one term in 'the Dana public school, and, 
in 1842, accepted a like position at Cloversville, N. V., where, for a time, he continued the 
work of teaching, but subsequently became a traveling salesman in the glove trade, in which 
he was so successful that April i, 1845, he engaged in the manufacture of buckskin gloves, and 
later in the clothing liusiness, which he continued until the formation of the Knowles Brothers 
copartnership in 1863, after which his business lil'e was identified therewith. He was married 
.twice — in 1845 to Ann Eliza Pool and in 1867 to Hester A. Green, the latter surviving him. 
After the death of his brother the business was continued Under the firm name of L. J. Knowles 
& Brother until January, 1885, when it was made into a companv of which Mr. F. B. Knowles 
was president until his own death, which also occurred in Washington City, May 15, i8go. He 
was active and liberal in the cause of religion, and one of the founders of the Plymouth Congre- 
gational church. For some years past he made Florida his winter home, owning large bodies 
of land, orange groves, etc., in that .State, and being interested in the Seminole Hotel and 
Rollins College at Winter Park, and president and principal stockholder of the Winter Park 
Company. It was during the last year of his life that the new works of the Knowles Loom 
Company were planned and erected. 

The Buildings. 

The buildings, carefully planned by the celebrated Boston mill engineering firm of Lockwood, 
Greene & Co., are two in number, separated by a 60-foot yard, and extend eastward trom 
Grand street, between Tainter street and the Boston & Albany railroad tracks, a distance of 521 
feet. The eastern portion — the machine shops proper — is of lour stories, fiat roof, fronting 221 
feet on Crand and 251 feet on Tainter street, 212 feet on the railroail and 218 feet on the cen- 
tral yard. It is constructed in the form of a hollow square, with court in the center, and each 
floor afiords 40,000 square feet of area. C)n the Grand and Tainter streets corner of the ground 
floor is the general otifice, and, adjoining that, the shipping office. At the corner of Tainter 
street and the yard is the time-keeper's otifice, and in the rear of that, fronting the yard, the 
engine and boiler rooms, chimney, elevator and stair tower. Other stairs are provided at the 
northeastern and southeastern corners of the central court. The heating and ventilating appli- 
ances, of the most approved style, adjoin the boiler and engine rooms, a complete system ot 
pipes and registers extending to all parts of the building, while a fan of immense proportions 
will supply fresh air in abundance when rec|uireil. The machine shop is on the second floor, the 
woodworking shop, draughting and pattern rooms and storage for sujiplies on the third, and the 
setting-up and testing rooms on the fourth. 

The loundry building, east of the dividing vard, is 180 x 224 feet in area, one story, with 
monitor roof. Projecting westward, at the north and south sides, are wings, that on the north 
fitted up with sixteen forges, and that on the south with appliances for cleaning castings, sand- 
pits and annealing ajiparatus. The I'orge shop has 3,600 and the cleaning shop 2,000 square 
feet of floorage. A two-story jirojection of the loundry, the upper floor of which is used lor 
general storage purposes, connects th,' forge and cleaning shops with the main loundry, 
pres.inting a superficial area of 30,000 s(]uare feet. The entire (ilant is of brick and granite, 
constructed in the most substantial manner, and on a gigantic scale ( already the largest plant 
for the manufacture of fancy looms in the United States), notwithstanding which large aiMitions 
are in conlemjilation. 

A description of the working facilities would hardly enlighten the general reader. .Suffice it to 
say that they comprehend everything that can be utilized to advantage, that about 1,000 men 
are employed, and that from twelve to fifteen looms, complete, are produceil daily, embracing 
every description of weaving machinery. This establishment supplies only the American market, 



50 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



Hutchinson, Hollingsworth & Co. of Dohcross, Eiigland, manufacturing, under the Knowles 
patents, for foreign trade. The output has doubled during the past five years, and still the 
demand increases. The Knowles Loom Works is a close corporation, capital $300,000, and 
most of the stock is held by members of the family and its connections. President C. H. 
Hutchins is a son-in-law and Vice-President F. P. Knowles a son of the late F. B. Knowles. 



JOHN G. JEFPERDS, 



Manufacturer of and Dealer in Fertilizers, Tallow, Poultry Feed, Broken and Ground 

Glues — 'Works at Quinsigamond. 

Mr. Jefferds, a native of the Cireen Mountain State, w ho served two years in the war for the 
Union and retired with the rank of sergeant-major, estalilislied himself at Quinsigamond — 
Worcester's principal southeastern suburb — in 1874, and by the exercise of energy, sagacity and 
integrity, has built up a flourishing business in the manufacture and sale of tertilizers, tallow. 




poultry feed and glues. His premises comprise five substantial two-story frame buildings, 
respectively 40 x 80, 25 x 40, 30 x 30, 20 x 40 and 30 x 42 feet in superficial area, some of 
which are fitted up with grinding, mixing and rendering appliances, boiler and engine, and the 
others utilized for packing and storage purposes. Twenty hands are employed, and the annual 
product approximates 1,200,000 pounds of tallow, 300 to 400 tons of animal fertilizers, 60,000 
to 75,000 pounds of broken and ground glues, and 50 tons of superior poultry food — the latter 
put up in convenient packages and sold throughout New England. His sales are st.^adily 
increasing. 



MACULLAR & SON, 



Clothiers and Custom Tailors — Nos. 372 and 374 Main Street. 

This is a branch of the famous old Boston house of Macullar, Williams & Parker, established 
many years ago and succeeded by Macullar, Parker & Co. — the latter one of the most reputable 
business concerns in the modern Athens. Mr. A. Macullar remains at the head of the home es- 
tablishment, while his son, Mr. F. R. Macullar, has charge here — a position for which he is well 
fitted by temperament and previous training. 

The Worcester store is one of the most attractive in tlic cily, 30x90 feet, richly and tastelully 
appointed, and superbly stocked with a line of men's, youths" and boys' ready-made fine clothing, ■ 
such as is carried only by the most exclusive class of clothiers. Commanding the confidence and 
patronage of the best people of town and country, it is hardly necessary to say that goods are sold 
entirely upon the irmerits, that no exaggeration or misrepresentation is permitted, and that the one- 
price system rules — the lowest consistent with good fabrics, stylish cut and first-class workmanship 
and finish. In connection with the salesroom is an extensive and well-conducted custom-tailoring 
department, stocked at all seasons with the choicest imported and domestic fabrics, wdiere those 
who prefer may leave their orders for garments in the full assurance of a perfect fit, the best pos- 
sible material, trimmings and finish, and style equal to that of any firNt-class house in Boston or 
New York, an artist cutter standing ready at all times to serve discrimiiuiting patrons. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



Sr 



WORCESTER CORSET COMPANY. 



The Worcester Corset Company — D. H. Fanning, President; F. W. Ruggles, Treas- 
urer — Manufacturers of the Royal Worcester W C C Corsets — Office and 
Factory, Cor. Hermon and Beacon Sts. ; Retail Store, No. 328 Main St. 

The Royal Worcester. \N' C C corsets are universal favorites vvitli American ladies. The 
Worcester Corset Ccffipany, established in 1861, from small and unpretentious beginnings has 
steadily advanced on the line of improvement and development until it now stands at the head 
in the production of strictly fine corsets. Experts unhesitatingly pronounce this brand of corsets 
unsurpassed by any other made on either side of the Atlantic. These corsets combine 
the very best material and the highest artistic and mechanical skill in their construction, 





'^^M^fU %ijdi'i^k4 '^^¥^'^m-i 



points of superiority which have always in the past, and will ever continue to distinguish 
this company's goods, which are formed upon the latest and most perfect models, exquis.tely 
finished and fully warranted. They are made of a single thickness of light, strong fabrics, 
serges, silks, satins and pongees forming the basis of the higher grades; an inside linen f and 
gives ample strength to the waist line; thus the minimum of weight and the maximum of flexi- 
bility and strength are secured. In a word, they are a boon to woman; and, being made in 
more than one hundred styles, each designated by a number, any figure or taste may be readily 
suited. The trade-marks, together with the style number, are indelibly printed on the inside of 
all genuine 




W&M 'MS &mefJ^ 



Medals and diplomas have been awarded the products of this company by juries ot 
expositions wherever exhibited. In the spring of 1888 an act of incorporation was secured; 
capital, $125,000, which was in May, 1889, increased to $200,000. For many years the works 
were situated at Nos. 564 and 566 Main street, but the accommodations at last becoming 
insufficient, they were removed in January, 1890, to the present location, corner Beacon 
and Hernion streets, and the retail store to No. 328 Main street. Four floors, aggregating 
over 50,000 square feet, are devoted to the work-rooms and office. A description of the 
various ilepartments would prove tedious with no resulting advantage to the reader. 
Suffice it to say that the processes are reduced to an exact system; splendid light 
and ventilation are provided; the latest and best machinery furnished, and a myriad of 
bright-eyed, industrious girls is employed, under the direction of experienced and skillful 
superintendents and forewomen. The Main street store is a favorite shopping place for ladies 
resident or visiting in Worcester in search of corsets, waists, neckwear, underwear, laces, 
and notions generally — the most complete store of its kind in New England. The custom depart- 
ment is also here, and many patrons leave their orders for corsets to measure. The company's- 
New York office is at No. 454 Broadway. The Chicago salesroom was recently removed to the 
fine new building Nos. 260 and 262 P'ifth avenue. 



52 



INLAND ^lASSACHL'SElTS ILLUSTRATED. 

DARLING BROTHERS. 



Contractors and Builders — Office. Mill and Shops, E. Worcester St. 

Perhaps no firm in New England, in any department of industrial enterprise, has made such 
rapid strides of late years toward celebrity and success on a grand scale as have Darling 
Brothers, contractors and builders, of this city. Up to the autumn of 1886 they had confined 
their attention to small local contracts, involving limited capital and the employment of few men, 
but. having been awanled the contract lor building the Norwich & Worcester freight house on 
Southbridge street, they suddenlv shook oft their previous apparent indifterence and went in to 
make a reputation, in which eft'ort they succeeded so well that other large contracts soon fol- 
lowed and were executed promptly and satisfactorily, among the most notable being the 

Polytechnic Institute instrument house, the monster 
Knowles loom works, and tiie elegant new Worcester 
V theater. They have recentlv completed a beautiful new 

Baptist church on Pleasant street and a working plant for 
themselves on East Worcester street, the latter consisting 
of two two-story frame structures — office, mill and shops, 
31 X 113 feet, and engine and dry-house, 28 x 44 teet. 
The firm erected a number of fine buildings at other 
points the past year, among them a fire-proof brick and 
brownstone City hall and memorial building, a granite 
Union Congregational church (.^■(V tV/.^'.-r/tv//^') costing 
$80,000, and two large granite trimmed brick business 
blocks at Rockville. Conn. They have now under way a 
State Normal school building, to cost $102,900, at 
Bridgewater, and another lor the same purpose, to cost 
$93,529, at Westfield: a $42,775 bank building at Fall 
River, and another, at Providence, to cost $95,484, in 
addition to which thev are at work upon the new 
fire-proof Bristol County court-house at Fall River — 
contract price. $116.000 — and upon a $64,435 granite 
church at \\akefield, Mass. They have recently broken 
ground for and will push to completion the (.irady memorial 
hospital at Atlanta. Ga., for which they were awarded 
the contract at $64,012. The)- recently completed two fire-proof buildings for the Government 
armory at Springfield, and have secured the contract lor a third, to cost $106,950. A $35,000 
engine-house at Cottage Farms for the B. & A. railroad company completes the list of Darling 
Brothers' pending contracts and those completed during last year. Their finished business for 
18S9 aggregated $500,000; tiiat, for 1890, including contracts made, will not fall short of 
$750,000. They have employed 726 hands the past year, and liave increased the number verj' 
considerably with the opening of the present season. A notable feature of Darling Brothers' 
tacilities is the ownership of eighty acres of the celebrated Milford pink granite quarries, whence 
they are enabled to procure any required quantity of that most beautiful and desirable material, 
their works at that place being equipped in the best manner and employing seventy-five men in 
quarrying and cutting. Messrs. Daniel W. and Jasper T. Darling entered the Union army at 
the ages of sixteen and eighteen respectively. Discharged from the service in 1S65. tiiey 
became apprentices and later journeymen carpenters, subsequently forming a copartnership, 
which still continues. They nwe all of their success to enterprise, industry and the faithful 
P-'rtormance of every agreement. 




PATSTON" & LINCOLN. 



J. William Patston and Charles H. Lincoln — Architects — Chase Building. No. 44 

Front Street, Room 55. 

This business was established in 18S5 bv Mr. Patston, who came here from Providence, R. 
I., where he had followed his profession for several years, and earned for himself an excellent 
reputation as a skillet! architect, being engaged on several buildings of merit in that city and 
neighborhood. Since he has been in Worcester opportunitv has frequentlv offered itself for 
this gentleman to display his skill, and lie has. while Iniilding up a good professional reputation, 
in every instance been able to please his clients. Mr. Lincoln, who is a Worcester man. is so 
well known for his artistic taste that it were almost superfluous to attempt to introduce liim to the 
people of Worcester. His knowledge of architecture enables him at all times to meet the ex- 
pressed desire of those who consult him. He became a member of the firm on October i, 1890, 
and the two gentlemen, with their practical ability, are competent to carry out any work which 
may be entrusted to them, while their clients may rely upon receiving prompt attention. 



1 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

HON. SAMUEL WINSLOW. 



53 



Hon. Samuel Winslow vv;is born, tlic son of Elcazcr R. W'inslow, in Newton, Mass., Feb- 
ruary 28, 1827, and is conseciuently in his sixty-fifth year. He is of rily;rim stock, descended 
from Kenehii, a brother of the celebrated (!ov. Winslow who came over in the Mayllower in 
1O20. Receiving a limited education in the Newton common schools, .Samuel \\'inslov\ set in 
to learn the machinist's trade, obtaining employment in an establishment making a specialty of 
cotton manufacturing machinery. Ingenious and industrious, his advancement was rapid, and 
ere attaining his majority he was foreman over fitly workmen. Coming to Worcester in April, 
1855, he and his brother, Seth C, formed a copartnership, established machine-shops, and 
]iros]iered, adding to their sjiecialties two years later the manufacture ol skates, in the form, ma- 
terial and construction of which they made many improvements. The brothers continued in 
business together until 1871, when, Seth having died, the surviving ]iartner made some changes 
and additic\ns to the plant and managed it on his individual account for about fifteen years. '1 he 
Samuel Wnislow .Skate Manufacturing Company, of which the founder retained contr(5l, was or- 
ganized in May, 18S6, and has done and is doing a flourishing business, supplying fine skates 
for the American, Canadian and European markets. The hantlsome and perfectly e(|uipped 
lactory on Mulberry street, since greatly enlarged, was erected in 1874. 

Mr. Winslow's business sagacity and interest in public affairs have more than once led his 
fellow-citizens to confer upon him distinguished political honors. He was electeil to the Com- 
mon Council in 1864-65, to the Legislature in 1873-74, to the board of Aldermen in 1885, antl 
to the mayoralty, terms of 1886-87-88 and "89. From 1868 to 1871 he was a trustee, from 1S84 
to 1886 vice-presiilent, and in i886 jiresiilent of the Worcester County Mechanics Association. 
Married in 1848 to Miss Mary W. Robbins, he has two sons, Frank E. and Sanuiel E., the lat- 
ter secretary of the skate company. 



THE SAMUEL WINSLOW SKATE M'P'G. COMPANY. 



Samuel Winslow, President and Treasurer; Samuel E. Winslow, Secretary- 
facturers of Ice and Roller Skates — Asylum Street. 



-Manu- 



Judging from what our reporter has observed, the world is supplietl with skates by Massa- 
chusetts manufacturers. At any rate it is conceded that the best skates are made in this State, 
Springfield and Worcester being the principal centers of the industry, while some idea of its ex- 




tent may l)e gathered from the fact that one factory here — that of the Samuel Winslow Skate 
Manufacturing Company on Asylum street — employs from 50 to 150 skilled workmen. The 
works were established in 1856. The present company was incorporated in 1886 with $50,000 
capital. President Samuel Winslow of the Citizens' National Bank accepting the presidency and 
his son Samuel E. the secretaryship. Both are Worcester men of prominence in business cir- 
cles, energetic, enterprising and successful. The skate factory occupies the four-story buildin;'- 



54 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

adjoining the Winslow & Curtis Machine Screw Company's establishment on Asylum street, 40 
feet wide by 307 feet long, another building five stories and 30 feet s(|uare, torniing an eil 30x50 
feet, two stories high, and is thoroughly ecjuipped throughout with appropriate machinery, 
driven by a 105-horse-power steam engine. Every description of late improved ice and roller 
skates are made here in immense numbers and are supplied to the trade throughout the world. 
They are beautiful goods in the most attractive styles, and popular and salable wherever intro- 
duced. 

Other leading specialties to which particular attention is given emlirace fine gear-cutting, 
high-grade press and punch work, polishing and nickel-plating, the facilities for doing which art 
unsurpassed. 



1 



THE WINSLOW & CURTIS MACHINE SCREW COMPANY. 



Manufacturers of Standard Machine Screws and All Kinds of Screw Machine Work 

— Asylum Street. 

Worcester is the principal centre of numerous industries, among wliich not the least import- 
ant is the manufacture of the better grades of machine screws, a leading house in this line lieing 
the Winslow iS: Curtis Machine Screw Company, established in 1888 by Messrs. Samuel E. 
Winslow and A. B. Curtis, the former a native of Worcester and secretary of the Winslow Skate 
Manufacturing Company, the latter born in Vermont and a skilled practical machinist. The 
present style was adopted in February, 1890. The works, employing twenty-five hands, are situ- 
ated on Asylum street, occupy two floors 38x110 feet, and are well equipped with machinery, 
steam power, and all facilities for turning out large quantities of superior work, including a com- 
prehensive. line of standard machine screws in all styles and some other specialties, one of which 
is the new envelope opener, patented August 21, 1888. It is simply a spring blade of proper 
length set in a frame so adjusted that when pressed downward it takes off just enough of the en- 
velope at one edge to open it without injury to the contents. This little machine needs only to 
be seen to be appreciated, and is exported to Germany in large numbers, the methodical people 
of that country recognizing its convenience and adopting it freely in government and private 
business offices. 

This new company is in a prosperous condition, having a large and growing trade at home 
and abroad, and will be compelled ere long to increase its facilities, sales already pressing close 
upon production. 



WORCESTER COUNTY INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS. 



Stephen Salisbury, President; Charles A. Chase, Treasurer; Charles F. Aldrich, Clerk 
of Corporation; Ed. B. Hamilton, General Accountant — No. 13 Foster St. 
The Worcester County Institution for Savings was incorporated on the Stii da)- of Feliruary, 
1828, and during a continuous existence of more than sixty-three years has ever proved true to 
the trust reposed in it by its many thousands of depositors, a monument to the upright methods 
of its administration, and a model of correct financiering. No patron has ever lost a dollar 
through any tault of the management; interest and dividends have been promptly met on 
demand, and with the lapse of years the institution has grown in favor, power and influence, 
until today it ranks with the few ancient fiduciary trusts of this country that have never suffered 
from serious permanent reverses or failed in the performance of the duties devolving upon them 
as custodians of the people's savings. How much good this grand old bank has done in the 
encouragement of thrifty habits among the struggling masses at home and the advancement of 
public and private improvement and development, by supplying the means necessary therefor, 
may never be known, but it is certain that successful legitimate enterprise has ample reason to 
thank the good providence that presides over the vaults of the institution. Deposits are received 
at any time in sums from $1.00 to $1,000, and draw interest from the first of January, April, 
July and October. January and July 15 are dividend days. The principal executive officers are 
named above. Messrs. Henry W. Miller, Albert Tolman and George- S. Howe are vice-presi- 
dents. Trustees — Joseph Mason, John D. Washburn, Edward L. Davis, Stephen Salisbury, 
George E. Francis, Wm. H. Jourdan, Thomas H. Gage, Josiah H. Clarke, Charles B. Pratt, A. 
Geo. Bullock, John W. Wetherell, Waldo Lincoln, George Chandler, Frank P. Goulding, 
Lincoln N. Kinnicutt, Jonas G. Clark, Charles F". Aldrich, Elisha D. Bufhngton, Samuel S. 
Green, Samuel C. Willis, jr., George W. Fisher, Leonard Wheeler, Ed. D. Thayer, jr., George 
F. Blake, jr. Board of Investment — Stephen Salisbury, Waldo Lincoln, Jonas G. Clark, Albert 
Tolman, A. Geo. Bullock. Board of Auditors — George E. Francis, George F. Blake, jr., 
George S. Howe. The bank occupies a portion of the Worcester National Bank building, Nos. 
9 to 13 Foster street. Number of depositors, 24,736; total deposits, $11,383,098.80.. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

WORCESTER CARPET COMPANY. 



55 



Wm. Jas. Hogg, Proprietor — Manufacturers of Wilton and Brussels Carpets — Mills 
and Office, Brussels St.; Salesroom, Cor. Broadway and Worth Sts., New York. 

Of all of Worcester's diversified industries none are more worthy of special attention than the 

manufacture of carpets as 
conducted by the Wor- 
cester Carpet Company. 
The enterprise is not, by 
any means, a new one, 
having been founded in 
1870 by the Crompton 
Carpet Company, under 
\shose competent man- 
i>:;ement it prospered 
until 1879, when Mr. 
N\m. Jas. Hogg, an 
Lxperienced practical car- 
] et weaver, purchased 
tht plant, and has since 
■^ULCesslully directed oper- 
itiuns under the name 
md style of the Worces- 
iLi Carpet Company. 
1 he mills and appurte- 
ninces, situated on Brus- 
sels street, comprise three 
thiee-story Imck build- 
nigs, two of which are 
bo X 120, the other 50.x 
100 feet, with which are 
( onnected several smaller 
stiuctures used as dye- 
houses, store rooms, etc. 
Ihe office, in front, is 
entirely separate, com- 
modious and elegantly 
fitted up. The mills, sub- 
substantial and handsome, 
lie equipped throughout 
with the latest improved 
wool-carding, spinning 
md weaving machinery, 
(iiiven partly by water 
and partly by a splendid 
325-horse-power steam 
engine. The operatives 
m all dei)artments num- 
ber 400, and the output, 
<. o m p r i s i n g the best 
^lades of Wilton and 
hiussels car]iets, is very 
luge and valuable. The 
popularity <>f the goods 
is shown by the fact that 
they are handled by the 
ti ide and purchased by 
Lonsumers in every 
village and town in the 
United States and the 
territories. The wools used here are imported expressly for the purpose, and all yarns employed 
in the manufacture of carpets are made on the premises. The mills are run to their full capacity 
the year round, and there is no accumulation of stock. The principal office is, as above stated, 
adjacent to the mills, but the general salesroom, for the convenience of the jobbing trade, is at 
the corner of Broadway and Worth street. New York city, where all orders should be sent. 




c;6 IN LAM) MASSACHUSETTS ILUISTRATED. 

CITIZENS NATIONAL BANK OF WORCESTER. 



Samuel Winslow, President; Henry S. Pratt, Vice-President; L. W. Hammond, 
Cashier — Capital Stock, $150,000 — No. 425 Main Street. 

Tills ;ililv iiianaLjcd and tlnurishini^ institution was organized and chartered as a Nation- 
al hank February I, 1865, its orii^inal incorporation as a Stale bank havint^ occurred April 9, 
iS^(). The results of the first twenty years under the new auspices were so satisfactory that the 
charter was extended for a like period, to expire on the first of February, 1905. The board of 
directors embraces, besides the president and cashier, already named, Messrs. Benj. W. Childs, 
Hamilton B. Fay, Henry S. I'ratt, George B. Buckingham and Fred W. Ward. From first to^ 
last the management of this bank has been distinguished for rectitude and conservatism, not un- 
mixed with lilicralitv of the most useful and eftective kind, as many a successl'ul business man 
whom it has assisted when in difficulty can attest. A like spirit has ever been evinced toward 
public enterprise of a sate and commendable kind, and lioth city and county are under obliga- 
tions for timely assistance at various times. 

The Citizens National does a general Vianking Vmsiness in all tliat the term implies, and 
stands ecjuipped and ready to serve the pulilic in the best manner in the matter of deposits, 
loans, discounts, exchange,' collections, etc. l)isct)unt day, Mondays. Condition of bank F\"b- 
ruary 26, 1S91 : 



RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts ^454, 295 37 

0\erdrafts. secured and unsecured 54 24 

L'. S. Bonds to secure circulation 50,00000 

Stocks, securities, claims, etc 30,00000 

Due from approved reserve agents 54.861 16 

Due from other National banks 445 32 

Current expenses and taxes paid 2.751 28 

Premiums on V . S. Bonds 3.000 00 

Checks and other cash items 6,26464 

Exchanges for clearing house 1..S65 09 

Bills of other lianks 2,866 00 

Fractional paper currency, nickels and 

cents i 12695 

Specie 21,57200 

Legal tender notes 3.955 00 

Redemption fund with L'. S. treasurer (5 

per cent, of circulation) 2,250 00 



Total .fDHi 



17 05 



LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock paid in $150,000 00 

Sjrpius fund 30,000 00 

Undivided pidlits 26.2S1 47 

National l-iank notes outstanding 45.000 00 

Dividends unpaid 209 00 

Individual deposits subject to check 362,958 72 

Due to other National banks 19,667 86 



Total $634, 



117 05 



BOSTON MARBLE AND GRANITE COMPANY, 



Monuments and Building Work in Marble, Granite, Brownstone, etc. — No. 53 Cen- 
tral Street— M. A. Murphy, President and Treasurer. 

The Boston Marble and Cranite Company was established in 1874, but lor reasons not nec- 
essary to >tatc was not incorporated until 1888, when the cash capital invested was fixed at 
$25,000 and Mr. .M. H. Murphy cho.sen president, to which have since been added the duties 
of treasurer. The wisdom of this choice is proven by the prosperity which has marked the 
company's career under Mr. Murphy's capable administration, much of the finest monumental and 
architectural stone-work in Worcester and other parts of New England having been designed, 
contracted for and executed under his supervision and direction. The company's office and 
salesroom are located at No. 53 Central street, and are handsomely fitted up, exhibiting numer- 
ous splenilid examples of fine art sculpture, imported and domestic. Adjoining are the shops 
and yards, covering 12,000 .square feet, conveniently and comfortably arranged and fitted up 
with sawing and polishing machinery driven by a' fine fifteen-horse-power steam engine. 
Twenty-five skilled stonecutters and assistants are regularly employed, and a vast amount of 
superioi- work is done in marble, granite, brown, and other varieties of stone, specialties being 
made of intricate and artistic designs for the construction of monuments and fine buildings. The 
attention ot architects, builders and designers of public and private monuments is invited to this 
company's excellent facilities. Bids are made and specifications faithtully fulfilled at reasonable 
prices, with artistic skill and without unnecessary delay. 

President ^Murphy, a native of Boston, is a trained practical sculptor and designer of genius 
and culture. He has resided in Worcester for some fil'tcen or sixteen years, and is an energetic, 
public-spirited citizen, widely known and popular. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED, 



57 



STEWART BOILER WORKS, 

Manufacturers of Steam Boilers, Penstocks, Tanks, and Plate Iron Work — Works, 
Albany and Muskeego Sts., on Line of the Boston & Albany and W^orcester & 
Shrewsbury Railroads, One-Half Mile East of the Union Station. 

Stewart & Dillon were' the founders of this house, starting in 1864 on Manchester street, 
removing, in 1866, to Cypress street. Mr. Dillon retired in 1869. The business was carried on 
alone by Charles Stewart till 1872, when Wni. Allen was admitted, and the firm changed to 



I 




i^ InS^fi^SffJ^lri^filS^^? 






^^^^r^^^^^^y^^s^^'^^i^^jm -f^^ -,„ =y nrMr^w^^^C 



1^^ '^,,:- ""■'"-'^tj-: 



Stewart & Allen, and, in 1878, to C. Stewart & Son — Charles and James C. Stewart. The 
elder Mr. Stewart withdrew in September, 1888, when the sons, James C, John C. and Charles 
M., formed the present firm, remaining at the old stand until September, 1889, when they 
removed to their new shops at Albany and Muskeego streets. The premises are quite com- 
modious, comprising one and one-half acres of land, a one-story wooclen structure, 60 x 165 
feet, engine and boiler room 30 feet square, and storage sheds. The main shop is completely 
equipped with the best modern machinery and tools. From thirty to fifty hands are employed, 
dependent upon the season, and a large amount of superior iron and steel plate work is done, 
the output embracing every description of steam boilers, penstocks, oil, water and dye tanks, 
and, in short, everything desired in riveted sheet and plate iron and steel. The repairing of 
steam boilers receives special attention, and parties wanting anything in their line will find 
everything as represented, and receive courteous treatment. The facilities are first-class and 
prices fair. 



WHITE, PEVEY & DEXTER COMPANY, 



Pork Packers — Putnam Lane, near Bloomingdale — Office and Store, No. 13 Bridge St. 

Naturally enough, the great export pork-packing centres are situated in the wild and woolly 
west, where corn is so cheap that it is used for fuel. Some people have a prejudice, however un- 
reasonable it may appear in the eyes of the big monopolists, against meat cured and prepared in 
a manner at least suspicious. Consequently New England hogs and hog products are steadily 
recovering their former prestige, and discriminating consumers in this part of the country will 
buy none other than meats prepared and cured at home. That the demand will continue to 
grow there can be no doubt, for it is a fact that the finest hogs raised in the United States are 
bred in Vermont, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, the meat more firm, sweet, juicy and 
healthy, and the lard clean and sound — such meat and lard as the old-time Yankee farmer 
knew how to raise, fatten, cure and render. 

The pork-])acking business, resumed in New England on a small scale more than twenty 
years ago, has received fresh impetus from the exposures of western methods developed of late, 
and those reputable houses hereabouts engaged in preparing meats for the home market are more 
prosperous than ever before. This is especially true of the White, Pevey & Dexter Company of 
this city, established in 1870, who have hitherto cut and cured a limited supply, but during the 



58 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



past two seasons found it impossilile with their restricted facilities to meet the rerjuirements of 
dealers'' and consumers. They therefore decided to enlarge, and in the spring of 1890 began 
the erection of new buildings, since occupied, one of which is entirely of Ijrick, four stories 
in height, 60x130 feet, the other brick and frame, one story, 80x100 feet. A spur track con- 
nects the premises with the Boston & Albany railroad, and the carcasses are moved from place 
to place by means of overhead tracks, wheels and hooks. Improved appliances and convenien- 
ces are provided for cutting, curing and smoking meats, manufacturing sausages and rendering 
pure lard, of which they make a specialty, and, on the whole, this is one of the most complete 
establishments of the kind in the East, scupulously neat and clean, and all processes conducted 
by careful skilled workmen (of whom there are one hundred) under the supervision of members 
of the firm, all of whom are experienced pork-packers. The meats cured here are unsur]iassed 
for sweetness and delicacy of flavor, and sjiecial attention is invited to the extra sugar-cured hams 
and the W., P. & I), brand of lard for which the house is justly famous. Mr. R. G. White is 
a Vermonter, K. 1'. I'evey from New Hamjishire, and E. C. Dexter a New Yorker. All are 
enterprising, liberal men, and have succeeded by honest, hard work. 



GEORGE BURNHAM & COMPANY. 



Frank Reed, Proprietor — Manufacturer of Patent Improved Hand and Power Upright 
Drills and Clamp Drills — No. 19 Hermon Street. 

Of all the a]ipliances of a first-class blacksmith-shop no single one is of greater value than 
liie upright drill, always presuming that that tool is of the best kind. Made in differing styles, 
the manufacturers claim, each for his own machine, points of superiority over all others, but it 
is often all a cpiestion for each buyer to settle for himself which is really the best. The concen- 
sus of opinion, however, seems to be in favor of the 
machine that does its work most rajiidly, most accu- 
rately and at the least expenditure of time, labor and 
money, and, this view being accepteil, there is excel- 
lent ground for believing the Burnhani patent im- 
proved upright drill at least equal to the best and 
superior to most of its rivals. 

Up to November i, 1889, the above-named drill 
in severar stylt?s was manufactured by George Burn- 
ham & Company, established in 1882. On that date 
Mr. Frank Reed, who for a short time previously had 
been associated with H. M. Wright, became sole pro- 
prietor and gave the concern new blood and a fresh 
impetus. The shops, situated in the building No. 15 
llermon street, have floor space aggregating 2,100 
square feet and are thoroughly equipped with appro- 
priate iron-working machinery driven by steam. Eight 
men are kept busy in the various departments and an 
extraordinary amount of excellent work is done, the 
specialties embracing a full line of Burnham drills in 
styles varying from No. o, to No. 8, in weight from 
85 to 380 pounds, and in price from $20 to $1 10. 
Of the advantages combined in these drills the fol- 
lowing are especially worthy of mention, viz: The 
Iced motion is positive and can be adjusted to four 
rates of speed; the feed levers are made of malleable 
iron and will not break. The grinding attachment is 
a solid emery wheel 5 inches diameter, 1-2 inch face, 
driven by friction from balance wheel; is brought into 
use by tightening of a thumb screw; it also provides 
an angular rest for grinding the drill bit correctly. 
Tile v\ heel hokler is for drilling tires without resting 
on the felloe, which is desirable in case of nicely 
painted work, and all the holes can be drilled with- 
out lifting the wheel. 

This house also have a stock of twist drills and 
universal chucks, especially adapted for blacksmiths' 
drills, threaded to screw on the end of spindles. All parts are made of bar steel and jaws are 
hardened, not easily liroken, or liable to get out of order. 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

NELSON H. DAVIS, 



59 



Wholesale and Retail Jeweler — Burnside Building, No. 351 Main Street. 

This is a pioneer jewelry house, founded nearly half a century ago by the noted A. L. Burbank, 
under whose enterprising management the establishment attained an enviable eminence. 
On the 14th of August, 1890, Mr. Nelson H. Davis Ijecame sole proprietor by purchase, and is 




devoting his excellent business talent to the rehabilitation of the old house, the augmentation of 
its facilities and the extension of its trade, in all of which objects he is accomplishing wonders. 
The stock, already large and of the most attractive kind, has been greatly reinforced by frequent 
new invoices of foreign and American goods, and will compare favorably with that of any simi- 
lar concern in New England. The display is especially rich in set and unset diamonds, solid 
and stylish gold jewelry, fine domestic and imported gold watches and chains, rare French 
clocks, sterling silverware, bric-a-brac, bronzes and fancy articles, all of which will l>e sold at 
moderate prices and warranted as represented. New accessions to the stock are being continu- 
ally received, comprising all desirable novelties. Mr. Davis is a young man of spirit and energy, 
who has made his way to the front Ijy sheer force of character, industry and tact. His clerks 
and salesmen are selected for their thorough knowledge of the business, combined with that 
affability and courtesy for which their principal is distinguished. Ladies and gentlemen desir- 
ous of inspecting a stock of rare and costly goods such as is seldom shown in the interior should 
pay a visit to this establishment, where they will receive every attention and be afforded all pos- 
sible facilities for comparison and selection. 



6o 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



ALBERT H. STEELE. 



trtrerW'trvwtrersrw^ 



^-'^. 



Successor to Fifield & Steele, Manufacturer of and Dealer in Narrow Fabric Loom 

Supplies — No. 54 Hermon Street. 

Manufacturers of ribbons, tapes and other elastic and non-elastic fabrics will be interested in 
knowing that they may obtain right here in Worcester whatever they may require in the way of 
narrow loom supplies and attachments of the best and latest improved styles. Messrs. Fifield & 

Steele began the manufacture of this class of devices in 
1887, and were quite successful, but Mr. Fifield retired in 
1889, leaving Mr. Albert H. Steele in sole control. The 
latter has a roomy and well appointed shop, with appro- 
priate machinery — some of which is of his own design for 
special work — and employs several expert workmen at No. 
54 Hermon street, where orders for shuttles, blocks, 
racks, pinions, lays, etc., are executed at short notice, and 
careful attention is given to repairs. Mr. A. H. Steele, 
who is a native of Vermont, came to Worcester about ten years ago, and since that time has 
been engaged in the city's mechanical industries of various kinds. He has also enjoyed and 
profited by the advantages of the Worcester School for Drawing and other means of acquiuing 
a practical and technical knowledge of applied mechanics. He is the inventor of an improved 
spring spindle fastening, which he uses in his work and for which he has applied for a patent. 




NEW WORCESTER THEATER. 



Rock & Brooks, Proprietors and Managers — Exchange Street, Near Main. 

The New Worcester Theater was completed about the first of May, 1890, and thrown open to 
the public on the evening of Monday, the fifth of the same month, with " Shenadoah " as the 
initial attraction. The crowds who attended on the inaugural night, and the subsequent 
crowds who have been entertained within its walls, were treated to a sight of what Worcester 
people never before saw at home, a real theater, perfect in its appointments, beautiful within 
and without, and complete with conveniences and comforts to which they had theretofore been 
strangers. The building itself is a remaikably handsome structure of brick with granite and terra 
cotta trimmings and ornamentation, elegant in design, lofty and commodious, 65 feet front and 
of proportionate depth, and cost, with fittings and scenery, about $125,000. The stage is large 
— unusually so, the other dimensions considered, and the seating capacity is about 1,400. 
The pitch of the floors in orchestra, balcony and dress circle is rather steeper than is customary, 
thus enabling all to obtain a clear view of the stage and the actors, while the galleries are equal- 
ly desirable coigns of vantage whence "the gods" may see and hurl their thunders w-ith ease 
and comfort — to themselves at least. The orchestra circle, raised above the orchestra floor, is 
especially well arranged, as are the private boxes, and the decorations throughout are quietly 
sumptuous. The stage curtain is something of an innovation — velour, embroidered in applique 
with stained glass jewels and shells interwoven; the box draperies gold tinted silk, arranged in 
artistic folds, while backs and cushions are of terra cotta plush. Other draperies and cur- 
tains are in keeping. The box chairs, of shell design, are upholstered with brocade in boquet 
pattern in cream and rose and cream and electric blue. Green Wilton is used for the hallway 
carpets; blue and light Wilton for the main floor; Brussels for the second floor; moquette for 
the ladies' and Brussels for the gentlemen's waiting-rooms. Metropolitan opera-house chairs, 
upholstered in gray-blue plush, are provided for the liody of the house. It is unnecessary to 
describe the scenery, and it will be passed with the remarks that all desirable modern improve- 
ments and many novelties have been introduced, and the same applies to the stage mechanism, 
which is absolutely faultless. 

The approach to this fairy temple is sheltered by an iron awning. The broad vestibule is 
separated from the foyer by a stained glass screen, at the centre of which is the ticket office, 
double doors on either side leading to the foyer, the latter about eighteen feet wide, stairs lead- 
ing to the gallery from both sides. On the right and left are the ladies' and gentlemen's dress- 
ing rooms, and a cloak-room. The gallery ticket office is at the end of the foyer, and the 
gallery entrance and exit fronts the court in the rear. A partition of stained glass panels sepa- 
rates the foyer from the orchestra. The theater ofiice is on the second floor, immediately over 
the vestibule. Five tiers of large and convenient dressing-rooms are situated at the left of the 
stage. All desirable practical safeguards against fire are provided, and the house can be 
emptied in a very brief time. Ventilation is also carefully looked after, and the house is 
lighted throughout by electricity, while electric bells and speaking tubes connect the main ofiice, 
the ticket office, the orchestra and the stage. 

The firm of Harris & Rock secured the first five years lease of the new dramatic temple,. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



6i 



dating from August i, 1890. Mr. Harris is junior member of Rich & Harris, well-known theat- 
rical managers, and the demands upon his time and labor at other points during the season are 
so exacting that it was found impracticable for him to devote much attention to his Worcester in- 
terests; Mr. Rock bore all the burden at this point without reaping any corresponding advan- 
tage; so it was decided to make a -change, and Mr. \V. F. Brooks, previously identified with 
the Security Associates, joined Mr. Rock in purchasing Mr. Harris' interest, the transfer to 
date from"^yune i, 1891, when the names of Messrs. Rich & Harris will be superseded by 
those of Rock & Brooks, whose object it will be to sustain and improve the high reputation 
already won by the New Worcester Theater. 



LINCOLN HOUSE. 



George Tower, Proprietor — Corner Main and Elm Streets. 

Of hotels Worcester boasts several that compare favorably with those of any New England 
city of equal population. Among these is the well-known and popular old Lincoln House, cen- 
trally located at the corner of Main and Elm streets, that for fifty-six years has catered to the 
comfort of transient and permanent guests under the management of various proprietors, it hav- 
ing been first opened by the late D. F. Brigham as long ago as 1834. The building has been 
remodeled, enlarged and vastly improved since then, and as it now stands is a handsome and 
substantial three-story brick structure, with mansard roof, fronting 127 feet on Maple and 124 
feet on Elm street. It contains, besides office, reading and sample rooms, public and private 
parlors, spacious dining-room, etc., eighty-four elegantly appointed sleeping apartments, beautiful- 
ly furnished, clean, cosy and well lighted, with connecting bath-rooms, toilet rooms with running 
water, gas, electric call bells, and all modern conveniences. One hundred and fitty guests can 




be comfortably accommodated, and on occasion two hundred may be fed and sheltered without 
too much crowding. It is hardly necessary to speak of the aiisiin', the taljles and the attend- 
ance further than to state that they are unexcelled. The house is largely patronized by tran- 
sient boarders at all seasons. Rates are moderate — $2.50 per diL-m, with special terms to com- 
mercial travelers who make the Lincoln headcjuarters. 

Besides conducting the Lincoln acceptably and successfully for the past twenty years, 
Mr. Tower is proprietor of and 'in the season personally manages Tower's Hotel, at Falmouth 
Heights on Vineyard Sound — a most desirable summer resort, where the thermometer seldom 
rises above 78 degrees, or falls below 62 degrees; average, 70 degrees. The house 
will accommodate one hundred and fifty guests. It is reached via the Old Colony rail- 
road, opens June 15, and is patronized exclusively by unpretentious, ease-loving, wealthy people, 
who find here every desirable luxury and convenience, including sea air, warm baths, boating, 
fishing, steamboat excursions, skating, bowling, billiards, delightful drives with fine horses and 
carriages, a sumptuous tal)le, attentive sjrvants, etc., at reasonable rates. 



62 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

CROMPTON LOOM WORKS, WORCESTER, MASS. 



M. C. Crompton, President; Horace Wyman, Vice President and Manager; Justin A. 
Ware, Secretary and Treasurer — Manufacturers of Looms for Fancy Woolen, 
Cotton, Silk and Carpets — Office, No. no Green St. 

The Crompton loom is in general use, and, with recent improvements, ranks with the most 
ingenious and perfect machhierv employed in the manufacture of textile falirics. \\'illiam Cromp- 




ton, the inventor of this loom in its original lorm, was a native of Lancashire, England. He 
immigrated to this country in 1S36, and the ensuing year was granted a patent upon his device. 
He continued to experiment with, improve and construct his loom until 1849, when he was 
succeeded in business by his son George and Merrill A. Furbush, under the style of Furbush 
& Crompton, which firm continued and prospered till 1859, when Mr. Furbush retired and 




located in Fhiladelphia. Mr. George Crompton then continued as sole proprietor of the 
Crompton Loom Works until his death in December, 1886. The present corporation was 
formed in January, 1888, with capital stock to the amount of $550,000. Only the best obtain- 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



63 



able inventive and mechanical talent is employed, and the one object of the corporation is to 
render the Crompton loom as near perfect as human ingenuity can make it, and keep in the lead 
of all competition. Our first loom engraving shows the high speed " 1889 " horizontal 25-harness 
Crompton loom, the latest novelty, and an improvement over everything that preceded it in 
that style of loom. Our second cut illustrates the Crompton " i88g " double-beam 36-harness 
fancy loom. Both of these looms are of the " close-shetl "" type, a specialty of these works, 
guaranteeing smoothness of fabric and ability to weave any and all difficult patterns. A 
technical description of these machines would not interest the general reader, and would be of 
little or no value to those familiar with weaving devices, so we omit it with the single remark 
that in design, material, workmanship, finish, durability and adaptability to the service for 
which they are intended, and for rapidity of operation, they are unexcelled. Built expressly 
for weaving fancy worsteds and woolens, together with other styles adapted for cotton and silk 
goods and carpets, they perform all that is expected of them and give unvarying satisfaction. 




,- ■^■^-■TSji^- 



The Crompton looms are in use in the mills of tWs country, Europe and South America, and the 
increasing demand is the best testimony to their value. The Crompton Loom Works are 
situated on Green street, the office being No. no, itself a beautiful structure, commodious, con- 
veniently arranged and finished in art wood-work, with appropriate decorations. The main 
factory buildings are of brick, which, together with the many wings and additions, cover three 
acres of land, and form a hive of industry such as is seldom seen, fitted uj) with all requisite 
machinery, much of which is of special design and construction, and giving employment to a 
regiment of well-paid, contented and expert mechanics. One building is devoted entirely to 
experimenting with and perfecting new ideas and improvements in looms and their attachments, 
and it is largely to this plan that is due the extraordinary degree of excellence attained. The 
productions of these works cover the entire range of textile weaving. 



WILLIA.M J. ESTEY, 



Restaurant and Caterer — No. 411 Main Street. 

Mr. William J. Estey is one of Worcester's best-known and most-popular citizens, formerly a 
member of the City Council for two years. A native of Greenwich, he left the farm at nineteen, 
and has since engaged in a variety of occupations, among them the shoe business, traveling and 
selHng over the counter for several years. He is now forty years of age, hale and hearty, a 
Freemason and Oddfellow, genial and companionable. On the 25th of April, 1890, Mr. 
Estey opened a spacious and elegantly appointed first-class restaurant on the second floor of No. 
411 Main street, where all the- substantials and luxuries obtainable in this market are served at 
any hour of day or night to regular or transient customers, at moderate prices. The cookery is 
equal to that of any hotel in New England and the service especially good. In connection with 
this establishment Mr. Estey makes a specialty of catering for balls, parties, public and private 
dinners, banquets, luncheons, and similar occasions. No pains or expense are spared to render 
satisfaction, and, provided with every possible facility, ample means, a superb chcj\ and an 
army of attentive waiters, failure is impossible. 



64 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



WALDO HOUSE. 



Lorenzo B. Start, Proprietor — \A^aldo Street. 

The Waldo ranks with the noted hotels of interior New England, having been opened about 
forty years ago by a Mr. Russell Lamb, who subsequently retired and was succeeded by Messrs. 

R. N. Start & Co. For 
more than thirty years that 
firm conducted the house 
successfully, and it was 
under their capable man- 
agement that the hostelry 
became famous, and was 
gradually enlarged by addi- 
tions from the little twenty- 
room tavern of the forties 
to the handsome and com- 
modious hotel of the 
present day, containing 
140 rooms and ample 
accommodations for 200 
guests. A Mr. Brooks 
was temporary host from 
April, 1S89, to August, 
1890, when Mr. Lorenzo B. Start returned and resumed charge — an event which augurs well 
for the house and its numberless occasional guests' comfort and pleasure. Situated near the 
new Worcester theater and always a favorite resort of the profession, the traveling actor and 
actress will be especially pleased to again meet and be cared for by Mr. Start. The structure, 
substantial and attractive, is practically fire-proof. It is lighted throughout by gas, provided 
with hot and cold water and baths, electric call bells, billiard-room, barber-shop, and every 
desirable modern convenience. The elegantly appointed dining-room will seat one hundred 
guests, and the tables are abundantly supplied with the best of everything edible, prepared h^ 
an experienced staff" of cooks and served by polite and attentive waiters. The sleeping apart- 
ments are sweet and clean, the beds inviting and restful, and the furniture and appointments all 
that could be desired. The house was but recently refurnished and refitted throughout, render- 
ing the spacious office, reading and sample rooms and parlors more than ever attractive. Mr. 
Len. B. Start has passed the greater part of his lite in the Waldo, is widely known and popular, 
and hopes to receive a share of the patronage of the traveling public. 




WORCESTER PANTS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 

Manufacturers of Men's, Boys' and Children's Pants — Nos. 7 and 9 Washington Sq. 

Specialism is no longer confined to the professions. ALinufacturers have learned that by 
giving exclusive attention to certain articles they arrive at a degree of perfection as regards 
quality of workmanship and economy of time and labor that is unattainable by those who 
distribute their energies over a broader field and attempt too much. In no department of 
industry is this more apparent than in the making of clothing for the multitude, hence we find some 
establishments devoted to the making of certain kinds and grades of underwear, others to shirts, 
others to collars and cuffs; another class makes only coats and vests; still another produces 
overcoats, and finally the construction of bifurcated nether garments, otherwise called pantaloons 
- — "pants" for short — is rapidly becoming concentrated in the hands of a few enterprising 
individuals and firms, who, provided with improved machinery and other facilities and adhering 
to popular styles, are enaljled to supply the market on better terms and with a greater variety of 
goods in better fabrics and better workmanship than were ever before offered. A leading repre- 
sentative of this important industry is the Worcester Pants Company, established in 1888 by 
Messrs. E. Epstein and A. I. Asherowsky, and occupying one. floor, 50 x 117 feet, of the large 
brick building Nos. 7 and 9 Washington square. A complete er|uipment of sewing machines 
and other requisite appliances are run by steam, and about fifty hands are steadily employed in 
filling orders for medium grade pants for men's, boys' and children's wear, the output going to 
jobbers and wholesale dealers in the New England States and New York. Messrs. Epstein and 
Asherowsky are wide-awake business men, enterprising and progressive, and are fast making for 
their house a first-class reputation while steadily extending their trade. This firm recently added 
another floor to their premises. All goods are bought direct from the mill, and all work is 
made inside the factory, as they have all necessary facilities for the purpose. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



65 



CITY NATIONAL BANK. 



Calvin Foster, President; Nathaniel Paine, Cashier — Cor. Main and Pearl Streets. 



■rt^S; 



The City Bank dates from 1854, when it was chartered under the State bank 
Massachusetts. For a .period of ten years the institution continued to prosper as 
agent under the original, auspices, and was then reorganized and reincorporated as 
bank in 1864. How successful it has been during the past 
twenty-seven years may l^e inferred from the official state- _^_ 

ment, which shows capital, $400,000; surplus and undivided "^" 

profits, $217,313; loans and discounts, $1,634,020.75. The 
City National does a strictly legitimate business in deposits, 
loans, discounts, mercantile paper, drafts, collections, etc., 
allowing interest on special deposits, and has been one of the 
most powerful factors in Worcester's industrial, commercial 
and civic growth. The officers are named above and are 
noted as capable financiers. The board of directors 
embraces some of the city's most progressive, enterprising 
and substantial business men and capitalists, as follows : 
Calvin Foster, president, Lewis Barnard, Loring Coes, Wm. 
W. Rice, Wm. E. Rice, Arthur M. Stone, Thomas Gage, 
Henry M. Witter, and Edward D. Thayer, jr. Herewith is 
submitted the report to the Comptroller of the Currency of 
date February 26, 1891 : 

RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts $1,634,020 75 

Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 688 74 

U. S. bonds to secure circulation 50,000 00 

Stocks, securities, judgments, claims, 

etc 1. 1 50 00 

Due from approved reserve agents 44 225 84 

Due from other National banks 

Current expenses and taxes paid 

Checks and other cash items 

Bills of other banks 

Fractional paper currency, nickels and 

cents 

Specie 

Legal tender notes 

U. S. certificates of deposit for legal 

tenders 

Redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 

per cent, of circulation) 



mg law of 
a fiduciary 
a National 



23.252 


14 


5.004 


49 


5.I94 


00 


6,805 


00 


440 


69 


55,503 


^5 


23,701 


00 




LIABILITIES. 



50,000 00 



2 250 00 



Total $1,902,3 



50 



Capital stock paid in 

Surplus fund 

Undivided profits 

National bank notes outstanding... 
Dividends unpaid 

Individual deposits subject to check 
Due to other National banks 



.$400,000 00 
. 100,000 00 

• 117.313 35 

. 45,000 00 

60 00 

1,180,935 88 

59,077 27 



Total $1,902,38 



50 



J. J. SAWIN. 



Naphtha Oil Extractor, Manufacturer of Chip and Naphtha Grease — Rear of No. 220 

Shrewsbury Street. 

Mr. Sawin, formerly a resident of Natick, Mass., was the pioneer extractor of oil from up- 
per leather used in the manufacture of boots and shoes, and more particularly from scraps, the 
latter being especially adapted, after treatment, to the making of ladies' shoe heels. Though 
his process was patented in 1875, he has never as yet enforced the law against infringers. He 
began his experiments in 1867, and in 1869 regularly established himself in business at Natick, 
Eben E. Phillips, the well-known Boston manufacturer, being the first to recognize the value of 
Mr. Sawin's discovery and purchased his product. 

Mr. Sawin completed his preparations and apjiaratus and engaged in the extraction of grease 
by the use of naphtha at Natick in 1874, remaining there until 1882, when he removed to Wor- 
cester because ot its more central location and greater accessibility. In the rear of 220 Shrewsbury 
street, he has erected extensive works, comprising several frame buildings, one for the extrac- 
tion of naphtha grease and the' preparation of upper leather, heel and lining stock, another util- 
ized as a chip grease factory, and a third for l^oiler and engine, the latter of seventy horse-power. 
Employing six men, he produces annually 1,100 barrels of naphtha grease and 2,000 Ijarrels of 
chip grease, which is disposed of to manufacturers of curriers' hard grease and soap boilers, 
consideral)le quantities being exported. Fully one-third of the Massachusetts output of naphtha 
and chip grease coines from this factory, the largest and most complete in the State. 



66 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



HOLLAND & HAVENER, 



Dealers in Bicyles, Tricycles, Athletic and Sporting Goods — Gymnasium Apparatus — 
Instruction in Fencing, Boxing, etc. — No. 507 Main St. 

This, the only exclusively sporting goods house in Worcester county, was tounded in 1877 by 
Hill & Tolman, who succeeded in making it famous and profitable. Those gentlemen, however, 

retired on the formation of the present firm, 
Messrs. Lincoln Holland and Lud C. Havener, in 
1889. Both are experienced in the sporting goods 
trade and widely and favorably known to the 
general public, Mr. Holland, a native of Worces- 
ter, twenty-nine years of age, having been at one 
time with Hill & Tolman and subsequently in the 
same business on his own account, while Mr. 
Havener is a professor of gymnastics and was 
formerly an instructor of the Boston Athletic Club 
and in several of the largest Y. M. C. A. gymna- 
siums of the country. In rear of the salesroom is 
a private gymnasium presided over by Mr. 
Havener, who gives regular lessons to a large and 
growing class. The firm carry a general and 
varied stock of bicycles, tricycles, athletic, gym- 
nastic and sporting supplies and apparatus, etc., 
and have a liberal patronage from clubs and 
individuals. The store, handsomely arranged, is 
quite large, 35 feet front and 100 feet deep, 
including the gymnasium, boxing and fencing school in rear. Broad and lofty plate glass win- 
dows admit ample light, showing the whole attractive interior. They also conduct a well- 
appointed riding-school at No. 215 Front street, and a branch store at 
Cottage City. The goods sold here are of standard excellence, selected 
by the firm especially tor this n.arket, and include as leading specialties 
a line ofsafety cycles for Ijoth sexes, made by the most reputable man- 
ufacturers and warranted. They have a completely equipped shop at 
No. 19 Allen street, where every description of cycle repairs are made 
in the best and neatest manner. Wheels are also rented by the liour, 
day, week, or month, so that strangers visiting the city need not forego 
exercise and practice. Among the machines in stock the liuyer or 
renter has choice of the following list, the places of manufacture being 
appended: Columbias, Hartford, Conn.; Victors, Chicopee Falls, 
Mass.; Broncho (Chainless), Westboro, Mass.; Hartford, Hartford, 
Conn.; Hickory (Ladies or Gents), Newton, Mass.; Diamond, Wor- 
cester, Mass.; Giant (Ladies or Gents), Toledo, Ohio; Premium 
(Ladies), Washington, D. C. ; Nonpareil (Boys), Chicopee, Mass.; 
Lovell (Girls), Washington, D. C; Little Beauty (Boys), Washington, D 
Safety (Boys), New York. Any other style furnished to order. 





Fae-simil>-, J(>hii Clark- 
sod's arm. Pitcher Bos- 
ton League team. 

C; H. & H, 



E. J. SOMERS, 



Manufacturer of Tacks — Fine Shoe Tacks a Specialty — No. 17 Water Street. 

One of the curiosities of manufacturing history is the development of the tack industry. In 
some form or other the tack has become indispensable to many trades, and the demand is con- 
stantly increasing. Hence the growth of an interest that in its beginnings seemed almost 
puerile. Like pins, everybody uses them, and like pins, it would be difficult to say what be- 
comes of them all, though it is evident that, unlike pins, they are not finally lost and never 
found, for every tack has its mission and usually sticks strictly to business. 

Somers Bros, began the manufacture of tacks at No. 68 School street, Worcester, in 18S5, 
and soon controlled a flourishing trade. In September, 1889; the firm dissolved, Mr. J. S. 
Somers assuming sole ownership. He occupies a part of three floors-, fitted up with tack ma- 
chines of the latest improved design, driven by steam. These machines are automatic in action, 
simple and perfect, and one man can easily attend eight of them. They turn out every descrip- 
tion of tacks in great quantities, and Hungarian and hob nails as required, but a speciaUy is 
made ot fine shoe tacks, for which there is an extraordinary demand in this market. Orders to 
any extent are promptly filled at lowest figures, and the tradewthroughout New England, New 
Jersey and Pennsylvania is largely supplied from this source. 

Mr. Somers was born and reared in W^orcester, is an experienced practical workman, and a 
young man of rare energy and business capacity. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



67 



FEEELAND J. ELLIS, 



Golden Rule Dining and Ice Cream Rooms — No. 476 Main Street. 

The Golden Rule is a popular and well patronized institution of Worcester, established 
in 1882 by Mr. Thomas. Gray, to whom Mr. Freeland J. Ellis succeeded in July, 1890, subse- 
quently removing from 500 Main street to the second floor of the elegant Taylor block, entrance 
at 467 Main street, one flight of broad and easy stairs leading to the rooms, which are lofty, 
perfectly lighted, cheerful and attractive, and cover floorage 50x80 feet, with ample seating 
capacity for 150 guests at once. The appointments are not gaudy but quietly elegant, suggest- 
ing plenty and substantial comfort rather than empty display, and the effect is seen in the char- 
acter of the customers, solid, unpretentious business and professional men and women from all 
parts of the city, with a sprinkling of transient visitors from the country and adjacent villages. 
The tables are abundantly provided with the best and most wholesome meats, poultry, fish, 
game, vegetables, fruits, pastry and dainties, all in their season, skillfully and appetizingly pre- 
pared by experienced and careful cooks, and promptly served by a corps of tidy and attentive 
waiters. Breakfast, dinner and supper are served a la carte, and moderate charges prevail. 

Mr: Ellis is personally a genial, accommodating and' hospitabl,e gentleman, who supervises 
his establishment with a watchful eye, and is never so happy as when his rooms are crowded 
with well-pleased patrons. He was formerly associated with Mr. Henry E. Capen in the man- 
agement of the Silver Lake Hotel, Katahdin Iron Works, Me., one of the most fashionable 
pleasure resorts. Subsequently he was for ihree years one of the foremen of the Union Water 
Meter Company of this city, resigning to start his present enterprise. He is a Freemason, past 
junior warden of Mt. Kineo lodge No. 109, Maine, and past recording and financial secretary 
of Good Cheer lodge No. 37, \. O. O. F., of the same place. He is also a member of the 
Worcester Continentals, and visited Philadelphia with that corps last summer. 

Mr. Charles T. Locke, the accomplished chef of the Golden Rule, is an affable and oblig- 
ing gentleman, who has since 1875 presided with skill and success over the cuisine of leading 
hotels and restaurants in Philadelphia, Boston, Bar Harbor, Hampton Beach, Jacksonville, Fla., 
and elsewhere. 



F. A. ATHERTON. 



Manufacturer of Refrigerators of All Kinds — The Boulevard, Near Elm Park. 

A good, reliable refrigerator is a necessity in every well-regulated household, while the 
butcher, the grocer, the dealer in dairy products, fish, game, fruits and other perishable com- 
modities, could hardly do business without its aid. This is one of the modern inventions in 
which everybody is directly or indirectly interested, because by enaliling the housekeeper or the 
merchant to preserve fresh edibles indef- 
initely, it makes them much cheaper than 
they would otherwise Vie, thus assuring 
sound, sweet food and consequently good 
health. In a word, the cheapest article 
in the market is a first-class refrigerator, 
which study and experience, combined 
with mechanical skill, have brought to a 
degree of perfection that leaves nothing 
to be desired. One of the most noted 
New England nmanufacturers of re- 
frigerators is Mr. F. A. Atherton, who, 
having learned the trade with his father, 
engaged in business for himself in 1875 
on Grove street, where he built com- 
modious shops, and remained until the 
summer of 1889, when, having Ijought 
the paternal plant on the boulevard, he 
erected an addition thereto and now occupies two two-and-one-half story frame buildings each 
45x85 feet in dimensions, with brick engine-house attached. Here equipped with a complete 
outfit of wood-working machin'ery and a. twenty-five horse-power steam engine, and employing a 
competent force of skilled workmen, he is prepared to fill promptly and in the best manner all 
orders for his celebrated refrigerators, which are unsurpassed for all good qualities. These are 
built in any style or size desired, from the smallest domestic refrigerator to the largest and most 
elaborate for the use of hotels, meat dealers, milk and butter dealers, grocers and others. In- 
tending buyers are invited to inspect his work and prices, at No. 117 Park avenue. Old relrig- 
erators bought, sold or repaired. 




68 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

THE WARE, PRATT COMPANY. 



Custom and Manufacturing Clothiers and Dealers in Men's Furnishing Goods Nos. 

408 and 412 Main St. — W. W. Johnson, President; H. S. Pratt, Treasurer; 
Charles E. Black, Secretary. 

- This great leading clothing house — the most extensive in Worcester or in the State west of 
Boston — had its origin in a small tailoring and ready-made clothing store established by Mr. A. 

P. Ware in 1847. Eleven years 
later a new firm was organized 
under the name and style of A. 
P. Ware & Co., to whom Ware, 
Pratt & Co. succeeded in 1S69, 
and enjoyed uninterrupted pros- 
perity until its dissolution and the 
incorporation of the existing com- 
pany January I, 1 888, capital stock 
$100,000. The officers, named 
above, rank with Worcester's best 
and most popular business men. 
President Johnson, who entered 
the service of A. P. Ware & Co. 
as a clerk many years ago and 
advanced step by step to a 
copartnership, was selected for 
his present responsible position 
in recognition of his great execu- 
tive ability on the organization of 
the company. Treasurer Pratt was 
Mr. Ware's first partner in the 
firm of Ware & Pratt, has been 
connected with the house for 
thirty-five years, is noted for 
energy, tact and enterprise, is 
reputed the most astute and far- 
sighted clothing man in New 
England, is a director of the 
Citizens' National Bank, a mem- 
ber of the Worcester Club, and a 
liberal, progressive and respected 
citizen. Secretary Black, experi- 
enced, alert, accurate and efficient, 
has- the unbounded confidence of 
his associates in business and of 
the community at large. One 
hundred people are employed in 
all capacities, and that they are 
kept busy is attested by the 
I volume of transactions, averaging 
$236,000 per annum, about 
$65,000 of which is credited to the custom tailoring department, the largest, best managed and 
most comprehensive in New England, employing several expert cutters and numerous skillful 
tailors, carrying an immense and varied stock of fine and medium foreign and domestic woolens, 
and favored with the patronage of legions of well-dressed men in all walks of life. The 
beautiful and commodious five-story brick structure illustrated herewith is situated at Nos. 408 
and 412 Main street. It is 49 feet front by 137 feet deep, and was originally erected for the 
accommodation of the concern when Ware & Pratt and A. P. Ware & Co. consolidated, 
occupying it for the first time March 10, 1869. Three immense floors are now devoted to the 
business, and every department — custom tailoring, wholesale, manutacturing and sales — is com- 
plete in itself. It would be difficult to describe each in detail. Suffice it to say that the house 
buys heavily for cash directly from mills and importeis, is at all times supplied with the latest 
styles of fabrics in abundance, closely tbllows the fashions from season to season, and is prepared 
to meet promptly all fair competition in the essentials of quality, cut, fit and workmanship, 
whether the garment be selected from the ready-made stock or ordered direct from the tailoring 
department. And operations are not confined to gentlemen's attire alone, the company showing 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



69 



the finest, largest and most varied assortment of youths', boys' and children's suits and single 
garments, and goods from which to make others to measure, ever exhibited in this market. We 
designed speaking at length of the furnishing goods department, but have already extended this 
notice to unusual length, and in this connection will simply say that no labor or pains are spared 
to provide for rich and poor alike in the matter of shirts, collars, cuffs, neckwear, underwear, 
and all of the requisites of a neat appearance and personal comfort. The stock embraces all 
grades and styles, and prices are always as low as any reasonable being could expect. 



R. E. KIDDER, 



Manufacturer of Kidder's Patent Universal Sawing Machine, the Lightning Copying 
Press, Patterns, Models, etc. — No. 35 Hermon St. 

The engraving represents Kidder's new patent "Universal" sawing machine, with latest 
improvements, the design in the construction of which is to make a saw bench that will cover a 




large variety of work, and, at the same time, make all of the changes quickly and still maintain 
sufficient driving power for any work that may be required. The workmanship in this machine 
is first-class in every respect. Some of the 'advantages claimed for this machine are thus sum- 
marized: First — It has three arbors, any one of. which can be brought into axial hne instantly 
and ready to run, the other two remaining at rest. No time lost in changing from splitting to 
cutting off, and 7'iiL' vci-sa. In fact, all three of the saws can be changed in less time than it 
takes to change one on any other saw made. This makes it adapted to a greater variety of work 
without any loss of driving power. The time saved in manipulating this machine will soon pay 
for it. No pattern, cabinet, or job shop can aftbrd to be without it. Second — The great 
difficulty that is found in all^other double saws that change by rotating — namely, the lack of 
driving power — is entirely overcome in this machine. The driving belt is a long one, and always 
of the same length. This machine will, with a four-inch belt, saw four-inch hard-wood stock. 
This has been fully demonstrated. Third. — The gauges are light, accurate and strong; more 
easily, quickly and accurately adjusted. The cutting off has always a square and mitre without any 
change; also any angle between o and 45*^. The splitting gauge can be more quickly and 
accurately set on any angle from o to 45° than any other. Fourth — The table is instantly and 



IXLAXD MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



easily raised and lowered for rabbeting, grooving, etc., by means of a balance weight, not 
shown in cut, in connection with lever £. This machine is fully indorsed by many competent 
judges, some of whom have sent Mr. Kidder valuable testimonials, among them the Pond 
Machine Tool Company,. Chas. P. Johnson, the well-known-stair builder. Geo. L. Brownell and 
Prentice Bros., of Worcester: the G. H. Bushnell Company, founders and machinists, of 
Thompsonville, Conn.; Chas. A. Bennett, principal of the St. Paul (Minn.l Manual Training 
School, and many others. These machines are shipped to all parts of the States, and are taking 




the lead "wherever introduced. Mr. Kidder is also manufacturing the "Lightning"' copying 
press in three styles (^A, B and C\ and in great numbers to meet a demand which sprung up 
as soon as the press was placed on the market. Style C is shown herewith. This press is neat, 
light, convenient, and in all respects much superior to the letter presses hitherto in vogue, 
besides being cheaper. He is moreover the manufacturer of the Kidder patent librar}-. academy, 
artist's and "Artist's Friend" drawing tables and easels, combining many and valuable 
improvements upon anything of the kind ever heretolore made. In addition to these leading 
specialties, he gives caret'ul and skillful attention to the construction of working models for 
inventors, and patterns of all kinds tor machiner}-, architectural iron work and all piurposes for 
which castings are used. Mr. Kidder has been established here since 1S70. His office and 
manufactory are located at Xo. 35 Hermon street: he is well provided with all o\ the latest 
improved machineiy and skilled workmen, and does a flourishing business, principally with New 
England parties. He was born at Wardsboro, \"t. 



W. E. W. FELT, 



Succeeding Felt & Prescott — Plain and Fancy Mercantile Job Printer — No. 392 

Main Street. 

One of the neatest and most perfectly equipped job printing establishments of inland Massa- 
chusetts is situated at No. 392 Main street. It was started at Xos. 37 and 30 Pearl street in 
18S6 by Mr. W. E. \V. Felt. On the first of November. iSSS. Mr. W. W. Prescott an ac- 
complished workman, was taken in as a partner, and the firm soon attracted an excellent pat- 
ronage from that portion of the business community who recognize and appreciate skillful com- 
binations and artistic eft'ects as expressed in the tasty arrangement of types, rules, borders and 
colors. For reasons not necessary to state Mr. Prescott retired on the 22nd of May last, when 
Mr. Felt resumed sole man.agement of the business. The plant, occupying one floor 20x45 '<?^t, 
comprising a suberb line of plain and fancy job. card and body type suited to the class of work 
to which he confines his attention, tour improved new job presses, and a fine electric engine 
that supplies all the power required. Additions are constantly being made to the outfit, partic- 
ularly in the matter of type, the founders bringing out new styles ever\- week or two and the en- 
terprising printer being compelled to keep up witli the procession, — which by the way, was the 
origin of the old composing-room gag involving the impossibility of keeping a wife or a printing 
office in running order without plenty of new dresses. It is a fact that the type used in a modern 
job printing office is seldom worn out; it is discarded ot'ten when scarcely injured by actual ser- 
vice, to make room for fresh novelties. Mr. Felt is a native of New Hampshire, is not only a 
verv superior printer, but a progressive business man and good titizen, and we unhesitatingly 
commend him to the tavor of the public at large who require nice printing of any kind, from a 
newspaper or full-sheet poster to the daintiest wedding, invitation or address card. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETI'S ILLUSTRATED. 



71 



C. B. COOK LA.UNDRY COMPANY. 



R. H. Kenyon, President; C. B. Cook, Treasurer and Manager — Steam Laundry, 

Barton Place. 

A visit to and inspection of the various departments of tlie above-named company's groat 
laundry is full of interest and instruction. The luiilding itself, fronting on Harton jihace, con- 
venient to Main street and other principal tlioro.ughfares, is a substantial t'our-story brick struc- 
ture, erected in 18S9 l)y Mr. C\ H. Cook, who established here the famous Worcester Collar 
Laundry and built up an immense patronage. 
July I, 1890, the present company wi.s organ- 
ized, Mr. R. H. Kenyon assuming the presi- 
dency, wliile Mr. Cook ads in tlie dual cajiac- 
ity of treasurer and manager. The capital 
invested is nominally $20,000, tiiough doubtless 
the builihng, machinery, appurtenances and 
good-will represent a much larger sum. Tlie 
equipment is complete, emliracing all the 
latest and most approved new devices for 
cleansing and ironing garments with the least 
possible injury to the fabric, a fine steam 
Ijoiler and engine furnishing hot water and 
power, which are distributed to all jiarts of the 
laundry where required by means of pipes, 
shafting and belts. About forty skillful and 
well paid operatives are emjiloyed, and llie C 
8000 square feet of floorage devoted to the 
laundry is a continuous scene of bustle and 
cheerful toil from morning to night every day in the week. It is iiardly necessary to state that 
the work done here is of tlie very best, unexcelled anyw liere, specialties being made of gentle- 
men's shirts, collars and cuffs and ladies' fine white goods. A very extensive trade is the re- 
ward of care and skill, the best and most fastidious people of tlie city and of the adjacent 
towns and villages sending their work here regularly through brancli offices and agencies, sev- 
eral of which have been established over the border in New Hampshire and Connecticut and 
add materially to the volume of business. 

President Kenyon, who lias hail considerable experience in this branch of industry, was for 
several years connected with the Fall River Laundry. NIr. Cook made iiis first bow here as 
proprietor of the Worcester Collar Laundry in 1880, and by the exercise of tact, energy and in- 
tegrity lias made the establishment one of the largest and finest in New England. He contin- 
xies to personally supervise the laundry. 




a^J^'feS 



PORTER & GARDINER, 

Last Manufacturers— No. 25 Union St.; Boston Office, No. 115 Summer St. 

Mr. Samuel Porter, the present senior partner, was the founder of this house, which he estab- 
lished in 1866. Later he sold out to Colby, .Swan & Co., and subsequently purchased Mr. 
Swan's interest, when the style became Colby & Porter, and so continued until November, 1887, 

when Mr. Colby retired and Mr. Thos. W. Gardi- 
ner, who had for some years performed the dutie? 
of superintendent, joineil Mr. Porter and the present 
style was adopted. Mr. Porter, a native of Brock- 
ton, devotes his attention to the office work, sales 
and outdoor affairs of the house, while Mr. Gardi- 
ner, a practical model-maker, looks after the 
mechanical department. The\- liave recently com- 
jileted the fitting up of a new brick factory at No. 25 
Union street, the dimensions of which are 40 x 127 feet, five stories high, with 'dry-houses 
capable of kiln-drying 80,000 blocks at one time, so there need be no lack of dry Iuml)er from 
this house, which is certainlya model establishment, equipped with the recpiisite and peculiar 
machinery, special tools, etc., apjiropriate to last-making, steam power anci all conveniences. 
The working force of expert mechanics numbers thirty, and the output averages fully 15,000 
pairs per month of boot and slioe lasts in all grades, especial attention being given to orders for 
fine work in new styles. These lasts are disposed of to manufacturers of boots and shoes and 
dealers in shoe factory supplies all over the United States, and the concern is kept busy supply- 
ing the demand. The Boston office, where Mr. Porter may be found on Wednesdays and 
Saturdays, is at No. 115 Summer street. 




72 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



HOTEL PARKER 



A. H. Kendrick, Proprietor— Nos. i, 3 and 5 Walnut Street. 

Few cities of equal or approximate population are so abundantly provided with hotels of all 
classes as is Worcester, where vast numbers of residents habitually board in preference to keep- 
ing house. Among the most 
popular and home-like of the 
minor hotels the Hotel 
Parker deserves especial 
mention. The building, a 
view of which we print here- 
with, is of wood, irregular 
but attractive architecturally, 
and covers ground 80 x 1 70 
feet. It is of three stories, 
conveniently situated, oppo- 
site Mechanics Hall and near 
Main street, lighted by gas, 
heated by steam, and con- 
tains a neat office, reading- 
room, pool-room, barber- 
shop, public and private 
parlors, and forty sleeping 
apartments for guests, all of 
which are comfortably fur- 
nished, clean and spacious. 
The table is first-class, abundantly supplied with the best meats, poultry, fish, vegetables, fruits, 
etc., in the market, skillfully prepared and served by attentive waiters. The Parker was opened 
by J. B. Parker, in 1885. Two years and a half later Mr. A. H. Kendrick, a native of North 
Brookfield, became proprietor. Solicitous to please, he devotes his entire time and energies to 
securing for his house a liberal support from the traveling and boarding public, and has been 
quite successful. No labor or pains are spared to make guests comfortable and at home. Rates 
are quite reasonalile. 




IVER JOHNSON & CO. 



Manufacturers of Fire Arms, Bicycles and Police Goods — Nickel Plating — No 44 

Central Street. 
No citv of equal or approximate population in the world can boast such a diversity^ of 
manufactures as are clustered together within the corporate limits of Worcester, producing vast 
quantities of textile fabrics, machinery, 
hardware specialties, wooden, leather, 
steel, iron and brass goods, fire 
arms, cutlery, clothing, sporting 
goods, etc. C3ne of Worcester's most 
notable industrial establishments is that 
of Tver Johnson & Co., founded by 
Johnson, Bye & Co. in 1871. Mr. Bye 
retired in 1882, since which time Mr. 
Johnson has l^een sole proprietor under 
the present style. The plant is a large 
one, consisting of a tjuadrangle of three 
and four-story brick buildings, 1 00 feet 
square, each side 30 feet wide, with a 
40-foot court in the center. The equipment of machinery is comprehensive and valuable, includ- 
ing lathes, planers, drills, trip-hammers, etc., and a complete outfit of special tools and 
ap^pliances, not the least important of which is a costly set of modern improved nickel-plating 
apparatus — the whole driven by a 160-horse-power steam engine. The works are arranged with 
an eye to thoroughness and convenience, and give employment to from 250 to 300 hands. A 
great variety of goods are made here, embracing several styles of shot guns and revolvers,, 
(among the latter the "Swift," "Defender," "American Bull Dog," and "Boston," all 
superior weapons); bicycles in several patterns, poHce goods, etc., which are supplied to the 
trade everywhere through the famous house of John P. Lovell & Co., No. 147 Washington 
street, Boston. Mr. Johnson, a Norwegian by birth, has lived in this country since boyhood. 
He is a much respected citizen and president of the Worcester Loan Association. 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 73 

BLAKE, BOUTWELL & CO.. 



Wholesale Iron and Steel, Heavy Hardware, Sheet Iron, Roofing Tin, Copper and 
Zinc, Carriage and Wagon Woodwork, Carriage Makers' and Blacksmiths' Sup- 
plies — Bridge, Mechanic and Foster Streets. 

If tlie business men of'any st'ctioii 'of tliis broad land are layint^ tlie flatterini; unction to their 
souls tliat New England i's losing lier gri]), a journey I'rom Boston to the New N'ork State line, 
witli stops of a day or two at llie jirincipal points on the route, will surely dissipate tliat impres- 
sion. It is questional)le if any city in the United States, of equal population, can make such an 
exhibit of inthistries and coninierce as can Worcester, and among the most conspicuous and 
creditable of lier mercantile liouses is the one named above — Blake, Boutwell & Co., who 
occupy the notable triangular structure fronting on Bridge, Mechanic and Foster streets, 65 feet 
long on each lace, four stories in height, built of brick with rough-cut brownstone trimmings — 
an architectural feature of the city, erectetl in 1886 and owned by Mr. G. V. Blake, jr., head of 
the firm. This house dates from 1876, when Mason & Lincoln established themselves in Wor- 
cester as general wholesale hardware merchants — a pursuit which they successfully prosecuted 
until 1884, when Blake, Boutwell iS; Co. (G. V. Blake, jr., and C. S. Boutwell ) jnirchased the stock 
in trade and good will and supplanted the old firm. Vast changes and imjirovements in methods 
have been made since then, and the present firm has multiplied resources, facilities and 
transactions until their field of operations embraces the most desirable portions of Massachusetts 
and adjoining States. Ten men are employed, including book-keeper, clerks, salesmen, 
porters and teamsters, and three teams are ke]H constantly busy handling consignments and 
shipments and in city deliveries. Blake, Boutwell & Co.'s leading specialties come under the 
heads of iron and steel and heavy hardware, of which they carry comjtrehensive lines. They 
also keep in stock and furnish lo order a choice assortment of galvanized, Harvey's cleaned, 
common and Russia sheet iron, sheet copper and zinc, carriage-makers', wagon-makers' and 
blacksmiths' supplies of all kinds, and a complete line of vehicle woodwork — shafts, spokes, 
rims, wheels, etc. — all of which are furnished to the trade on favorable terms. The house has 
the Worcester agency for and carries large stocks of William Jessop & Sons' cast steel. La Belle 
cast steel, and James Royston's Son & Co.'s hardened and tem])ered steel wire of all gauges. 
Here is also shown a superior line of improved porta!)le forges. Mr. Blake is a native of Boston 
and Mr. Boutwell of Lyndeboro, N. II. They are representative business men and leading 
citizens. 



MASON & RISCH, 



Manufacturers of Vocalions — Office and Factory, Nos. 5 to 15 Summer St.; New York 

Office, No. 18 E. Seventeenth Street. 

77/i' J^tua/ioii is an organ constructed on the principles of the pipe-organ. In each of these 
instruments the tone is produced by the stationary viljrations of columns of air. They differ, 
however, in two very important particulars, i. e., in the method adopted for producing the 
stationary vibrations, and in the size of the chambers to which the stationary vibrations are 
confined. In the vocalion metallic reeds are employed to produce the vibrations; in the 
pipe-organ air reeds perform this function. The former require chambers of small capacity, the 
latter chambers (jiipes ) of large cajiacity. By this ingenious device of substituting the metallic 
reed for the air reed, tones are obtained which have all the purity and power of those obtained 
from pipes, entirely free from the snarl and twang which renders so disagreeable the tones of a 
common 'reed-organ. The small .size of the chambers required for the vocalion enables the 
manufacturers to compress the space necessary for a many-voiced organ into dimensions suitable 
for the ])arlor and moderate-sized churches. From this description of the methijd employed, of 
producing pure pipe-tones from reeds, the importance of the vocalion as a musical instrument, 
•capable in every respect of replacing the more costly and bulky pipe-organ, will be at once 
apprehended. 7'/ie Vocalion, in its method of producing tone, as well as in its construction, is 
a patented invention, and is the outcome of many years of labor and experiment involving large 
expenditure. The idea is copied from nature's method of producing tone — the method that is 
undeniably the l)est — and which, as far as is practicable, is emliodied in the vocalion. This will 
be clear by instancing the tone-making a)>paratus of the human throat. The lungs are the 
bellows; the muscles which inflate the lungs are represented by the foot treadles or the bellows- 
lever of the organ; the vocal chord or the larynx of the throat is a reed; the tul)e or throat 
which contains the vocal chord develops the tone and delivers it to the mouth; there it is 
reinforced and further {|ualified liefore its final emission. Tones produced on this jilan have 
purity, beauty, variety, intrinsic music value, power, and (highly important) carrying iir()]ierty. 
These qualities are peculiarly the property of the Vocalion Organ, hence its name " I'ocd/ioii," 
6 



74 



INLAND MASSACHQSEITS ILLUSIRATED. 



a named coined and given the instrument to emphasize the manner in which its tones are 
produced. The J'oi<iNoii is a rival, in the variety and excellence of its registration and tonal 
qualities, of a richly voiced pipe-organ costing more than double its price, and, for the reasons 
already given, is in many respects superior to the pipe-organ of equal capacity. The points of 
resemblance between the vocalion and the pipe-organ are : The tone is undistinguishable one 




from the other; the vocalion is played like a pipe-orran. The vocalion and the pipe-organ are 
both large wind instruments, the wind being supplied from the bellows by pressure and not by 
suction, as in the cabinet organ. The vocalion and pipe-organ bellows, wind-chest and feeders 
are the same in principle and construction, as well as in operation. The vocalion and ppe- 
organ key-boards, registration, stop-action, as well as the mechanical registers, aresimilrr in 
both instruments. The vocalion resembles the pipe-organ in the.beauty and variety of its tones, 
and in Us purity, power, dignity and pervading quality. Ihe vocalion resembles the pife-organ. 



INLAND MASSACHi;Sl TVS Il.LUS'l'KATED. 



75 



in its capal)ilily lor Ijcautiful and varied registration. The vocalion resembles the pipe-organ in 
its adaptability lor the interpretation of music, drama, and all devotional and liturgical music. 
The advantages of the vocalion over the pipe-organ are thus summed up : It costs one-half the 
price of a good pipe-organ of e(|ual cajwcity. It costs little or nothing to keep in order — 
re(|uiring little tuning. It occupies one-((uarter the space of a pipe-organ of similar capacity. 
It is movable without being entirely taken to pieces. It is constructed so that each reed, having 
its own separate tone-chamber, can be removed with ease, and without disturliing the action. It has 
58 notes to each tone in the manuals, and no tone borrows from another for the lower 14 tones, as 
is frequent in pipe-organs. It is ready for use on being unpacked. The two-manual vocalion 
recjuires no special mechanical skill to remove from the case and set up in ]iosition. The vocalion 
in its original form was the invention of James Baillie Hamilton of London, Kng., and the name 
was coined and conferred by Kt. Hon. \Vm. E. Gladstone. Mr. M. S. Wright of Worcester 
subsecjuently devised and added important improvements, and later the interests of both 
inventors were purchased by the New York Church Organ Company, who fitted up the factory 
in this city, but before the vocalion was placed on the market Messrs. Mason & Kisch, residents 
of Toronto, Canada, l)Ought the jilant, patents and rights, made additions and improvements, 
and secured the services of Mr. Wright as superintendent. Mr. Wright is an exjjerienced and 
skillful l)uilder of this class of'inslruments. Mr. A. J. Mason, a nephew of the senior partner, is 
general business manager. Both members of the firm are shrewd men who invested their capi- 
tal here in the confident anticipation of profitable results — an anticipation which it is safe to say 
they wiy realize, as the vocalion needs only to be seen and heard to be appreciated, and sales 
already approach the present limit of productive capacity. 

The factory building, entered by an imposing Norman arch, is of brick, five stories, 50x115 
feet, and is perfectly equipped in all departments, the usual output being supplemented by an 
entirely new plant of special reed-making machinery of the latest style. A fine boiler and en- 
gine supply ample heat and power, and fifty skilled artisans are employed. The output goes to 
all parts of the United States, to England, Australia, Japan and other countries, and no word 
of complaint has ever reached the manufacturers. 



C H. HILDEETH, 2d, 



Livery, Hacking, Board and Feed Stables — No. 10 Sever Street. 

Of all the advantages of city life none are more attractive than the ease with which one may 
be transported by public or private conveyance from point to point. The hackney coach is a 
peculiar institution 
of the city, as is the 
livery stable. Wor- 
cester's most prom- 
inent livery and 
hack man is Mr. C. 
H. Hildreth, 2d, 
(junior), formerly 
of No. 20 Market 
street. On the first 
of March, iSgo, 
Mr. Hildreth pur- 
chased the well- 
known stables of 
Mr. Charles F. 
Henry, No. 10 

Sever street, and having made some necessary additions and improvements, removed his own 
stock of horses, carriages, etc., thereto, consolidating both under one management. The 
premises are the largest and the plant the most complete of the kind in Worcester, the former 
covering ground 150 x 250 feet with palatial stables, carriage-houses, store-house and capacious 
yard, while the latter comprises thirty or more fine horses and about fifty stylish vehicles of 
various kinds, including a number of handsome hacks, several elegant landaus and coupes, and 
many tempting double and single pleasure carriages, buggies, etc. Nine men are employed, 
including hostlers, drivers and. other assistants. A specialty is made of furnishing hacks and 
carriages for pleasure parties, weddings and funerals, and for shopping and visiting. A coupe 
stand is maintained at No. 369 Main street and a hack stand at the Kay State Housx^ Calls by 
telephone receive prompt attention. Experienced, liberal and obliging, Mr. Hildreth is popular 
and does a flourishing business. His efforts to please are ably seconded by Mr. Z. H. Dean, 
long in the employ of Mr. Henry and a favorite with all former patrons of that gentleman. 
Rates are reasonable and service first-class. 




76 



INLAND MASSACHUSETl'S ILLUSTRATED. 

C. W. HUMPHREY, 



Manufacturer of Paper Boxes of All Kinds — No. 42 Southbridge Street. 

The manufacture of paper boxes is an industry of large proportions in which Worcester 
excels, there being several large factories here. One of the most prominent and best patronized 

is that of Mr. C. AV. Humphrey, situa- 
ted at No. 42 Southbridge street. It was 
established about 1880 by a Mr. Marcy, 
who sold out subsequently to a Mr. 
Cook, to whom Mr. Humphrey suc- 
ceeded in 1882. One floor of 800 
square feet is occupied by the machinery 
— shears, dies, cutters, etc.; steam power 
is rented — and from fifty to sixty opera- 
tives are employed, and the output is 
very large, comprising every description 
of paper boxes for the use of manu- 
facturers of shoes, slippers, confectionery 
and other goods susceptible of being so 
packetl. While the local demand is lib- 
eral, orders are constantly being filled for 
shipment to New England points, and 
to New York and other Slates, and Mr. 
Humphrey is kept busy at all seasons. 
His facilities for manufacturing enable 
liini to supply the above and other trades 
with every description of first-class boxes 
at most moderate prices, and also to un- 
dertake orders for any desired quantities, 
which are always promptly executed. 
Mr. Humphrey was born at Brockton, 
and has been a resident of Worcester for 
the past twenty-five years, where he is 
highly respected by all w ho know him. 




SUMNER PRATT & CO., 

Cotton and Woolen Manufacturers' Agency — Dealers in Machinery, Wool Stock 

and Mill Supplies -No. 22 Front Street. 

This is a pioneer house — one of the oldest in continuous existence in this vicinity. It was 
founded as long ago as 1847, by the late Sumner Pratt, and after an honorable and active 
career of forty-four years is as strong and enterprising as ever — more so if possible — maintaining 
its representative position in th-- front rank of the trade and transacting an annually expanding 
business with mill-owners throughout the United States. The present firm, composed of Messrs. 
W. H. Crawford and Frederick S. Pratt, dates from 1S70. The first-named is a native of 
Oxford, while Mr. Pratt, a son of the original senior member, was born, reared and received his 
preparatorv training in this city, having been connected with the famous old house almost from 
boyhood in the various capacities of salesman, clerk, bookkeeper and partner. Both are ener- 
getic business men and public-spirited citizens of high personal and commercial standing. 

The building occupied by Sumner Pratt & Co., at No. 22 Front street, is worthy of the house. 
It was built by the elder Mr. Pratt and is an ornate four-story brick structure with brownstone 
trimmings, 38 feet front by 125 teet deep. Three floors are utilized for storage, salesrooms and 
office, and an immense stock is carried, comprising every description of woolen and cotton mill 
machinery and appliances, wool stock and mill supplies. The house has the sole agency 
here for many leading manufacturers of mill machinery, and is prepared to execute all oiders at 
short notice, in the best manner, and at factory prices. Buyers.and consumers of wool stock 
and mill supplies are also offered the most liberal terms and inducements. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETl'S ILLUSTRATED. 



77 



JOHNSON & BASSETT, 



Manufacturers of Self-Operating Wool-Spinning Machinery, Heavy Pattern Mules 
adapted for 300 to 500 Spindles, Medium Weight Mules adapted for 240 to 360 
Spindles, Self-Operating J.acks adapted for 200 to 288 Spindles, Automatic Bob- 
bin Winders and Spindle Band Tension Regulators — Corner of Foster and 
Bridge Streets (near Union Depot). 

The firm of Johnson & Bassett was organized and the manufacture of automatic spinning 
machinery begun in 1870, the house'being then estaliHshed at No. 186 Union street, where the 
business was continued until 1886. Through the death of Mr. Johnson in 1880 the undivided 
ownership and management devolved upon the surviving partner, Mr. Joseph M. Bassett, a 
skilled and experienced mechanic and business man who lias proved himself equal to the de- 
mand u]ion his physical and mental powers and continues the business as l:)efore, retaining the 
original style in honor of his deceased friend and partner and extending his trade to every State 
and hamlet in the Union that contains a woolen mill. Owing to the increase of business, and 
the consec|uent necessity for more extended facilities, it was essential that more commodious 
quarters be secured, and the requirements were fully met by the erection by Mr. Bassett, in 1886, 




of the very handsoine and substantial factory building, illustrated by the above engraving, solid- 
ly constructed of brick, four stories and basement, 62x125 feet, most advantageously situated at 
the corner of Foster and Bridge streets, near the Union depot. 

The self-operating woolen mules, jacks and jack-heads made here are so universally known 
and approved as to require no technical description, nor, in fact, have we space at command 
therefor. Full particulars, illustrations and descriptions are furnished on application. The 
works are perfectly equipped in every department with ingenious special machinery and a 60- 
horse-power steam engine, a'nd from eighty to one hundred skilled hands are employed. The 
present outlook of the business gives indications of largely increased demands upon the factory 
for its goods in the near future, which can be readily met, its capacity lieing fully ecjual to all 
probable requirements. 

Mr. Bassett is a native of Vermont, who has resided and been actively engaged in business. 
in Worcester during most of his life. 



78 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



CENTRAL NATIONAL BANK OF WORCESTER. 



Joseph Mason, President and Solicitor; Henry A. Marsh, Cas.hier — No. 452 Main 

Street. 

This bank was chartered and organized as a Slate bank in 1829, under the name of the 

Central Bank of Worcester. May 18, 1864, it was reorganized under the National banking 

act, and took its present name. During the period of its 

existence as a State bank, and since, it has sustained a 

deserved reputation for prudence, sagacity and fidelity in 

its business transactions. Its banking rooms are large and 

convenient, and its customers ahvavs receive prompt and 

courteous attention. Its board of directors meets everj' 

^b^ndav, and consists of the following named gentlemen: 

I(i>cph Mason, Philip L. Moen, Thomas L. Nelson, 

Samuel R. lleywood, Augustus N. Currier. Waldo 

Lincoln, tieorge W . Knowlton, Heniy A. Marsh and 

C. Henry Hutchins. The subjoined report of the bank 

shows its condition February 26, 1891 : 

Resources — Loans and discounts, $1,274,844.19; 

overdrafts, secured and unsecured, $341.41; U. S. 

bonds to secure circulation, $50,000; stocks, securities, 

claims, etc., $11,400; due from approved reserve 

agents. $72,723.58; current expenses and taxes paid, 

$5,233,63; premiums on U. S. bonds, $5,000; checks 

and other cash items, $11,266.57; bills of other banks, 

$6,836; fractional paper currency, nickels and cents, 

$431.24; specie, $39,177.21; legal tender notes, 

$12,500; U. S. certificates of deposit for legal tenders, 

$20,000; redemption tund with U. S. treasurer (5 per 

cent, of circulation"), $2,250; total. $1,516,993.83. Lia- 

liiUties — Capital stock paid in, $300,000; surplus tund, 
$100,000; undivided profits, $42,057.10; National bank 
notes outstanding, $45,000; individual deposits subject 
to check, $981,145.22; demand certificates of deposit, 
$33,642.06; due to other National banks, $15,149.45; 
total. $1,516,993.83. 




WM. H. BROWN, 



Machinist — Manufacturer of Carders' Tools — Lewis' Patent Card Clamps, Ratchets, 

Hammers, Gauges, Tubes, Scrapers, etc. — No. 81 Mechanic Street. 

If skill, ingenuity and long experience count for anytliing. Mr. Win. M. Brown has a just 

claim to pre-eminence in his particular field of industry. A native of New York and a practical 

tool-maker, he established himself in this city in 1855 — thirty-six years ago — and has steadily 

pursued the even tenor of his 
way, devising and adopting 
improvements tVom time to 
time until he now turns out a 
hue of speciakies that for sim- 
plicity, effectiveness, excel- 
lence of material and work- 
manship is unsurpassed. He occupies one floor, 20x38 feet, at 
No. 81 Mechanic street, where he has a complete outfit of ap- 
propriate steam-driven machinery, employs several workmen, 

and is prepared to fill promptly all orders for carders' tools, ratchets, hammers, gauges, tubes, 
scrapers, etc. He is sole manut'acturer of Lewis' patent card clamps, and gives attention to 
machine jobbing and repairs of every description. 





INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



HENRY E. DEAN & CO., 



Manufacturers of Standard Wire Goods, Special Hardware and Housekeeping 
Goods, Spring Steel Wire Wagon-Seat Cushions, Steel Wire Brushes, Wire 
Window and Elevator Guards, Office and Desk Railings, Screens, etc. — No. i8o 
Austin Street. 

Mr. Lewis Dean began the manufacture of wire goods in Oakham, Mass., in the year 1857. 
Being an ingenious and capaljle man, he gradually built up a large and prosperous business, to 
•which his son Henry E. succeeded some years ago, subsequently erecting and removing to his 
present place. No. 180 Austin street — a substantial three-story frame factory, 40x75 feet, with 
commodious salesroom and office adjoining. The 
establishment is equipped in the most effective 
manner throughout, most of the improved appli- 
ances being of Mr. Dean's own invention, among 
them a machine specially designed for making the 
■"Dean" spring steel wire wagon-s;at cushion 
that attracts immediate and wondering attention. 
One hundred and Hfty hands are enijiloyed, and 
Mr. Dean's market may be called world-wide, 
his goods being sold in all parts of the United 
States, Canada, Great Britain, Belgium, Australia 
and other countries. He manufactures almost 
everything coming under the head of standard 

wire goods, including office and desk railings and screens, window and elevator guards, steel wire 
brushes, sieves, lime and sand screens, coal screens, special hardware and housekeeping con- 
veniences of every description, such as broilers, toasters, glove pot-cleaners, portable plate- 
racks, doughnut lifters and skimmers, potato-mashers, spiral egg-beaters, culinary rollers, rat 
and mouse traps, etc., together with dish-covers, vegetable boilers, dish-drainers, potato-fryers, 
egg-whips, corn-poppers, conductor strainers, horse and ox muzzles, sponge baskets, "Perfec- 
tion" pillow-sham holders, and countless other devices for use and ornament. Special atten- 
tion is invited to the steel wire cushion illustrated herewith, which is positively unrivaled as a 
seat for wagons, carriages, sleighs, railroad cabs, fire engines, etc. It is made to order of any 
desired size, may be used either with or without a cushion or blanket, and is practically indestruc- 
tible. Among the facilities of the establishment should be mentioned two looms for the making 
■of coarse wire cloth, while twenty-four others for the weaving of finer grades are kept busy else- 
where. Mr. Dean keeps s.veral energetic salesmen in New England and the middle .States. 




WORCESTER STORAGE COMPANY. 



Horace Wyman, President; George A. Stearns, Jr., Treasurer— Fire-Proof Ware- 
house, No. 29 Gold Street Court. 

The public fire-proof storage wareliouse idea, though not a new one, seems never to have 
been put into actual operation at this point until 1889, when the Worcester Storage Company, 
capital $13,000, was incorporated and the commo- 
dious three-story brick structure 60x60 feet, No. 29 
Gold street, erected. Our cut gives a general view 
of the building, which, constructed upon approved 
principles, provided with iron-faced shutters, and 
isolated from others, offers the maximum of protec- 
tion from conflagration — a condition still further en- 
hanced by precautionary regulations against the 
making of fires for any purpose or smoking on the 
premises. As a consequence, low rates of insurance 
upon merchandise stored here are freely offered by 
responsible underwriters. The internal arrange- 
ments are as nearly perfect as is attainable, a power- 
ful hydraulic elevator being provided for the raising 
of goods l)y the wagon-load to-the up|ier floors, where 
are found a number of rooms of various sizes for rent to parties desirous ol keeping their property 
separate from that of others. The convenience and security of a warehouse of this kind can 
hardly be overestimated. Residents who intend a prolonged absence from the city find here 
perfect safety for their furniture, trunks, packages and other valuables of a bulky nature, while 
merchants, manufacturers and others may store with the company every description ol merchan- 
dise, machinery, vehicles, etc., with the assurance that they will be well cared lor and restored 
in first-class condition. 




So 



INLAND MASSACHUSETrS ILLUSTRATED. 



GOES WRENCH COMPANY. 



Loring Goes, President ; John H. Goes, Treasurer; F. L. Goes, Secretary — Manu- 
facturers of the Original L. Goes' Genuine Patent Knife-Handle and Mechanics' 
Screw Wrenches — Mill Street, Goes Square. 

The Coes wrenches have been before the public and in daily use by mechanics and others for 
more than fifty years, and are to-day mure popular and salable than ever liefore. The latest 




4 



1 



and best improvement in wrenches, known as L. Coes' "Genuine" patent knife-handle wrench, 
is thus described: I. The ferrule frame and tip of handle are cast in one piece, with shank of 
bar solidly keyed into same, thereby preventing the possible displacement of either ferrule or tip. 
The iron frame is covered on either side by blocks of 
southern dogwood or persimmon, solidly riveted to the 
sides. The utilitv of this invention is apparent and a de- 
cided improvement over all other wrench handles. 2. — 
The bar of wrench is made straight the whole length, full 
size of the larger part of the wrench, and will stand 
nearly one-third more strain, when the jaw is used opened 
half the length of the .screw, than the so-called "rein- 
forced" or "jog bar." 3. — The jaw is made with ribs 
on the inside; these run the length of the jaw, with a full 
bearing on the front of the bar, and in connection with 
the projecting sides of the jaw (secured by patent) make 
the jaw fully equal to any strain the bar may be subject 
to. The barrel of jaw has also been enlarged, to take a 
larger and longer screw, which enables the wrench to 
take a' larger nut than any now in the market. 

For the improved " ^Iechanics' " wrench it is claimed 
that it is equally strong and serviceable with the "Gen- 
uine," the bar and jaws are of the same size, the quality 
of stock identical, and each wrench thoroughly casj- 
hardened. The majority of wrench users care nothing 
for tine finish, requiring a strong tool for actual work, 
and this is just suited to their wants. A recent improve- 
ment consists of a cup tip firmly riveted to end of shank, 
which prevents splitting and loosening of the handle. 

L. and .\. G. Coes founded this industry in 1841. In 
iSSS the present company was incorporated, capital 
$100,000. The Coes Wrench Company operate two 
factories, one located at Coes square and the other at 
Webster s(|uare. Roth factories are tully equipped with 
special machinery which is adapted to the rapid and ac- 
curate production of the class of goods manufactured. The machinery is driven partly by water 
and partly by steam power. One hundred and thirty workmen, comprising many skilled me- 
chanics, are employed. The selling agents are: J. C. McCarty & Co., No. 97 Chambers street, 
and John H. Graham & Co., No. 113 Chambers street. New York. 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. '8 1 

H. E. SMITH & CO., 



Manufacturers of and Dealers in Boots, Shoes and Rubbers — Proprietors of the Un- 
equaled " Nox 'Em All" Shoe — Nos. 15 and. 17 Mechanic Street. 

The man who can and does say -the right thing at the right time in the right way — who 
gives a catchy and appropriate name oft'-hand to a catchy and useful idea or thing — is a born 
genius and capable of great things. No better exemplification of this occurs to us than is af- 
forded by the renowned "Nox 'Em All" shoe, originated- — goods and name — by the firm of 
Childs, Smith & Co., now H. E. Smith & Co., Nos. 15 and 17 Mechanic street, Worcester. 
This shoe — empathically the poor man's friend — is especially designed for the use of those 
with whom durabil- ity is a prime object, 

and in that respect ^^ ^ A ^^ -^ ^ '^^■'' "° rival, being 

made of the best ^^\ ^ ' j w ^^1 1 | selected water- 

proof grain, the soles I \| /^^ ^^ r 'VY^ I^n I I standard fastened, 

the most careful ^A ^1 ^ J ^L^ ^|_ ^^i \ \^ JT Lil-iLj workmanship dis- 
played throughout, ^r 1 ^^/^m VSjbS' vUv w vW^ and no pains or 
expense spared in \^ perfecting this par- 

ticular lirand of shoe and bringing it to 

the notice of dealers anil consumers. The result is that the " Nox 'Em All " is received with 
general and rapidily increasing favor east, west, south, wherever introduced, and that depr.rt- 
ment of the factory is driven to its utmost capacity to meet the demand. 

The old firm of Childs, Smith & Co. was established in 1875, soon winning and always maintain- 
ing a prominent position among the more reputable re]iresentatives of the boot and shoe indus- 
try and conducting in conjunction with their manulacluring l)usiness the handling of boots, shoes, 
and rubbers at wholesale. Succe"ss was assured from the start, and ere long they rroved to and 
occupied the imposing five-story l)rick building Nos. 15 and 17 Mechanic street, affording 
16,000 square feet of floorage. Eighteen clerks and assistants are employed here; seven travel- 
ers represent the house in all parts of the country, and transactions exceed $600, coo annually, 
the territory covered embracing nearly all of New England and the middle States, a portion of 
the central west, and some parts of Canada. The leading specialty is the "Nox 'Em All" 
shoe, though every description of footwear is sold. 

On the first of last July Mr. H. E. Smith succeeded to the sole proprietorship and manage- 
ment, under the style of H. E. Smith & Co. He was born at North Brookfield, the son of a 
shoe manufacturer, is nearly fifty years of age, and has been familiar with every phase of the 
trade "since infancy" as he himself expresses it. He entered upon his business career in 1866, 
after four years and ten months' service in the Fifteenth Massachusetts volunteer int'antry (in 
which he rose to a lieutenancy). Since his return from the big war Col. Smith has rendered 
excellent service as an officer of Battery B, Worcester Light Artillery. He was a charter mem- 
ber of and has since commanded the Worcester Continentals. At the 250th anniversary of the 
Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston he was elected commander of that dis- 
tinguished organization. 

Mr. Smith may be t'airly characterized as the architect of his own fortunes, which have 
steadily "waxed" more and more easy and give evidence of "lasting". In his case, at least, 
there " seams " to have been " nothing like leather," which has lifted him t'rom " peg to peg " 
to the "upper" walks of commercial life by the " sole " force of industry and integrity. A 
pleasant, genial gentleman, always ready with a jest and a smile, his worst enemy (if he has 
one) could not harbor a wish to see him "strapped," "out at toes'' or "run down at heel." 



MRS. MARION B. WARE, 



Manufacturer of Mattresses and Fillings — Dealer in Feathers, Pillows, etc. — Tatnuck, 
Near Corner of Pleasant and Chandler Streets. 
This enterprise was started by Mr. J. E. Ware at Ashland in 1S75. He subsequently re- 
moved to Worcester, where for some years he prospered, but was at last overtaken, a year or 
two ago, by business difficulties and forced to suspend. An arrangement having been effected 
with creditors, his wife assumed the direction of affairs and the concern is continued in her name. 
The premises comprise twenty acres of land, with dwelling, barn and appurtenances, and a two- 
story mill eciui]:)ped with shoddy-picking and other machinery and a sixty-horse-power steam 
engine. From twelve to fifteen operatives are employed, and the outjnit embraces all grades of 
mattresses, white and gray wool, cotton, excelsior, husk, fiber and hair fillings, feathers, pillows, 
cushions, cotton and wool flocks, seagrass and other materials. Trade extends throughout New 
England, New York State, south to Richmond, Va., west to Omaha, and east to Halifax and 
Frederickton, N. B. 



82 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

AMERICAN AWIi COMPANY. 



1 



H. A. Southwick, Superintendent ; C. A. Hardy, Traveling Salesman — Manufactur- 
ers of and Dealers in Shoe Manufacturers' Tools, etc. — No. 195 Front Street. 

It is a question if the American Awl Company could have selected a better field of Inisiness 
operations than Worcester, which is the centre and to a great extent the base of supplies of the 
grsat shoe manufacturing section of the United States. The house was founded in 1876 by Mr. 
H. A. Southwick, Mr. C. A. Hardy acquiring an interest and becoming associated as a copartner 
in i88q. Occupying one entire floor, 60x120 feet, at No. 195 Front street, fitted up with 

improved metal-working machinery and provided with steam power, 
the company employs eight skilled hands and produces great quanti- 
ties of superior tools especially designed for the shoe industry, besides 
handling as agents and jobbers a variety of specialties made else- 
where. Of their own manufacture, the attention of the trade is in- 
vited to a choice line of raw-hide mallets, wax thread needles and 
awls; "New Era," "Varney," and "Champion" pegging awls, 
etc., lasting machine awls and drivers; " Bigelow," " McKay " and 
"National" heeling awls and drivers; awls and drivers for heel - 
slugging machines, etc., while they carry large stocks of McKay 
needles, shoe knives, extension blades and handles, etc., of others' 
make, and are agents for the sale of the celebrated "Excelsior" 
needles. The house also has the special agency and will fill orders 
from farmers and others for Whitley's solid steel mower, manufac- 
tured by the William N. Whitley Com- 
pany (formerly the Champion Mower and 
Reaper Company) of Springfield, Ohio. 
This concern ranks with the most repu- 
table in the country, and has established 
flourishing connections in almost every 
State in the Union. The senior member, Mr. Southwick, is a native of Mendon, Mass., and a 
machinist by trade. He has personal supervision of the manufacturing department. Mr. Hardy, 
a practical machine paper-knife maker, represents the house on the road. 





BAY STATE HOUSE. 



Douglass & Brown, Proprietors — Corner of Main and Exchange Streets. 

The Bay State ranks with the most t'amous of New England hotels, and, l)eing first-class in 
all respects, er.sily distances all local competitors. It is the regular stopping-place of wealthy and 
distinguished visitors to Worcester, headipiarters for the more exclusive class of commercial 
travelers, and the home of many retired business men and their families, who find here all the 
comforts and conveniences, privacy and luxury of domestic life, with none of the cares and an- 
noyances that mar the pleasure of a private es- 
tablishment. The Bay State was erected 
about twenty-five years ago, but has under- 
gone many changes of management. The 
building, belonging to a stock company, has 
le^n several times enlarged and remodeled, 
and, as our engraving shows, presents an im- 
posing appearance. It is of brick, four stories 
and bas-ment. So feet front by 100 feet deep, 
substantially constructed, practically fire-proof, 
and fitted up with every provision tor the 
safety of its inmates. The principal entrance 
t'rom Main street leads to the spacious rotunda 
and elegant office, paved with tessellated 
marble, lofty and richly frescoed. On this 
floor are the main hall, public parlors, reading 
and sample rooms, etc. In the basement are the splendidly fitted billiard-room, the kitchen, 
pantries, store-rooms, and other appointments pertaining to the service. On the second floor are 
the great dining-hall, 40x80 t'eet, capable of seating three hundred persons, private parlors, re- 
ception room, etc. On the upper floors are the sleeping apartments and private sitting-rooms, 
one hundred and thirty-two in number, arranged singly and i')/ suite, commodious, handsomely 
furnished, richly carpeted and upholstered, clean, sweet, airy, with large windows, lighted by 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



8- 



gas and fitted up with electric bells, hot and cold water and all conveniences, including 1 nth 
and toilet-rooms. A fine passenger elevator connects all the upper floors with the rotunda, and 
makes access to the top of the house as convenient as the second story. 

It is hardly necessary to say more of the table and the cuisine than that they are jierfect, 
the latter jiresided over by a noted clief TxnA a lieutenant scarcely less accomplished than his 
principal. The service is first-class in every departmennt, and the guest of the Bay .State who does 
not enjoy life will have only himself to blame, as all the facilities of luxurious living are supplied 
in superabundance. Rates, graduated from $2.50 to $3.00 and $3.50 per day, are exceedingly 
moderate, accommodations considered. A fine laundry and livery staljle are connected with 
the house, and hacks run to and from the house, connecting with out going and incoming trains 
nt all hours of day and night. 

Messrs. Frank P. Douglass and Charles Brown assumed the proprietorship and direction of 
the Bay State in 1888, both having been long identified with hotel-keeping. They have made 
many important improvements in the internal arrangements, refurnished the house throughout, 
and, giving their undivided attention to their business, have largely increased their personal pop- 
ularity and the patronage of the hotel. They are ably seconded by Messrs. E. S. Douglass and 
E. L. Church, clerks. 



WRIGHT & COLTON WIRE CLOTH COMPANY 



George F. \A^right, President; S. H. Colton, Treasurer; George M. Wright, 
Manager — Manufacturers of Power Loom Wire Cloths, Galvanized Poultry 
Netting and Fencing. 

The manufacture of wire cloth is one of those intluhtries which, of comparatively recent 
origin, quickly demonstrated its usefulness and has already taken a prominent place among the 




established standard interests of the country, and of which the Wright & Colton Wire Cloth 
Company is one of the conspicuous representatives. President Wright was the founder of the 
Wright Wire Cloth Company, formerly of Palmer, established in 1885, reorganized in 1889 as the 
\Vright & Colton W^ire Cloth Company, capital $50,000, and removed to ^^'orcester on the first 
of January, i8go. The premises now occu]iied are convenient and well suited to the purpose, 
comprising a commodious two-story brick building 60 x 420 feet on Hammond street near the 
Boston & Albany and New York & New England railroad tracks. The machinery equipment 
is first-class and includes a great'number of power looms and special appliances designed for the 
making of every description of steel, iron, brass and copper wire cloth and twisted nettings, all 
driven by a ninety-horse-]5ower steam engine. Seventy-five hands find employment in the mill, 
and the output is large and ra]iidly increasing. Specialties are made of high grade locomotive 
steel spark netting, fanning mill, hardware, and fruit-drying wire cloths, twisted nettings and 
improved twist warp wire lathing. The goods made here are in all respects of the best quality; 
orders are being booked from all parts of the country, and the outlook for a prosperous career 
is most flattering. 



84 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



FOWLER & COMPANY, 

Manufacturers of the " Perfection " Sash Curtain Rod Fixtures — No. 65 Beacon St, 

The device herewith ihustrated so nearly explains itself that but a few words of description are 
necessary. The rod used is the ordinary curtain rod, to which at each end the fixtures are- 





=^ 



applied, the corrugated rubber button attachment preventing the fixture from marring the 
casings. The directions for putting up are appended : Cut the rod three inches shorter than 
the space to lie filled. File burr from ends. Apply the fixtures to the rod, and the spiral springs 
inside of the fixtures, yielding to pressure applied at the ends, will allow the rod and fixtures tO' 
be adjusted into the space they are to occupy, where they will be held by the force of the 
springs and the friction of the rubber. No screws or nails being used, no holes are left in the 
window casing, if it is desired on account of the shrinking of the curtain to drop the rod a little^ 
or, for any reason, to remove it altogether. A slight mistake in cutting off the rod does not spoil 
it, the springs in the fixtures adjusting themselves to the change. Messrs. H. A. Fowler and J. 
H. Lingley, the inventors, commenced the manufacture of this superior curtain fixture on Pearl 
street in luly, 1889, and soon built up a good trade, the article selling on sight. On the first of 
January, 1890, having organized the present firm of Fowler & Company, the works were 
removed to No. 65 Beacon street, where, with a complete outfit of special machinery and tools- 
and a sufficient force of capable workmen, they expect to fill all orders without delay. 



JOHN J. ADAMS, 

Manufacturer of Boot and Shoe Machinery — Patent Improved Sole Cutters a Specialty — 

No. 85 Mechanic Street. 

Situated geographically in the very heart of the greatest shoe manufacturing region on the 
globe and possessed of all of the commercial and industrial advantages necessary to maintain her 

supremacy in this respect, Worcester is naturally the principal 
center where are constructed the various forms of improved 
machinery and special tools required by the trade. Prominent 
among those who have contributed to the city's fame in this- 
respect is Mr. John J. Adams, or, more accurately, the 
establishment of which he is now the head, founded in 1878 
liy Edwin Fisher, to whom Mr. Adams succeeded in 1880. 
The works occupy one floor, 20 x 80 feet, of the large brick 
building No. 85 Mechanic street, and contain a complete outfit 
of iron-working machinery and appliances, steam power, etc., 
giving employment to six trained mechanics and turning out a 
consideiable volume and great variety of superior work, the 
specialties embracing a general line of high-grade shoe 
machinery and patent improved sole cutters of the best class. 
In addition, Mr. Adams gives prompt and skillful attention to 
all orders for repairs of the machinery named, steam engines, etc., and to machine jobbing 
generally. He was born, reared and learned his trade in Worcester, is an expert machinist, an 
enterprising business man, and popular with all who know him. 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS I ILLUSTRATED. 



85 



EVANS & CO., 




EV4MS&C0, 



Manufacturers of 
and Dealers in 
Foreign and 
American Mar- 
ble and Granite 
Mon u m e n ta 1 
Work — Fine 
Polished 
Granite Work 
a Specialty — 
Salesroom and 
Steam Mill, No. 
131 Central St., 
Near Summer. 
P>om time im- 
memorial it has been 
the custom of all 
civilized peoples to 
erect memorials to 
their loved and 
honored dead, and 
in no age has this 
beautiful and appro- 
priate custom been 
so general as in our 

own — the era of the world's greatest enlightenment and best development, moral, mental and 

physical. That stone should have been originally chosen as the material tor the construction of 

monumental piles is not surprising, inasmuch as, in the then undeveloped state of sciences 

and mechanics, it was at once the most 

beautiful and the most enduring substance 

obtainable. That the ancients attained to 

great skill in the art of preparing stone for 

the purpose and achieved wonders in the 

uprearing of such structures is attested by the 

pyramids, and other old world remains that, 

antedating history, still challenge the admiration 

and curiosity of mankind. Worcester is particu- 
larly well situated with reference to supplies of 

superior marble and granite, the choicest quarries 

on this continent being within convenient reach, 

and consequently the monument industry 

flourishes here, a leading representative thereof 

being the house of Evans & Co., founded many 

years ago by Mr. A. M. Evans, who is still at 

its head with Messrs. H. F. Stedman andH. E. 

Chandler as his associates — one of the busiest 

and most liberal establishments in New England, 

the proprietors at the time of the late labor 

troubles having promptly increased wages 

beyond the demands of their employe. The 

office, salesroom, steam mill and worksheds at 

No. 131 Central street are commodious, com- 
pletely equipped, and cover ground 60x175 ^^'^^ 

(2,000 square feet), running the machinery, 

derricks, etc., by means of a sixty-horse-power 

steam engine. Granite and marble-cutters, 

sawyers, polishers and assistants to the number 

of twenty-five or more find steady work here, 

and the business of the house is very large and 

constantly increasing, the demands upon its _ 

resources coming principally from the New ^ 

England vStates, though frequent orders are executed for shipment to all parts of the country. 

The facilities are ample, and parties in want of anything in Evans & Co.'s line, from a simple 

marble slab to an imposing American, Swedish or Scotch granite monument, from a headstone 

to a group of artistic statuary, are invited to call upon or communicate with the firm in the full 

assurance of superior work and upright dealing. 




86 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

WM. H. BURNS & CO., 



Manufacturers of Ladies' Muslin and Cotton Underwear No. 69 Park St. — Branch 
Warehouses: No. 402 Broadway, New York; No. 15 Avon St., Boston; No. 138 
Stats St., Chicago. 

The handsome and commodious brick block shown in the accompanying cut is the second 
erected by this firm since its establishment in 1883, the first soon proving inadequate to the 

requirements of the business. As at 
first constituted the house was 
styled Baker & Burns — John S. 
Baker and W. H. Burns — but, the 
senior member retiring, Mr. Harry 
S. Green became Mr. Burns' asso- 
ciate and the style was changed to 
W. H. Burns & Co. The factory is 
of five stories, covers 50,000 square 
feet of ground, and the four upper 
floors are used by the firm tor 
manufacturing purposes, the lower 
story being rented to several retail 
merchants. Burns & Co. reserving 
52,000 square feet of floorage for 
their own use — none too much, as 
their transactions are expanding 
with unprecedented rapidity and 
the pressure upon their productive 
capacity increases in like ratio. At 
present they employ 450 people, females for the most part, and have in all 650 sewing machines 
specially designed for this particular class of work, constructed to order by the leading 
manufacturers of the country. The production averages 550 dozen garments, worth at first 
hands from $2,500 to $3,000, daily. These garments, which comprise every form of muslin and 
cotton underwear for ladies and misses, in all styles and grades from the finest to the most 
ordinary, are noted for accuracy of fit, excellence of material, workmanship and finish, 
durabihty and attractiveness, and are handled by the trade all over the United States. During 
the year 1889 Burns & Co. cut and made up two and a half million yards of cotton cloth from 
the Lawrence, Lewiston and Providence mills. They also imported, and continue to import for 
their own consumption, vast quantities of Hamburg embroidery from Switzerland, laces from 
France, Spain and Austria, so-called Irish lace from Nottingham, England, and pearl buttons 
from Vienna — the price of which latter commodity, by the way, will be nearly or quite doul)led 
by the new tarifl'. It is unnecessary to dilate upon the personality of Messrs. Burns and Green; 
their industrial and commercial enterprise and the results achieved is the best possible comment 
upon their capacity and extraordinary energy. Branch offices have been established for the 
convenience of buyers in Boston, New York and Chicago. 




J. C. SPEIRS & CO., 



Manufacturers of Drop Forgings of All Kinds — Cor. Nebraska and Winona Streets. 

Drop forgings are in constantly increasing request among manufacturers of hand and machine 
tools, light and heavy machinery, vehicles, etc., and the supply is never greater than the demand 
in the better grades. Of those who have recently engaged in this industry we know of none 
who have Ijetter prospects or are more worthy of notice than the new firm named above, who, 
as Speirs & Moore, established themselves at the corner of Nebraska and Winona streets and 
started their works in April, 1890. Messrs. J. C. Speirs and A. L. Moore, both young and 
enterprising businessmen, expert mechanics, industrious and capable, succeeded well, but on the 
30th of October Mr. Speirs purchased Mr. Moore's interest" and changed the style to J. C. 
Speirs & Co. Their factory is a one-story frame building 40 x no feet, with 25 x 25-foot L for 
boiler and engine, built especially for them and thoroughly eipiipped with newly improved 
machinery of the best class. They commenced with eight skilled employes, but confidently 
expect to enlarge their facilities and extend their trade to all parts of the country, making 
specialties of high grade drop forgings, such as bicycle, tricycle, fire-arm, sewing machine and 
machine tool parts, wrenches, etc. Estimates are cheerfully furnished and prompt attention is 
given to orders large or small. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

NORCROSS BROTHERS, 



87 





j^^f«E.i;tes 






liiiiiffiiiKp 

^ !f K!! 0!iilfSp^is;fer,i, sir'; ■:Mm^1 



Allegheny County Buildings, 
Pittsburg, Pa. 



Contractors and Builders — Office, No. 10 East Worcester St., Near Union Passenger 

Station. 

Thi.s great leading firm of contractors, which in acquiring for itself a national reputation has 
at the same time reflected credit upon and aided in extending the fame of Worcester to every 

section of the land, is composed of Messrs. James 
A. and Orlando W. Norcross, natives of Maine. 
They were first established at Swampscott, Essex 
county, as carpenters and builders on a modest 
scale in 1864. Four years later they removed to 
this city and began laying the foundations of the 
vast business enterprise of which they are now the 
proprietors and managers. Their office is situated 
in the large four-story brick building No. 10 East 
Worcester street, containing also their extensive 
planing mill and woodworking shops, equipped to 
perfection. Connected therewith, and lying 
alongside the Boston & Albany tracks, are 
commodious lumber and stone yards. A great 
many men are employed here, but their number is 
insignificant compared with the total working 
force of the firm, quarrymen, granite and freestone 
cutters, mill hands, masons, bricklayers, etc., 
scattered all over the country, the hcuse owning 
valuable granite quarries at Milford, Mass., and Stony Creek, Conn., and freestone quarries at 
East Longmeadow, Mass., near Springfield. A fortune is invested in machinery alone for the 
manipulation of stone. Branch offices are maintained at Huntington avenue, Boston, and No. 48 
West 125th street. New York city, where parties contemplating 
the erection of buildings of any kind will be made welcome 
and afforded every facility, and convenience in the way of 
practical suggestions, estimates, etc. The real career of this 
truly representative firm began subsequent to its location in 
Worcester, with their first important contract, the construction 
of the Congregational church at Leicester, in which was 
displayed such good taste, mechanical excellence and prompti- 
tude that the standing of the brothers was at once established. 
Contracts thereafter rapidly succeeded each other, and by the 
close of 1870 they had completed the Crompton block on 
Mechanic street, the First Universalist church and the Wor- 
cester High School building. Since then they have undertaken 
and carried out many important building contracts in this and 
other cities — among them the Allegheny county court-house 
and jail at Pittsburg, Pa., thelargest and finest structure of the 
kind in America, designed by that prince of architects the late 
H. H. Richardson; the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce 
building; the Howard Memorial Library at New Orleans; the 

Union League club-house. New \'ork; the Algonquin club-house, Boston; the A'ermont 
University, Burlington; the Union Theological Seminary, New York; the vast Marshall F'ield 
(wholesale department) building, Chicago; the Lionberger building, St. Louis; the Trinity 
church, Boston; the St. James church, New York; the South Congregational Church, vSpring- 
field, Mass.; the Union depot and massive railroad arch over Main street, Springfield, and many 
other notable examples of modern architecture and engineering. They are now engaged upon 
a number of important contracts, of which we may name the State street Exchange, the new 
Ames building, and the State House extension, all in Boston, and several churches in New York. 
Both members of the firm are leading and public- spirited citizens, but too much immersed in 
their liusiness to mingle much in public affairs, though Mr. James A. Norcross was a member of 
the City Council in 1877. The junior partner, Mr. Orla-ndo W. Norcross, served one term of 
enlistment in the Fourteenth Mtissachusetts heavy artillery during the late civil war. Below are 
named some of the buildings erected by Norcross Brothers, with date and cost of each : 
Public Buildings — Hampden County court-house, Springfield, Mass., contract, 1872; cost, 
$175,000; Woburn library, 1877, $80,000; Ames library. North Easton, Mass., 1877, $36,000; 
North Easton town hall, 1879, $50,000; Crane memorial library, Quincy, i88c, $44,000; 
Albany city hall, 1881, $295,000; Allegheny County court-house and jail, Pittsburg, F'a., 1885, 











Chamber of Commerce, 
Cincinnati, Ohio. 



88 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

$2,500,000; Cincinnati chamlier of commercf, 1887, $530,000; Howard memorial library, New 
Ork-ans, La., 1887, $98,000; Maiden library, 1885, $90,000; New London library, 1889, 
$39,000; Warder library, Springfield, Ohio, 1889, $63,800; Boston chamber of commerce, 
1890, $373,800; State house extension, Boston, 1889, $627,300. Clul) Houses — Union League 
clubhouse, New York, 1879, $255;,000; Boston Art club house, 1881, $54,000; Algonquin 
club housL', Boston, 1886, $177,000. Private Residences — Newport, Annie ^^^ Sherman, 1875, 
$40,000; Boston, Oliver Ames, 1882, $68,000; Boston, C. A. Whittier, 18S1, $107,000; 
Albany, Grange Sard, jr., 1882, $32,000; N?w N'ork, block for Union Theo. Seminary, 1883, 
$60,000; Wellesley, Brownlow Hall, 1883, $60,000; Cambridge, A. Aggassiz, 1883, $95,000; 
Washington, D. C, B. H. Warder, 1886, $112,000; Great Barrington, " Kellogg Terrace," 
1885, $600,000; Boston, John F.Andrews, 18S5, $140,000; Boston, C. C. Converse, 1886, 
$55,000; South Lancaster, John E. Thayer, 1886, $85,000; Chicago, 111., J. J. Glessner, 1886, 
$85,000; Dedham, Mass., A. W. Nickerson, 1887, $175,000; Springfield, ( ihio, A. S. Bush- 
nell, 1887, $90,000; Camliridge, Mass., E. H. .\bbot, 1889, $116,400. Educational Structures 
— Worcester High School, 1870, $120,000; Latin High School, Boston, 1878, $170,000; 
Harvard College gymnasium, Cambridge, 1878, $91 ,000; Harvard College, Sever hall, 1878, 
$104,000; Harvard College law school, 1882, $136,000; Union Theological Seminary, New 
\'ork, 1882, $286,000; \'erniont University, Burlington, 1883, $92,000; Lawrenceville school 
buildings. New Jersey, 18S3, $320,000; Durfee high school, Kail River, Mass., 1886-7, 
$200,000; Crouse Memorial College, Syracuse, N. V., 1888, $220,000; Osborne Hall, New 
Haven, Conn., 1888, $140,000; Mission school. New York, N. Y., 1889, $30,000; Williams 
Memorial Institute, New London, Conn., 1889, $70,000. Business Blocks — Crompton's block, 
Worcester, 1868, $75,000; Cheney block, Hartford, Conn., 1875, $337,000; .^nies warehouse, 
Boston, 1882, $133,000; Turner !)uilding, St. Louis, Mo., 18S3, $208,000: Marshall Field 
building, Chicago, 111., 1SS5, $900,000; N. Y. Life Insurance l;)uilding, Omaha, Neb., 1887, 
$525,000;. N. S'. Life Insurance building, Kansas City, Mo., 1887, $520,000; Burnside 
building, Worcester, 1886, $92,000; Lionberger building, St. Louis, Mo., 1888, $275,000; F. 
L. Ames building, Boston, 1889, $650,000; F". L. Ames building, Boston, 1890, $350,000; 
Boston Stock Exchange, 1889, $1,500,000; Bradley building, Boston, 1890, $70,000; Weeks 
liuilding, Bi)ston, 1889, $44,000; F. L. Ames building, Boston, 1889, $280,000. Church'^s — 
Congregational church, Leicester, 1866, $30,000; Congregational church. South Adams, 1867, 
$20,000; First Universalist church, Worcester, 1870, $30,000; South Congregational church, 
Springfield, Mass., 1870, $150,000; Trinity church, Boston, 1873, $390,000; Norwich 
Congregational church, 1873, $90,000; .-VU Saints' church, W^orcester, 1875, $95,000; Trinity 
church parsonage, Boston, 1879, $28,000; Winthro]i Congregational church, Holbrook, 1879, 
$22,000; Grace church. New Bedford, 1880, $40,000; Presbyterian church, Albany, N. Y., 
1882, $80,000; First Spiritual temple, Boston, 18S3, $120,000; St. James' Episcopal church. 
New \'ork, 1883, $130,000; Newton Baptist church, Newton, 1885, $43,000; St. John's church, 
New York, N. Y., 1889, $390,000; St. John's church, Stamford, Conn., 1890, $128,000; Holy 
Trinity church. New ^'ork, N. Y., 1888, $180,000. Norcross Brothers also liuilt the Ames 
Memorial monument at Sherman, Wyoming Ter., at a cost of $62,000. It has medallions of 
Cakes A. and Oliver Ames on either side, cut on the solid stone, sixteen times life size. This 
monument is situated on the highest elevation of the Rocky Mountains that is crossed by the 
Union Pacific railroad, and commands an extensive view from this road. 



LUTHER SHAW & SON, 



Brass Founders and Manufacturers of Babbitt Metal and Solder — Works, No. 29 

Jackson Street. 

A great engine and machine liuilding center, Worcester offers many advantages to the skillful 
brass founder — inducements that have brought hither several noted masters of that art, among 
them the firm of Luther Shaw iS: Son, who established themselves here in 1880. The success of 
the concern was immediate, and a fine business was being built up when, four years later, the 
senior member, Mr. Luther Shaw, died, leaving all of his interests in the hands of his son, who 
entered business with him in 18S0. The surviving partner is a thorough jiractical brass-worker 
and an enterprising young business man, and as sole proprietor is making for his house a high 
and deserved reputation for fine workmanship and promptitude in the execution of orders. The 
foundry and shops at No. 29 Jackson street, occupy the entire brick building, two stories and 
basement, 40 x 40 feet, the basement being used for storage, with foundry on the first and 
pattern shop on the second floor. Five expert workmen are employed, and every convenience 
provided. The specialties comprise brass castings of every description, together with composition, 
zinc, lead and white metal castings for all conceivable purposes, and the manufacture of Babbitt 
metal and solder for the trade. 



t 



90 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



E. O. KNIGHT, 



Manufacturer of and Dealer in Engines and Boilers, Appliances and Engineers' Sup- 
plies — No. 142 Union Street. 

Worcester mechanics excel in the construction of engines, boilers and kindred devices, not a 

few o! the most valuable improvements 
in thi.s line having originated here. A 
prominent representative of this indus- 
try is Mr. E. O. Knight of No. 142 
Union street. Mr. Kuight is a native 
of Lincolnville, Me., a practical engine- 
l)uilder of large experience, and was 
the junior member of Clark & Knight, 
established in 1878. Mr. Knight suc- 
ceeded to the sole proprietorship in 
1884. His equipment of special tools 
and machinery embraces all that is re- 
quisite, and he transacts a large busi- 
ness in manufacturing new and repair- 
ing old engines and boilers, besides 
buying, selling and exchanging second- 
hand engines on liberal terms. He is 
also agent for and carries a large stock 
of Waters' governors, automatic inject- 
ors, lubricators, heaters and engineers' 
supplier of all kinds. Orders for new 
w(irk or jobbing of any kind are given 
immediate and skillful attention. 

The Clark & Knight vertical engine 
illustrated herewith is so simple as to 
be readily understood by even a novice, 
while it is at the same time a most per- 
fect and effective machine, capable of 
developing great power without undue 
strain or danger of "running through 
itself," as it is technically called. The 
material, workmanship and finish are 
of the highest order, and, in a word, 
nothing has been left undone to place 
and keep this engine in the front rank 
of those employed for light manufactur- 
ing and kindred purposes. 




PRATT & INMA.N, 



Importers, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Iron and Steel —'Nos. 15 and 17 

Washington Square. 

The oldest and one of the most extensive houses engaged in supplying Central Massachusetts 
manufacturers and mechanics with iron and steel in all grades is named above. Founded m 
1829 by Joseph Pratt & Co., for forty years the concern had no local rival and controlled the 
market throughout this region. When i't is remembered that Worcester has been an miportant 
manufacturing centre almost from the beginning of this century, it will not be difficult to 
comprehend that the transactions of this house must during its long career have aggregated an 
immense total and that it must have wielded vast influence in the industrial development ol the 
city and county. It is unnecessary to follow the various changes that have taken place in its 
personnel. Suffice it to say that in 1853 the present style was substituted for that ot J. H. Pratt 
& Co. The firm now consists of Messrs. F. H. and W. H. Inman, though the title Pratt & 
Inman is retained. The premises embrace two floors 40 x 120 feet each at Nos. 15 and 17 
Washington square, and are constantly stocked with full lines of choice merchant bar, rods and 
other forms of choice iron and steel, such as are required in this market, and which are supplied 
in quantities, to suit at lowest quotations and on favorable terms. Buyers and consumers of this 
class of materials are invited to call and inspect stock and facilities in the full assurance of 
honorable and liberal dealing. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



9f 



GEORGE E. WEBB, 



Builder of Row Boats, Sail Boats and Steam Launches — Pleasure Boats for Hire — 

Lake Quinsigamond. 

Probably no sheet of water of the same extent in the world is so crowded with pleasure 
craft in the season as Lake Quinsigamond, nor can any similar lake boast the same facilities tor 
boat-building. Of yards devoted to this industry there are two — one (which is the oldest) at 
the upper end of Lincoln park, conducted by Mr. George E. Webb and completely equipped for 
the construction of any style of craft. This enterprise was established in 1872 by a Mr. O'Leary, 
who sold out to Mr. Webb in 1887. Provided with ample water front, boat-house, floats and 
shops, Mr. Webb employs several skilled workmen and is prepared to contract for building 
any kind of boat from a steam launch to a twelve-pound canoe or racing shell. Of the latter 
class he makes a specialty, and has built many of the fastest ever put in the water. Of launches 




he has designed many, some of which are kept here and others have been sent to other points. 
The two neatest and swiftest steam launches on the lake are from his shop, one 25 feet long to 
carry eighteen passengers, James A. Norcross owner; the other 18 feet long, O. A. jefts 
owner. He has also buih many boats of all styles for the local boat clubs. Besides building boats 
for sale and to order, Mr. Webb owns sixty-five small craft (including skiffs, canoes and shells) 
and three sailing craft which are kept for hire, and those desiring a pleasure sail on the lake 
will be accommodated at moderate prices. His craft are all kept tight, dry and clean, provided 
with cushions, and all conveniences. 

»• Mr. Webb is a native of Lowell, a polite and obliging man, and an amateur oarsman with a 
record. He is also a practical boat-builder, for several years was the only one on the lake, and 
has made a first-class reputation as a practical designer and builder of all kinds of boats. 



LAKE VIEW HOUSE, 



H.'W. Goodnoyv, Proprietor — West Shore, Lake Quinsigamond. 

Lake Quinsigamond is the great summer attraction of this vicinity, and much has been done 
to render it a pleasure resort worthy of the city and of the State. One of the latest important 
permanent improvements was the erection of the Lake View House, opened to public patronage 
by the enterprising proprietor June 17, 1889. The Imilding, occupying a beautiful elevation 
;above the lake shore and convenient to the water side, is an architectural ornament, 44 feet 



92 



INLAND JiIASSACHUSElTS ILLUSTRATED. 



square, four stories in height, with broad verandas on two sides facing the lake on a level with 
the lower floor and extending all around the house at each upper story. At the summit is a 
lookout that commands a view of the lake and surroundings in every direction for many miles. 
Within the arrangements are in keeping with the exterior. The bijou of an office is fitted up in 
beautiful style, as is also the commodious dining hall and refectory. There are twenty-two 
private rooms for guests, each communicating with the office by means of electric bells, and all 
elegantly t'urnished, as are the parlors. Lighted throughout Ijy gas and electricity, with hot and 
cold water, baths, telephone connection, a luxurious table and attentive service, with all modern 
comforts and conveniences, it is difficult to realize that one is not in the heart of the city. Mr. 
Goodnow, the proprietor, owns two elegant miniature steamers — the Media and the Marion — 
that ply regularly on the lake during the season, carrying pleasure-seekers to all points of 
interest at nominal fares. The landing is but a few steps trom the house, and multitudes avail 
themselves of the facilities thus afforded for a sail upon the placid waters. Tourists, pleasure 
and wedding parties can find no more enjoyable spot or better accommodations than are afforded 
by the Lake View with its shady surroundings, airy parlors, elegant refreshment rooms and 
numberless other attractions. Mine Host Goodnow is a well-known feature of the lake, where 
for several vears he presided over the clambakes tor which the shore is famous, his popular 
hahitat\>Q\Vi^ Goodnow Landing. He hails from Clinton, is a genial boniface and a liberal, 
enterprising, popular man. The season opens May i and continues until closed by approaching; 
winter. 



W. C. YOUNG & CO., 



Manufacturers of Machinists' Tools — No. 17 Hermon Street. 

When one reflects upon the vast amount of machinery in use and constantly in course of 
construction and repair, it is not difficult to understand that the industry of making tools for the 
use of machinists must l)e an important one. New England is the very home of this industry, 
and Worcester the progressive is one of its principal centers. A leading house in this line is 
the one named above, established in 1879 and occupying the building Xo. 17 Hermon street. 
Mr. W. C. Young, sole proprietor and a native of Leominster, this county, is a practical and 
thorough machinist, who in a career of many years has made numerous valuable improvements- 




in the ajipliances to which he devotes his attention. His eouijiment of iron and steel-working- 
machinery is complete, and includes two 80-horse-power boilers and a loo-horse-power engine. 
A working force of thirty skilled mechanics is employed, and the output, unexcelled for neatness- 
and effectiveness, is sold all over the United States, in addition to which there is a large and 
growing foreign demand. The machinery and tools made here comprise a superb line of devices 
for the use of iron and woodworkers, among the more noticeable of which may be mentioned 
screw-cutting engine lathes, screw-cutting foot-power lathes, screw-cutting bench lathes, hand 
lathes, back-geared hand lathes, plain bench lathes, wood turners' lathes, pattern-makers"^ 
lathes, amateur foot lathes, chuck lathes, slide rests, "Standard" lathe tools, etc., and the 
celebrated Taft's punches and shears for working iron, steel and brass up to five-eighths of an> 
inch in thickness. 



INLAND INIASSACHUSETIS ILLUSTRATED. 



93 



LORING GOES & CO., 



"Manufacturers of Machine Knives, Cutters, Plates for Dies, etc. — Corner Goes and 

Mill Streets. 

It is now just sixty years since -Moses Clement, an ingenious mechanic of the highest class, 
began the manufacture in this city of machine knives and similar appliances which he contin- 
ued for many years, being succeeded by L. Hardy & Co., and they by L. & A. G. Coes. This 
firm continued in business, extending their facilities from time to time and making a national 
reputation for superiortiy of product until 1869, when Mr. Loring Coes l)ecame sole proprietor, 
and, under the style of Loring Coes & Co., still conducts the industry on a growing scale at the 
old stand on Coes street, corner of Mill. The plant is an extensive and valuable one, com- 
prising one main liuilding of two and a-half stories, 40x100 feet, engine-house and storage 



1^ 



A 




I -^ 



building. The machinery outfit, embracing all requisite special tools and appliances, is first- 
class and driven partly by water and partly by steam power. A sufficient force of skilled work- 
men is employed, and the output very heavy and valuable, comprising every description of 
machine knives, shear lilades and strips, plated stock, moulding cutter jilate, die stock for 
leather, cloth and paper-cutting dies, lawn mower and hay-cutting knives and paper Ijlades. 
Mr. Coes was born and has passed a long and useful life in Worcester, where he is univer- 
sally respected as an upright and public-spirited citizen. 



BOSTON CLOTHING COMPANY, 



Dealers in Men's, Youths' and Boys' Clothing — Nos. ig6 and 198 Front Street. 

More than fourteen years ago — in 1S76 — Mr. Jaccjb (Jodinski establishetl the Hoston Clothing 
Company at No. 192 Front street, where he remained until October last, when, his growing 
business demanding greater space and better facilities, he removed to Nos. 196 and 198 on the 
same street, where, occupying a splendid 44 x 125-foot salesroom fitted up with plate glass front 
and other modern equipments and appointments that cost $3,500, he is prejiared to show his 
customers a magnificent stock of goods, comprising every grade of ready-made clothing for men, 
youths and l)oys, underwear, furnishings, hats, umbrellas, canes, fancy articles, etc. He also 
carries a choice line of ladies' garments in popular fabrics, which, like those for the males, are 
sold at lowest cash figures. Mr. Godinski employs nine assistants, and his transactions for 1889 
aggfegated over $200,000. 



94 



INLAND MASSACm.'SETTS ILH."STR.ATED. 



M. E. HALL, 



Merchant Tailor. Ladies' Dress and Cloak Maker, Dealer in Cloths and Tailors* 
Trimmings — Garments Neatly Cleaned and Repaired — No. 203 Main Street. 
No excu-^e short of abject poverty will ser\e the ill-dressed resident ot Worcester, facilities for 

obiainint: £:ood clothing are so abundant. Among the oldest and most reputable tailoring house* 

is that of Mr. M. E. Hall, No. 205 
Main street, established hft}-hve 
years ago by L, W, Sturtevant. to 
whom Mr. Hall succeeded September 
I. iSSo. The premises consist of 
six rooms, two of which are devoted 
to the sales department, one to the 
use of the cutters, one to the tailors, 
and the remainder to the dress and 
cloak department — the latter started 
in the Wginning of May, 1S90, and 
presided over by an experienced and 
competent lady niikiisU. Eight first- 
class hands are employed, and the 
house is kept busy on custom work 
for city patrons, both ladies and 
gentlemen, special attention being 
given to orders for fine tailor-made 
garments for the former and fashion- 
able clothing for the latter. Mr. 
Hall has also superior facilities for 
iesigning and making coachmen's 
nd footmen's liveries, riding and 
.unting suits, and invites attention to 
his large and varied stock of fabrics 
-iiitable for those classes of garments. 
A cleaning and repairing department 
> also conducted in connection with 
". he shop, and great care is taken with 
.11 work of that kind. In the depart- 
nent of ladies' tailoring special facili- 
■.ies are pro\nded. and orders are 
executed in a stvle equal to that of 
the most celebrated metropolitan 

ladies' tailors, while prices are much lower. Mr. Hall, who is a trained practical cutter, is a 

native of Worcester, learned his trade in Boston, and is master of all its details. Young. 

energetic, industrious and ambitious, he has before him the prospect of a useful and successful 

career. 




L. W. PENNINGTON. 



Designer. Manufacturing Jeweler and Diamond Setter — No. 81 Mechanic Street. 

The manufacture of jewelr\- and society emblems from original designs is an industry- in which 
art culture and inventive genius combine with a high order of trained manual skill to produce 
articles in the precious metals that shall at once please the eye and ser\e some purpose of utility 
or adornment. Thorough masters of this art in all its branches are comparatively few in number, 
and when found are usually kept busy as bees on orders from all classes of customers. One of 
the most accomplished and successful designing and manufacturing jew elers of w hom we have 
any knowledge is Mr. L. W. Pennington, who occupies the second floor, 15 x 3S feet. No. Si 
Mechanic street, where he has a superb equipment of late improved niachiner\- and appliances, 
steam power, all requisite conveniences, and emplo^^s five or six experts. As before intimated. 
Mr. Pennington's specialty is the designing and execution of fine work in the precious metals and 
the making of novelties in jeweln,-. militan,-. ci\"ic and society Ixidges and emblems and similar 
work of the best grade. He is also a diamond-setter of rare skill and judgment, and gives careful 
attention to orders for electro-plating, gilding, acid coloring, oxidizing, and repairing and 
lapping of even,- description. Parties ha\-ing in their possession broken or worn-out plate, 
jewelr}- or other articles of gold or silver will find here a ready sale tt full prices. Mr. Pennington 
is of English birth, came to America sixteen years ago. and was engaged in business at 
Providence for several years prexious to coming here in 1SS7. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATE!"). 

CLABK MOULDING WORKS. 



95 



M. E. Clark, Treasurer and Manager — Factory and Salesroom, No. 7 Harris Court; 

Entrance from No. 15 Jackson Street. 

Tliis tloiiiishiiig enterinisc (iiii:;inate(l in ;i small curlain pole ring luisincss ostalilislied some 
years ago by Mr. M. E. Clark. Ills success was so pronounced thai in 18SS it was deemed 
advisable to increase facilities and output liy investing larger capital, wliereupon the present 
concern was incorporated witii $7,000 stock, Mr. Clark assuming the general management and 
later the treasurersliip. Tlie plant com]irises a large four-story frame factory building, the 
salesroom iieing situated on tiie ground lloor lacing Harris court, readied l)y way of Jackson 




street from Main. Upstairs are the shops, fitted up with appropriate woodworking machinery, 
particularly noticeable features of which are several special machines for turning wood rings and 
curtain and portiere poles, the invention of Mr. Clark himself. The force of skilled workmen 
in the factory varies trom twelve to twenty, as may be retpiired, and the output, embracing the 
latest styles in fine cornice poles and trimmings, picture trame mouldings, room mouldings, etc., 
is very large and valuable. A complete assortment of these devices, together v\ ith samples of 
sweep poles, angle joints and brass trimmings, is exhibited in the salesroom, where orders are 
received for large or small lots. The goods are also being introduced elsewhere, and already a 
liberal demand exists lor them as far east as Bangor, Me., south to Washington, in Pittsburg, 
throughout Ohio, as far west as Minneapolis, and even in the Canadian cities. Mr. Clark is a 
practical mechanic of sixteen years' experience in this and kindred industries. He began by 
serving a regular apprenticeship to picture-frame working, and was subsecpiently for five years 
foreman and salesman for the Worcester Moulding Company — a position which he resigned in 
1887 to put in operation his machine for turning curtain-pole rings, now a prominent feature of 
his extensive'business. This wonderful device, after many failures by others, he finally jierfected 
and patented in 1888 — a machine that at once multiplies production and cheapens cost. The 
old method was to make each ring from a separate block; by the new a stick of proper 
dimensions six or eight feet long is introduced, the machine started, the knives revolve both right 
and lelt, and the rings are thrown off faster than several men could make them on the old-style 
lathe. 



95 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

H. H. MASON, 




Manufacturer of Cutlery — Grinding, Polishing and Repairing — No. 195 Front Street. 

It is not an unusual thing to hear it asserted that for some reason American cutlers cannot 
jiroduce fine goods that will equal the same grades and styles made in England, and that the 
workmen of no other nation can successfully compete with our peculiarly skillful British cousins. 

There is unquestionably some ground for dis- 
trusting the ordinary run of German and Ameri- 
can pocket cutlery, razors, surgical instruments, 
etc., but it is unadulterated nonsense to say that 
the American mechanic, who excels in all other 
avenues of industry, must of necessity fail when a 
reliable blade is required of him. The simple 
fact is that we have become accustomed to de- 
pendence upon England for this class of goods^ which for many and sufficient reasons are made 
in the mother country more cheaply than here, and when oflered our choice between an English 
and an American pocket-knife or kindred article, the price being the same, nine buyers out of 
ten will choose the former; consequently it does not pay to manufacture the more costly grades 
here on a large scale, and it is only once in a great while that we find a home cutler who de- 
votes his attention to producing the very best. Such a one is H. H. Mason, who opened a shop 
at 195 Front street, Worcester, September i, 1889. Here, occupying one floor 28x31; feet, 
and provided with special machinery and appliances driven by steam, lie is prepared to respond 
to all demands upon his skill in a manner calculated to reflect credit upon his country and him- 
self. Pocket-knives in any style are made to order or rebladed from choice English steel and 
warranted; razors are concaved, honed and re-handled equal to new; table cutlery, carvinijand 
butcher-knives, pocket-knives, shears and scissors ground, sharpened, repaired and polished in 
the best manner, and special attention given to putting in perfect order and making surgical in- 
struments. Salislaction is guaranteed to all customers. Mr. Mason has a fast-growing trade at 
home and throughout New England, and does considerable work to order for New York dealers. 
He has a secret process for engraving on steel blades which does the work quickly, cheaply and 
beautifully. 

Mr. Mason is a native of \Yaterbury, Conn., and during the civil war was a sergeant of the 
Second Connecticut volunteer heavy artillery. He is also an active member of the G. A. R. 



SHEDD & SAELE. 



Civil Engineers and Surveyors — Room 36, Knowles Building, Worcester; Room 15, 
Masonic Temple, Nashua, N. H.; No. 74 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I. 

The profession ot civil engineer is one that requires for its successful prosecution severe and 
unremitting application, energy, patience, mathematical accuracy and a high order of 
intelligence, together with careful training of the p' "eptive and descriptive faculties and a 
never-lailing land of general imformation concerning topography, land and building laws and 
kindred matters that may be drawn upon at will. It is not surprising, then, that so many fail 
to achieve either fame or fortune in its uninviting paths, or that so few, comparatively, of those 
who seek favor and distinction by means of the theodolite, the level and the drawing table 
succeed in rising above mediocrity. Among the most successful young civil engineers in New 
England may be named the firm of Shedd & Sarle, established in 1S88 and composed of Messrs. 
Edward W. Shedd, a native of Brookline, Mass., and O. Perry Sarle, jr., born at Warwick, R. 
I. These gentlemen are worthy and well-equipped representatives of a difficult calling, and are 
making for themselves an excellent reputation besides securing a patronage that keeps them and 
their six competent assistants very l^usy, at home and in adjoining States. They give especial 
attention to surveying in all its l)ranches, to the planning and supervison of drainage, and to the 
preparation of maps, in which they excel, as is shown by a recent series made for the city of 
Woorisocket that display extraordinary cleverness and attention to details. The writer of this has 
had frequent occasion to visit Shedd & Sarle's Worcester office, and has seen and admired much 
ot their work, among the most notable examples of which may be mentioned an intricate map of 
the city in sections for the use of the Gas Company, showing the mains; a large map for the 
Electric Company, indicating location of poles and lights; a large map for the Street Railway 
Company, showing the course of the various lines; preliminary surveys, plans and estimates for 
lour electric and two steam railways. They are also doing the engineering for the Worcester 
^nd Nashua street railway companies, and are kept pretty busy at all seasons, their duties taking 
lioth of the firm and their entire force of assistants into the field during the worst weather of the 
past winter. Shc(ld & Sarle's Worcester ofiice, one of the most desirable in the city, is room 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



97 



36 on the fifth floor of the Knowles building, reached by elevator, and commands a very fine 
view of the eastern half of the city and the hills beyond. A call will convince any one that their 
facilities and resources are equal to all reasonable demands. They have another office at Nashua, 
N. H. (room 15, Masonic building), where two competent assistants are employed, and are also 
associated with the firm of Shedd, Sqrle & Shedd, No. 74 Westminster street. Providence, R. I. 
Worcester telephone connections — Office, 41 1-4; E. W. Shedd's residence, 5-5; Providence 
telephone call,' 1066-2. 



G. W. INGALLS & CO. 



Manufacturers of Organ Reed Boards, Vox Humanas, Octave Couplers, and 

Tremolos — No. 25 Hermon Street. 

Manufacturers and lovers of the church and parlor organ will be interested in a l)rief sketch of 
this concern, one of the most famous of the kind on the globe. Mr. G. W. Ingalls, the veteran 

improver and maker of organ attach- 
ments, is a native of New Hampshire, 
and early, manifested genius for the 
kind of mechanical work to which his 
life has 1)een devoted, entering a factory 
in 1842. He subsecjuently established 
himself in business at Concord, N. H., 
where he remained, devising and per- 
fecting improvements, until 1866, when 
he removed to Worcester and began 
manufacturing upon a more extended 
scale. Successful from the first, the 
demand for his products steadily 
increased and his facilities and trans- 
actions expanded until at this time his 
factory, situated at No. 25 Hermon 
street, requires for its accommodation 
two floors each 50 x ico feet, equipped 
with the most approved special 
machinery, the plant representing an 
investment of a considerable amount of 
money. About fifty specially trained 
artisans are employed, and the output, 

_ mostly order work for American and 

foreign organ Imilders, is very large 
and valued at many thousand dollars annually, consisting of the latest improved organ reed 
boards, vox humanas, octave couplers, tremolos, etc., unsurpassed if equaled by the work of 
any other maker. Among the other distinctions conferred upon Mr. Ingalls for his achievements 
in this field of effort was the grand diploma conferred at the Centennial Exhibition, Philadelphia, 
1876. Mr. Ingalls is an elderly gentleman of culture and courteous manners, entirely devoted 
to his art. He is a good citizen and universally respected. 




COATES CLIPPER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 




Manufacturers of Coates' Patent Horse and Barbers' Clippers, Coates' Patent Nail 
Cutter, and Kidder's Patent Improved Awl and Tool-Holder and Plumb-Bob 
Combined — Nickel Platers — No. 237 Chandler St., Worcester, Mass. 



98 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



A. A. COBURN, 



Boat Builder — Lincoln Park, Lake Quinsigamond. 

Mr. Coburn is one ol tlie hest-knmvn tii^uies connected with Worcester's great pleasure 
resort, with which ho h.is been identified during the past fifteen years or more. At first, and up 
to iSSi, he confined his attention to pnividing boats o( all kinds — a venture that proved popular 




and profitable and in the prosecution ot' whicli he accumulated a latge fleet of small craft, mostly 
built by and tor himself. Ten years ago he began the business of building boats tor others, 
and has made tor himself an enviable reputation for taste, skill and ingenuity, having perfected 
many improvements and evolved new styles of water cratt that capture the fancy of lovers of 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



99 



aquatic sports. One of his greatest successes was the noted "Adirondack," unc<)ualed in point 
of elegance of design, comliined with strength, speed and steady sailing (pialities. This style of 
boat is in general use for pleasuring all over New England, and gives unvarying satisfaction. 
Mr. Coburn has a spacious boat-yard and landing on the lake front, and near l)y are his shops, 
where four skilled workmeij ^re employed the year round; at times even more help is requirtd. 
Local oarsmen and amateurs are his regular customers, and he does a thriving and steadily in- 
creasing business year by year as this most healthful muscle and lung-developing exercise grows 
in ]nd)lic favor. The factory is 30x50 feet in dimensions, two stories in height and completely 
ecjuipped for the purpose of modern lioat-building. Mr. Coburn introduced in the fall of 1889 m w 
machinery propelled l)y steam so as to expedite his work of boat-building, in order to meet the 
rapidly increasing demands made upon him for his product in water craft. His success is due 
to consummate skill and care in the conduct of his business, coupled with the exercise of honor- 
able methods in all his transactions with customers. A cut of the boat-house and factory is 
presented herewith. 

PELLETT BROTHERS, 



Contractors, Masons and Builders 

Messrs. T. A. and [ohn C. I'ellett are natives ol 
was in business ]irif)r to his removal to Worcester, 




finest ecclesiastical structures in the State 

part of New England. Estimates submitted at short notice 



—No. 47 Wellington Street. 

Brattleboro, \'t., where the senior brother 
and where he left many memorials of his 
skill in building. Me has had many years' 
experience in his calling and is a thorough- 
ly competent builder. The copartnership 
ot the brothers was formed in 1888, and 
has proved advantageous to themselves and 
to their patrons, as is shown by the largely 
increased business they transact, their dis- 
l)ursements for wages alone the past year 
aggregating $20,000 or more Their stone 
and storage yards are in the rear of 47 
Wellington street, and are aliout 100 feet 
square. Here is kept on hand a large 
stock of pink and gray granite. Long- 
meadow sandstone and other materials, 
and a number of men are steadily em- 
ployed getting them into shape for use. 
The private hotel in front was erected by 
and belongs to the firm, and is an ornament 
to that part of the city, four stories in 
height, 50x60 feet, constructed in the most 
durable and tasty manner of brick with 
stone trimmings and marble pillars along 
the facade. They were also the builders- 
of the magnificient new St. Paul's church 
on Chatham street, near Main, one of the 
Contracts are made and buildings erected in any 



PRESPEY PERO, 



Hermon Street Foundry — Manufacturer of Tool, Machinery and Ornamental Cast- 
ings — Office, No. 35 Hermon Street. 

The toundryman fills an important place in industrial economy — it would hardly be an exag- 
geration to say the first place, since without his aid it would be impossible to construct most of 
the machinery by means of which other productive industries are prosecuted. Of the many 
representatives in this city of this leading interest few have achieved a more enviable reputation 
than Mr. I'respey Pero, whose specialties embrace every description of tool, machinery and orna- 
mental iron castings, the local demand .for his superior work keeping him busy at all seasons. 
Mr. Pero"s office is at No. 35 Hermon;. street, where he will be found ready to receive orders 
during business hours. His foundry, equipped with every requisite appliance, 50x120 feet in 
area, is at the rear, where forty expert moulders and assistants are employed. 

Mr. Pero was born in Canada, but came with his parents to Worcester during infancy, and 
is to all intents and purposes a thorough American. About eighteen years ago, being an ac- 
complished and experienced practical foundryman, he built and started his present foundry for 
a Mr. W. E. Phelps, who retired from the business in 1877, Mr. Pero becoming the purchaser 
and proprietor. 



lOO 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



NON-SECRET ENDOWMENT ORDER. 



Herbert Mcintosh, A. M., Supreme President and Counsellor; J. O. H. Woodman, 
Supreme Secretary ; Wm. F. Ewell, Supreme Treasurer — Office of Supreme Sec- 
retary, Burnside Building, No. 339 Main Street, Worcester. 

i The Non-Secret Endowment Order presents a most attractive plan of investment that can- 
not fail of commending itself to the thrifty mechanic, clerk, professional man, small tradesman 
and others whose independence is sufficiently precarious to render the certainty ot a fixed in- 
come when ill, a few hundred dollars at a specified time as the fruit of an investment, or a mod- 
erate sum for the immediate use of the survivors in case of death, an object worth providing for 

at small expense. 
The Order was in- 
corporated u n d e r 
the general laws of 
Massachusetts, Sep- 
tember 17, 1889, 
and though but a 
year and a half old, 
already boasts a 
m e m b e r s h i p of 
more than 5000 
and steady and rap- 
id gains wherever 
introduced. The 
.Supreme Secretary's 
otifice is in this city, 
in the Burnside 
building, No. 339 
Main street, which 
IllllJ is also general head- 
quarters of the 
Order. There are 
four local assemblies 
in Worcester, and 
we are assured by 
intelligent members 
that the workings of 
the institution are in 
all respects perfect 
and without friction. 
Absolutely non- 
secret, the objects 
of the order are to 
furnish some protec- 
tion to its members 
at actual cost. 
There is nothing 
speculative about it, 
no life insurance 
feature as such, and, 
though inculcating 
fraternal sentiments, 
its members are not oath-bound or otherwise hampered morally. The cost of admission, includ- 
ing entrance and charter fees, registration and certificate, is six dollars; women as well as men 
are eligible to membership and official position, and assessments and benefits are graduated 
thus : 




Amount Paid on 


eac 


h 


WeeUlv Benefit wlien 


Amount paid at end of fi\'e 


Assessment. 






Sick or Disabled. 


years, less Benefits received. 


$1 50 






$20 00 


$500 00 


I 20 






15 oo 


400 CO 


go 






10 00 


300 00 


60 






5 00 


200 OD 



■Sick benefits are charged with interest at six per cent., and what remains to the credit of the 
■certificate, less payments made on account of such illness, is paid in full to the holder at the ex- 
piration of the five-year period. Should a ijiember die within two years his accrued assess- 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



lOI 



nients, less sick benefits and interest, will be paid to his representatives; if after two years, such 
proportion of the full benefit will l)e paid as represents the time during which he was a member. 
The feasibility and practical common-sense of the plan is entirely demonstrable in theory, and 
in practice is proved every day. 

Any one of good character and in good health may become a member — by charter in the for- 
mation of assemblies; afterward by petition and ballot. Dues cannot exceed four dollars per 
annum, but assessments are made every month if the funds are needed to meet obligations. 
There are no grand or State bodies, and therefore no expense on that account, all the business 
of the order being managed direct from this city. We append a list of the supreme officers, 
trustees, etc. : Herbert Mcintosh, A. JV:^., Supreme Pres. and Counsellor, Worcester, Mass.; J. 
O. H. Woodman, Supreme Secretary, Worcester, Mass,; William F. Ewell, Supreme Treas- 
urer, Worcester, Mass.; Edgar R. Howe, Supreme Organizer, Worcester, Mass.; Samuel F. 
Myrick, Supreme Vice-President, Worcester, Mass.; E. H. Trowbridge, M. D., Supreme 
Medical Examiner, ^^'orcester, Mass.; C. C. Fuller, Supreme Instructor, Worcester, Mass.; 
Wm. L. Robinson, Supreme Conductor, Worcester, Mass.; Charles G. Hastings, Supreme 
Guardian, Manchester, N. H.; B. F. Robinson, A. M., Past Supreme Pres., Worcester, Mass. 
Trustees of the Corporation: Hiram H. Ames, Chairman, Worcester, Mass.; Ray W. Greene, 
M. D., Clerk, Worcester, Mass.; James Pursey, Worcester, Mass., J. R. Fitzpatrick, D. D. S., 
Worcester, Mass., Henry W. Holland, Worcester, Mass. Supreme Advisers: Ciilbert G. Davis, 
Worcester, Mass., Henry R. \Mieeler, Worcester, Mass., D. L. Merrick, Brattleboro, Vt. 
Supreme Financiers: Herbert M. Wilson, E. H. Franklin, George S. Coleman, Worcester, 
Mass. 



JOS. A. SAWYER & SON, 



Machine Jobbers and Manufacturers of Special Machinery — No. 47 Hermon Street. 

The cut herewith presented shows the arrangement of friction pulleys, shafting and hangers as 
made by Jos. \. Sawyer & Son for running sewing machines by power. Thousands of these are 
in use in corset fac- ._,_ 

tories, shoe factories 
and other establish- 
ments. By virtue of 
their simplicity and 
durability they give 
unvarying satisfac- 
tion. Mr. Joseph 
A. .Sawyer estab- 
lished himself in 
Worcester as a 
builder of special 
machinery in 1865, 
and gradually made 
for his enterprise a 
high reputation. 
About eighteen 
years ago he took 
into partnership his 
son Thomas J., who 
is now sole proprie- 
tor under the former 

style of Jos. A. Sawyer & Son, the father dying in the spring of 1888. The shops, fitted 
up with improved machinery and a fifteen-horse-power steam engine, and giving employment 
to several expert workmen, is situated in the building No. 47 Hermon street, taking 
up one entire floor, 38 x 75 feet. Here, besides the device illustrated above, is made a great 
variety of machinery for special purposes, including a combined hand and jiower planer for iron 
work, of excellent design and workmanship, weighing about 1,100 pounds and planing over a 
surface three feet long, fifteen inches wide and thirteen inches high; scouring and stoni-ng 
machines for finishing the edges of boot and shoe heels, imitation stitch-marking machines, 
steam-heating wax cups, double-crank foot-powers, superior exhaust fans for drawing dust from 
machinery, etc. The house also deals in wax thread sewing machines and duplicates of every 
description. Mr. Thomas J. Sawyer was l)orn in New Jersey, and since 1865 has lived in 
Worcester. He is an energetic, thorough-going and successful practical mechanic and business 
man. 




I02 



INLAND MASSACHUSET rS ILLUSTRATED. 






WORCESTER STEAM BOILER WORKS, 

William Allen & Sons, Proprietors — Office, No. 57 Green Street. 

These works were succeeded to by the present proprietors about fifteen years ago, and are 
constantly busy in the manufacture of first-class, steam Ijoilers of the various types and all kinds 

of steam machinery and bolt 
iron work. Among the spec- 
ialties manufactured by this 
concern are dye-wood extract- 
ors, bleaching kiers, steam 
boxes and the Allen improved 
steam heating boiler for low- 
pressure heaters for dwellings 
and business blocks. The 
plant covers about one and a 
half acres, near the centre of 
the city, and consists of com- 
modious boiler shop, machine 
and woodwork shops, foundry 
and building room, all of brick, 
with spur tracks from the 
~ various railroads centering in 

the city, making the delivery 
and shipment of goods easy and convenient. Aliout 150 hands are constantly employed in the 
various departments. The house aims to make nothing but the best of work, and their reputation 





is such that their goods are sent to all parts of the country, lioilers of their manufacture being 
found in every State of the Union from Maine to California. The patented improvements of 
their boiler tVont are such as to cause an ever-increasing demand for their work. Among the 
recent batteries put in by this firm are twelve loo-horse-power boilers at the Melville Rubber 
Company's Works, Melville, Mass., and ten, each of i25-horso-po\ver, at the works of the 



INLAMD MASSACHUSE'ITS ILLUSTRATED. 



103 



Woonsocket Rubber Company, Woonsocket, R. I. Many plants are being put up for electric 
light companies, and among these are eight boilers of 150-horse-power each for the Worcester 
Electric Light Company, and three of loo-horse-power each for the Nashua (N. H.) Electric 
Light Company. The boilers and dyewood extractors of this company are to be found also in 
Mexico, Central America and .South America, and their dyewood extractors are sent into Canada ' 
as well. 



J. E. SNYDER, 



Manufacturer of Upright Drills — No. 17 Hermon Street. 

The manufacture of upright drills for the use of machinists, 
blacksmiths and ironworkers generally is a much more impor- 
tant industry than is imagined by those not interested in the 
handling of machinery. Several large Worcester concerns are 
devoted exclusively to the construction of this class of devices, 
none of whom are more widely and deservedly popular than the 
house of J. E. Snyder, whose drills are in use all over the 
United States and exported to foreign countries. The firm when 
established in 1883 was Currier & Snyder, but dissolved in 1888, 
when Mr. Currier retired and Mr. Snyder took sole charge. The 
plant is a complete and valualile one, including all necessary 
machinery, tools and apjiliances, driven by steam, and occupies 
one floor, 40 x 100 feet, of the building No. 17 Hermon street. 
From fifteen to twenty expert mechanics are employed, and a 
very large amount of first-class -work is turned out, Mr. Snyder 
confining his attention to upright drills exclusively, which he 
makes in several styles. Our cut represents the new 28-inch 
drill, greatly improved and perfected and unexcelled for 
effectiveness and all good qualities. Mr. Snyder, a native of 
this State and a thorough practical machinist, personally 
superintends his works and critically inspects every job turned out ol his shop. 




JOHN KIRSCHNER & SONS, 



Plain and Fancy Job Printers — No. 406 Main Street. 
Printing establishments are of all classes, big, little, good, bad and indifferent, and the trade 
is no exception to the rule that fine workmanship is just as likely to he obtained trom a small 
concern as from a large one, while it is a maxim of the craft that a medium-sized office, carefully 
managed and employing skilful and accurate workmen, is much more profitable, in proportion 
to capital invested, than a large one. This holds good in the case of John Kirschner & Sons, 
who own and operate one of the neatest and most profitable little printing houses in the country, 
employ no journeymen, do all the work themselves, and earn a comfortable living, while it is 
more than suspected that their bank account is out of all proportion to their pretensions. At 
any rate their expenses are comparatively light; they turn out tasty and fetching cards, note, 
letter and bill-heads and a general line of small mercantile printing, charge reasonable prices, 
and have little to worry them. Messrs. Kirschner & Sons' office is at No. 406 Main street, third 
floor. They have a comprehensive assortment of appropriate new type and material and two 
modern improved job presses, and, being all practical and skillful printers, they fill orders 
promptly for plain and fancy work. Mr. John Kirschner is of Cierman liirth; his sons, Richard 
H. and George F., are Americans. 



NEWTON DARLING. 



Manufacturer of Satinets — Chapel Street, Cherry Valley. 
This mill, situated ujioii the site of a former one, burned in 1887, is an important addition 
to the industries of the vicinity, and cannot well fail to score marked success. It was completed 
in October, 1888, and is consequently new in all its appointments and of capacity entirely dis- 
proportioned to outward appearance, the machinery equipment embracing the latest and most 
valuable improvements. Mr. Darling had the advantage of several ' years' previous experience 
in the same branch of business in connection with his brother, and brought to his present enter- 
prise great skill, energy and capacity. Exclusive attention is given to the manutacture ot high- 
grade satinets, for which there is increasing demand (the output of this mill ranking with 
the best and in great favor with clothing manufacturers). Bacon, Baldwin & Co. are selling 
agents' Franklin street, New York. 



104 



INLAND MASSACllUSlCriS ILLUS'lKAl EU. 



EZRA SAWYER, 



Manufacturer of the Patent Magnetic Separator-^No 33 Hermon St. 

As is WL'll-known, there is in all machine sliops and nielal-workinL; establishments a vast deal 
of waste occasioned l)y the loss of materials that in the processes of turning, filing and polishing 
have become so inextricably intermingled that hitherto little or no effort has been made to 

separate' them. ( )in- cut represents a remarkably ingenious and 
effective magnetii' metal separator, devised and patented by Messrs. 
Ezra Sawyer and H. I'itts, and now manufactured by the lormer at 
No. ^^ Ilermon street, Worcester. It is a simjile machine, has been 
found exceedingly useful for separating [larticles of iron and steel from 
brass, copper, composition, etc., and is employed for that purjiose in 
many leaihng shops throughout the country. The wlu'el shown in 
the cut contains three hundred and sixty magnets, to which the iron 
adheres, and is carried to a brvish cylinder in the rear of the machine 
and there removed, while the brass and other foreign substances fall 
iiUo the box in front. Its utility and cajiacity for this kind of work 
art- wonderful, the separation bt'ing thoroughly made w ith the least 
)M).ssible labor and trouble. The machine pays lor itself in a short 
lime in the saving of time and labor, to say nothing of the inijiroveil 
- ' "~ (|uality of stock thus treated. Brass stock, cleansetl with the machine, 

can be used tor the best kinils of work. .\ No. I machine is large 
enough for an ordinary shop, while the No. 2 machine has a little more than twice the capacity. 
No. 3 is twice the capacity of No. 2. The machine may also be used I'or separating iron from 
emery, granular rubber, ores, etc., and is doubtless capable of various other applications. Mr. 
Sawyer's shop is well-e(|uipped to fill orders promjilly, a notable feature being a special mag- 
netizer t'or charging the magnets used in the separator, lie devotes his entire time and attention 
to this business, and orders are promptly executed. Trices ol the newly imi)roved separator: 
No. I, $135: No. 2, $225; No. 3, $350. 




P. E. SOMERS, 



Manufacturer of Tacks and Hungarian Nails — Fine Shoe Tacks a Specialty — No. 17 

Hermon Street. 

' ^ Mr. Somers was formerly a member of the firm of Somers Bros., tack manufacturers, estab- 
lished 1SS4, and which dissolved .September 13, iSSq, Mr. 1'. K. Somers continuing on his in- 
ilividual account at the old stand. No. 17 Ilermon street. One floor, 35x95 leet, of the build- 
ing has so far sutficed for his reciuirements, but his trade is steadily growing, and the indications 
are that he will lutd more room ere long. At present thirty tack machines are run up to their 
capacity and emplovment is furnished to twelve hands, the output of tacks, hungarian nails, etc., 
large in (|uantity and value, being disposed of to the trade east, west and south. l'"ine shoe 
tacks is the leading specialty, and for these the demand is fully e(|ual to the facilities of manu- 
facture. (Inly the best material is used, and the gooils made here are unsurpassed in point of 
excellence, w liile prices are as low as can be made anywhere. Twelve of the tack machines 
now rvnniing were built from patterns made by himself, and are sujierior to any others in use. 
Mr. Somers is of Irish birth, coming to this country in cliildhood. He is a practical and 
experienced tack-maker, and a liberal, courteous business man. 



G. S. & A. J. HOWE, 



Wholesale Dealers in Oils, Dyestuffs and Chemicals — Sole Agents for Harkness' 

Saponified Red Oil — No. 20 Foster Street. 

The conmiercial center of a great manufacturing district, and herself the seat of magnificent 
industries that consume vast (piantities of those cmnmodities, Worcester is necessarily an 
important market I'or oils, dyestuffs and chemicals used in the arts. .\ leailing representative ot 
this interest is the famous old house of (1. S. & A. J. Howe, established in 1S51. The members 
of the tirm were brothers. Mr. A. J. Howe dietl thirty-tive years ago, but the surviving partner 
has continued the business under the original style for nearly tbrty years ■ — how successfully is 
attested by the inunense and constantly grow'ing trade throughout central Massachusetts and 
portions of Rhode Island antl Connecticut. The house also has the sole agency for the celebratetl 
Harkness' saponified red oil, prepared at Cincinnati and extensively used by manulactiners o( 
woolen iioods. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



105 



THE WORCESTER FIRE APPLIANCE COMPANY. 



W. H. Raymenton, M. D., President; Henry S. Pratt, Vice-President ; John C. 
Dewey, Treasurer — Manufacturers of the Worcester Chemical Fire Pail and 
Dealers in Fire Appliances of Every Description —No. 38 Front Street. 

An entirely new claimant for public confidence — one whose pretensions are based upon actual 
trial — is the Worcester Chemical Fire Pail, non-evaporating, non-freezing, thoroughly reliable, 
and recommended by the highest authority, among 
its indorsers being the New England Insur- 
ance Exchange, the Factory mutual insurance com- 
panies, Edward Everett, special agent of the 
Fire Insurance Association of England (United 
States branch); the Washburn & Moen Manu- 
facturing Company; President Charles Coburn of the 
Lowell Underwriters' Association; Chief Hosmer of 
the Lowell Fire Department; the Worcester .S>i', Bos- 
ton Herald and Post; the Providence yoicnial , and 
many other competent parties who have seen the de- 
vice tested under trying circumstances. 

The Worcester Chemical Fire Pail is made of glass, 
and incased in a corrugated tin jacket, open at the top. 
The pail is filled with eight c|uarts of a chemical liquid, 
hermetically sealed by means of a soft tin foil cover, the 
latter protected by a loose-fitting tin cover which is 
automatically removed when the pail is taken from the 
hook for use. The chemical used contains no acid and 
will not injure the hands or clothing; nor will it freeze, 
evaporate, or lose its strength with age. Coming in 
contact with a flame, the tluid generates a gas that 
kills the fire instantly. The Worcester F'ire Appliance 
Company was incorporated with $50,000 capital in 
1888, and has offices and shops at 38 Front street. 
The company has also recently added a general stock 
of fire extinguishing apparatus from other makers. 

Dr. W. W. Raymenton, the president, is a director 
of the Historical Society, Vice-President Henry S. 
clothier; 
attorney. 




Pratt is a prominent manufacturing 
and Treasurer John C. Dewey is a son of Judge Dewey and a successful patent 



McCLOUD, CRANE & MINTER, 



Manufacturers of Nuts and Screws 

\'ast ipiantities of bolts, screws anc 




No. 57 Union Street. 

nuts are required liy machinists and woodworkers, and 
the manufacture of these requisites is an industry that 
grows with the population and development of the 
country. Among the most extensive and most noted 
jiroducers is the firm of McCloud, Crane & Minter of 
this city, organized in 1884 by the consolidation of 
Henry Minter, established 1868, with McCloud & 
business in 1872. All of 




Crane, who embarked in the same 

these gentlemen are capable and competent managers, and all 

are practical mechanics who began their several careers at the 

bench, working upward through the grades of apprentice and 

journeyman to that of master. Their premises. No. 57 Union 

street, comprise a commodious three-story brick building 45x90 

feet, fitted up throughout with the best 
and latest improved machinery, not a lit- 
tle of which is of special design and con- 
struction, all driven by a fine thirty-five- 
horse-jiower steam engine. They employ 
steadily forty-five hands, and their output, 
comprising every description of iron and woodworkers' nuts 

and screws of superior quality, is in general use by builders of light and heavy machinery, car- 
riages, etc., east and west. 

8 





io6 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRAJED. 

BOSTON STORE. 



Denholm & McKay Company — A. Swan Brown, President; James J. Hughes, Vice 
President; R. John McKay, Secretary; Thomas Hamilton, Treasurer — Retail 
Dealers in Dry Goods, Carpets, Notions, etc. — Jonas G. Clark Block, Nos. 484, 
486, 488 and 490 Main Street. 

This house was founded twenty years ago by W. A. Denholm and Wm. C. McKay. The 
latter died in 1884, and Mr. Denholm continued under the style of Denholm & McKay until 

March last, when 
he too went the way 
nf all flesh, but 
prior to that event 
Messrs. J . J . 
Hughes and R. 
John McKay (the 
latter a younger 
I'vothcr of W. C. 
McKay) had been 
admitted to the firm 
as junior partners. 
A clearing sale, the 
largest known in 
the history of Wor- 
cester, enabled the 
surviving members 
til settle with the 
Denholm estate, 
and soon after- 
ward the Denholm 
\ McKay Company 
was incorporated 
under the laws of 
New Jersey; 
authorized capital, 
$250,000: paid up 
capital, $200,000. 
In addition to the 
officers named in our caption, the directory includes the names of Walter Callendar and John 
McAuslan of Providence, R. 1., lames Thompson of Hartford, Conn., and A. K. \\'allace of 
Forbes & Wallace, Springfield, Mass., and all are prominently identified with the celebrated 
Syndicate Trading Company, which controls a vast and growing trade all over New England as 
well as the west, the transactions of Denholm & McKay alone averaging nearly a million dollars 
annually for several years past. The new company confidently anticipates, under a more liberal 
policy, a very material increase of sales, and will employ 200 to 300 people in all tlepartments. 
The Denholm iS: McKay Company will continue to occupy tour floors and the liasement of the 
great five-story Jonas G. Clark block; principal entrance, Nos. 484 to 490 Main street; dimen- 
sions: basement, 84 x 132 feet; first or ground floor, 84 x 132 feet; second floor, 84 x 132 feet; 
third floor, 84 x 120 feet; fourth floor, 84 x 120 feet; total, 53,424 square feet of floorage. 
Important alterations and improvements of the interior have recently been made, the stairways 
enlarged, the oKl basement do irs bricked up and new ones made, and a portion of the space 
hitherto set aside for the wholesale department remodeled and turned over to retail purposes. 
The basement is devoted exclusively to the display of household and kitchen utensils and appli- 
ances, silver-plated ware, pictures, Japanese goods and kindred commodities. The first floor — 
the grand bazar — appropriately and conveniently arranged in departments, is set apart for the 
exhibition and sale of staple dry goods at retail — dress, fabrics, silks, velvets, white, black and 
colored goods and prints, linens and cottons, domestic and imported, boots and shoes, hosiery, 
gloves, gentlemen's and ladies' furnishing goods, ribbons, laces", notions, books, stationery, etc. 
On the second floor are the offices of the company and the private offices of the individual mem- 
bers; the millinery, cloak, suit, shawl, ulster and ladies' underwear departments. On the third 
floor are shown immense and comprehensive lines of carpets, rugs, mattings, upholstery goods, 
window curtains of every description, draperies, shades and fixtures. The tourth floor is devoted 
to stock room, and part of this floor is also fitted up for the use of the carpet-fitters, several of 
whom are kept busy at all seasons. Upon the whole, thisjnay safely be pronounced the 
most extensive, as it is the most enterprising and successful dry goods house in the State, outside 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



107 



of Boston. President A. Swan Brown is likewise president ol' the Syndicate Trading Company, 
already referred to. Vice President J. J. Hughes, a member of the old firm, has had many 
years' experience in the dry goods trade of Worcester. Secretary R. J. McKay is of Canadian 
birth and Scotch descent. Both have been in the employ of or partners of the old firm for nine- 
teen and twenty years respectively. Treasurer Thomas Hamilton, during a period of fifteen 
years, under power of attorney from the deceased partner, acted in the capacity of chiet book- 
keeper for the late firm of Denholni & McKay, giving daily evidence of rare business ability and 
probity. 



PEOPLE'S SAVINGS BANK. 



Samuel R. Heywood, President; Calvin Foster, A. N. Currier, Thomas M. Rogers, 
W. W. Rice, Philip L. Moen, Warren Williams, Vice-Presidents; Charles M. 
Bent, Treasurer — No. 452 Main Street. 

The thrifty habits of New England people, and 
more especially of Massachusetts people, have long 
been proverbial. It is not wonderful, therefore, 
that the savings bank system has been here brought 
it to its greatest perfection, reckless speculation prohib- 
ited and the strongest possible safeguards thrown around 
these institutions for the protection of depositors, the 
•statutes of Massachusetts for the regulation of savings 
banks, embracing in their -provisions all thai can 
be desired and providing a model upon which those of 
many other States are framed. Tht industrious mechanic, 
the widow and orphan place their surplus funds here for 
investment, without hesitation or anticipation of subse- 
quent loss, and it is a reassuring fact that of late years no 
serious disaster has occurred to lessen public confidence. 

Among the many prominent savings institutions that 
find employment for and pay liberally for the use of 
money, none enjoy a better reputation or higher stand- 
ing than the People's of Worcester, incorporated May 
13, 1864. The officers, named in our caption, are 
among the city's most public-spirited and responsible 
citizens. The board of managers is composed of the 
■same stamp of men, and embraces Messrs. Henry A. 
Marsh, Harlan P. Duncan, James P. Hamilton, John .S. 
Baldwin, Horace Wyman, Samuel D. Nye, Francis A. 
Gaskill, Theodore C. Bates, Edwin T. Marble, Edward 
F. Bisco and Samuel Winslow. October 31st last the 
books showed deposits aggregating $5,562,664.06. De- 
posits in any amount from one to one thousand dollars 
are received at any time and credited with interest from 
■ the succeeding quarter day — February, May, August and 
November i — and all taxes are paid by the corporation. 
Semi-annual dividends due February and August. The 
banking house is conveniently situated at No. 452 Main 
street, a handsome marble front structure of four stories 
and basement, the offices being located on the ground 
floor. 




ELIZABETH A. BUTLER. 



L. B. Butler, Agent — ^Manufacturer of Extra Oxford Satinets — Valley Falls. 

The late John A. Hunt built a woolen mill upon this site about thirty years ago, which was 
■subsequently burned to the ground, erected the present building of brick, 32x90 feet and four 
■stories in height, at a later period, Mrs. Elizabeth A. Butler becoming the purchaser in 1886 and 
placing Mr. L. B. Butler in charge as agent. It is a two-set mill, equipped for the production 
of extra Oxford satinets, and of these large quantities are made, Messrs. Brigham, Mann & Co., 
of New York, acting as selling agents. 



lOS INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

AMES PLOW COMPANY. 



President, Geo. Von L. Myers; Treasurer, C. J. Whittemore — Manufacturers of and 
Dealers in Farming Implements and Machines — No. 84 Prescott Street; Boston 
Oflfice, Quincy Hall. 
The wniks of iho Anus Tlow Compnny were fouiKled by Joel Nourse in the early thirties. 
Oliver Ames & Sons became owners in 1S61, and they were succeeded at a later date by the 
Ames Plow Company. The works, which extend tVom No. 84 to \o. lOO Prescott street^ 
inclusive, cover a considerable body of land, the buildings comprising the woodworking and 
finishing shop, L-shaped, 80 x 400 feet, four stories in lieiglit: the forge, one story, So x 100 
feet; the foundry, one story, 80 x 2CO teet; cutting, grinding, tumbling and fan rooms; engine 
and boiler-house containing a 250-horse-power steam engine; pattern-shop of four stories, 20 x 
ICO feet, containing patterns of everything made on the premises since Joel Nourse first engaged 
in business; sand and coal-houses, turnaces and cupolas of six or seven tons average daily 
capacity — all brick and of the most substantial character; a spur track connecting the packing 
department with the various rail-roads, by which several car-loads are shipped daily. The 
ecjuipment is complete, the export trade is large, great quantities of plows and agricultural 
implements and machinery being shipped to English agents for transfer to Australia and South 
Africa, besides heavy shipments to those countries, to Mexico, the West Indies, Central and 
South .America. One hundred and eighty mechanics and helpers are employed here, and about 
8,000 plows are made annuallv. The Ames family are large stockhoKlers in this establishment. 
Mr. r. S. Rich has been superintendent of tlie factory tor lil'teen years. The company's Bostoii 
office, to which all communications should lie addressed, is at Quincy Hall. 



C. L. BLAIE, 



Portrait and Landscape Photographer — Artist in Crayon and India Ink — Chase 

Building, No. 44 Front Street. 

It is now about filteen years since Mr. Blair established liimself as a photographer in this 
city, locating at first on Main street, whence he removed in 1S87 to his present conuuodious 
quarters on the seventh floor of Chase building, Xo. 44 Front street. Here, tiomiciled in elegant- 
ly appointed rooms, fitted up with every ilesirable convenience, including the latest improved 
photograpliic apparatus, faultless light, and every conceivable requisite for taking, developing 
and finishing the highest grade of pictures, he enjoys a generous and increasing patronage at 
the hands of the very best class of people, city and country, many coming trom all parts of the 
county in order to avail themselves of his recognized skill. Besides making photographic por- 
traits in the highest style of the art, Mr. Blair devotes special attention to orders for art pic- 
tures in crayon, pastel and India ink, and gives uniform satisfaction in each and all branches. 

Parties desiring outdoor work — lamlscapes, photographs of public and private buildings, 
churches, machinerv, merchandise, etc.. will tinil Mr. Blair thoroughly prepared to serve them 
in the best possible manner, promptiv and at reasonable rates. Himself a skilled and exjieri- 
enced practical photographic artist, he employs only the most capable and competent help, and 
turns out only the best possible wiM'k. 



L. HARDY & CO., 



H. A. Hoyt, Proprietor — Manufacturers of Woodworking Machine Knives, Paper 
Cutter, Leather Splitting. Stripping and other Knives — Shear Blades and Strips 
for Cotton and ^A^oolen Goods, Die Cutter Stock, etc. — No. 9 Mill Street. 

The celebrated house of L. Hardy «S; Co. was tbunded many years ago, and its proilucts are 
familiar to planing-mill men, leather, textile fabric ami agricultural machinery manufacturers all 
over this continent. Mr. H. A. Hoyt, a practical and experienced mechanic, succeeded to the 
proprietorship of the works in 1873, and uniler his capable management they have maintained 
and increased their former well-earned prestige. The shops at. No. 9 Mill street comprise a 
one-story frame building 40 x 90 teet, fitted up with steam power, punch cutter, trip hammer 
and a complete miniature rolling mill. Six competent workmen are employed, and the output 
is quite large and of the best quality, embracing every description of woinlworking machine 
knives, planers, moulding knives, blanks, finished or in stock; paper-cutter, leather-splitting and 
stripping knives; straw-cutter, ensilage, lawn-mower, meat-cutter, cork-cutter, rag-cutter and 
bone knives; shear blades and strips for cotton and woolen goods, and die-cutter stock lor boots- 
and shoes, together with welded stock of all kinds, rolled to any desired thickness. Orders are 
filled with dispatch on reasonable terms and at rock bottom figures. 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



109 



HARWOOD & QUINCY MACHINE COMPANY. 



George S. Harwood, President; Sidney S. Harwood, Treasurer; George Hill, Clerk; 
E. H. Wood, Managing Director — Manufacturers of Woolen Machinery — No. 50 
Lagrange Street, Worcester; Office, No. 220 Devonshire Street, Boston. 

For more tlmn half a century Worcester has been famous for the extent and variety of her 
anachinery manufactures, covering almost every description of time and labor-saving devices. 




Producers of woolen goods all over this continent are familiar with her fame and claims to 
superiority in the construction of apjiliances tor simjilifying and perlecting their work, and the palm 
of excellence so fairly won seems likely to remain in the hands of her mechanics for a long period to 
come. Of those who during the past dozen years have contributed to this result none deserve 
greater credit than the Howard & (^uincy Machine Company, established in i860 and 
incorporated in April, 1881, with $20,000 capital. The officers, named aljove, are all residents 
of Boston, with the exception .of Managing Director E. H. Wood, who makes his home in 
Worcester and has immediate charge of the works. The latter, situated on Lagrange street, 
occupy the first and second floors, each 40 x no feet, of a plain, substantial three-story brick 
building, with commodious blacksmith shoji adjacent. The machinery e(juipment, driven by a 
twenty-five-horse power engine, is first-class, and embraces many special features peculiar to this 
plant and not necessary to describe, but adequate to any demand upon the company's resources. 
The specialties comprise a complete line of the latest improved woolen machinery, including 



I lO 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



I 



everything required in the manufacture troni the raw wool of fabrics in all grades. Especial 
attention is invitetl, among other valuable novelties, to the Bramwell wool card feeder, unrivaled 
for uniformity and general excellence of its work. More than S.ooo of these are in use, and 
they are unanimously declared the only complete machine of the kind ever offered to manufac- 
turers. The general offices of the company are at No. 220 Devonshire street, Boston, where 
those interested will be aftbrded an opportunity of inspecting the various machines and 
appliances made in these shops. 



NEW ENGLAND SHEAR MANUFACTORY. 



John Jacques & Son — Manufacturers of Shears for Cutting Tin, Paper and Cloth — No, 

45 Webster Street, Webster Square. 

The manufacture of shears and kindred devices is one of those industries in which New 
England excels, goods of this kind from her factories competing successfully with those of the 

British and I'.ermans in their own markets, while 

in this country a Ibreign-made implement tor the 

same purposes is regarded as a curiosity. Among 

the successful representatives of this interest must 

be classed the firm of John Jacques & Son, No. 

45 Webster street. The concern was founded in 

1S55 bv William Kean, who was succeeded by 
., John Toulmin, and he by George Rowe, trom 
'* w hom Messrs. Jacques purchased the plant, which, 

under their management, has been entirely 
remoileled and much enlarged, the premises now comprising a handsome frame machine shop 
31 X 48 feet, with 20 x 22-foot annex, the whole eijuipped with appropriate machinery and 
appliances and giving employment to a competent force of skilled workmen. The firm manu- 
facture a very superior line of shears, but make leading specialties of a new and superior style of 
improved cutters and shears of all sizes and styles for cutting paper, tin, sheet-iron, and thin 
material generally. These devices give the best satisfaction wherever tested, and the demand is 
rapidly increasing. Orders are promptly filled, and those interested are advised to inspect goods. 
and prices betore purchasing. 





WM. S. HAGAR, 



Manufacturer of and Wholesale Dealer in Worcester Ginger Ale, Soda W^ater, Tonic, 
Temperance Beers, Fruit Syrups, Dr. Horton's Indian Blood Purifier and Cough 
Mixture, Standard Neura-Cura, etc. — Nos. 39 and 41 E.xchange Street. 

Mr. Win. 1". Brooks started this establishment in 1875, and conducted it quite successfully 
until its transfer to Mr. Wm. S. Hagar in October, 1886. The present owner put into it money, 
skill, industry and enterprise, and has consequently prospered in an extraordinary degree. The 
plant is an extensive one, conveniently situated, with factory and bottling department in the 
30 X 6o-toot basement of No. 39 Exchange street and salesroom and office on the ground floor 
ot \o. 41. His manufacturing outfit is first-class, and the charging of tounlains and bottling is 
done by means of Tufts' improved apparatus, trom five to eight men being employed. Mr. 
Hagar manulactures and deals at wholesale in pure and delicious summer beverages, including 
Worcester ginger ale, soda water and syrups, tonics, and a list of temperance beers that includes 
strawberry, pine-apple, birch, root, white, pear, etc., bottling and selling trom 400 to 500 dozen 
daily during the season, besides filling syphons and charging fountains. He also bottles the 
celebrated genuine Standard Xeura-Cura (nerve restorative ">, anil is proprietor and manulacturer 
ot the wonderful Indian Blood Purifier and Indian \'egetable Cough Mixture, prepared trom the 
original formulas of the late Dr. Wm. Horton, who practiced medicine in Worcester for forty 
years. Mr. Hagar has controlled these remedies for the past three years, and the sale has 
steadily increased throughout New England, the demand exceeding the supply hitherto, though 
he has recently increased manufacturing facilities and is establishing new agencies all over the 
country. The purifier is a combination of pure roots and herbs, unequaled as a blood purifier 
and system regulator — a radical cure tor rheumatism, neuralgia, scrofula, liver, stomach and kidney 
trouliles, eczema, salt rheum, itching and burning diseases of the skin, and diseases arising from 
an impure state of the blood. The cough mixture is likewise «R most efficacious and valuable 
medicine. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. I I I 

W. F. BURGESS & CO., 



Builders of Engines, Pumps, Band Saw Machines, etc., and General Jobbers — Nos. 

140, 142 and 144 Union Street. 

Burgess & Wade foniulcd this House, wlicn, in 1885, they established an unpretentious 
machine shop at No. 66 School street, but Mr. Wade retired in 1888, and Mr. Walter F. Bur- 
gess continued alone until the 15th ot' December last, when Mr. flenry A. Mower became 
associated with him. January i they removed to No. 6 Manchester street, but the demands 
upon their skill and resources increased so rapidly that more space and greater tacilities were 
found imperatively necessary, and they secured a lease for eleven years of the three-story 60 x 
60 foot brick building Nos. 140, 142 and 144 l^nion street, which, remodeled, refitted with a 
new and augmenteil machinery plant and appliances, including a forty-horse-power engine, they 
occupied May i. Here they employ from ten to twelve expert machinists, and are prepared to 
execute at short notice orders for the construction of anything in their line, making leading 
specialties of steam engines, pumps, band saw machines and woodworking machinery generally, 
and the repair of machinery of all kinds. They are also the inventors of a new and greatly 
improved wood pulley ( jiatent pending), to which they invite the attention of those interested in 
this class of devices. Mr. Burgess, a thorough practical machinist and a recognized authority on 
the subject of machinery, is a native of Connecticut, has resided here for seventeen or eighteen 
years, and is a well-known citizen. Mr. Mower was born at West Brookfield, and is an 
experienced and ingenious jiractical mechanic — in tact, an inventor of note — formerly for four 
and a-half years in the employ of the Thomson-Houston Company, tool de]iartment. He is also 
a prominent Freemason. These gentlemen are frequently consulted in reference to the con- 
struction of new machinery, and their services are in constant demand both in and out of the 
city — in fact, all over New England. 



THE BRUNSWICK. 



Haradon & Robinson, Proprietors — Nos. 159 and 161 Front Street. 

On Monday, April 20, 1891, the New Brunswick was opened for the accommodation of the 
hotel-supporting public, and on the evening of that clay the house was brilliantly illuminated and 
a reception held, many hundreds of residents and strangers in Worcester availing themselves of 
the invitation extended through the daily press to inspect the interior arrangements; and the 
verdict was one of unvarying approval. The building, of brick, five stories in height, 40 feet 
front and about 100 feet deep, presents a rather plain exterior above the first story, Init in re- 
modeling and refitting the interior for the present purpose the owner — Mr. R. C. Taylor^ — has 
indulged a refined taste without much apparent regard for expense. The entrance is at No. 159 
Front street, corner of Eaton place. To the left — No. 161 — is a tastily fitted bar and billiard 
room, and to the right are two spacious stores. A broad and easy stairway leads up one flight 
to the office, which is in fact a miniature rotunda with stairs and elevator at the east side, read- 
ing-room in front, dining-room and parlor, connected by folding doors, on the west side, and 
cloak and baggage-rooms, lavatory and toilet room in rear. At the south end of the dining- 
room, and communicating with the kitchen on the filth floor by means of speaking tulies and 
dumb waiters, is the carving and serving-room. A capacious refrigerator and bath-room take 
up the remainder of this floor, which is artistically finished in black birch, with maple flooring. 
The fittings and furnishings are of a character to correspond with the apartments themselves, the 
office desk, reading and dining-room furniture being of quartered oak, neat, strong and hand- 
some, though not gaudy, and electric bells connect with the thirty-four sleeping and sitting- 
rooms, arranged singly and t'//-s!///,\ on the three upper floors. Each of these rooms and suites 
is fitted up in the most unpretentious yet comfortable manner, furnished in art oak and ash, 
with spring and hair mattresses and dainty bedding, body Brussels carpets in a variety of taste- 
ful patterns, marble set-bowls, hot and cold water, radiators for distributing heat, lace curtains, 
and all desirable conveniences, an air of ([uiet elegance prevading each. Of the decorations 
throughout in wainscots, paint, paper and overhead frescoes, it is enough to say that they are in 
ke.'iMng with the spirit that designed and the art that executed the entire work. The whole 
house is perfectly lighted by gas; a fire escape communicates with every room, and a fine new 
fast passenger elevator carries guests to and from each floor. 

Messrs. Melvin E. Haradon and Levi W. Robinson, lessees of the Brunswick, are widely and 
favoralily known to the traveling public. The former, l)orn at Sturbridge, Worcester county, 
was long connected with the Nassnwannoat Palmer and the Cooley at Walerbury, Conn., while 
Mr. RoV)inson, a native of Hampshire county, became popular as proprietor of the Waverly in 
this city. Mr. William C. Hitchcock, who so acceptably fills the position of chief clerk, was 
literally born in and has pursued the hotel business for nearly thirty years. 



I I 2 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

HOPEVILLE MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



George A. Bigelow and Newton Darling, Lessees — Manufacturers of Satinets — Sut- 
ton Lane, South \A^orcester. 

This very complete mill plant was estalilished in 1S70 hy the Hopeville Manufacturing Com- 
pany. The Hopeville Manufacturing Company, E. D. Thayer, President and Agent, and Alex 
Bigelow, treasurer, was organized in 1870, and still owns the property. During the past fall 
and early winter the mill was thoroughly overhauled, new machinery added, embracing the 
latest improvements, and recently started u]i with greatly increased facilities. The plant — what 
is technically known as a three-set mill, although only two sets of cards are run regularly at the 
present time— occupies a three-story brick and frame building 38x72 feet, with which is connect- 
ed a three-story picker-house 20x30 feet. About torty hands are employed, and the thirty-two 
looms and other machinery are driven by two turbine wheels and an 85-horse-power steam en- 
gine. The present capacity is about 500,000 yards per annum, which it is intended to greatly 
increase. The product, satinets exclusively, is of fair quality, and is sold through Bacon, Bald- 
win & Co., Franklin street, New York. 



WORCESTER OIL WORKS. 



Clarkson A. Spencer, Agent — Manufacturers of Cylinder, Engine, Machine, Signal, 
Elaine, Wool, Neatsfoot and All Kinds of Lubricating Oils — Mill Soap a Spec- 
ialty — No. 464 Park Avenue. 

This concern, originally established at Binghamton, N. V., removed to Worcester and started 
works at No.. 84 Southbridge street in 1879, subsequently erecting and occupying the present plant 
— atwo-story-and-basement frame, 20x75 feet — at No. 464 Park avenue. A part of the first floor is 
utilized for office purposes, the remainder for storage, while manufacturing operations are carried 
on in the basement and in the second story. .Several men are employed, and the house, man- 
aged by Agent C. A. .Spencer, transacts a large and growing business with the mill owners and 
machinists of Worcester, central Massachusetts and New England generally, supplying them with 
superior lubricants, including high-grade cylinder, engine, machine, dynamo, signal, bolt, 
neatsfoot, lard, whale, sperm, and the celebrated " Elaine " — the latter an unequaled wool oil, 
ot which a leading specialty is made, prompt and careful attention being given also to orders 
for the best grades of mill soap for the use of fullers. 



M. E. SHATTUCK & CO., 



Manufacturers of Fine Cigars — Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Cigars, Tobacco and 

Smokers' Articles — No. 417 Main St. 
By reason of her geographical position and accessibility liy rail, Worcester possesses many 
advantages of which her enterprising merchants are quick to avail themselves, thus making her 
a leading inland market for certain classes of commodities, not the least important of which 
come under the general head of cigars, tobacco and smokers' goods. A leading representative 
ol this trade — probably the most extensive in the city — is the house of M. E. Shattuck & Co., 
who occupy the first and second floors and basement, each 25 x 90 feet, at No. 417 Main street. 
Mr. Shattuck may fairly claim to have founded the concern, as, when he took it ofi" the hands of 
Essman & Haas in 1858, it was only a small cigar store, doing a limited retail business. Capa- 
ble and enterprising, Mr. .Shattuck increased facilities and extended operations from time to time 
until he tound himself after awhile at the head of a flourishing establishment, with a successful 
cigar factory attached. Four years ago, in order to still further augment and extend the business, 
he admitted to partnership Messrs. James A. Clemence and J. H. Dally, the first-named having 
been in his employ since i860 and the second since 1870. At present the house commands a 
trade that embraces all of New England and enjoys the confidence of dealers to an unusual 
degree. From thirty to forty men, including clerks, local and traveling salesmen and cigar- 
makers, are employed, and transactions tor 1S89 footed up $100,000. Besides handling great 
quantities ot imported and domestic cigars of others' make, the 'firm jiroduces its own specialty 
in the popular "444" cigar, a favorite with smokers wherever introduced. All leading brands 
of plug and fine-cut chewing and smoking tobaccos, cigarettes and snuft's are carried in stock, 
together with a large and varied assortment of smokers' articles, and favorable figures and terms 
are quoted to the trade. From 30,000 to 40,000 cigars are made on the premises weekly. Mr. 
Shattuck, born in Vermont, has resided here since 1853. He is a F"ree Mason, an Odd Fellow, 
and a public-spirited citizen. Both of his partners are Odtl I'ellows, Mr. Clemence a veteran of 
the war, and all are highly esteemed in this community. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. ] I 3 

D. H. EAMES & CO., 



Clothiers — Cor. Main and Front Sts. 

It is now forty years since the firm of 1). II. Eanies ^: Co. was founded and established the 
mercantile house which- has ever since Ijeen one of Worcester's most noted business features. 
Its influence upon the clothing trade of this city has been especially salutary, one of the reforms 
being the establishment of the strictly one-price system upon a cash l)asis, doing away entirely 
with the dickering, haggling and "jewing" that had previously attached to and degraded this 
branch of commerce, more, perhaps, than any other. This step, with the resolute determination 
to sell their goods exclusively upon their merits, without misrepresentation or exaggeration, soon 
fixed the status and reputation of D. 11. P'ames & Co., giving them a standing which has been 
maintained through every vicissitude and enabling them to build up an immense and profitable 
trade without the adventitious aid of sensational advertising — a trade based upon personal and 
commercial rectitude and reliability, and which embraces all classes of the community, from the 
learned professions to the day laborer. D. H. Eames & Co. not only have one price (and this 
is marked in plain figures on everything they sell), but they guarantee their prices to be the 
lowest ol)tainal)le for goods of ecjual value, and refund the money cheerfully if anything purchased 
ot them is not satisfactory in every particular. D. H. Eames & Co.'s salesrooms occupy the 
most conspicuous retail corner in the city, fronting 100 feet on Main and Front streets, hand- 
somely fitted up with all modern conveniences, including spacious show windows on both 
fronts; the basement, 35 x 100 feet in area, is well lighted, and is one of the best salesrooms in 
the city. A competent staff of polite, attentive and well-int'ormed salesmen is employed, and 
the customer, whether rich or poor, is made welcome and no pains spared to show him the 
goods he wants, while styles, .make, fit and price are sure to please. Every description of 
clothing in all desirable grades for all ranks and conditions of buyers are carried in great variety, 
and patrons may depend upon every representation made by the salesmen. 



F. H. KENDEICK, D. D. S., 



Suite 3, Knowles Building, Cor. Main and Chatham Streets. 

Some alleged scientist, basing his calculations upon what he is jileased to call natural laws, 
the past experience of the race and physical degeneration consequent upon contact with a 
gradually developing civilization, has declared that the time is not far distant — say two or three 
centuries — when all mankind, with the exception of occasional abnormal freaks, will become 
totally hairless and toothless — when liquid food only will be consumed, the dentist and the bar- 
ber relegated to the limbo of forgotten public servants, and men and women reassume the 
appearance and innocence, if not the helplessness and other characteristics of extreme infancy, 
with its exemption from the agonies of toothache and of being talked to death. In the mean- 
time, while patiently awaiting that blissful epoch of toothless gums and capillary jioverty, men 
and women are advised to comb their hair occasionally, keep their teeth clean, and patronize 
the dentist as usual — only taking care to avoid the tooth carpenter, who is abroad in the land 
seeking diligently whom he may ruin somebody's incisors, canines and masticators. Among the 
most thoroughly trained, most skillful and best patronized of Worcester's practical dentists is 
Dr. F. M. Kendrick, a native of Rowe, Franklin County, and a graduate of the Pennsylvania 
Dental College at Philadelphia, class of '85. He subsequently practiced for a year at Middle- 
town, Conn., and then removed to Worcester, establishing himself on the east side of Main 
street, between the common and Franklin s(]uare. Three years ago he secured and occupied 
his present beautifully appointed tjuarters — suite 3, Knowles b,uilding, consisting of commodious 
and brilliantly lighted reception and operating rooms and private office, all overlooking Main 
street, with neat and completely ecjuipped work-room attached, where the nieciianical operations 
are carried on — the most delicate and important part of the practical dentist's work, though the 
least trying to the nerves of patient and operator, as many of those who submit their mouths to 
his skillful manipulations (ordinarily great hulking men) make as much fuss as though they 
expected to suffer death or at least the amputation of a limVi. Dr. Kendrick is jirepared with 
all the latest approved appliances of his profession, thoroughly understands his work in all its 
branches, and can guarantee 'satisfaction in every instance, from the removal of a loose milk 
tooth to the extraction of a full set, upper and lower, and their substitution with perfect fitting, 
comfortable, pretty and serviceable artificial teeth. In the delicate specialties of filling with gold 
and crown work he has no superior, and invites comparison of samples and prices. An 
experienced coadjutor assists him in attending his large and growing cliciilclc. Nitrous oxide gas, 
electricity and ether are administered when advisable, if desired. 



114 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



THE EYRIE. 



J. G. Bieberbach, Sole Proprietor — Summer Pleasure Resort — East Shore of Lake 

Quinsigamond, Town of Shrewsbury. 

'['\\v atlructinns of I.nkc (^)uiiisiL;ani(in(l an^ cit llir nm^l ilclii^hlful charactL-r, cniljiacint; all that 
ran jiluase tiic eye of varied landscai^e — [gentle knoll and verdant vale, cullivaled Ljlche aTid 
hlodiiiing bower, rustic villaije and city spire, l)road vistas offertile meadow, towerint; forest and 
clustering copse, distant lilue mountain ranges that bound tiie horizon, and, stretching away to 
lh ■ north and south, the glistening waters lying mirror-like between emerald shores and dotted 
hill- and there with snowy sail, dancing row-boat or toy steamer, laden with light-hearted youths 
and maiilens, fathers, mothi'rs and children, whose only thought is enjoyment, the whole scene 
o'ersjiread by sapphire skies and the ambient air filled with the elixir of lite. It is not many 
years since access to this charming region was made easy liy the construction of a grand approach 
— Southeastern boulevard — broad, smooth and level, which, skirting the lake, penetrates the 
super!) new Lake View I'ark, from the highest point of wliiih may be obtained one of the most 
entrancing of New England views. The most ]iopular means of reaching the lake, however, is 
by rail. The cars, running at frec^uent intervals, are crowded all day and late into the night 
during the pleasant days of spring; summer and early tall by pleasure seekers, who make the 
most of the opportunities for recreation afforded by land am) water, well-behaved people of all 
classes standing u])()ii a fooling of absolute e(|uality, so far as jiublic acconunodations go. Special 
privileges are, however, accorded people of means through private enterprise, several handsome 
sunmier hotels having been erected in the vicinity of the lake. Prominent and popular among 
these is "The Eyrie," luiilt in 1SS2, and managed up to July, 1889, by Mr. Tom Rice, who 
then sold out his interest to Mr. J. G. Hiel)erl)ach and retired. The Eyrie is an ornate four-story 
frame structure, 50 feet sriuare, beautifully finished in natural woods and crowned by a lookout 
from which, with a glass or the naked eye, may be ol)tained a magnificent view in all directions 
for a distance of twenty miles. The house, surrountled by liroad verandas, stands on the eastern 
or Shrewsbury shore, at an elevation of ninety feet above the water, which rijiples at the toot of 
[\\c liill and is easily reached by paths. The interior is in keeping with the prosjiect, richly 
tilled up, ])rovided with all modern conveniences — telephone, electric lights and bells, baths, 
ell'. There are also spacious parlors, and a large, lol'ty, bright and airy dining-room, while 
thirty-lwo beautiful slee])iiig rooms are set apart for guests, the whole establishment newly 
decorated and finished with all the recjuirenunts of a luxurious home, including a splendid grand 
piano. Out doors, five acres of grounds are attached to the hotel, two and a half acres of which 
ar: tastefully laid out in flower gardens, shrubbery, terraces and romantic walks, with steamboat 
landing in front. The subsistence department is abundantly su]i]3lie(l with every procurable, sulj- 
stantial and luxury, and the cuisiiit' is perfect. Tourists and summer visitors will find here every 
pleasure and attention they could desire, at moderate rates. Mr. J. (\. Hielierbach, the owner 
of the jiroperty, is a (Jerman by birtii, a resident of Worcester for twenty-eight years and largely 
interested in brewing and bottling. Mis son and business manager, the ]ioputar host of The 
Eyrie, is a native of Roxbury, and a wide-awake, enterprising, public-spirited business man, 
courteous and oblisfinsj". 



OLIVER P. SHATTUCK, 



Manufacturer of Havana and Domestic Cigars and Wholesale Dealer in Tobacco, 

Pipes and Cigars — No. 369 Main Street. 

This is a leading representative house in its line, controlling a flourishing trade that covers not 
only Worcester city and county, but all of Central Massaclnisetts and a portion of Connecticut, 

^ distributing immense (|uanlities of superior 

goods to retailers on favorable terms. Mr. 
( )liver r. .Shattuck established hiniself here 
in this branch of business in 1869, and by 
upright methods, close ap]ilication and the 
exercise of tact and capacity has succeeded 
in making for himself an enviable place 
among the city.'s most enterprising merchants. 
Ilis store at No. 369 Main street is a very 
attractive one, 20 x 50 t'eet, and fully stocked 
with samples of all goods he handles, but 
gives no idea of the volume of his sales, as 
orders from the trade are filled direct from 
the factory and im]iorting house. He 
handles all grades of Havana and domestic 
cigars, chewing and smoking tobaccos, pipes 
and smokers' articles. Sustaining -close 




INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



"5 



relations with the famous New York ci^ar manufacturing house of I. Henry \: Son, he is general 
agent for their choicest products, among which may be named the celebrated "We Three" and 
"O. P. S. La Norma " brands, the latter made expressly for him, and unsurpassed for good 
qualities by any cigar on the market. Mr. Shattuck is a native of Belvedere, Vt., whence he 
removed to Worcester in 1853. For some years prior to embarking in business on his own 
account he was associated with his 'brothers. Public spirited, enterprising and genial, he has 
served the public four years in the Common Council — a part of the time as president. He is a 
Free Mason, an Odd Fellow, a Knight of Pythias, and highly esteemed l)y a wide circle of per- 
sonal friends. 



THE WIRE GOODS COMPANY, 



Arthur W. Parmaiee, President and Manager — Manufacturers of Wire Chains, 
Awning Hinges, and Wire Articles of All Kinds — No. 20 Union Street. 

Wire is susce])tible of ready and easy mani]:)ulation, and is cajaable of being applied to more 
varied uses, prol)ably, than any other material known to the mechanic arts, ranging through all 

the ramifications of industry 
from the making of a pin to 
the construction and equip- 
ment of a steamship. A 
visit to the works of the 
Wire Ooods Coni])any, No. 
20 Union street, and obser- 
vation of the processes and 
products, would be of more 
value to the student of 
mechanics than the [lerusal 
of a volume u])on that sub- 
ject. This company, incor- 
]iorated under the laws of 
Massachusetts in 1883, with 
$25,000 capital, Mr. Arthur 
W. Parmaiee jjresident and 
manager, has its office and 
warerooms at the place indi- 
cated, connected with which 
is one of the two factories, 
the whole domiciled in a 
AUTOMATIC BLIND AvvMNc FiXTUKKs. Substantial brick building of 

four stories, 150 feet front by 60 feet deep. On Prescott street is the branch factory, also of 
brick, one-story, 80 x 500 feet. Both are ecjuipped throughout with the lattst and best improved 
appliances, the most noticeable of which is a line of ingenious special machinery for making wire 
chain, a specialty in which this comiiany excels and of which the out]nit is simjily inmiense, 
more particularly of the new wire sash chain, so flexible that kinking is impossible. This chain 
is indorsed by builders and carpenters at sight, and is rapidly superseding all other devices 
employed for the same purpose. This, however, is l}Ut one item of the company's products, 
which embrace all goods in which wire is the sole or principal component — patent awning 
hinges, steel door-mats, coat and hat hf)oks, staples, and an interminable catalogue of minor 
articles, all in constant and increasing demand and supplied to the trade everywhere at moderate 
prices and on reasonable terms. A flourishing trade is being built up in (ireat Britain and on 
the continent of Europe. Mr. Parmaiee, who has entire control of the works, is a wide-awake, 
enterprising, successful business man, always at his post. He enjoys the respect and confidence 
of the mercantile conmnmity in an unusual degree. The company gives em])loyment to about 
200 hands. 




BAY STATE LAUNDRY. 



William H. Balcom, Proprietor — No. 17 Church Street. 
Worcester is untiuestionafjly a center of culture of the best kind, as may be readily seen by 
even a cursory observer who notes the (|uiet behavior, courtesy and neatness of the peojile. 
Cleanliness of person and apparel is a matter of course and of habit, as are good manners and 
morality. There are numerous laundries scattered about the city, all of which seem to enjoy a 
fair share of prosperity, and deservedly, but few, if any, are more liberally patronized by the 
best class of citizens than the famous Bay State, established \>y Mr. Wm. H. Balcom six years 
ago. In 1885 Mr. Balcom purchased the Waldo street laundry, removed tlie entire plant to the 



r6 



INLAND MASSAC HUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



commodious premises No. 17 Church street, where, provided with a superb equipment of Empire 
laundry machinery, steam power, steam dryers, etc., assisted by skilled hands, he does a vast 
amount of superior work in his line for city and suburban patrons, keeping several wagons and 
collecting and delivering garments without extra charge. Mr. Balcom is a Massachusetts man by 
birth, enterprising and progressive, and a prominent Odd Fellow. He is ably seconded in the 
management by Mrs. A. B. Jackson, formerly of the Waldo street laundry. 



GEORGE P. KENDRICK & CO. 



Livery, Feed and Boarding Stables — Nos. 12 and 14 Trumbull Street. 

This establishment ranks with the largest and is said to be in many respects the most com- 
plete livery and boarding stable in Central Massachusetts. The building, of brick, 50 x 120 
feet, four stories in height, is well lighted and ventilated, thoroughly drained and kept as clean 
as care and solicitude for the health of th; hors2 can make it, and is in all respects a model that 
it would be well for some others to pattern after. As a result of the pains lavished, the animals 
housed here are always fat, sleek and in good spirits, and it is a pleasure to drive them. The 
same remarks, with proper moditications, apply to the vehicles of the firm, which are stylish, 
nice and bright. Messrs. George P., George A. and Edward H. Kendrick are experienced 
livery men, who devote their attention exclusively to their business, which accounts for their 
success. They own and keep for hire sixty horses, some of them blooded animals and all of 
them creditable roadsters, and an etjual number of fine double and single carriages, coupes, 
hacks and buggies. Those in want of a good turnout for pleasure or business driving or for any 
other purpose will find it here. The firm also have superior facilities for feeding and boarding 
horses by the meal, day, week, month or year at moderate rates, and guarantee the very best 
attention. 



GEORGE KINGSTON, 



Building Contractor, Room 46.^ Knowles Building. John P. Kingston, Architect, 
Room 47 Knowles Building, No. 518 Main Street. 

The numerous fine manufacturing, mercantile and office blocks erected within the 



years indicate that Worcester is gradual!) 



last few 
awaking to modern requirements in architecture, and 
is on the way to a development in this 
respect that will eventually make the hitherto 
conservative old " Heart of the Common- 
wealth " one of the most beautiful and sub- 
stantial of New England cities. The best 
materials are readily ol)tainable in abun- 
dance; labor, lioth skilled and unskilled, is 
plentiful and reasonably cheap, and her 
master Intilders are unsurpassed for energy, 
good taste and technical and practical 
knowledge of their profession, which is at 
once exacting and thoroughly appreciated 
by the thoughful and progressive in all 
ranks of life. Among those who are making 
for themselves a solid and enduring reputa- 
tion is Mr. (ieorge Kingston, who came 
hither from New Brunsvv'ck thirteen years 
ago and engaged in business for himself in 
1883. He soon made his mark, and each 
season has brought him an increased number of valuable contracts, among the most recent and 
important of which were the Woodblock on Belmont street, and the Healy block (shown in 
our engraving) on Jackson street — handsome, substantial and costly brick structures that will 
long attest the professional and mechanical skill involved in their planning and construction. 
These, however, are but two examples out of many that bear witness to his capacity. Mr. King- 
ston's office is in room 46 I Knowles building, No. 518 Main street, where he will be pleased to 
see those who contemplate building improvements of any kind. He employs this season thirty- 
five or forty expert workmen, controls all necessary facilities, and is prepared to execute 
speedily and in superior style contracts for construction of any kind. Mr. Kingston's brother, 
John P., an accomplished and successful carpenter and draughtsman for nineteen years, who has 
had charge of some of the best buildings in the State, occupies the adjoining office, room 47, and 
will give prompt and skillful attention to those requiring plans," specifications and estimates. 
These offices, though on the sixth floor, are quickly and easily reached by means of an elevator 
that plies constantly during business hours. 







THE TOWN OF SPENCER. 



SPENCER, settled about 1740 and incorporated April, 1753, forms an almost 
exact parallelogram four miles wide from east to west, eight miles long from 
north to south, and containing about thirty-two scjuare miles of territory, bound- 
ed on the north by Oakham and Paxton, on the south by Charlton, on the east 
by Leicester and Paxton, and on the west by Brookfield and North Brookfield. 
'Ihe surface is somewhat hilly, though fertile vales abound, and is well watered 
by Seven-mile river, Turkey-hill lirook, and numerous reservoirs and ponds, the 
largest of which. Moose pond, situated in the center of the town, is eighty 
acres in extent, fed by natural springs, and stocked with fine pickerel. Spencer 
Center is connected with the Boston & Albany by a branch railroad two miles 
and a quarter in length. Population, per cenaus of 1890, 8,686. The indus- 
tries of Spencer, though limited in number, are of much importance as regards 
extent, and embrace the manufacture of machinery, leather, boots and shoes, 
wire goods, woolen yarns and textiles, packing boxes, etc. 



BACON & SIBLEY, 



Manufacturers ofMen's, Boy's and Youths' Boots and Shoes. 

The above-named lirm, composed o( Messrs. A. B. Bacon and E. F. Sibley, was formed 
more than six years ago — February, 1885 — and has built up a very large and prosperous busi- 
ness, based upon 
liberal and upright 
dealing and the 
production of first- 
class goods. The 
factory building 
proper is a sub- 
stantial frame 
structure of four 
stories, basement 
and attic, 30x80 
feet, with three- 
story addition, 30X 
40 feet, the whole 
warmed by steam 
a n d thoroughl)- 
well equipped in 
a 1 1 departments. 
One hundred su- 
perior workmen 
are employed, and 
the output of men's, 
l)oy's and youths' 
kip, veal calf, 

grain, buft and split pegged and standard screw boots and shoes averages about fifty dozen pairs 
daily — hand work for the most part, though a fine complement of improved cutting, lasting and 
other machinery, driven by a thirty-horse-power steam engine, is utilized. The footwear made 
here is unsurpassed for quality of material, workmanship, style and finish, and is designed more 
especially for the use of farmers and others whose avocations expose them much to the weather. 
Jobbers through the west and south supply the trade in those sections, and discriminating con- 
sumers are eager buyers when they have once tested the fit and the endurance of the Bacon & 
Sibley boot or shoe. The firm Vnaintain an office and salesroom at No. 131 Summer street, 
Boston. 

J. GREEN & CO., 

Manufacturers of Boots and Shoes — No. 271 Main Street. 

This is the oldest shoe manufacturing concern in Spencer, founded in the memorable year 




ii8 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



1812 — seventv-nine vears ago — by the noted Josiah (Ireen, the successful pioneer of the trade 

in this vicinity, the first, in tact, who permanently estab- 
li^>hed himself here in this branch of Inisiness. Alter a 
long and prosperous career Mr. (ireen passed away in 
1S76, and the management devolved upon his sons about 
1853. They continued thus until 18S4, when the present 
firm of 1. Cireen & Co. was organized by Mr. Charles 
H. (.ireen, under whose capable direction the house has 
flourished as n.^ver before. The factory, a substantial old- 
style iVanvj building of four stories, 40x60 feet, is pro- 
vided with all modern conveniences and appliances, in- 
cluding steam heating apparatus, automatic sprinklers as a 
sateguani against fire, and a full complement of late im- 
proved shoe manul'acturing machinery of the best kind, 
the whole operated by a fine fifty-horse-poWer steam 
engine. One hundred and seventy-five hands are em- 
ploved in all departments, a portion of whom live in 
tenement houses owned by the firm near the factory. The 
fToods made here embrace superior styles of medium grade boots and shoes lor men, women, 
boys, girls and children, and command ready sale wherever offered, principally in the west and 
northwest. In point of material and workmanship these goods are unexcelled. The output 
averages about sixty casjs pjr diem. 




I1ISI \ii i,Ki.:i;\. 



ISAAC PROUTY & CO., 



Manufacturers of High Grade Boots and Shoes — Established 1820 — Boston Office, 

Nos. 105 to III Summer Street. 

This is the most extensive boot and shoe manufacturing concern in Worcester county, and 
one of the largest in the United States, its ramifications reaching every nook and corner of the 
country, and exerting an immense influence upon the trade at large. Vet the house had a very 
humlile and unpretentious origin, when in 1820 Isaac Prouty, the founder, established himself 
here as the village shoemaker, opening a small shop in his own house, employing one or two 
journeymen, and executing orders by hand tor his customers, mostly farmers and their tamilies. 
But ^Ir. Prouty was an enterprising man as well as a superior practical workman, and as his 
patronage grew he increased his facilities. Alter a time he took a step which must have sur- 
prised his slow-going competitors; he built a three-story frame shop 30x60 feet, introduced such 
labor-saving devices as had then been perfected, augmented his working force, and engaged in 

manufacturing to some ex- 
tent for the trade. His ven- 
ture proved successful; or- 
ders multiplied, and ere 
long he found it necessary 
to again enlarge, when he 
liuilt what remains to this 
day the front of the "big 
shop,"" a frame structure of 
four stories, 42x104 feet. 
Since then the additions un- 
der his own and his sons' 
administrations have been 
frequent, large and costly, 
the plant and grounds now 
comprising some five acres. 
I )ur entjraving gives a general 



iilea of the buildings, prin- 
cipally of brick. The famous 
"iiig shop" has grown from 
its original dimensions to 42 
X4S5 feet, the additions being of brick, six stories in height. The warehouse proper, of brick, 
60x400 feet, is six stories high, and connected therewith is an addition, also brick, 60x300 
feet. Throughout the establishment is lighted by electricity generated on the premises and pro- 
tected against danger from fire by a complete system of automatic sprinklers, hydrants and 
escapes. The machinery ecjuipment is superb and complete, comprising every late improved 
device of demonstrated value, all driven by steam power and manipulated by skilled and experi- 
enced workmen, of whom from 1000 to 1200 are employed. In all departments the best order 




INLAND MASSACHUSEII'S ILLUSTRATED. 



119 



prevails; neatness and cleanliness are taught by precept and example, and l'routy& Co.'s great 
factory is a recognized model for all aspiring competitors. The output of this establishment 
averages 300 cases of hoots and from 1800 to 2200 jiairs of shoes daily, annual sales varying 
little from $2,000,000 The goods comprise strictly high grades of men's, youths' and boys' 
calf, kip and grain thick split mining, and Hungarian boots and shoes, together with women's, 
misses' and children's calf, kip, l)uff and split shoes in every style, shape and size, which are 
handled by the trade everywhere and are special favorites among the farmers, lumbermen 
and miners of the eastern, western, middle and northwestern Stales and territories, though 
they are fast making for themselves a market in the south and southwest. 

Isaac Prouty closed his earthly career in 1S72, previous to which time his sons, Lewis W. 
and George P., became associated with him as partners. Lewis W. died also in 1872, since 
which time the remaining brothers, George P., Charles N. and Jason \V., have conducted the 
business under the old firm name, adopted in 1856. The Boston office and salesrooms are sit- 
uated at Nos. 105 to 1 1 1 Summer street. 



BACON, YOUNG & CO., 



Manufacturers of Boots and Shoes for Men's, Boys' and Youths' Wear — Main 

Street. 

This house, while not so old as some of Us local com])etitors, ranks witii the best in point of 
substantial character, progressive spirit, liberality and business enterprise. It was established 
in 1 88 1 by Bacon, 
Kent & Co., the pres- 
ent firm succeeding in 
1888, and being com- 
posed of Messrs. I. L. 
Prouty, J. E. Bacon 
and M. A. Young, in- 
dividually and collect- 
ively gentlemen of 
great experience, un- 
doubted capacity, and 
lofty social and busi- 
n,ess standing and all 
connected as partners 
with the concern since 
its inception. The 
factory is of brick, five 
stories in height, 40X 
85 feet, heated by 
steam throughout, 

and equipped in all departments with the newest and most perfect machinery and appliances, 
including every new invention and improvement of practical value, all driven by a model 
twenty-five-horse-power steam engine. From one hundred to two hundred skilled hands are 
employed as required by the state of trade, and vast quantities of superior footwear are pro- 
duced for the western and southern markets principally, the leading sjiecialties emliracing 
superior lines of fine and heavy kip, heavy kip and sjilit, split, grain and miners', buft", calf and 
grain boots and shoes for men, boys and youths. The goods, well and carefully made from 
selected stock, bear favorable comparison with those of the same class made anywhere, and are 
steadily and surely extending the fame of the house. 




E. JONES & CO. 



Manufacturers of Men's, Boys', Youths' and Children's Heavy, Fine Kip, Veal Calf, 
Split and Miners' Boots and Shoes — Factory, Spencer; Boston Office, No. 103 
Bedford Street. 

Prominent among the leadjng representatives of Spencer's principal industry stands the 
great shoe manufacturing concern of E. Jones & Co. This house was founded in 1841 by the 
late Asa T. Jones. The style changed to A. T. & E. Jones on the admission of Mr. Erastus 
Jones in 1846. The senior member retired and Mr. H. P. Starr became associated with 
Erastus Jones in 1862. Mr. F. E. Dunton entered the firm in 1872, and during the year 
1889 Mr. Starr withdrew, the firm now consisting of Messrs. Erastus Jones and F. E. Dunton, 
the former a native of -Spencer, an enterprising, jiublic-spirited citizen and president ot both the 
Spencer National and Spencer Savings banks. E. Jones & Co's plant comprises the factory 



I20 



INLAND MASSACHUSETIS ILLUSTRATED. 



proper of three stories and Imseinent, 38x80 feet, with 36x54 feet L, connected w iili which is a 
L'ir<Te tour-story warehouse 40x60 t'eet — all trame buildings, heateii by steam, fitted up with 
automatic sprinklers, and eipiipped in the best manner with all modern improved shoe machinery 
adapted to the profitable production of the firm's specialties, driven by a twenty-five-horse- 
power steam engine. Two hunilred hands finil steady and remunerative employment here, and 
the output, unsurpassed for excellence of material, style and workmanship, averages six hundred 
dozen pairs per week of hea\-)', fine kip, veal calf, split and miners' boots and shoes for men's, 
boys', vouths' and children's wear. These goods, standard favorites with the trade and con- 
sumers,' find eager demand in the Boston, New \'ork and western markets. E. Jones & Co.'s 
Boston office is at No. 103 Bed lord street. 



MASSASOIT HOUSE. 



Leighton & Goodrich, Proprietors — Main Street. 
The okl Massasoit was never in its palmiest days more popular than the rehabilitated Massa- 



soil, erected upon the same site in 188S, now conducted by 



Messrs. Leighton iS: Goodrich, 
who took charge in December, 
i8qo. Standing alone upon a 
conmianding elevation oft" Main 
street, the building is an ornate 
modern frame structure of four 
stories, 100x150 feet, with 
French roof and all appropriate 
architectural embellishments. A 
beautiful lawn extends to the 
street, and the approaches only 
suggest the hospitality and com- 
lort that await the guest. The 
interior arrangements a r e in 
keeping. Two elegantly furn- 
ished public parlors, two hand- 
somely appointed reailing-rooms, 
two commodious dining-rooms, 
a grand dancing hall, large bil- 
liard-room and fine ottice occupy 



the ground floor, while up stairs are situated the eighty sleeping apartments, arranged singly 
and c// siiifi, richly furnished, cosy, neat and comtortable. The table is only lavishly supplied 
with every substantial and delicacy in season. The establishment is heated by steam, provided 
with electric annunciators, lighted throughout by gas, antl is in all respects a model hotel, pre- 
sided over by two genial and liberal hosts, one of whom, Mr. Leighton, was tor tour years- 
manager of the Whitney House, Westboro, a native of Upton, a Freemason, an Oddfellow, a 
war veteran and a G. .-\. R. man. His associate, Mr. C^oodrich. was born in Stafford, Conn., 
and is a pleasant, obliging young gentleman. 




DUSTIN & CLARK, 

Manufacturers of Boot and Shoe Machinery, Shafting and Loom Work — No. 11 Wall 

Street. 

Ever)' few months the attention of the trade is challenged by the appearance in the market 
of some novelty for the simplification and expediting of processes in the shoe-making industry. 
There are, however, certain slandartl devices of proved value for which there is a steady demand, 
and it is in the construction of these that the firm of Dustin & Clark excels. This house was 
established at No. 11 Wall street, Spencer, about seven years ago, and has made for itself a 
national reputation for the excellence of its specialties, which embrace a general line of first- 
class shoe manulacturing machirier}-, such as hand and power stamping and boning apparatus, 
wax thread stitching machines, \"arney's pegging machines, Dwyer's patent heel trimmer, etc.,. 
together with shafting, loom work and general jobbing, including skillful repairs of leather-split- 
ting and other appliances pertaining to the shoe factory. They also give prompt and careful 
attention to steam, hot water and gas-fitting for the trade and all who require such work. 
Remarkable skill, accuracy and eftectiveness characterize all machines made here. Messrs. 
Dustin & Clark's shops are located in the one-and-a-half-story frame building, 45 x 30 feet, at 
the above number, and are fully equipped with all requisite facilities — lathes, planers, drills, etc. 
— driven by a ten-horse- power steam engine. The firm confidently reters to its hundreds of 
patrons in all parts of the Union. Mr. Dustin was born in New Hampshire, Mr. Clark in Eng- 
land; both are experienced and competent practical workmen, and they employ a capable force 
of assistants. 



FITCHBURG. 

'T~"HE town of Fitehburg (named for John Fitch, an influential resident and 
* one of the committee who secured favorable action by the General 

Court) was originally a part of Lunenburg. The act of incorporation was finally 
passed and approved by Governor Francis Bernard, February 3, 1764. Territo- 
rially the town is four and a-half by six and a-half miles in extent, hilly, stony, 
and poorly adapted to agriculture, though constant labor for generations has 
accomplished wonders, the census of 18S5 crediting the town with 209 farms, 
3, 676. acres under cultivation, 5,850 acres of pasture, 5,134 acres of woodland, 
and farm products valued at $294,558. The north branch of the Nashua river 
traverses the southern portion of the town, and along its banks and upon the ad- 
jacent hills is built the busy and flourishing 

CITY OF FirCHBURG. 

It is unnecessary for our purpose to follow the history of'Fitchburg as a town 
from 1764 to its incorporation as a city in 1S73. The story differs little from 
that of a score of other towns in this part of the State ; the people bore their part 
in the revolution and the establishment of the State and the nation, planted and 
reaped, built houses for themselves, erected mills and factories, married and 
reared families, served their country in time of need, and in all things proved a 
model community, waxing strong in numbers and wealth and in the accompani- 
ments of modern civihzation — moral and intellectual culture, art and refinement. 

The city extends for a mile or more along the valley of the North branch, 
which forms the business center, interspersed here and there with homes for the 
most part erected long ago, the principal residence districts lying back from the 
river and on the hillsides and summits. There are several neat and well-kept 
parks — the upper and lower commons and Monument park — all situated on 
Main street, the first near the western extremity, the second opposite the Union 
railway station, and the third in front of the court-house, nearly midway between 
the others. In its center is a massive and tasteful soldiers' monument of granite 
surmounted by three bronze statues and guarded by four brass cannon. This 
is the most accessible and most popular of Fitchburg's parks, but will soon be 
rivaled by the upper common. Near the eastern terminus of the street railway 
is the new and extensive Fitehburg park, formerly the grounds of the Worcester 
North Agricultural society. 

Primarily Fitehburg was indebted to the North branch for the establishment 
of manufactures in her midst, but the stream long since proved inadequate to 
the demand for power and was for the most part abandoned for that purpose, 
steam being substituted. The scenery in the vicinity is very fine, and extensive 
and delightful prospects are commanded from the summits of Pearl and Roll- 
9 



122 



INLAND MASSACHUSETl^S ILLUSTRATED. 




SOLDIERS MONUMENT AND COURT HOUSE. 




FITCH BURG RAILROAD DEPOT. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



123 



Stone hills, the former northwest, the latter southwest of the city. Pearl hill, the 
loftiest of the two, is precipitous on one side, and composed of a peculiar variety 
of micaceous rock of little practical value, while Rollstone is a stratified mass of 
the choicest granite, which is quarried in large and increasing quantities for 
building and monumental purposes at home an I throughout this and adjoining 
States. 

The manufacture of woolen goods at this point had its inception in i 793, the 
production of hardware and tools in 1838. The Putnam Machine Company, 
founded about 1 85 8, was the first to engage in that industry, now represented 
here by several extensive establishments of world-wide reputation. Paper, chairs, 
furniture, woodenware and many other useful commodities swell the industrial 
output to vast dimensions. 




WALLACE LIBRARY AND ART BUILDING. 

The Fitchburg railroad, affording direct communication with B:)ston and 
Worcester, was opened for traffic in 1845, the Cheshire and Vermont & Massa- 
chusetts railroad not long afterward, and, with their connections, have contrib- 
uted vastly to the development of the region and the advancement of the city. 
The water- works, of ample capacity, were put in operation in 1872. 

Fitchburg shares with Worcester the honor of dispensing law and justice to 
■the county, having its branch county offices and courts. 



124 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



FITCHBURG STEAM ENGINE CO. 



Frederick Fosdick, President; William E. Sheldon, Treasurer; William J. Clifford, 
Secretary; Charles Fosdick, Superintendent — Manufacturers of Steam Engines 
and Boilers, — Water Street. 

President Frederick Fosdick is a practical engineer, machinist and inventor of long and 
varied experience, formerly employed by the Haskins Steam Engine Company of this city, estab- 
lished in 1870. On the failure of that company in 1876 there was organized and incorporated 
the Fitchl)urg Steam Engine Company, capital $40,000, which purchased the former company's 
plant and made a gratifying success where there had been only failure — a success with 
merit for its corner-stone and industry, enterprise and upright dealing as its foundations. In 
this instance at least the expectetl happened, and the prosperity that has crowned the company's 
labors might have been safely predicted from its inception. It seems a pity that Fitchburg 
should lose so valuable and influential and industrial a concern, but so it is, and a lack of elbow- 
room is the cause. As above intimated, this company upon its establishment occupied the shops 
of its predecessor, the Ilaskins company — three floors of a four-story brick building, 40x130 




feet, on Water street, thoroughly ecjuipped, the machinery driven by a 40-horse-power engine 
of their own construction. This arrangement did well enough for some years, but as the de- 
mand for their work increased they found themselves more and more crowded; expansion in 
any direction was impracticable, and it became necessary to look elsewhere. An eligible site 
was finally secured at Gardner, plans perfected, work begun, and in July the works will be re- 
moved to the fine new shops at that point, a substantial two-story-and-basement brick struc- 
ture, 70x150 feet, fitted up with every convenience, including new and improved machinery and 
tools, and connected with the main railway line by means of a spur track for convenience in 
handling materials, fuel and finished product. The corporation will retain the name — Fitch- 
burg Steam Engine Company — which has earned an excellent reputation, and President Fosdick 
will continue for the present to reside here. He, in conjunction with Charles Fosdick and Wil- 
liam E. Sheldon, are proprietors of the Willard Screen Plate Company of Leominster. 

The engine company's present works are well fitted up and of great capacity, the concern 
employing sixty-five men and paying out in wages about $35,000 per annum. The engines 
made by the company go to every part of the world, the demand for these engines being es- 
pecially great in the United States, Canada, Germany and Holland. These engines embrace 
the latest improvements (many of which are special and peculiar to this company, being 
patented) in high and low speed steam motors, horizontal, vertical, automatic, cut-off, "Cross" 
or twin and tandem compound condensing, portable, semi-portable, stationary and marine — -the 
latter of reversible pattern tor tug boats and yachts. The horizontal twin compound condens- 
ing engine illustrated herewith is an example of simplicity and mechanical skill, as is the special 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



125 



electric light engine constructed here in high or low speed styles, economical, reliable, and fit- 
ted with a positive, simple and eftective patent governor. 

We have exhausted the space allowed, and still have not been able to go into particulars as 
we would wish. Those interested will be supplied with all desired information upon applica- 
tion to the company, who will forward illustrated catalogues, printed technical descriptions and 
price-lists to any responsible address in the world. 



FITCHBURG HOTEL. 



F. W. Judkins, Proprietor; J. E. Alexander and T. J. Sullivan, Clerks — Main Street. 

The Fitchburg Hotel, erected about forty years ago, passed into the hands of Mr. Judkins 
in 1886. The building is of brick, the main structure four stories and wing three stories in 
height, containing in all one hundred and ten airy and spacious sleeping apartments, handsome 
parlors, reception, dining, billiard and bath-rooms, barber shop, etc., the office fitted up with 
pneumatic annunciators, telephones and all conveniences — the whole house being newly fur- 
nished, equipped, decorated and renovated from cellar to attic in 1889. Those who have en- 
joyed the hospitality of this house under the present management require no special invitation 




to return, and those who have not should not fail to do so, as the house is conveniently situated, 
guests are conveyed free to and from all trains, and the ///t'j/aj^Y' is first-class in all respects — in- 
viting accommodations, clean and tidy rooms, restful beds, a table that cannot be surpassed, 
superb service and moderate charges. A good many fastidious citizens board here in preference 
to housekeeping, and this is not to lie wondered at when one has made the acquaintance of Mine 
Host Judkins, and his polite and obliging clerks, Messrs. J. E. Alexander and T. J. Sullivan. 
Mr. Judkins is a native of Lewiston, Maine, and though this is his first venture in the business, 
he is rapidly becoming one of the most successful and popular bonifaces in the country. 



PARKHILL MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



John Parkhill, President; Arthur H. Lowe, Treasurer; Office, Circle Street. 

This manufacturing enterprise was founded in 1880. The company began business in a four- 
story building, 48x150 feet in dimensions, operating at the start thirty looms. The works pro- 
duce the celebrated " 7'()/A' </.'/ A'or</" fabric, fine ginghams and dress goods. The history of 
this house since its inception has been a record of continual success and prosperity, due mainly 
to the remarkable excellence of the product, coupled with the high order of commercial 
enterprise and practical experience of the gentlemen at the head of the management. The en- 



126 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



viable reputation gained by the company's brands are unequaled by reason of their excellence, 
and needs no better illustration than the frequent necessity for increasing the capacity of the 
works. Commencing with thirty looms, the company has added from time to time new buildings 
replete with new improved methods for conducting the business and as recently as August, 1889, 
this company purchased the Clegh mill (manufacturers of fine dress goods) located at No. 204 
River street, thereby adding materially to their already large facilities for the manufacture of 
these special lines of goods. .So that now the company owns and operates three factories 
known as mills \, B, and C, emliracing 1,517 looms, and employment is furnished to 850 oper- 
atives; the products of the mills reaching the enormous quantity of a million and a-half yards 
monthly. The product of these works is sold through Denny, Poor & Co., of New York city, 
and reaches the great west through Chicago agencies. A perfect system prevails in every de- 
partment of this extensive business. Its managers are practically experienced men in their line, 
and give their personal attention to every important detail of the manufacture, so as to insure 
the very best results in placing the goods upon the market. 



F. A. BENNETT. 



Boarding, Livery and Sale Stable — No. 21 Snow Street, near Main. 

Mr. Bennett, a native of Ashburnham, established himself here in the livery and sale stable 
business in 1883. That he has succeeded is evidenced by the fact that his is now the most extensive 

and most largely 
patronized staljle in 
the city, a commo- 
dious and handsome 
three-story addition 
having been erected 
last summer, con- 
structed on the new 
plan, with carriage 
repository on the 
ground floor and 
stables above, thus 
insuring excellent 
ventilation, w h i 1 e 
the drainage and 
general sanitary ar- 
r a n g e m e n t s are 
about perfect. Here 
are kept more than 
eighty horses^ — his 
own and boarders 
— and a large num- 
ber and great 
variety of vehicles, 

inckKJing single and double carriages, buggies, light road wagons, hacks, and sleighs of every 
style. Ten experienced hostlers, drivers and other assistants are employed, ap-d his patronage 
is extremely liberal, not only from residents but from commercial travelers, pleasure tourists and 
others, who find here at all times just the kind of animals and vehicles they want at reasonable 
prices. Mr. Bennett also makes a specialty of buying anci selling horses and new and second- 
hand carriages of all kinds, carrying a large stock of each, besides boarding horses and storing 
conveyances for regular and transient patrons on reasonable terms. 




SIMONDS MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



Main Street, Fitchburg, Mass. 

This pioneer industrial concern has a reputation second to none in its line in America. It was 
founded in 1832 by Mr. Abel .Simonds. In 1S64 the firm of .Simonds Bros. & Co. was formed. 



and in 1868 the Simonds Manufacturing Co. was incorporated, since which time the business 
has very largely developed. Works are now maintained in Chicago, 111., and San Francisco, 
Cal., as well as in this city, but in this sketch mention shall be made particularly of the Fitch- 
burg factory. This comprises two buildings, one of which is four stories in height, with two L's, 
while the other is a two-story brick building 44x100 feet in dimensions. The total floor space 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. I 27 

is almost one acre in area. Employment is there given to 175 men, and the elaborate and costly 
plant is run by two steam engines of 150 and 75 horse-power respectively. 

Among the specialties manufactured special mention should be made of circular saws — solid 
tooth and inserted point — crescent ground cross-cut saws, gang, mill, mulay and drag saws, 
band saws, planing machine knives, leather-splitting knives, etc., all of which are too well and 
favorably known to render detaile<l description necessary. 

The process, machinery and saw are protected by letters patent granted in 1874, 1875, 1877, 
1878, 1881, 1882 and 1885. This saw has an unequaled reputation for efficiency and durability, 
and is preferred by practical millmen throughout the United States. All the productions of this 
company are made from carefully selected material, and no imperfect goods are knowingly allowed 
to leave the works, so strict is the inspection. Having unsurpassed facilities, the company is in a 
position to quote fair prices. 

The president, Mr. Daniel Simonds, and the treasurer, Mr. H. F. Cogshall, are both well 
known business men, prominently identified with the advancement of the best interests of this 
section. 



AMERICAN HOUSE. 



George H. Cole & Son, Proprietors, Main Street, Nearly Opposite Union Depot, 

Fitchburg, Mass. 

A conspicuous landmark in the rise and progress of this city is the well-known and popular 
hostelry, the American House, which was opened to the public in 1846. "The American" is 
in all respects one of the leading hotels in Fitchlnirg, has a frontage of 160 feet on Main street, 
an average depth of 100 feet, and is four stories high. In its architectural construction it is 
somewhat irregular but withal quite unique and attractive. The building contains 100 rooms, 
well lighted and ventilated and equipped with all improvements and conveniences conducive 
to the comfort of guests, including gas light, electric bells, hot and cold water, bath-rooms, 
sanitary appliances, telephone connection. The entire building is finely furnished and perfect 
in its appointments. The dining-room is well lighted and pleasant, fronting Blossom street, 
and has a seating capacity to accommodate 125 guests at onetime. Some twenty-five persons are 
employed in dispensing the comforts of the house, and the iiiishic, in charge of a competent c^wf, 
is unexcelled. A livery stable is connected with the house, and hacks attend upon the arrival 
and departure of all trains for the free transportation of guests and their luggage to and from the 
hotel. The reading-room is large, airy and well lighted; two public parlors are provided with 
piano and other modern social luxuries. Traveling-men's sampling rooms are also a notable 
feature of this modern establishment. In short nothing is wanting to make up what constitutes 
a first-class hostelry in modern metropolitan equipment. The genial hosts, Mr. Geo. H. Cole 
and his son Mr. W. A. Cole, are eminently fitted for the conduct of their business, and since assum- 
ing control of this famous house in Octol:)er, 18S6, they have added many valuable and necessary 
improvements to the establishment. They were formerly in the hotel business for eleven years 
or more at Leominster, Mass., and sustain an envial:)le reputation for efficiency in this important 
department of our commercial and social system. The rates are $2.00 and $2.50 per day — re- 
markably moderate, considering the excellent fare and superior accommodations provided. Mr. 
Geo. H. Barrett presides at the office during the day-time, and is thoroughly posted on the re- 
cpiirements of his responsil)le position. He is assisted liy Mr. Ernest Kendall, who has charge 
of the office during the night. Billiard and refreshment rooms are conveniently located in the 
Ijuilding, and perfect order and discipline prevails in every department of this model house. 



FITCHBURG COTTON MILL. 



B. M. Pitts, Proprietor — Manufacturer of Cotton Warps, — No. 527 Main Street. 

The Fitchburg cotton mill was erected in 1S67 liy the late H. W. Pitts, under whose capable 
direction it was run successfully until his death in December, 1881, when his son, Mr. B. M. 
Pitts, for ten years superintendent, assumed the proprietorship and management. The plant 
comprises five buildings, the mill proper being of brick, four stories, 50x100 feet, containing a 
very fine equipment of modern machinery and 3,100 spindles, the whole driven by combined 
steam and water power. "Sixty hands are employed, and the capacity is 40,000 ]iounds of cot- 
ton warp per month, the product going for the most part to certain Boston carpet mills requir- 
ing high-grade warps. 

Mr. Pitts is a thoroughly practical man in his specialties, and gives his personal attention to 
the execution of all orders. Perfect system prevails throughout, and the best results are attained 
without jar or friction. 



128 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

C. H. BROWN & CO., 



Manufacturers of the "Brown" Automatic Cut-off Steam Engine — Works, Main 

Street. 

The Brown automatic engine, simple in principle and construction, built in the most perfect 
and workmanlike manner, easily managed and attractive in style, meets exactly the wants of a 



hM3 




vast number of mill-owners and manufacturers. Provided with an infallible cut-off attachment, 
strong, durable and reliable, especial attention has been directed to preventing or overcoming 
the effects of expansion and contraction while providing for proper adjustment and lubrication — 

with what success is attest- 
ed by its fast increasing 
sale. This engine was 
awarded the first prize, a 
gold medal, at the Paris 
exposition of 1889, in com- 
petition with the world. 
They also received the 
leading awards at Phila- 
delphia, N e w \' o r k , 
Boston, Cincinnati, 
New Orleans an d 
wherever exhibited. 
The unobstructed opera- 
tion of the valves alone 
commends it to favorable 
consideration. This con- 
cern was established in 
1868 by Mr. C. H.Brown, 
an accomplished mechanic 
and inventor of note, previously a member of the Putnam Machine Company 
and originator of the Putnam engine. His sons, C. H., junior, and F. E., subsequently 
became associated with him, and, being theoretical and practical masters of mechanics 
as ; applied to engine and machinery construction, have proved of great assistance in 
bringing their house to the front. Up to a recent period the firm has confined its attention to 
the ordinary styles, but is now building compound engines, and solicits orders for cross, tan- 
dem or any other kind of any capacity. The works are domiciled in a modern two-and-a-half- 
story brick structure 50x162 feet, on Main street, fitted up with the latest and best appliances, 
and at present give employment to seventy-five skilled workmen, turning out a large number of 
complete engines, of an average value of $3,000, annually. These engines are provided with 
the Brown gridiron sliding valve, and are shipped to every State in the Union, to France, to 
Belgium, to Brazil and elsewhere. 




J':;C-Ji^iNT-C'> 



INLAND MASSACHUSE ITS ILLUSTRATED. 



129 



BURLEIGH ROCK DRILL COMPANY. 



John Burney, President; C. R. Burleigh, Treasurer — Manufacturers of Rock Drills, 
Air Compressors and Ice Machines — No. 129 Main Street. 



The Rock drill shown in our first, cut is but 




Rock Drill Mounted For Surface Work. 

rated in 1867, capital $120,000. After his 
death Mr. John Burney, form -rly of the 
Putnam Machine Company, and lately of the 
Union Machine Company, was promoted 
to'the presidency, Mr. Charles R. Burleigh 
continuing to act as treasurer. President 
Burney and Treasurer Burleigh, with Messrs. 
M. H. Curley, J. Q. ^Yright, and 
D. A. Carey, compose the board of 
directors of the Burleigh Rock Drill 
Company, whose office is at No. 129 Main 
street, F'itchlnng. This company owns no 
manufacturing plant, experience and practi- 
cal knowledge of the machine building busi- 
ness having taught the managers that it is 
more economical and less troublesome to 
have their work done by contract with 
competent and responsible machinists. 
Sales vary from $120,000 to $150,000 per 
annum. All required information is sup- 
plied upon application by letter or other- 
wise, and correspondence is invited from all 
interested n this class of machinery. 



one torm of a machine that has performed no 
small part in some of the most daring and suc- 
cessful engineering achievements of modern 
times. Its first use upon a large scale — and, be 
it said, ere it had been developed to anything 
like its present degree of perfection — was in the 
construction of the Union Pacific railway, when 
it was extensively employed in the deepest cuts 
and most difficult tunnels of that road. It has 
since played an important part in railroad con- 
struction and quarrying, not only in this country 
but all over the world, and is everywhere con- 
ceded the palm of superiority. Among the 
many grand undertakings accomplished in great 
part by the agency of this remarkal^le device 
the Hoosac tunnel, nearly five miles in length, 
is worthy of mention. It is needless to 
say that the machine in some form is 
in universal use. The Panama and Nic- 
aragua canal companies have had a large num- 
ber built to aid in their work of " mingling the 
waters of the Atlantic and Pacific," and the 
manufacturers are kept busy filling orders for 
shipment to miners and railroad builders in the 
west, the south, the southwest, Mexico, Cen- 
tral and South America and more remote por- 
tions of the globe. The air compressors and ice 
machines supplied by this company are also of 
the highest order as regards principle, construc- 
tion and effectiveness. The air compressor in 
]iarticular is of incalculable service in conduct- 
ing untlerground operations where for any rea- 
son tile introduction of steam is impracticable. 
The late Charles Burleigh invented the first 
successful steam drill, upon which he procured 
the n'.;cessary patents, and subsequently organ- 
ized the Burleigh Rock Drill Company, incorpo- 








_*J?ir tNlLCO-ri^- - " 



AiR Compressor. 



I30 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 




14 

fin 

o 



> 
z 

< 

o 
U 

ta 
< 



< 

D 



INLAND MASSACHUSErrS ILLUSTRATED. 131 

PUTNAM MACHINE COMPANY. 



Charles F. Putnam, President; Salmon W. Putnam, Vice-President; Henry O. Put- 
nam, Treasurer; George E. Putnam, General Superintendent — Offices Corner of 
Main and Putnam Streets, Fitchburg, Mass. 

The history of the Putnam Machine Company embraces the first eflbrts at metal-working 
established in Fitchburg, when, in 1836, J. and S. W. Putnam began business for themselves. 
The company was incorporntt-cl in 1S58 by 1). \V. I'utnam, who was chosen president and busi- 
ness agent, which position he held until his death in 1872. The present works, located at the 
corner of Main and Putnam streets — the main machine shop building being 625 feet deep, by a 
frontage of 45 feet on Main street with seven large L's, foundries, etc. — were erected in 1866, 
and cover an area of fifteen acres, the entire plant being provided with the most approved 
modern machines and appliances for the expeditious and efficient execution of this class of work. 
In the production of railroad machine tools, steam engines, etc., this company has enjoyed the 
reputation, well sustained, of being one of the first-class builders of the world; and, although 
since its inception great improvements have been made in this line, it has been this company's 
constant endeavor to manufacture only such as at the time justly entitled them to their world-wide 
reputation. In 1866 the Putnam Tool Company (S. W. Putnam Sons) was consolidated 
with the Putnam Machine Company, and all the valualjle patents and imjirovements in railroad 
machine tools, etc., built by that company became a part of the product of the Putnam Machine 
Company. By this consolidation, the additon of a new iron foundry 150x60 feet in dimensions, 
additional railroad turnouts, iron cranes, steam engines of greater power, replacing the older 
machinery throughout the works with the latest and most improved, now finds this establish- 
ment one of the most extensive and best ecpiipjied in the United States, with facilities for greater 
production than ever before in its. history. A partial list of the products of this great industry 
will doubtless interest the reader. The company, however, publish a comprehensive illustrated 
catalogue, which is designed to give the fullest possible information upon the subject. As far 
as the limited space allows in this work, it may he noted that this company manufacture railroad 
machine tools and special metal-working machinery, steam engines, wood-planers, water 
wheels, mill work, shafting, radial drills, shaping machines, etc., engine lathes, iron planers, 
upright drills, transverse drills, hydrostatic presses, milling machines, gear cutters, bolt cutters, 
pulley lathes, car axle lathes, slotting machines, nut tapping machines, boring machines, pat- 
tern lathes, car wheel boxes, etc. Upon all of which the highest award was given this company 
by the United States Centennial Commission, at the international exhibition in Philadelphia in 
1876. The location of this company's works aflbrds them the very best shipment facilities, being 
on the direct line of the Fitchburg, Boston, Hoosac Tunnel and Western, Old Colony, and 
other important railroad connections. They have unsurpassed advantages for prompt and easy 
communication to all parts of the United States and foreign countries and for obtaining in 
Fitchburg the lowest possible through freight rates on Ijills of landing. Much more could be 
said of this great enterprise, both as to its facilities and honorable record. 

The pci-sonncl of this company comprise gentlemen of superior commercial ability and practi- 
cal knowledge of the mechanical arts. The phenomenal success of the enterprise attests the 
truth of these statements. Their social standing also is of the highest order in this enlightened 
community l)y reason of the deep interest always displayed liy the Messrs. Putnam in all that 
tends to advance the public welfare of this city and the social condition of their army of em- 
ployees. 

FITCHBURG DUCK MILLS. 

Samuel A. Clough, Treasurer; Thomas H. Clark, Agent — Manufacturers of High 
Grade Cotton Duck — Factory at South Fitchburg. 

The Fitchburg duck mills were erected in 1830 by Ceorge Blackburn, who also built the 
mills now owned and occupied by the Fitchlnirg Worsted Company and the Wheelwright Paper 
Company, which were sold after Mr. Blackburn's death, by his daughter, Mrs. Harriett F. 
Nevins, who, however, reservetl the duck mill, which has been run in her interest since the 
death of her father. The premises comprise the main mill building, four stories, 40x100 feet, 
and a two-story addition, 40x40 feet; a two-and-a-half story machine l)uilding 30x40 feet, 
picker and boiler house — all brick — with commodious frariie storage sheds adjacent. The ma- 
chinery outfit includes fifteen revolving flat cards, 3,400 spindles and forty-four looms, driven 
by a 150-horse-power turbine, and 100 hands are constantly employed, the product averaging 
3000 pounds per diem of superior cotton ducks, the specialties embracing the best grades of belt- 
ing, hose and sail ducks, which are distributed throughout the United States and the southern 
repul)lics through the principal office. No. 78 Chauncey street, Boston, presided over by 
I'reasurer Samuel A. Clough. 



132 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

P. S. LOVELL MACHINE COMPANY. 



F. S. Lovell — Manufacturer of Lever-Set Circular Saw-Mills — Dealer in Portable 
Steam Engines, Boilers and Water "Wheels, and Saw-Mill Outfits — No. 87 
Boutelle Street. 

Mr. F. S. Lovell is an experienced and successful machinist, formerly located on Wilson 
street, whence he removed to No. 87 Boutelle street in 1885. In 1887, after the death of Mr. 




C. M. Flint, the famous saw-mill inventor and builder, Mr. Lovell bought the business from the 
executors and has continued to improve the construction until now he has the most accurate set 
and the best dogginc; device applied to any mill in the market, tind he will continue to manufac- 
ture a full line of this class of machinery under more favorable auspices and with better results 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



133 



than attended the labors of the founder, Mr. Flint. The Flint patent mill and a new board and 
timber planer are illustrated herewith. Early in January Mr. Lovell completed and shipped to 
Colon McKenzie of Ellsworth, Me., one of these mills — the largest single saw-mill ever 
constructed in Massachusetts, and perhaps the largest ever made in New England — capable of 
cutting a log five feet in diameter and .fifty-five long and of sawing from 20,000 to 50,000 feet of 
lumber per day. In addition to saw-mill machinery Mr. Lovell manufactures quite a line of 
gingham machinery, such^as spoolers, quillers, beaming appliances, loom temples, etc., and also 
does much fine work in the construction of electric light and plating dynamos, under contract 




for J. W. Colburn of this city. He is, besides, an extensive dealer in water-wheels, circular 
saws, mill supplies, engines, boilers, etc., and is general agent for T. M. Nagle of Erie, Pa., 
manufacturer of portable, stationary, agricultural and vertical engines and boilers. Mr. Lovell 
is an agreeable gentleman and a master machinist, having learned his trade at Worcester, where 
he spent his youth and was educated, going afterward to Clinton, where for seven years he was 
superintendent of the J. B. Parker Machine Company's works. His shops on Boutelle street 
occupy a one-story frame building 40 x 125 feet, are fitted up with steam power, electric litrhts, 
iron and wood-working machinery, furnishing employment to from fifteen to twenty-five skilled 
workmen. The leading specialties embrace the Flint patent lever-set circular saw-mill and saw- 
mill machinery in general, the output averaging about twenty-five complete mills per annum. 



CHAS. A. PRIEST LUMBER COMPANY. 



Factory and Yards, Rollstone Street; Office 45 RoUstone Street. 

Among the representative establishments engaged in the lumber business in Fitchburg special 
mention may be made of this one, founded in 1878 by Mr. Charles A. Piiest, who conducted 
it with extraordinary success until his death, in 1887. His widow, Mrs. Emily Priest, and his 
son, Mr. George H. Priest, succeeded to the business and continued to run it under the above 
firm designation. The son's practical experience in connection with his father's conduct of this 
Inisiness eminently fitted him for the successful management of this important industry. The 
plant and yards cover fully an acre in area. The factory and workshops comprise several 
iaiildings completely equipped with the most approved modern machinery; a force of thirty-five 
skilled workmen are here employed, and the product is in every respect first-class, and largely 
in demand among contractors and builders at home and abroad, consisting of Michigan, Can- 
ada and Northern lumber, laths, clapboards, pine and cedar shingles, in which this house deal 
extensively. This firm also manufactures doors, sash, l)linds, glazed windows, window frames, 
window and picture glass, mouldings, brackets, blinds, trimmings, etc. A leading feature of this 
firm's business is stair building and wood turning. All kinds of builders finish and packing boxes 
are made to order at short notice. School furniture is a leading specialty, of which a 
very large and deversified stock is constantly carried. Both steam and water power are utilized 
in propelling the machinery. -The factory and yards being located adjacent to railroad facilities, 
this firm possess superior advantages for promptness in receiving and shipping. 

Mr. Geo. H. Priest is a native of Hillsboro, N. H., where his father resided prior to em- 
barking in business here. The family is well and favorably recognized in social as well as busi- 
ness circles in this portion of New England. It is a gratifying reflection to the friends and pat- 
rons of this reputable house that the widow of a worthy citizen and enterprising business man is 
a member of a prosperous manufacturing establishment. 



134 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



A. D. WAYMOTH & CO., 



Manufacturers of Variety Wood-Turning Lathes — Newton Place. 

The Waymoth self-centering and self-adjusting variety wood-turning lathe is so well-known to 
and its advantages so well appreciated l^y woodworkers in this and other countries as to render 
a technical description of the machine as a whole unnecessary. It is not out of place, however, 
to call attention to recent important improvements, among them an arrangement whereby all 
side motion occasioned by the continual wear of tail-stock and middle-piece may be taken up, 
thus enabling the operator to keep his lathe firm as the slides wear. The accompanying cut 
illustrates this. The new patent rougher bed permits the use of a nine-inch instead of a two-inch 
knife, as hitherto; the swing head is operated by a rack and gear, which supplant the stud and 
crank, doing awav with the troublesome dead center. The lathe is so constructed that all wear 




can be readily taken up and any mechanic can run it. The new patent rougher knife holder and 
adjustable front tool-holder are entirely satisfactory and guaranteed to save from $75 to $100 a 
year in the time and labor of setting tools as compared with the old style. These lathes, which 
practically have no rivals, were awarded gold medals by the American Institute fair, at the New 
Orleans Cotton Centennial Exposition, by the Cincinnati Industrial Exposition of 1880, and 
highest premiums wherever exhibited. They are sold at remarkably low figures. Mr. A. D. 
Waymoth began the building of lathes in Fitchburg as long ago as 1857, not one turning lathe 
having Ijeen made here prior to that time; not only being the pioneer here, but the first to 
manufacture lathes of this class in the world. In 1875 he admitted his son, Charles W., to a 
copartnership under the present style of A. D. Waymoth & Co. The shops on Newton place 
are 40 x 100 feet in area, fitted up with steam power, planers, engine lathes, upright and hori- 
zontal drills and all necessarj' appurtenances, and gives employment to six superior mechanics, 
who turn out 100 lathes per annum, valued at $175 to $200 each and shipped all over the 
United States, a few being exported, for the most part to Germany. All required information is 
supplied on application. They have already manufactured and sold over 3500 of these lathes. 



GEO. J. D'ALLAIRD, 



Shirt Manufacturer — Jackson Avenue, Jacksonville. 
If enterprise, industry, tact and liberality ever deserved recognition and success, they certainly 
do in the case of Mr. D'Allaird. A shirt-cutter by trade, but familiar with every department of 
that industry, he came from Troy, N. Y., to Leominster in i88g with the expectation of finding 
employment as a journeyman, in which he was disappointed. Among strangers, destitute of 
money or influence, he in July of the year named obtained a sewing machine on the installment 
plan and sat down, single-handed, to solve the problem of shelter and daily bread. But his 



INLAND MASSACHUSE ITS ILLUSTRATED. I 35 

product was of superior quality and found ready sale, and ere long he had three hands in his 
employ and under his immediate supervision in a large room on Jackson avenue. His progress 
from that point was comparatively rapid and easy. His present factory, erected last year — 
frame, 24x76 feet — cost $1200, and its equipment $2000 more, the latter including forty sewing 
machines of the best kind, several improved button-holers, a twenty-horse-power steam engine, 
a dynamo and an qbundance of incandescent electric lights. He employs from seventy to 100 
hands, as the state of the market requires, pays about $800 a week in wages — the best, on the 
average, known to the trade — makes a leading specialty of Domet flannel shirts, and when run- 
ning full force turns out eighty dozen daily, worth $4.50 per dozen. These goods, which rank 
with the best made, are supplied to the trade through Boston jobbers. Mr. D'Allaird trained 
all of his help himself, from cutters to engineer, and has reduced shirt manufacturing to an exact 
science as regards materials, facilities and results. 



FITCHBURG MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



Samuel E. Crocker, President; Adams Crocker, Agent and Treasurer — Manufactur- 
ers of Fine Ginghams, — West Fitchbhrg. 

The Fitchburg Manufacturing Company, incorporated with $20,000 capital in January, iSgo, 
purchased the old Battle mill property, tore down and rebuilt a part, remodeled and altered a 
part, and have as the result a practically new plant, comprising two brick mills respectively three 
stories 40x1 10 feet, and two stories 60x90 feet; a two-story frame storehouse 30x110 feet; a 
one-story brick cloth-room 30x30 feet; a one-and-a-half-story frame tank-room 30x30 feet, 
commodious dye-house, machii\e-shop, etc. The mills contain 180 looms, driven by steam and 
water power, and when in full operation will employ 150 hands. The work of rebuilding, and 
equipment was completed and the mills started last August. The stock since accumulated 
was placed on the market last spring by Deering, Milliker^& Co., selling agents. New York, 
and it is expected that they will at once estal)lish the reputation of the Fitchburg Manufacturing 
Company, as they are extra fine fabrics in original styles. 

Messrs. Samuel E. and Adams Crocker, president and treasurer, are both experienced business 
•men. 



FITCHBURG FILE WORKS. 



F. C. and W. E. Culley, Proprietors — Manufacturers of Hand-cut Files — Works and 

Office, Newton Place. 

The late Eli Culley, father of F. C. and \V. E. Culley, began the manufacture of files on a 
small scale at North Weymouth in 1S64, removing in 1868 to the city of Fitchburg, where he 
built up a flourishing business. Dying in April, i8go, his sons succeeded to the management and 
have greatly increased facilities and enlarged transactions, introducing improved modern meth- 
ods in all departments, mechanical and commercial. The works, situated in a commodious 
building in Newton place, occupy space 100x60 feet, two and one-half stories high, connected 
with which is a grinding room at the rear. The equipment of machinery and special tools is first- 
class and comprehensive, and from forty to fifty experienced and competent workmen are regu- 
larly employed, turning out a superior grade of hand-cut files of all sizes, shapes and degrees of 
fineness, suitable for every conceivable purpose. These goods rank with the best and most pop- 
ular on the market, and are sold by the trade throughout New England, the Middle States and 
the South. These are the oldest file works in this part of the country; their output has an estab- 
lished reputation, and the course of the concern is such as to secure and retain the confidence 
of all interested in this particular class of implements. 



ORSWELL MILLS. 



W. N. Orswell, President; W. F. Stiles, Treasurer — Manufacturers of Cotton Yarns, 

— River Street, W^est Fitchburg. 

Cotton yarn is a staple product for which there is at all times a good market, and among the 
most extensive manufacturers are the Orswell Mills, established and incorporated in 1886 and 
owning the largest plant of the kind in the State outside of Fall River and New Bedford. The 
capital stock of the company, of which the heaviest owner is Mr. C. T. Crocker, is $100,000. 
Mr. W. M. Orswell, the president, is a native of Rhode Island, a practical spinner, and has 
been long identified with the cotton yarn industry in various parts of New England. 

As they now stand the mills represent an investment of about a half million dollars and comprise 



136 INT^\ND ]MASSACHUSE'n>; ILLUSTRATED. 

an iniiiKnsc four-story brick structure, 80x351 feet, fitted up with seven enormous boilers 72 inches 
bv 20 loot each, engines ai:;gre<^ating 1000 horse-power, 24,000 spindles for spinning and 6000 for 
twisting, ten sets of cariis and all niiidern improvements in methods and appliances. About 220 
operatives are employed, and the output, embracing cotton yarns t'rom No. 20 to 50, single- 
twisted and warp, will average 30,000 pounds per week, at an aggregate value of $360,000. 
Hitherto every pound of these yarns has been consumed by some of the twenty-five cotton mills 
who are regular customers, but the plant and buildings are about to be enlarged tor the accom- 
modation of 10,000 additional spindles, and the work will be pushed to early consummation, 
when the company hopes to keep up with its orders. Situated on River street convenient to 
the railroad, and provided with superior tacilities in all dejiartments, the Orswell mills is one of 
the most prosperous and desivalile manufacturing properties in this part of Massachusetts. 

EZEKIEL DAVIS, 



Manufacturer of Paper Mill Bars and Bed Plates, Wood and Leather Working 
Knives — Phillips' Brook, West Fitchburg. 

Manufacturers of paper are interested in securing tor their mills the very best jnocurable 
api^liances. The same rule holds gooil with planing mills, conse(|uently these classes of indus- 
trial representatives will be more than ordinarily interested in this article. The paper mill bars 
and bed plates made by Mr. Ezekiel Davis of West F'itchburg have been practically tested for 
the past tlecade in the mills of this and adjoining States, and have rendered uniform satistaction, 
as have his rag cutter and trimming knives and his machine knives for use in planing and 
moulding mills, logwood, veneer, shingle and leather-splitting knives. Only the finest material 
and \nost expert workmanship enter into the construction o{ these devices as made by Mr. Davis, 
and his rejnitation is established upon an enduring basis. His shop on Phillips" brook is of 
stone, one story in height, 35x125 teet, contains a comprehensive equipment of appropriate 
tools and machinery, and gives employment to a number of competent workmen. Orders are 
promptly filled and satisfaction guaranteetl. 

Mr. Davis, born in New Hampshire, came to Fitchburg in 1S53 — nearly thirty-eight years 
ago. For twenty vears he was employed in a responsible capacity by the Whitman & Miles Slan- 
ufacturing Company, then established himself in business on his own account. He is a court- 
eous gentleman and upright man. 

BEOLI MILLS. 



James Phillips. Jr., Proprietor; James Pierce, Superintendent Manufacturers of 
Worsted Goods — West Fitchburg; P. O. Address, Fitchburg. 

The Boeli worsted mills, situated on River street. West Fitchburg, were completed and 
started in .\pril, 1871. The buildings are all of brick, and comprise the mill proper, two stories, 
60x300 feet; weave shetl, one story, 65x200 feet; second weave shed, three stories, 35x100 
feet, with 35x70 foot L, dry-house 50x115 feet; burling-room, sorting-room, picker-room, two 
stock-rooms and boiler house, the whole lighted by electricity and protected by a system of 
automatic sprinklers. .\ ilescription of the machinery and appliances would be tedious; suffice 
it to say that it inchnles 150 broad looms and that engines aggregating 300 horse-power and a 
35-horse-power breast wheel, taking water iVom the north branch of the Nashua river, are re- 
quired to drive the pickers, cards, looms, etc. Four hundred people are employed about the 
premises, and the output averages about 600,000 yards of fine worsted suitings annually, of 
the value of $1,200,000. The quality of these goods makes them very popular with the mer- 
chant tailoring trade especially. They were awarded a gold medal at the Philadelphia centen- 
nial exposition of 1S76 tor " worsted suitings unsurpassed tor quality and beauty o( style." 
Messrs. Oelbermann, Dommerick & Co., of New York are the selling agents, and the New 
York, New England and western trade are the principal purchasers. James Phillips, jr., is pro- 
prietor of this superb plant . 



THE TOWN OF CLINTON. 



CLINTON, originally a part of Lancaster, was incorporated as a town in 
l\Lirch, 1S50. In area it covers 4,907 acres, and owes its early settlement 
to the fine water power afforded by the north branch of the Nashua and South 
Meadow brook, which, uniting here, form the Nashua river. The f'llls of the 
latter stream were especially inviting, and here John Prescott erected and com- 
pleted in 1654 the first grist mill west of the Sudbury river — the germ from which 
sprang her present varied industries. Horn comb making was introduced at the 
beginning of this century, and a cotton mill was erected in 1S09. The Lancaster 
Cotton Company was incorporated in 1821, and was succeeded in 1S3S by the 
Clinton Company, of which H. N.and E. B. Bigelow were the ruling spirits. 
The latter perfected his Brussels carpet loom in 1849, and the brothers then 
started for themselves. The Worcester & Nashua railroad was opened Novem- 
ber 5, 1847. The town (then called Clintonville) was incorporated in March, 
1850 ; population about 3,000. From that time growth was rapid and substan- 
tial. The village is provided with water works, gas and electric lights, and con- 
tains a population of 10,379. 



BIGELOW CARPET COMPANY. 



James H. Beal, President; Charles F. Fairbanks, Treasurer; C. B. Bigelow, 

Manufacturers' Agent; William B. Kendall, Selling Agent; E. W. Burdett, 

Paymaster — Manufacturers of Wilton, Axminster and Brussels Carpets and 
Worsted and Woolen Yarns — Cor. South and Main Streets. 

The Bigelow Carpet Coniiiany ranks witli the most famous representatives of tliat important 
industry in this country. The enterprise had its inception in 1849, when E. B. and H. N. 
Bigelow and H. P. Fairbanks began on a modest scale the manufacture of carpets in Clinton. 
Mr. E. B. Bigelow constructed the first power carpet loom in the world, continued to improve 
tipon that class of macliinery, and may be fairly pronounced the founder of tlie carpet industry 
at this point. The present company, backed liy ample capital, which has l)een increased from 
time to time, was incorporated in 1S54. \Vith the growth of trade and increase of demand the 
facilities of manufacture have been steadily augmenteil until at this time these are among the 
largest works of the kind in the United States, comprising several one and four-story brick 
buildings that cover 460,000 square feet of ground. The equipment of macliinery and ajipliances 
inchules every improved device of value, together witli all necessary conveniences in tlie various 
departments of carding, combing, spinning, twisting, dyeing and weaving. Three 200-horse- 
power steam engines drive tlie macliinery, anil t'rom iioo to 1200 hands are employed, many of 
whom live in tenements belonging to the company. Every part of carpet-making is carried on 
here, from the preparation of the wool for yarns and worsteds, through the processes of combing, 
carding, spinning, dyeing and weaving, up to the time the goods are ready for market. 
Designing is a specialty, the company employing its own artists, and the original ]iatterns of 
Wiltons, Axminsters and Brussels carpets matie here compete successfully witli the ]iroikicts of 
any similar mills in this country. The company also makes yarns in great variety for the trade 
at lartre. 



J. B. PARKER MACHINE COMPANY, 



1/Ianufacturers of the Bancroft Mule, the Clinton Yarn Twister, and All Kinds of 
Carpet Machinery — Model and Pattern Makers — A. C. Dakin, President; C. C. 
Murdock, Treasurer — Sterling Street, near Depot. 

The accompanying cut represents the J. B. Parker Machine Company's Clinton yarn twister 
10 



I3S 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



made to run in one, two or 



four sections, according to the number of spindles, each sectior* 

running entirely independent of the 

others, the whole machine being 

^ -^-^^br^g. !isS^^S^=^^^4Jj operated with one belt. Different 

~ kinds of yarn can be twisted at the 

same time, and a different twist put 
into each section. One section of the 
twister only need be run to twist a 
small quantity of yarn, and in doffing, 
or when the yarn breaks, only one sec- 
tion need lie stopped at a time. Drums 
are provided for twisting from jack 
spools, or a creel suitable for two, three 
or four-ply yarns, or all, as may be 
desired. The spindle is an improved 
one, with a superior l)earing, in an 
adjustalile spindle stand. Looping and 
knotting attachments are put on whea 
required. The stocking yarn twister 
has an automatic clock attachment, 
which stops each section by itself, when 
the necessary number of yards for a 
skein are wound onto the spool. This 
clock can be set so as to make the 
skeins contain anywhere from 50 to 50a 
yards. Attention is also invited to 
the same company's Bancroft improved 
woolen mule. The main features of 
this machine are the same as heretofore, 
viz: a steel race shaft instead of a race 
belt, and flexible iron chains instead of 
ropes, which, together with a great 
many improvements which have been 
made from time to time, to give strength 
where it is required and insure perfect 
work, renders it as near a perfect mule 
for spinning all kinds of yarn, from the- 
coarsest to the finest, as can be made. 
Among recent improvements of value 
is the new builder, the improved 
spindle with a straight foot, and an. 
attachment for running the spindles the 
other way, for making left-handed 
twist, without changing the bands. 
Every part of the machine is built in. 
the most thorough and substantial man- 
ner, and there being no ropes or belts 
to wear out, the outlay for repairs is 
very small. Satisfaction is guaranteed. 
They also make to order a great variety 
of other ingenious labor and time-saving 
devices for the use of woolen and car- 
pet manufacturers, together with work- 
ing models and patterns for machinery 
of all kinds. These works were t'ounded 
in 1853 by J. B. Parker & Co., and 
have al.ways enjoyed a high reputation 
for the character and extent of their products. The'present company was incorporated in 1875, 
capital $45,000. All of the ofificers named above are natives of Massachusetts and practical 
workmen. They are all connected also with the Clinton Foundry Company, and President 
Dakin is a director of the First National Bank of Clinton. The company's shops are situated in 
the large two-story brick building, 35 x 100 feet, on Sterling street near the railroad depot, of 
which they occupy one floor and an L 35 x 70 feet, the whole fitted up with the best iron-work- 
ing appliances and a twenty-five horse-power steam engine. In all fifty expert mechanics and 
assistants are employed, and a flourishing business is transacted, the output going wherever 
woolen textiles, and especially carpets, are made, [j 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 139 

CLINTON WIRE CLOTH COMPANY. 



James H. Beal, President; Charles F. Fairbanks, Secretary and Treasurer; Charles 
Swinscoe, Manager; H. J. Brown, Superintendent — Manufacturers of Power 
Loom Wire CLoth, Galvanized Hex. Nettings, "Clinton" Wire Lath, Perforated 
Metals, etc. — Sterling St., near Depot; Branches: Boston, New York, Chicago. 

The Clinton Wire Cloth Company, incorporated in 1856, commenced operations on a small 
scale, but its affairs were wisely managed from the start, and now, after thirty-four years of 
almost uninterrupted prosperity, tiie works, representing an investment of $600,000, are easily 
the largest, most complete and most valuable of the kind on the globe, comprising eight distinct 
one, two and three-story brick mills, covering 200,000 square feet of ground, with a massive 
eight-story tower, 185 feet tall, in front. The equipment is in keeping with the buildings, com- 
prising the best and latest improved wire-working and perforating machinery in great variety, 
driven by four steam engines aggregating 400 horse-power. From 400 to 500 people find 
employment here, and the output is enormous in volume and value, comprising ever)' description 
of wire cloth and nettings, such as bolting mills, fanning mills, malt kiln, threshing machines, 
cheese safes, flax sieves, meal sieves, riddle bottoms, coal scre'ens, flour sieves, milk strainers, 
rag dusters, coffee roasters, foundrj' riddles, oat sieves, sand screens, cotton dryers, fruit dryers, 
ore screens, wool dryers, cotton dusters, putty sieves, locomotive stacks, Clinton painted window 
screen cloths, Clinton galvanized wire cloth, Clinton patent twist warp wire lath, brass and cop- 
per wire cloth, Clinton patent galvanized fencing, tin-plated wire cloth, Clinton galvanized hex. 
nettings, perforated metals, poultry netting, croquet and lawn tennis netting, etc., which are 
handled in vast quantities and find a ready market everywhere in this and foreign countries. The 
principal office of the company is at the mills. Sterling street, Clinton. Branch offices and sales- 
rooms are located at No. 199 Washington street, Boston; No. 76 Beekman street. New York, 
and No. 137 Lake street, Chicago. 



THE LANCASTER MILLS. 



W. R. Robeson, President; Harcourt Amory, Treasurer; G. W. W^eeks, Agent; 
George P. Taylor, Superintendent; J. A. Morgan, Paymaster — Manufacturers of 
Ginghams — Green Street. 

The Lancaster gingham mills date from 1845, ^n<^' m^Y be said to have "grown up with the 
country." The present company was incorporated in 1844 with $800,000 capital. At that time 
the plant contained 240 looms, three water wheels of 225 combined horse-power, and a 225- 
horse-povver steam engine, and employed 900 hands, producing 400,000 yards of goods annually. 
The development since then has been wonderful, as is shown by the fact that the buildings, all 
brick, lurnish seventeen acres of floor space — one floor alone being four acres in area. There 
are 2800 looms driven by improved turbine water wheels supplying 900 horse-power and steam 
engines of 1560 horse-power; 2000 operatives earn a livelihood on the premises, and last year 
the output aggregated 28,000,000 yards, which were disposed of in the American markets. 
Ginghams alone are produced, and the goods are of the best grades. The officers are named in 
our caption, and are representative citizens. Agent Weeks, who has held that position for twelve 
years, is a director of the First National Bank. 



THE TOWN OF MILFORD. 



MILFORD, formerly a part of Mendon, was organized as the " Easterly Pre- 
cinct" of that town January i8, 1742, and incorporated under its present 
name April 11, 1780; population at that time, 750. It was a farming commu- 
nity, with only one grist and one sawmill and two or three small private fulling 
mills for the finishing of home-made woolens. There were eight school districts 
in 1784 ; now there are seventeen common schools and a high school, with a 
combined attendance of nearly or quite 2000. The town library was established 
in 1858. The town of Hopedale was set apart from Milford territory in 1886, 
and carried with it about 1300 of the population, which by last years' census 
numbers 8,769. 



"140 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



MILPORD PINK GRANITE COMPANY. 



I. F. Woodbury, President; George E. Leighton, Secretary; A. W. Eames, Treas- 
urer— Quarrymen— Office, East Main Street; Boston Office, No. 164 Devonshire 
Street. 



!''''' 




esitsfcllilii.1! i!! 



SI 



Igliiiffil 



iidk 



Wl 






mm 



i» 



||"|»"'"''"''-'"»*'»'™*'»uiiiiiiMwft;M 




o 
y, 

3 
-1 

3 
pq 



< 



u 



o 

H 
en 
O 



The celebrated pink granite found in this vicinity is justly regarded with favor liy architects 
and budders who have had practical experience with it. Th; stona is worked as easily and 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



141 



economically as any other good granite, is susceptible of a very high polish, and in appearance 
is exceedingly attractive, the faint pink tint having a charming effect. Some of the finest new 
buildings in the State — notably the Boston public library and the Elliott church at Newton — 
are constructed of the superb material furnished by this company, and it is fast coming into 
general use. The leading quarrjers of this stone are the Milford Fink Granite Company, who 
own fifty acres of choice quarry land near Milford village, with office on East Main street. 
Their equipment of machinery, derricks and steam power is complete, and they give employ- 
ment to from two hundred and fifty to three hundred hands, including quarrymen, granite cut- 
ters, laborers, etc. A spur track from the Boston & Albany railroad (Milford branch) connects 
the quarries with the main line, and all necessary facilities are provided for handling the output 
with dispatch. Sales are steadily increasing, and shipments are being made to principal jioints 
in New England and the Middle Atlantic States. 

President Woodbury and Secretary Leighton compose the famous Boston firm of building 
contractors, Woodbury & Leighton. Treasurer Eames is a resident of Ashland, but is present 
at the office and fjuarries, superintending operations, almost daily. The company was organ- 
ized in 1887 and incorporated the next year. They furnished the cut granite for the Boston 
library building, shown in our cut, and are prepared to fill orders to any extent for Milford pink 
granite. Correspondence is invited, estimates made, and cohtracts solicited. This company 
was the recipient of the highest award from the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics Association, 
at its last exposition, for beauty and fineness of granite. The company's Boston office is at^No. 
164 Devonshire street. 



C. A. SUMNER, 



Manufacturer of Shoe Racks, Shoe Trees, Boot Trees, Crimping Forms, Brakes and 

Screws — Nos. 185 and 187 Central Street. 



I in the boot and shoe industry none are in greater or more 



Of the numerous devices emplrjyec 
constant recjuest than properly 
made racks, trees, crimping 
forms, brakes and screws. One of 
the few successful establishments 
devoted to supplying these arti- 
cles to the trade is located in 
Milford, Mass., Nos. 185 and 
187 Central street, and was 
founded in 1868 by E. Mann & 
Howard, who were succeeded 
by E. Mann. In 1879 Mr. C. 
A. Sumner bought the plant, 
and in 1881 bought and added 
the business of S. Jefferds of 
Milford, made various improve- 
ments in buildings and appli- 
ances, put new life and new 
ideas into the business, and has 
since conducted it upon correct 
methods, the result being that 
he enjoys an excellent reputa- 
tion and a prosperous trade that 
embraces the entire United 
States and Great Britain. His 
factory, fitted up with late im- 
proved machinery and all re- ^ 
quisite appliances, is situated on ^h 
Central street, and occupies one 
floor 40x70 feet, with attic above 
of the same dimensions, with 
which are connected spacious stock and storage rooms. From eight to twelve expert workmen are 
employed, and the output is very large and valualjle. Herewith is jjrinted a cut exhibiting Mr. 
Sumner's shoe rack for factory use, which commends itself at a glance. His other products are 
of a like recognized grade of excellence as regards design and workmanship. 




142 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 

HOTEL WILLIAM. 



J. H. Matthews, Proprietor — Main Street. 

This hotel is conveniently situated with reference to the business centre of the village and 
all points of interest, and is in all respects one of the best and most attractive hostelries 

in southeastern ^^'orcester. 
The building an ornate four- 
story brick structure 50x110 
feet, was erected m 1S86 and 
first occupied in 1887, and is 
consequently new and mod- 
ern in all its appoiniments, 
containing on the ground floor 
a handsome office, reading- 
room, pool and billiard 
rooms, sumptuous parlors, and 
large and lofty dining-room, 
while up stairs are forty com- 
modious, airy and tastefully 
lurnished sleeping apartments, 
each connected with the office 
by means of electric annun- 
ciators and speaking tubes. 
Steam heat, gas and electric 
lights still further contribute 
to the ease and comfort of 
guests, while a neat barber- 
shop and livery stable in con- 
nection will be appreciated. 
A tree omnil)us conveys guests 
to and from departing and ar- 
riving trains. As to the table, 
suffice it to say that every sub- 
stantial and luxury in season 
is provided in abundance, temptingly prepared by a skiltul (//■■/', and served l)y tidy 
and courteous waiters. Rates very reasonable — $2.00 to $2.50 per day. 

Mine Host Matthews is a native of New Hampshire, and for twenty years has been manag- 
ing hotels in that State, Vermont and Massachusetts. Elderly, polite, kindly and hospitable, 
he is the fe?// ic/t'/r/ of a good landlonl. 




JOHN P. HASKELL, 



Livery, Boarding, Teaming and Exchange Stable — Central Street. 

A properly conducted public stable is a universally recognized convenience, and is almost 
always well supported by the community in which it is located. Such a one is that of Mr. John 
F. Haskell, on Central street, Milford. It was established in 1882 by Amasa L. Smith, to 
whom Mr. A. Smith succeeded in 1888. In 1889 Mr. J. F. Haskell succeeded to the property 
and stock. He has made many improvements, and the stables are now of the first-class. The 
building is a two-story frame, 60x120 feet, well fitted up and thoroughly drained, provided with 
a large number of stalls, storage for carriages, feed, etc. He keeps twenty-five horses of his 
own for hire', and has besides a considerable number of regular and transient boarders, single 
feeds being provided when desired. He has also thirty vehicles of all kinds, among them sev- 
eral elegant double and single carriages and buggies, and is prepared to furnish turnouts for 
pleasure driving or business purposes whenever required. He has six men in his employ, of 
whom several are skillful and careful drivers, well acquainted with the country for many miles 
around. A specialty is made of teaming and jobbing, and parties having hauling to do cannot 
entrust it to lietter hands. 

Mr. Haskell is a native of Pawtucket, R. I., and was for several years engaged in the team- 
ing hereabouts previous to his present venture. He is industrious, courteous and enterprising, 
and is building up a large and prosperous business. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS IL.LUSl'RATED. 



143 



IRVING E. JONES, 



Manufacturer jof Builders' Trimmings, Store and Office Fixtures, Cabinet Work, 
etc.— Eastman's Steam Mill, Central Street. 

Mr. Jones is a skilled practical wood-worker, a native of Milford, and, previous to becom- 
ing proprietor of this mill iji 1890, was for several years superintendent for his predecessor. The 
plant comprises a two-story frame building 35x60 feet, fitted up with apjuopriate sawing, plan- 
ing, turning and other woodworking machinery, driven by steam power. A competent force of 
expert mechanics is employed, and a very considerable amount of fine store and ofifice fixtures, 
builders' trimmings, cabinet and other intricate and artistic woodwork is produced, pattern-mak- 
ing of the highest order forming a notalile specialty. Mr. Jones has a large and growing pat- 
ronage from builders, joiners, foundrymen and others in this and adjoining New England States. 
His methods are upright and straightforward; accuracy and promptitude characterize the execu- 
tion of all orders, and the greatest care is taken to render unvarying satisfaction. 



MANSION HOUSE. 



Hapgood & Mayhew, Proprietors — Main Street. 

The Mansion House, established in 1872 by Lewis P'isher, is the leading hotel of Milford, 
and one of the best of its class 
in the State, being a modern 
four-story frame structure, of 
hospitable and attractive ap- 
pearance, 100 feet front by 150 
feet deep, with broad shady pi- 
azzas in front and at the sides. 
On the ground floor front are the 
office, reading-room, parlors for 
the use of the public, etc , in the 
center a spacious, lofty and in- 
viting dining hall, and at the 
rear the pantries and kitchen. 
Up stairs are the private parlors 
and sixty tastily furnished, cosy, 
well-lighted and comfortable 
sleeping apartments, arranged 
singly and cisuitc, while the 
house is supplied throughout 
with hot and cold water, 
steam heat, gas and all desir- 
able conveniences. The table is first-class, as are all the appointments, and tourists and travel- 
ers on business or for pleasure will find a stay here enjoyable, a shady stjuare in front affording 
coolness and a pleasant strolling ground in summer. A large and well-kept stable in the rear 
is well equipped with horses and vehicles for hire, and private turnouts are Ijoarded on reason- 
able terms. A specialty is made of catering to the wants of commercial travelers. 

Mr. S. E. Hapgood is a native of Maine, Mr. J. S. Mayhew was born in Milford. 




T. N. SHERMAN & CO., 



Quarriers of and Dealers in Granite and Building Stone — Quarries, Cedar Street, 

Milford ; Office, Braggsville. 

The pink granite quarries of this vicinity are of great extent and value, while the output 
steadily grows in popularity with builders, architects and those who contemplate the erection of 
public and private edifices of all kmds. Among the leading producers is the firm of T. N. Sher- 
man & Co., established in 1882, who own thirty-five acres of quarries, all efjuipments for 
.quarrying stone, employ from twenty to thirty men, and ship heavily to all jioints in this and 
adjoining States, doing a steadily increasing business. 

Mr. Sherman is an enterprising, progressive and successful business man, well and favorably 
known to the building trade. Orders are promptly and carefully filled to any extent. Mr. M. 
T. Philp is a partner with Mr. Sherman, and has had large experience in the granite business. 



144 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



P. W. MANN", 

Machinist— Light and Heavy Machine Jobbing, Manufacturer of Special Machin- 
ery and Tools to Order, Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers and Gearing— Mann's Patent 
Bone Cutter— Dealer in Steam and Gas Piping— No. 70 Central Street. 

These shops were originally started in 1877 by a Mr. WilJard, who retired in 1880 when 
Craig & Severance became proprietors. Chapman & Mann purchased the plant in 1886, and 

Mr. Chapman withdrew in 1887, since which time Mr. F. W. 
Mann has successfully managed the business alone. The works 
3 comprise a three-story frame building 30x40 feet, provided with 
a complete outfit of iron-working machinery and a powerful 
electric motor. Eight skilled workmen earn a livelihood in the 
several departments and the output is quite large, embracing 
every description of light and heavy machine jobbing, the con- 
struction of special machinery and tools to order, and the build- 
mg of Mann's patent bone-cutter for poultry food. This latter 
device, which is faithfully represented by the above engraving, 
meets fully the requirements of poultry-raisers for an implement 
that will rapidly reduce beef-bones direct from the market to the 
form of poultry food. 

Mr. E. L. Willis, the leading photographer of Milford, 
brought to Mr. Mann's notice the long-felt want among poultry 
men for a hand machine to grind up fresh bones, and showed 
how every machine then manufactured was entirely impracticable 
for that purpose. In accordance with this, Mr. Mann and his 
I foreman, Mr. Clarence Farrington, invented and built a ma- 
■ chine which was constructed upon the principle of cutting or 
planing the bones instead of grinding or crushing them. It was 
a venture to put sharp steel knives in a machine against the 
hard flinty bones, but the inventors saw there was no other way 
that offered hopes of success. The first machine, although very 
nnpertect, proved conclusively that the knives would not break 
and that they would remain sharp for six or eight weeks of con- 
. "aT* J ^Iso P'-o;'"! thathe machine would not clog. With such marked encourage- 
ment, Mr. Mann placed his shop and his private capital at the disposal of the bone-cutter inven- 
tion. By the aid ot Mr Farrington he was able after scores of alterations and improvements 
extending trom September, 1888, to June, 1890, to bring on to the market a thoroughly practi- 
cal and reliable machine tor reducing green bones, meat and gristle by hand power to poultry 
food. 1 he machines were sold in numbers during the time of their improvement, and in this 
way a practical and tested machine was produced. The important and final change was made 
during May, 1890, since which time hundreds have been sold and no cause for further altera- 
tion found necessary Three sizes of power machines and five styles for hand driving are built. 
Patented June 15, 86 Aug. 20, '89; Canada, patented June 12, 1890. It has been awarded 
a diploma by the .Attleboro Agricultural Association, a certificate of merit by the Bay State Agri- 
cultural Society, tw<3 Toronto (Canada,) bronze medals and diplomas, and a bronze medal from 
the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics Association, Boston, with numerous marks of approval 
from other sources. ^^ 

Mr Mann was born at Norfolk, Mass. He received a four years' course at Cornell Univer- 
sity and graduated as a mechanical engineer, class of '78. 




HOPEDALE. 

TJOPEDALE is the newest of Worcester's galaxy of towns, incorporated April 
11 7, 1886 ; area, 3,547 acres ; population, 11 76. It was formerly a part of 
Mendon. Mill river supplies excellent water power. The town owes its existence 
to the "Hopedale Community," a body of religious total abstainers who under- 
took to live and prosper according to the gospel of Christianity as they under- 
stood It. Ebenezer D. Draper was president in 1856 ; the treasurers' report for 
the preceding year showed a deficit, and it was decided to wind up the affairs 
of the community. Messrs. Ebenezer D. and George Draper then took control 
of the property, and, being enterprising, energetic, public-spirited and liberal 
business men, soon changed the course of things and made a prosperous and 
successful manufacturing village of what had been a humdrum hamlet of unprac- 
tical cranks. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



145 



GEORGE DRAPER & SONS, 

Manufacturers of Cotton Mill Machinery — Selling Agents for the Hopedale Machine 
Co., the Dutcher Temple Co., the Hopedale Machine Screw Co., and the Elastic 
Goods Co. — Works and Office, Hopedale. ' 

The industries of Hopedale have been built up during the last fifty years by the Draptf 
family and their associa-tes, now represented by the firm of Geo. Draper & Sons and the various 

companies they are interested in. 
This family has been connected with 
the development, improvement and 
manufacture of cotton machinery for 
the last seventy-five years. The 
present standing of the firm in the 
manufacturing world is due largely 
to the enterprise and ability of the 
late George Draper. The business 
of the firm is peculiar in the respect 
that ,it sells or manufactures no 
products not covered l)y patents, and 
tor years it has had an exclusive field 
in several lines of cotton machinery. 
Some of the improvements introduced 
have been of extraordinary value to 
the manufacturing public, and have 
been sold in enormous quantities. 
The latter fact is best shown by the 
records, which tell that in the last 
twenty years George Draper & Sons 
have sold eight million spindles, seven 
million spinning rings, four million 
separators. They are chiefly known 
as the introducers of the Rabbeth 
spindle, the Sawyer spindle, and the 
double adjustable spinning ring. The 
list of inventions l)rought into use by 
them, however, if given in its entirety, 
would be tedious from length. The 
Hopedale Machine Company manu- 
factures a large proportion of the 
machinery sold by George Draper & 
Sons, and has a large, well-equipped 
plant, producing twister warpers, 
spoolers, reels and other cotton 
machines, and never make anything 
but the best. This is a Massachusetts 
corporation, with $400,000 capital 
stock. The Dutcher Temple Com- 
pany is the result of the association 
of the late Warren W. Dutcher with 
Hopedale parties as far back as 1856. 
This company manufactures loom 
temples of all varieties and special 
machine work. The works are fitted 
up in an unexcelled manner, and the 
products control their field. George 
Draper & Sons are the selling agents. 
The Hopedale Machine Screw Com- 
pany is but a few years old, but has 
taken a leading position in the pro- 
duction of machine screws and special 
turned work. It does business with 
the principal electrical companies, 
and uses special patented automatic 
machinery. The Hopedale Elastic 
Goods Company has a large plant 
filled with the most modern machin- 
ery, and produces all sorts of silk and 
cotton elastic fabrics, shoe gorings, 

8nT 




T^h»:i T^»-^Ct^nf 



T^^^ii-^n r 



nfo c 1 nr*n»-TM~*vo t f^A thic ^r(=»o r 



146 



INLAND JNIASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 




m 
o 
< 

Oh 

a 

»— I 

en 

O 

O 

a 
w 



2 
o 

H 

O 
U 

H 






^ 




INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



147 



A. A. WESTCOTT & SONS, 

Manufacturers of Spindles, Steps, Bolsters, Shuttle Irons, etc., of Every Description. 

Spinners generally do not require to l^e reminded of the importance of procuring the best 
appliances that human skill and ingenuity can devise, for in their business serious losses often 
result from apparently trifling causes. Once informed where the best is procurable, self-interest 
will indicate the course to pursue. Mr. A. A. Westcott, who has had nearly forty years' jirac- 
tical experience in the selection of material and the manufacture of spinners' requisites of the more 
delicate kind, established a business on his own account at North Scituate, R. I., in 1869, and soon 
secured an encouraging patronage, but there were some obstacles to contend with at that point, 
and in 1871, having purchased a mill- site and water privilege about a mile distant from Hopedale 
village, he erected a branch shop there, continuing the North Scituate establishment until 1874, 
when he removed and consolidated his Inisiness at Hopedale. Consideralale additions and 
improvements have since been made, and his works and appurtenances are now quite extensive, 
the buildings, three in number, respectively 30 x 150 and 25 x 25 feet, being of stone and brick, 
an adjoining brick structure 20 x 40 feet containing a boiler and 60-horse-power steam engine. 
The river at this point has an eight or nine-foot fall, and additional power is obtained from that 
source when required. Mr. Westcott in 1882 admitted to copartnership his sons, Augustus W. 
and Wilmarth A., when the present style was adopted. A younger son — David — entered the 
firm in January, 1889. The firm employ from thirty to fifty expert and experienced mechanics, 
and every article made on the premises is of the highest order. Messrs. A. A. Westcott & Sons' 
specialties embrace only the choicest grades of ring, mule, spooler, twister, winder, silk and 
■other varieties of spindles, steps and liolsters, shuttle irons, etc. Attention is also given to 
repairs of these devices, and satisfaction is guaranteed patrons in every instance. One of the 
best evidences of the skill and -relialnlity of this concern is found in the fact that all the Sawyer 
and Rabbeth spindles handled by George Draper & Sons are made here. 



THE TOWN OF WINCHENDON. 



ASHBURNHAM, Winchendon and Royalston are the three northern towns of 
Worcester county, bordering upon New Hampshire. Winchendon, in the 
center, has an area of about thirty-six square miles, Gardner and Templeton 
forming her southern boundary. The surface is hilly and rocky, and INIiller's 




river, the principal stream, winds its mazy course for some fifteen miles within 
the town. 

June 14, 1764, the town, previoubly called Ip.^wich Canada, was incorporated 



148 



INLAND I\lASSACHUSIilT.S ll.l.USTKA'lF.D, 



under its present name. Agriculture is only moderately profitable. The manu- 
fa< lure of vvoodenware is the leading industry, and is carried on upon a colossal 
scale. Hut there are other inipc^rtant interests, such as the construction of ma- 
chinery, the-making of hardware, the weaving of cottonvand woolen goods, etc. 
Of banks there are two — the VVinchendon National I'.ank, capital #150,000,' and 
the Winchendon Savings Hank, chartered 1.S54. 

VVinchendon is connected with "the rest of mankind" l)y the Cheshire, the 
Ware River, the Monadnock, and the Worcester division of the 1m tchburg 'rail- 
roads. 



MORTON E. CONVERSE & CO., 

Manufacturers of Reed Furniture and Toys. 

Tills llrni, c()iiipos<.>(l of Messrs.- IMoilon K. ;iiul Alfred C. Converse, enjoys a wide and well- 
earned reputation lor enterprise and business ability, as well as for uprij,dit methods and liberality. 




I hens IN the largest nuuuifaelnry ,.f wood toys in the world. Hoth partners are natives of New 
lianipshne and riehly endowed witii eneri^y, industry and intjenuity, those ruling characteristics 
ol the ^iMnnne \'ankee. 'Vhr hmisr was fouiuKd by Mason \- Converse, who in 1878 liegan 
niakuig toys ni a small way at Waierville, a suburb nf Winchendon, subse.piently removinir to 
the present loratiou. In I SS ^ the style was eiianue.l to the Converse Toy and Woodware 
Company, and luiaily, ni 1.SS5, the present style was adopted— Morton K. (;onverse & Co. The 
works oeeupy three adjoining frame buildings— two each 40 x lOO feet, one of these three, the 
otlier.ol tour stories, connected by bridges and shafting for the transmission of power— and one 
building about 50 \ (hi feel, three stories; adjoining there are tw.. frame warehouses, each about 
2Sx8oleet; also a brick buijer and engine-hcnise, a lifty-horse-power steam engine driving a 
complement ol llie m,,s| approved machinery for their inisiness, including numerous unique 
manulacturmg devices not lound elsewhere, the lirm owning the patents .and controlling their 
construction. The working force ranges from 150 to 200, many of whom are mechanics of rare 
skill and ingenuity. Messrs. Morton K. Conversed C... inanufacliire a comprehensive line of 
rattan and reed chairs In standard and orglnal styles tliat embraces all the popular goods of that 
kind, besides a constant succession of novelties, especlallv In children's reed goods, children's 
lurmture, toys, toy trunks and toy military drums. These goods are made in various material 
and style; drums in eml>ossed gohi, brass or nickel-plated, druins with fancy cord, hook and 
sling complete m six sizes; Prussian rod druins in six sizes; c]iildren'> blackboards in a variety 
<>l styles; children's games, children's furniture, children's and dolls' chairs and swings, chil- 
dren s wash sets, lolding tables and chairs, dolls' bedsteads and cribs. They are also manufac- 
turers of the celebrated bean bag game of Kaba l^aga, made under special patent owned by this 
(irni. Catalogues and price-lists— the former fully illustrated by engravings — are mailed to the 
trade on application. The New Vork store is at No. 21 Park place; Wi'llard \ McKee, selllnc 
agents. " 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 

THE HIGHLANDS. 



149 



A Family Home for the Treatment of Nervous and 
Dr.^Ira Russell; Dr. Frederick W. R 




Mental Diseases — Founded by 
ussell, Proprietor. 

'i'liis lionie for nervous and mental 
invalids was instituted in 1875 liy 
llii' l:ilc Dr. Iia Russell, an ex-army 
surj^con, an acknowJedfred authority 
on the trouljjes indiealed, widely 
l<nf)wn to, and ofhi^di rank in, hisi 
profession. I lis theory — and it has 
worked lo a charm in actual ])rac- 
tice — was to allow the jjatienl the 
comforts of home life and the 
},'reatest jHjssihle lil,erty coni])atil)le 
with security. I lis experiments were 
carefully noted and the results 
indorsed i)y |»)iysicians and philan- 
thropists all over the civilized ^lol,e, 
and thus The Ili-hlands became 
famous. His son. Dr. Frederick 
W. Russell, was his father's assist- 
ant from the first, and upon the 
fouiidrr's death succeeded lo the 
res|)onsil)ilities and cares of the 
mana^rL.nKMit. Dr. Russell has 
made (he diseases named Ins sjiecial 
study from early manhood, has 
written uuich and well u|)oii the 
sul)jecl, and is a celejjraled and 
acce|)ted authority. The home is 
beautifully situated ui)oii an 
eminence thai conunands a magnifi- 
cent view of the Miller's river 
valley, the town of Winchendon, 
and a tjrand mountain ranf^e tliat 
embraces the far-famed Waclnisett 
and Monadnock. The buildings are 
very handsome, and, like the sur- 
roundings, cheerful and bright, 
lending to banish gloomy thoughts 
and de]iression of s|)irit. TIk lur- 
nishings are in keeping, while the 
ajjpliances for entertainment and 
amusement include a ])iano-room, 
billiard-room, bowling saloon, cro- 
fjuet and tennis courts, etc. Ample 
stables are ])rovidefl, and ])atients 
may have their own private equi- 
pages whenever desired. We regret 
that our, space forbids going into 
particulars, but those interested are 
referred to Dr. Russell, who will 
cheerfully furnish any desired infor- 
mation. Letters of inquiry should 
be addressed to Winchendon. 



PIPER & BOSWORTH, 



Manufacturers of Electric Axes, Hammers, Hatchets, etc. — Piper's Grove. 

This is> bran new enterprise, estalilished in September last, and gives promise frr.m the start 
of unusual success, since the goods ma.le are in universal demand for domestic DurDoses che-ii) 
useful and durable, and cannot fail to sell "like hot cakes." The works include a two-story 



15° 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



frame machine-shop 24 x 60 feet, and one-story foundry 18 x 25 feet, also frame. Mr. Piper's 
residence is near by. The machinery plant is complete and is driven by a fifty-horse-power 
steam engine, power being obtained from the same source to operate the dynamos of the village 
electric light plant. At their works a competent force of hands is employed, and they are pro- 
ducing large cjuantities of specialties for the New England and western markets. The " electric " 
ax and hatchet are ingenious combinations of cast-iron and steel and are really valuable additions 
to household economy, as are the hammers, ice-picks and non-heating stove-hooks made here. 
Another specialty is the improved carpenter's saw-clamp, which sells at sight. Prompt attention 
is given to orders for the filing, setting and jointing of saws, the work done in the best manner 
and returned by express or otherwise as directed. 



ALVIN STREETER, 




Manufacturer of Improved Woodworking Machinery — Front Street. 

Mr. Alvin Streeter ranks with the most suc- 
inventors, improvers 



cessful and famous inventors, improvers and 
constructors of woodworking machinery, and his 
product in one form or another is found working 
satisfactorily in nearly every prominent planing 
mill, carriage, sash, blind, door and wooden- 
ware factory in America. Mr. Streeter has had 
long experience in this branch of manufacturing, 
and for some years was at the head of a similar 
concern at Marlboro, removing to and establish- 



ing himself in Winchendon in 1874. Here he 
occupies one floor, 25 x 45 feet, fronting on 
Front street, employs eight skilled mechanics 
and a splendid equipment of modern iron and 
steel-working machinery, and manufactures a 
choice line of woodworking devices, designed 
or improved to the point of perfection by him- 
self, embracing machinery for the use of manu- 
facturers of butter tubs, fish kits, pail handles, 
clothes-pins, wood spoons, oval and nest boxes, 
wooden measures, etc., his leading specialties 
comprising improved cylinder planers, upright 
horizontal boring machines, clothes-pin and pail-handle lathes (the latter provided with improved 
twist bits for boring pail-handles, spool-blocks, and for similar work). The improved panel or 
surface cylinder planer shown in our first cut 
is adapted to all kinds of work from one-six- 
teenth of an inch to eight inches thick, planing 
smooth. It is made with reversible feed, from 
the best iron and steel, and can be regulated 
by means of cone pulleys to any desired speed, 
while the appliances for changing the thick- 
ness (raising and lowering bed) are novel and 
unequaled for accuracy and convenience. 
Every machine is finished in the best style, 
belted up, tested and put in complete running 
order previous to shipment. The cylinders 
are of cast steel and can l)e safely driven at a 
speed of 4000 or 4500 revolutions per minute. 
There are seven sizes, from twelve to twenty- 
four inches wide and weighing from 500 to 
1400 pounds, ranging from $150 to $325 in 
price. Of planers not- provided with the 
reversible feed eleven sizes, twelve to twenty- 
four inches wide, are made — prices $135 to 
$450. Pressure bars are attached to the above 
planers for — eighteen inches, $25; twenty inches, $28; twenty-four inches, $35. In addition 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



151 



to the machines already referred to Mr. Streeter 




milds a superior buzz planer, sixteen inches 
wide; price, $200. Our second cut shows 
Streeter's improved horizontal boring ma- 
chine; price, $110. The upright boring 
machine, of the same general excellence, is 
sold at the same price. Our third cut pre- 
sents a view of Streeter's improved tub or 
pail bottom cutter, which commends itself at 
sight to all interested in this class of 
machinery'. It is simple in form, strong, 
substantial and accurate, and of remarkable 
capacity, cutting round heads of every 
description and turning out pail bottoms at 
the rate of 5500 in ten hours. Mr. Streeter 
also manufactures a wonderful automatic 
pail-handle lathe that will turn ready for 
use 30,000 to 40,000 handles per day. 
I'rice, $375. ' The machinery named above 
forms only a portion of Mr. ■ Streeter's 
specialties, which include a full line of the 
latest and best appliances for the making of 
tubs, pails, cane and wood-seat chairs, etc. 
Catalogue and price-list sent on application. 
Mr. Streeter, a native of Fitzwilliam, N. H., 
is a practical machinist and works at the 
liench daily besides managing a large and 
growing business. 



G. N. GOODSPEED, 

Manufacturer of Woodworking Machinery — No. 2 Front Street. 

Parties interested in woodworking will consult their own interest Ijy calling upon or com- 
municating with Mr. G. N. Goodspeed, who for the past forty-one years has been engaged in 
designing, improving and constructing devices for that purpose, his specialties covering a wide 
range and embracing tub, pail, chair, bobbin and spool machinery, pony planers, back-knife 
gauge lathes, cylinder stave saws, Stimpson's dovetail machines, etc., of the most approved 
style and effectiveness. F'rovided with a comprehensive plant accumulated through a career of 
many years in this particular branch of industry, Mr. Goodspeed's facilities are first-class and he 
is enal)led to respond without loss of time to any demand made upon him. Superior material, 
workmanship, accuracy and finish marks every machine built here, while prices are as low as any 
legitimate builder can aftbrd. This concern was founded in 1849 by Robinson & Goodspeed. In 
185 1 Goodspeed & Wyman became proprietors, and since 1878 Mr. Goodspeed has managed it 
alone. The works comprise a two-story building 40 x 120 feet, with 30 x 50-foot blacksmith 
shop, office, storehouse, dry-house, etc., the whole equipped with all requisite machinery and 
tools and ample water-power for all the skilled workmen that can be employed. The output is 
large and valualjle, going to all quarters of the globe. 



WILLIAM MURDOCK, 



Manufacturer of Cotton and \A^oolen Mill Spools — River Street. 

This machine shop, erected by Colonel Murdock in 1831, was the first ever established in 
Winchendon, has been conducted by the original proprietor during a period of sixty years, and 
is widely celebrated for the manufacture of superior spools and bobbins for the use of cotton and 
woolen manufacturers. The bobbin still generally used in the Lawrence and many other repre- 
sentative mills is Mr. Murdock's own invention and manufactured exclusively under his 
supervision. The machine-shop, situated on River street, is a substantial and convenient frame 
building of.three and.a-haTt stories, 30.x 65 feet, and is.fitted up with a comprehensive equip- 
ment of improved machinery, driven Ijy water power. From eight to ten skilled mechanics are 
kept busy, and the quantities of bobbins and spools turned out are very large, the concern 
working steadily on orders from mill owners all over the country. Colonel Murdock was born 
and has passed his whole life in Winchendon, where he is universally known and respected 1 y 
all classes. 



152 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



WM. BROWN'S SONS, 

Manufacturers of and Dealers in Pails and Packages for Jelly, Lard, Oysters, 

Confectionery, etc. — Bullardville. 

The late William Brown established these works about 187S, and developed his facilities and 
trade until at the time of his death, three years ago, he was one of the largest manufacturers of 
wooden packages in this vicinity. His sons succeeded him in business, and being energetic, 
enterprising, practical workmen and trained business men, are fast increasing the reputation and 
adding to the productive capacity of the works — which, by the way, were destroyed by fire last 
year and entirely rebuilt upon a much more extensive scale than before, besides being completely 
refitted with modern machinery and appliances of the best kind. The plant is situated upon a 
tributary of Miller's river, about a mile from the junction of the two streams, the factories com- 
prising three substantial new one-story frame buildings, one of which is a saw-mill 40 x 50 feet, 
the others the shops, each 32 x 96 feet. Adjoining are the warehouse and office. They buy 
timber as it stands in the neighborhood, do their own logging, saw their own lumljer, and, in a 
word, control every step of their business, from the forest to the market. They have a steam 
engine of loo-horse-power, no-horse water-power, employ eighty hands, and ship annually 
$50,000 worth of superior pails anci packages, principally to New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
Cincinnati, St. Louis and Chicago packers of jellies, confectionery, oysters, lard, fish, pickles 
and similar goods. Their output, ranging from a quart oyster pail to a nine-gallon barrel, is of 
the best quality as regards material and workmanship, and there is ready demand for all they 
can produce with present facilities — that is, about 2000 pieces daily. 



TOWN OF LEOMINSTER. 



LEOMINSTER was set aside from the town of Lancaster and incorporated 
July 4, 1740. The area is 18,602 acres of hill and meadow and fertile 
valley, full of variety and natural beauty. It is an elevated and delightful re- 
gion and contains some of the best farming and grass lands in northern Worces- 
ter. The educational advantages are excellent, and a fine public library is main- 
tained. Aside from agricultural pursuits there are a number of flourishing indus- 
tries in the town, the manufacture of cotnbs, shell goods, paper, boots and shoes, 
leather, leather board, pianos and piano cases, childrens' carriages, toys and 
games, furniture, shirts, and machinery being the most important. Population, 
7,266. 



UNION DESK COMPANY. 



Arthur B. Curtis, President ; A. Frank Curtis, Treasurer ; Wm. F. Smith, Superin- 
tendent — Manufacturers of Roll Top Desks, Library Tables, Shoe Sample Cases, 
and General Office Furniture — Factory, Leominster ; Salesrooms, No. 104 Sud- 
bury Street, Boston. 

The furnishing of a business office nowadays is a serious matter, demanding an appreciation of 
art, good taste, and the expenditure of considerable money. Among the most important adjuncts 
are one or more handsome new-style roll-top desks and a library table or two. The roll-top 

desk has been developed of late years until, as now- 
constructed by the Union Desk Company, it is a ver- 
itable cabinet of conveniences provided with appro- 
priate and handy places for everything required in 
the management of a mercantile or business house. 

This company — x\rthur B. Curtis, president; A. 
Frank Curtis, treasurer; Wm. F.Smith, Superintend- 
ent — was organized in 1889, capital, $25,000, the 
same gentlemen having been in business as copart- 
ners for five years previously. The factory at Leo- 
minster is a model establishment, domiciled in a fine 
two-story building 60x125 feet, and equipped with 
the latest and best improved woodworking machin- 
ery, driven by a forty-horse-power steam engine. 
Thirty skilled hands are kept constantly busy, and a 
vast amount of very superior work is done, the product embracing the superb roll-top desks 




INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



153 



already referred to, in various sizes and styles, a lieautiful line of lil)rary tallies, general office 
furniture of every description, cases for the display of shoe samples, etc., all of which are sup- 
plied to the trade on favorable terms. The salesrooms and principal office of the company are 
at No. 104 Sudbury street, Boston, where all orders will receive immediate attention. Buyers 
from a distance visiting Boston are invited to call and judge of the merits of these goods. 



LEOMINSTER HOTEL. 



George S. Jones, Proprietor- 



-Livery in Rear of Hotel on Central Street, 
Main Street. 



Head of 



One of the most complete and attractive hotels in the interior of Massachusetts is the Leo- 
minster, situated at the intersection of Central and Main streets, near Monument square. The 
building is four stories in height, with four stores 
on the ground floor, office, parlors, billiard-room, 
dining-room, etc., on the second floor, and fifty 
sleeping apartments above, the whole newly and 
handsomely furnished, provided with all obtain- 
able modern conveniences, neat, clean and invit- 
ing. The accommodations, talile and service are 
first-class, the service unexceptionable, anfi rates 
quite reasonable. Connected with the house is a 
well appointed livery stable, where fine teams and 
vehicles may be had at any hour. The Leominster 
is a favorite with commercial "travelers, for whose 
comfort and convenience the arrangements are of 
the best. 

Mine Host Jones, a native of New Hampshire, 
was for twelve years previous to coming here en- 
gaged in the hadware business at Fitchluirg. His 
original venture in Leominster was the establish- 
ment of a tinware factory, which was burned in 
July, 1873, entailing a loss of $10,000, where- 
upon he erected this hotel upon the same site in 
1875. He is a popular boniface and enjoys a 
large patronage. He went to Boston after erect- 
ing this hotel and kept hotel in Boston and Lynn, Mass., and other places He is well 
qualified for keeping a first-class hotel, experienced and obliging. 




MONOOSNOCK MILL. 



Edward M. Rockwell — Manufacturer of Woolen Yarns — Leominster. 

Mr. Rockwell erected the Monoosnock mill in 1876, and for some years manufactured fine 
cassimeres and fancy worsteds in large quantities; but, that laranch of his business ceasing to 
make profitable returns, he removed his looms, filled their places with additional carding and 
spinning appliances, and devoted his attention exclusively to the production of woolen yarns for 
the use of hosiery and textile manufacturers. His plant comprises the brick mill building 
proper, of four stories, 50x100 feet; a three-story L, 40x100 feet, commodious picker-house, 
dye-house, ware-house, office, etc. The present outfit (which is soon to be largely reinforced) 
comprises ten sets of cards and sufficient spindles to spin all the wool they can prepare, the 
whole driven by water power from Monoosnock brook, a fine loo-horse-power engine being 
held in reserve. One hundred and seventy-five people are now regularly employed, and the 
number will be greatly increased the present year. The output, averaging over $200,000 per 
annum in value, is disposed of to the trade throughout New England, a good deal of it going 
also to New York and Pennsylvania mills, from whom the demand grows steadily. 



LEOMINSTER WORSTED COMPANY. 



Incorporated December i, 1891 — Nahum Harwood, President; W. H. Chase, Treasurer 
— Manufacturers of Fancy Worsted Suitings. 

Massachusetts is the principal center of the woolen industry of this country, and its repre- 
II 



154 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

sentatives are found in all parts of the State. For reasons not necessary to state the establish- 
ment of new woolen mills has Ijecome rare of late years, one of the most recent ventures being 
that of the Leominster Worsted Company, whose plant dates from 1886, and comprises the 
main structure, of brick, two stories, 52x150 feet, containing thirty-two broad looms, with card- 
ing, spinning and finishing machinery to match, with L 52x64 feet for engine and boiler and 
storage; dye-house 25x30 feet, also of brick, and two capacious frame warehouses, the machin- 
ery, including a lOO-light dynamo, is driven by a sixty-horse-power steam engine, and the mill is 
brilliantly illuminated throughout by electricity, employing ninety hands, and last year produced 
200,000 yards of superior suitings in the best and most acceptable material, styles and finish — 
goods that are unexcelled in their class and find ready sale to the trade all over the United 
States. The senior member, Mr. William Roger, is Scotch by liirth; Mr. W. H. Chase is a 
native of New Hampshire. Both are practical, experienced woolen manufacturers and capable 
business men. 



VALPEY & ANTHONY SHOE COMPANY. 



H. R. Valpey, President; J. W. Brophy, Secretary; J. S. Anthony, Treasurer — Man- 
ufacturers of Fine Boots and Shoes — Mechanic Street — Office 89 Bedford Street, 
Boston. 

Next to cotton manufacturing the shoe industry is the most important in Massachusetts, the 
census of 1885 showing that there was then nearly $34,500,000 invested in it — a total which 
has doubtless been greatly increased since that time. Among the most reputalile and prosper- 
ous representatives of this interest is the Valpey & Anthony Shoe Company, established at Lynn 
in 1868. The venture was so successful that the managers cast about for a suitable place to 
start a branch factory, their choice falling upon Leominster, where in 1887 they began the erec- 
tion of a commodious four-story and basement building, which was completed and occupied 
in the same year, the company as now constituted being incorporated in 1888, with $50,000 
nominal capital. The four great floors of the Leominster shops, each 35x120 feet, are fitted up 
and equipped with a view to the best results; 1 10 skilled operatives are employed, and the out- 
put, large and of immense value, consists of fine goods only, special attention being given to 
the highest grades of boots and shoes in attractive and popular styles for ladies' wear. 

The salesrooms are in Boston, where is also handled the product of the Lynn factory, and 
where Messrs. Valpey and Anthony reside. Mr. George W. Standley is superintenilent of the 
Leominster branch. 



WESTBOROUGH. 



THE town of Westborough, formerly a portion of Marlborough and then 
known as Chauncy in honor of the second president of Harv^ard, was in- 
corporated in 1717 ; area 16,182 acres (since reduced by cessions to 11,000 or 
12,000 acres) ; population, twenty-five families and six unmarried men. The land 
is hilly, romantic and fertile, and one of the loveliest inland sheets of water in the 
State forms a principal feature of the landscape — Lake Chauncy. In this town 
are situated the State Reform School and the Lyman School for boys, and the 
common school privileges are ample. Present population about 5,230. The 
principal industries embrace the manufacture of boots and shoes, straw goods, 
bicycles, brick, tile and sewer pipe, wood and paper boxes, wagons, carriages, 
sleighs, leather, machinery, etc. The village of Westborough is thirteen miles 
east of Worcester, on the Boston & Albany railroad. 



WHITNEY HOUSE. 



U. Searles, Proprietor; Walter J. Taft, Clerk — West Main Street. 

Westboro has reason to pride itself upon its principal hotel, the Whitney House, built by 
Christopher Whitney, and occupied in 1882 by a Mr. Reid, who retired after a career of four 
years and was succeeded by Mr. C. Whitney. Mr. Whitney, however, finding that his other 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



155 



business engagements were of such importance as to demand the whole of his time, in 1886 
disposed of his interest to Mr. H. Leighton, and was in turn superseded by Mr. U. .Searles in April 
of 1890. The present proprietor has had considerable experience in this branch of business, and 
has already succeeded in spreading abroad the reputation of the Whitney, besides attracting 
a large and desirable share of local patronage. The building is of brick, substantial and ornate, 
four stories in height,' 80x110 feet; the ground floor occupied by several stores. The office is 
up one flight and is fTanked l)y the reading-room, parlors, and spacious dining-room capable of 



5^553' 




A A 









33333333333333353333-333333333 



f|f|§IgirgJ^r^I§Xg^ 



3an3Haar 








seating one hundred and ten guests at a time. The third and fourth stories are set apart for 
sleeping-rooms, handsomely furnished, neat, airy, well lighted, provided with all conveniences, 
including steam heat throughout the house. There are enough of these desirable apartments to 
accommodate seventy-five people in comfort. The table is bountifully supplied with the choicest 
of everything edible, the cuisiiw is first-class and the attendance unexceptionable. In a word, 
nothing is left undone l)y Mr. Searles to please his guests — a task that is shared by the url)ane 
and obliging clerk, Mr. Walter J. Taft. Terms are reasonable, and the house is headquarters 
for visitors to Westboro, whether intent upon business or pleasure. P'ree conveyance is pro- 
vided for guests to and from all trains. 



THE TOWN OF MILLBURY. 



MILLBURY, formerly a part of the town of Sutton, was incorporated June 1 1, 
'^7-1813. Bounded on the north by Worcester, on the south by Sutton, on 
the east by Grafton, and on the west by Auburn and Oxford, the area of the town 
is 10,106 acres. The ponds, or miniature lakes, are peculiar for the purity of 
their waters and for the abundance of small but delicious fishes that inhabit 
their depths. These -lakes also feed the numerous mill streams, which in turn 
empty into the Blackstone river, which winds and twists through many a 
crooked mile until it mingles its flood with Narragansett bay at Providence. 

Wilkinsonville is situated on the Blackstone river and N. Y. P. & B. railroad, 
about three miles south of Millbury center or Armory Village. 



156 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTR.'^TED. 

WHITNEY & MOLT, 



Manufacturers of Compound Indigo-Blue Dye and Dyers of W^ool, Cotton and Yarn 

in all Shades of Indigo, Millbury. 

Dyeing is an art of which few besides those directly engaged in it have any accurate knowl- 
edge. We see and admire results, but with the actual processes by which they are produced 
we are unfamiliar. There are several reasons for this, two of the most important being that con- 
tact with dyestufts is unpleasant and avoided by mankind for the most part, and second, that the 
secrets of the trade are guarded with the utmost jealousy, because they are acquired at great ex- 
pense of time, labor and money and are entirely too valuable to squander upon an unapprecia- 
tive public. Massachusetts, being the principal American seat of textile manufactures, is of 
course the great center of the dyeing industry, where it finds its best rewards and is brought 
to the greatest perfection. Of those who have achieved distinction for skill in this art we know 
of none more deserving of notice than the Millbury firm of Whitney & Molt, established in 
1875. Their premises consist of an L-shaped two-story frame building fifty feet wide, eighty- 
five feet long on one front and one hundred feet on the other, containing twelve coloring vats 
and sixteen dyestuff grinders, the latter driven by a forty-horse-power steam engine, supple- 
mented by water-power when required. The working force numbers five, and vast quantities of 
wool, cotton and yarn are dyed" to order for consumption in Massachusetts, New Hampshire 
and Vermont mills. The leading specialty, however, is the manufacture of their own incompar- 
able compound indigo-blue dye, much of which is consumed on the premises, but by far the 
larger portion is disposed of to the trade and shipped to dyers and cloth manufacturers else- 
where. It is pronounced on all hands the best and cheapest blue dye known. 

Mr. Levi L. Whitney was l)orn in Princeton, Mass., Mr. Molt in Germany. Both are prac- 
tical and competent dyers. 



D. T. DUDLEY & SON, 



Manufacturers of Shuttles and Shuttle Irons for Broad, Cassimere, Satinet, SUk and 
Cotton Power and Hand Looms, Wilkinsonville. 

When textile manufacturing had secured a firm footing in New England it was not long ere 
a number of auxiliary industries were established, one of the most important of which was the 
making of shuttles and kindred loom appliances. In 1825 Jefierson Bellows engaged in this busi- 
ness at Farnunisville and in the course of time built up a first-class reputation and an excellent 
trade with mill-owners throughout this region — a reputation and trade which have remained 
with the concern and steadily increased during the years that have since elapsed. Mr. Bellows' 
successors in their chronological order were: Ruggles & Fowler, Fowler, Pratt & King, 
Sumner Pratt iS; Co., Wilkinsonville Shuttle Company, Chase & Dudley, Chase & 
Wilder, \\'ilcler & Co., and finally D. T. Dudk-y iS: .Son, the present proprietors, who assumed 
the management in 1867, and whose progressive methods have resulted in making it one of the 
most extensive and valuable plants of the kind in the country, running constantly on orders and 
shipping to all principal points in the United States, Canada, Mexico and South America, their 
shuttles and shuttle irons for looms of every description ranking with the best made anywhere. 
The plant comprises two substantial two-and-a-half-story frame buildings, respectively 40x100- 
and 25x50 feet, with which are connected a commodious storehouse and other appurtenances. 
The outfit of machinery, special tools, etc., is complete, and twenty expert mechanics are 
regularly employed. Mr. D.T. Dudley, the senior member of the present firm, embarked in this- 
business in the year 1836 at Wilkinsonville, and has been continuously engaged therein, with 
the exception of a few years, ever since, and may therefore be considered one of the oldest 
persons in his line in this State, and at the ripe age of seventy-three years is still actively 
engaged in his factory every day in the year. 



OAKHAM. 



THE town of Oakham, situated in the western half of Worcester county, is al- 
most the geographical center of the State. The land, though hilly, is pro- 
ductive, but there are no considerable streams. Originally known as the " West 
wing of Rutland" it was made a precinct in 1759, and incorporated under the 
present name as a town June 11, 1762. Manufactures coinprise lumber,. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 157 

baskets, agricultural implements, wood furnaces, wire goods, and flavoring ex- 
tiacts. Remote from the busy world and until recently deprived of railroad 
communication, the town is not growing in population or wealth, the census of 
1890 crediting it with only 738 residents. 



S. M. SARGEANT, 



Manufacturer of and Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Flavoring Extracts, Essences, 
Jamaica Ginger, Tinctures, Perfumes, etc. — Oakham, Mass. 

Mr. S. M. Sargeant of Oakham is widely and favoral)ly known, personally and through 
his meritorious preparations, not only throughout this county and State l)ut all over the country. 
He began the manufacture of flavoring extracts and similar commodities in 1865, has adhered to 
the best processes and highest standards, and has consequently built up a permanent, extended 
and flourishing trade, his goods finding and retaining favor with that large and steadily increas- 
ing class of housekeepers and others who place quality above cheapness, buy only the purest 
and strongest, and rejoice in satisfactory results for the time and money expended. For many 
years Mr. Sargeant has personally visited and publicly displayed his extracts, etc., in the 
principal cities and villages of the State; he has constantly upon the road in this and adjacent 
counties two splendidly-appointed four-horse wagons to supply the retail trade, and ships heavily 
to wholesalers and all over the eastern, middle, southern and western States. Mr. Sargeant's 
laboratory at Oakham, erected the past year, is a tasteful and commodious three-story frame 
Iniilding 20x40 feet, equipped with the latest improved apparatus and appliances suited to his 
requirements. lie employs ten assistants, uses only the choicest fresh materials, and produces large 
quantities of the finest extracts of lemon, vanilla, orange, almond, rose, Jamaica ginger, winter- 
green, peppermint, spearment, etc., together with tincture of rhubarb, bay rum and cologne. As 
before said, these goods are unexcelled for quality; they are sold at comparatively' low prices, 
and dealers need have no fear of their Ijeing returned liecause of any fault. 



WEBSTER. 



WEBSTER owes its origin as a manufacturing point to Messrs. Samuel Slater 
and Bela Tiffany, who began here, in 1813, the spinning of cotton yarns, 
adding to that, during the war of 1812, the weaving of broadcloth. The town 
was incorporated in 1832. Webster, situated on the line of the Norwich & 
Worcester railroad, sixteen miles south of the latter city, is in the center of the 
southern tier of towns and has a population of 7015. 



JOHN CHASE & SONS, 

Manufacturers of Woolen Worsteds, Men's Suitings, Cheviots, etc. — Chaseville ; 

P. O. Address, Webster. 

These mills rank with the largest and most famous of the kind in New England. A 
portion of the present structure was erected in i860 by the late John Chase, who subsequently 
admitted to copartnership his sons, one of whom, Mr. Frederick F. Chase, is the preseat sole 
proprietor, retaining the honored style under which the establishment originally won its repu- 
tation. The mills were in 1878 and 1882 enlarged to their present capacity. The buildings, 
constructed entirely of stone, consist of the principal mill, tour stories, 42x300 feet; the weav- 
ing shed, one story 100x160 feet; the picking and spinning mill, three stories, 34x100 feet; 
warehouse, one story, 30x200 feet; picker and engine-room, 32x165 feet; dye-house, 32x55 feet; 
second dye-house, two stories, 28x76 feet; burling-room, 28x68 feet; stock-room, 30x65 feet, 
and boiler-house, 42x60 feet. The equipment of new improved machinery is first-class and in- 
cludes twenty sets of cards, 16,000 spindles and 102 broad looms. Three hundred and seventy- 
five operatives are employed, and the output, enormous in quantity and value, comprising the 
best grades of woolen and worsted fabrics, suitings, cheviots, etc., is distributed to all parts of 
the United States through Boston and New York selling agents. These mills form quite an in- 
dustrial village of themselves, eligibly situated in the midst of spacious and well-kept grounds. 



158 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

The machinery is driven by a combination of steam and water — a 150-horse-power Corhss 
engine and two monster Humphrey turbine wheels. 

Chase Mill No. 2. 

This mill, producing the same variety of goods and situated at North Oxford, comprises two- 
three-story stone buildings, respectively 60x110 and 45x90 feet, one-story and basement, boiler 
and engine-house 25x95 feet, frame one-story and basement warehouse 35x100 feet, and fur- 
nishes employment to 175 hands, with eight sets and forty looms. The annual output of the 
two mills averages about $1,500,000, l:>eing distributed throughout the United States. 



THE STEVENS LINEN COMPANY. 



M. T. Stevens, President; H. S. Shaw, Treasurer — Mauufacturers of Linen Crash — 

Dudley ; P. O. Address, Webster. 

These mills probably took their rise in the embargo of 1809 and subsequent events that led 
up to our second war with England ; at any rate the original plant — since entirely rebuilt and vastly 
enlarged — was established in 1812 by the Dudley Mill Company, which, under various adminis- 
trations, continued to own and operate the property until 1864, when H. H. Stevens became 
the purchaser. Great improvements and additions were made under his management, which 
lasted for twenty-one years, when the present company, capital $350,000, was incorporated 
and assumed control, the present president being a brother of the preceding proprietor. The 
buildings are of stone, built in the most substantial manner, handsomely finished, perfectly 
lighted and ventilated, and comprise two great mills, one of five stories, 70x207 feet, the other 
of three stories, 36x1 10 feet. A description of the machinery would not interest the general 
reader, but sohie idea of its extent may he gained from the statement that one 375-horse-power 
Corliss and one 175-horse-power Woodruff & Beach engine and three turbine wheels aggregat- 
ing 180-horse-power are required to drive it. Four hundred operatives are steadily employed 
at good wages and pensioned when retired by old age, injury or declining health — a provision 
that has long distinguished the management of these mills and that enables them to secure the 
best possible help, an earnest rivalry existing among the working people of the district to secure 
place and preferment in the linen mills. The output is exclusively of coarse crash of the best 
grades, and is simply enormous in volume, selling agents being maintained in New York and 
Boston for the distribution of the goods to the trade east, north, south and west. 



THE TOWN OF ATHOL 



THE town of Athol is bounded on the north by Royalston, on the south and 
southeast by Petersham, on the east by Phihpston, and on the west by 
Frankhn county. It is quite irregular in form, watered by Miller's river and its 
tributaries, is noted for fine scenery, and as originally surveyed in 1732 con- 
tained an area of thirty-six square miles, now greatly reduced by the rearrange- 
ment of township lines and the erection of Philipston out of Athol's ancient terri- 
tory. The town was long known as " Pequoig on Miller's river," but was incor- 
porated March 6, 1762, under the present name. The population of Athol shows 
a steady and healthy increase, thus: 1790, 848; 1840, 1591 ; i860, 2,604; 
1870, 3,517; 1880, 4,307; 18S5, 4,758; 1890, 6,318. In educational matters 
Athol is fully abreast of the times. A high school was established in 1856, and 
many of the most active and useful young men of the town are its graduates. 
The grammar and graded schools are also of the highest order for thoroughness 
and efficiency. The Athol Library Association was organized December, 1878,. 
but was merged in the Free Public Library, April, 1882. 

Athol's transportation facilities are quite satisfactory, and consist of the Ver- 
mont & Massachusetts railroad, running east and west (a part of the Fitchburg 
system), and the Springfield, Athol & Northeastern, of the Boston & Albany 
system. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 1 59 

The Worcester Northwest Agricultural and Mechanical Society owns extensive 
grounds and substantial buildings adjacent to the village, where annual fairs are 
held. Of banks there are three — the Miller's River National (opened Septem- 
ber 12, 1854, as the Miller's River State Bank, and rechartered under the Na- 
tional banking law January 12', 1865), capital $150,000, reserve fund |ioo,ooo ; 
the Athol National Bank, opened September 15, 1874, capital $100,000; and 
the Athol Savings Bank, chartered 1S67. 

The industries of Athol are varied and important, embracing the manufacture 
of silk, woolen and leather goods, boots and shoes, woodenware, building ma- 
terials, furniture, chairs, etc. The press is represented by two excellent weekly 
newspapers — the Worcester IVest Chronicle and the Athol Transcript. The lat- 
ter was established in January, 1871, by Lucien Lord, then postmaster of Athol, 
and Edward F. Jones, an expert printer. Its first editor was Dr. V. O. Taylor. 
After one or two changes of ownership it passed into the control of its present 
proprietors, Mr. Lord and Mr. W. L. Hill. The latter has been its sole editor 
and manager about nineteen years, and has made it what it now is — one of the 
ablest and most influential and prosperous weekly papers in Massachusetts. It 
is an eight-page, 48-column paper, and covers the local field thoroughly, with an 
advertising patronage that sufficiently attests its popularity. Connected with the 
Transcript office is a large, splendidly equipped printing office, which enjoys 
the highest reputation for its work. The whole establishment is a model one, 
reflecting the greatest credit upon its managers and upon the community of 
which it is a leading institution. 



HILL & GREENE, 



Manufacturers of Ladies', Misses' and Children's Dongola, Goat and Grain Shoes 

— OflRce, No. 105 Summer Street, Boston. 

This firm is composed of Messrs. C. S. Hill and F. D. Greene of Boston, and Eli G. Greene 
of Athol, and W. L. Hyde (special partner) of Salem. Mr. Mat Regers is superintendent of 
the Athol factory, which was opened and commenced operations February 11, 1889. 

The factory here is an immense frame structure 40x120 feet with 22x36-foot L, three and 
a-half stories in height throughout. It is entirely new, erected by the company for the purpose, 
and is admirably arranged in every department, heated by steam, lighted by gas and numerous 
windows, fitted up with automatic sprinklers and fire alarm, and in all respects is a model estab- 
lishment. Great care was exercised in the selection of the equipment, which includes all the 
latest and best improved devices applicable to the class of work to be performed. Ample power 
is obtained from Mill brook, which at this point has an abrupt fall down the hillside. Two 
hundred and fifty operatives are employed, and the output averages about twelve cases per day 
of high grade dongola, goat and grain shoes for ladies,' misses' and children's wear. The 
excellence of the goods is evidenced by the widespread demand throughout the south and west 
and on the Pacific slope. 



ATHOL SHOE COMPANY. 



F. W. Breed — Manufacturer of Ladies' and Misses' Fine and Medium Shoes — Athol 
Center; Office, No. 286 Devonshire Street, Boston. 

Mr. F. W. Breed ranks with the most extensive and reputable of American shoe manufac- 
turers, and conducts large factories at East Rochester, N. H., and Rochester, N. H. The 
Athol factory, erected in 1S87, is run under the name of the Athol Shoe Company to distin- 
guish it from the other enterprises of Mr. Breed, who, a prominent and popular citizen of Lynn, 
exercises general supervision of his various interests from this point. The Athol factory is of brick, 
three stories, 50x150 feet, complete in all details, provided with fire alarm, automatic sprinklers and 
fire escapes. The machinery, of which a superb complement is used, is of the latest approved 
pattern and driven by water power from Mill brook, a fine steam engine being held in reserve 
for use in case of accident or failure of water supply. From 250 to 300 hands are employed, 
dependent upon the season and the state of trade, and have made nearly 3000 pairs per day of 
ladies' shoes, which were disposed of to dealers through the Boston office. No. 286 Devonshire 
street, where the wants of buyers receive prompt attention. 



NORFOLK COUNTY. 



THE territory forming Norfolk was formerly apart (the greater part) of Suffolk 
county, but by act of the (General Court dated June 20, i 793, all of Suffolk with 
the exception of the towns of Boston and Chelsea was erected into a new county, 
and incorporated under the name of Norfolk. Subsequently the towns of Hing- 
ham and Hull were detatched from Norfolk and annexed to Plymouth county. 
Agriculture — the wresting of a frugal livelihood from a reluctant soil — was the 
principal industry of the white inhabitants for several generations. The first 
permanent settlement was made at Dedham by order of the General Court 
dated September 3, 1635, the name authoritatively conferred a year later, and 
in a few years most of the inhabitants of Watertown, settled five years earlier, 
had abandoned their homes for the more fertile and attractive lands in the new 
town. Naturally Dedham became the county seat of Norfolk when that county 
came into existence. Dedhani's first trouble arose from an embarrassment of 
riches in land, which was gradually disposed of by the creation of new towns, 
thirteen of which and portions of four more were hewn out of her original terri- 
tory. The county is well watered, traversed by a dozen main line and branch 
railroads, and the seat of diversified and important industries. Population — 
census of 1 890 — 1 1 8,9 1 1 . 



T 



THE TOWN OF FRANKLIN. 

Hl'vRE is an unexplained mystery about the naming of Franklin. The town, 
previously known as the Westerly part of Wrentham, applied for incorpora- 




:gftgKr'ffi^''' ^"-^!«Mja 



OLD UNIVERSALIST CHURCH, FRANKLIN. 

tion as Exeter, and is so named in the original charter, but when the General 



INLAND MASSACHUSETIS ILLUSTRATED. 



l6l 



Court passed the act, March 1778, the name of FrankHn was substituted, 
by whom is not known, but probably by some ardent admirer of the printer 
philosopher, who was at the time ambassador to France and had but recently 
completed negotiations with the king of that country of a highly advantageous 
nature to the American Colonies, then engaged in the revolutionary struggle. 
Years afterward Franklin, in recognition of the compliment, presented the town 
with 116 volumes to found a library. Franklin contains 27.6 square miles 
(17,602 1-2 acres) of hill, dale and water. The village is 27 1-4 miles south- 
west of Boston, and is a bustling, enterprising place, the site of numerous exten- 
sive factories and the home of an intelligent, courteous and prosperous people. 
Much of Franklin's prosperity of late years is referable to the Ray family, whose 
enterprise is proverbial and whose influence is felt in finance, manufacturing, 
commerce and railroad building. More particular reference to this remarkable 
family will he found in the subjoined articles descriptive of their business inter- 
ests. The water power of the town, derived from Uiicas, Pepolatic and Kings- 
bury's ponds. Mine brook and Mill river, is ample, and is discharged into the 
Charles river, which skirts Franklin on the north. 



FRANKLIN NATIONAL BANK. 



James P. Ray, President ; M. Farnum, Cashier — Capital Stock, $200,000 — Banking 

House, Over Post Office, Main Street. 
The Franklin National dates from 1865, and was chartered under the Federal banking law, 
to supersede the Franklin State Bank, incorporated with $100,000 in 1850. Under its present 











^=- --—_." - ,-- --- - -" - ^_ ,1?--^ 


^—3* 




vW 


--:.■.-« 


J 


iM; j^^ 


y 




^llBk- ^'^''^^i/'^^^^ 




^B^Bm^uijgf^^nr\f^i^r;^^''^ r 


r^^==^ 


^OBBSXe^^SA^^^^i^^ ■ ^,\ 


S-:^- 






IH^^^^^^' '' 


"■$ 


^^B^BSI^^^---' ' 


'i 






^^BBSmBb^v-'. 


'i^-r^ 




auspices the institution has proved a most valuable and imy)ortant auxiliarj* to the business in- 
terests of the village and surrounding country, being conducted upon a conservatively liberal 
basis that assures first-class service to the community and all proper encouragement to industry. 



l62 



INLAND MASSACHUSE-rrS ILLUSTRATED. 







< 

Oh' 






o 

w 
u 

a 

w 
Pi" 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 1 63 

The banking rooms are neat and commodious, conveniently situated on the second floor over the 
post office on Main street, and special attention is given to deposits, loans, collections, exchange, 
discounts, etc. President James P. Ray is so well known in this and adjoining States that his 
name is sufficient guarantee of any enterprise in which he is engaged. The board of directors 
embraces other familiar and popular names, such as Joseph G. Kay, A. H. Morse, O. J. Rath- 
bun, A. D. Thayer, James F. Ra/and D. K. Ray — all representative business men. 



THE CITY MILLS COMPANY. 



James P. Ray, President; Joseph G. Ray, Treasurer; W. H. Sweatt, Superintendent 

— Manufacturers of Felt Goods. 

The City mills, representing an investment of $96,000, were erected l)y Messrs. J. P. & J. ('•• 
Ray in 1881, and comprise two stone buildings respectively 30x60 feet and 30x40 feet in area. 
The outfit of improved felting machinery is complete; a large nuniljcr of hands earn a liveli- 
hood in the works, and the output is very heavy. The City Mills Company dates from the es- 
tablishment of the plant in 1881. 

The history of the Ray family and its connections in this part of the country is a record of 
effort and achievement of which those interested may well be proud. Many years ago Colonel 
Joseph Ray estalilished a cotton mill in this place, but reverses overtook him, and after a heroic 
struggle he was forced to give up and retire. His son, James P., a born liusiness man, started 
upon his career at the age of seventeen with a total ready capital of seven dollars. At different 
times he has had associated with him all of his brothers, but of late only the youngest, Joseph 
G., and Oscar J. Rathbun, have taken an active part in some of the various enterprises of which 
he is the master spirit. The Messrs. Ray now own or control Ray's Woolen Company, the 
City Mills Company, the Franklin Cotton Company, the Franklin National Bank, the Putnam 
(Conn.) Manufacturing Company, the Massachusetts division and most of the Rhode Island 
division of the Franklin and Valley Falls railroad, and are the owners of the Woonsocket & 
Pascoag railroad, now approaching completion. Their Woonsocket interests include the owner- 
ship of the Ballou, Bartlett, Jenckesville and Lyman mills and a majority of the Citizens' Na- 
tional Bank stock. They are also large stockholders in numerous other industrial ventures. 
Among their daily products are 700 "comfortables" or bed-spreads (a commodity which James 
P. Ray first offered and failed to sell in Boston in 1840, and afterward disposed of in Provi- 
dence), 10,000 yards of batting, one ton of carpet lining, and vast quantities of other goods. 
On textiles alone they have constantly running 1200 cotton looms, 100 cassimere looms and lOO 
satinet looms. 

Mr. yames P. Ray's original seven dollars has yielded decidedly handsome returns. His 
individual holdings comprise several elegant brick blocks on Main street, many houses and lots 
in different parts of the village, and valuable real estate in this and other States. Personally he 
is an agreeable and popular gentleman who commands the respect and confidence of all classes, 
as is shown by the fact that he has been elected to and served creditably in both branches of 
the .State Legislature. 



THE NORFOLK WOOLEN COMPANY. 



W. F. Ray, President and Treasurer — Manufacturers of and Dealers in WgoI Sub- 
stitutes — Franklin, Norfork, Bellingham and Mendon. 
The Norfolk Woolen Company (succeeding the private concern of W. F. Kay, established 
in 1882), was incorporated in 1887 with $30,000 capital, and owns or controls mills at Union- 
ville (a suburb of Franklin), Norfolk, Bellingham and Mendon, their output of shoddy, wool 
waste and wool extracts averaging about 650 tons per annum, all of which is taken for consump- 
tion by manufacturers of woolen goods in New England, New York and Pennsylvania. The 
carding mill recently erected at Norfolk l)y this company is a substantial frame structure of two 
stories, 28x119 feet, with which is connected an older mill of one, two and three stories and 
about the same dimensions. Four pickers and twenty-two cards are required here, and thirty 
men are employed on the premises, besides a large number of people in the sorting and grading 
departments at Boston and Franklin. The Franklin mill at Unionville is a two-story frame 
building, fitted up with one picker and two garnet machines. The Bellingham mill is of wood 
and Ijrick, two stories, 25x60 feet, contains two pickers and eight cards, and employs six opera- 
tives. The Mendon mill is of brick, contaips two pickers and seven cards, and employs eight 
hands. The products of these mills are of the highest grade, and the company does a flourish- 
ing business, one of their greatest advantages being found in the fact that their works are eli- 
gi!)ly situated upon excellent mill streams that usually supply an abundance of water the year 
round, thus enabling them to economize very much in the matter of power. 



I 64 INLAND MASSACHCJSETl'S ILLUSTRATED. 

RAY'S WOOLEN COMPANY. 



James P. Ray, Edgar K. Ray, Joseph G. Ray, Oscar J. Rathbun — Manufacturers of 
Cassimsres, Satinets and Shoddy — Mills at Franklin and North Bellingham. 

Ray's Woolen Company, composed of the above-named prominent and capable business 
men, ranks with the largest producers of woolen fabrics in this part of New England. The 
capital invested in this particular industry by the firm aggregates $300,000, and the mills are 
three in number — a shoddy mill and a cassimere mill at Franklin, and a satinet mill and print- 
ing works at North Bellingham. 

The Shoddy Mill 

And appurtenances, erected in 1874, comprises one two-story brick building, 30x60 feet; 
one one-story brick, 50x100 feet; one two-story frame, 30x60 feet, and one one-story frame, 
30x100 feet. Eight pickers and twenty-five carding machine, form a part of the equipment, 
thirty-eight hands work here, and the output averages 23,000 pounds per week, a portion of 
which is consumed in the company's own mills, and the remaintler disposed of to the trade. 

The Satinet Mill, 

Built in 1876, consists of a two-story brick structure, 50x300, and a one-story frame, 50x130 
feet. The machinery outfit includes all late and valuable improvements; 130 hands are em- 
ployed, and the product of medium grade union cassimeres averages 260,000 pieces per annum, 
sold principally in the western markets. 

The Satinet Plant, 

Situated at North Bellingham, is in fact two mills, each three stories in height, one partly of 
stone and partly of brick, with basement 38x100 feet; the other entirely of stone and of the 
same dimensions, and each is equipped with four mules and forty-two looms. A brick one- 
story print shop, 50x150 feet, containing three machines, adjoins the mills. One hundred and 
twelve operatives are employed in the mills and twenty in the print works, and the product 
averages 1,200,000 yards of superior satinets annually. Messrs. James P. and Joseph G. Ray 
and Oscar J. Rathbun are associated in other business enterprises, mention of which is made in 
the article on the City Mills Company. 



FRANKLIN COTTON COMPANY. 



William F. Draper, President — Manufacturers of Grain Bags, Twine, etc. — Unionville. 

This company, incorporated in 1883, capital $50,000, is one of the numerous corporations 
controlled by Messrs. J. P. Ray and Oscar J. Rathliun. The mills are of stone, 50x120 teet, 
two stories in height, fitted up in the best manner with improved special machinery, give em- 
ployment to many people, and turn out goods of the average value of over $40,000 per annum. 
The grain bags and bagging, towels, cotton twine, etc., made here are in general request and 
the demand steady and increasing. 

F. B. RAY, 



Ray Fabric Company — Manufacturers of Felt, Patent Woven and Knit Horse 
Blankets, Patent Knit Mops, Fabrics and Linings — Unionville. 

The felt and knit goods mills now under consideration were built many years ago by F. B. 
Ray, who assumed sole proprietorship upon the dissolution of the original firm of Ray Brothers, 
of which he became a partner with Joseph G. and James P. Ray. The mill buildings, three in 
number, are of stone, frame and brick, 30x100, 30x60 and 30x40 feet, fully equipped with 
felting and knitting machinery driven liy steam and water. Fifty hands earn a livelihood 
here, and great quantities of horse blankets, mops, linings and kindred goods are produced and 
supplied to the trade throughout the country. 

This was the first shoddy manufacturing mill ever erected in the United States. In fact the 
town of Franklin is largely indebted to Mr. F. B. Ray for his enterprise in starting and estab- 
lishing new industries and in inducing and assisting others to estali-lish manufactories in this sec- 
tion. Not only was he a memlier of the old firm of Ray Brothers, one of the earliest manufac- 
turing firms of this part of the State, but he was the first to utilize old material and wool substi- 
tutes in the manufacture of goods in this country, and can fairly claim to be the pioneer of that 
industry on this side of the Atlantic. He was also the first maker of knit goods and felt in this 
town. He was originally in partnership with his brothers in the manufacture of twine, yarn, 
hatting and shoddy. He is now located at Unionville, and his goods are in such great demand 
that he is, putting in new and improved macliinery from abroad. He is also connected as 
director with the Norfolk Woolen Company and the Franklin Cotton Company. 



INLAlfJD MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED, 1 65 

FRANKLIN KNITTING COMPANY. 



A. D. Thayer, Proprietor — Manufacturer of Glove and Boot Linings, Jersey 

Cloths, etc. 

Mr. A. D. Thayer, proprietor of the Franklin Knitting Company, is related by marriage tu 
both the Thayer and Ray families, leading citizens, manufacturers, and financiers of this 
vicinity, and is himself prominent in l)usiness circles. In 18S4 Mr. Thayer erected the knitting 
mills and established the business under its present style, with cash capital invested to the 
amount of $35,000. How successful the enterjjrise has proven is shown by its magnitude to-day, 
occupying two buildings, 40x120 and 40x80 feet respectively, fitted up with all requisite appli- 
ances, including twenty-eight Crane circular knitting machines, employing thirty-five hands, 
and producing an average of 2,250 square yards of fabric per diem. Sales range from $80,000 
to $100,000 per annum, but if driven to their full capacity $125,000 worth of knit goods could 
be made in the same period. These fabrics — fleece and plush linings for rubber boots and 
gloves and popular grades of jersey cloth — find a ready market at remunerative prices. 



O. F. METCALF & SON3, 



Dealers in Hay, Grain, Flour, Oats and Mill Feed, Lumber and Builders' Supplies — 
Manufacturers of Packing Boxes and Cases — Woodworkers and Jobbers. 

Old-established l)usiness houses are as plentiful as new ones in this portion of the old Bay 
State, and, in the estimation of many, a good deal more respectable. The concern named in our 
caption furnishes a case in point. It was founded about fifty years ago by E. L. and O. F. 
Metcalf, and, strange to say,, the latter is still at its head, now as senior partner, having associ- 
ated with him his sons N. F. and Frank Metcalf and W. M. Fisher, the last-named acting as 
general manager. The premises comprise three two-story frame building — grain mill 30x40 
feet, saw mill 20x30 feet, and woodworking shops 60x150 feet, all well equipped and together 
furnishing employment to twenty men. The firm deal largely in flour, grain, hay and mill feed, 
doing considerable grinding, and are also extensive handlers of lumber and builders' supplies at 
wholesale and retail, executing promptly, besides, all orders for shop work and jobbing. Trans- 
actions amount to 25,000 bushels of grain, 1,500,000 feet of lumber, and 800,000 packing 
boxes and cases annually — the latter a specialty made expressly for the various straw goods 
manufacturers of the village and vicinity. Transactions aggregate about $100,000 a year. 



WAITE'S FELTING MILLS. 



E. Waite, Agent — Manufacturers of Graduated Pads and Polishing Felts — Rubber 

Linings of All Kinds a Specialty. 

The felting mills erected in 1884 by Mr. Enoch Waite form an important and interesting 
feature of Franklin's industries. The building is an unpretending two-story frame structure 56X 
125 feet, equipped with steam power and all late improvements in felting machinery, gives em- 
ployment to forty hands, and turns out 2000 pounds of car journal and saddle felts, skirt goods 
and boot linings daily, or $50,000 worth per annum. These goods are in steady request, and 
are sent to New York from the factory, and thence distril)Uted to all parts of the country. Mr. 
Waite, the originator of this enterprise, was born in England, coming to this country when quite 
young. For more than thirty years he has been connected in one capacity or another 
with the manufacture of felt and identified with some of the largest mills in the neighborhood of 
Franklin, and is consequently thoroughly conversant with the business in all its branches. In 
addition to managing the Waite felting mills he is interested in the Rockville felt mills and the 
Norfolk paper mills. 



TOWN OF FOXBOROUGH. 



FOXBOROUGH, named for the Right Honorable Charles James Fox, the 
eminent English statesman and friend of America, was formed out of parts 
of Wrentham, Walpole, Stoughton (now Canton), and Stoughtonham (now 
Sharon) the act of incorporation passing the Cieneral Court June lo, 1778, 
Foxborough is a lively interior town and a busy place. More than a hundred 
years ago it was a center of some commercial importance, and at the time of 
the Revolution supplied the Continental army with many cannon, shot and 
shell. The old foundry is still in operation and is described further along. 



i66 



INLAND IVIASSACHUSErrS ILLUSTRATED. 



FOXBORO FOUNDRY AND MACHINE COMPANY. 



H. C. Williams, President; Benjamin F. Boyden, 2d, Treasurer and Manager — 
Manufacturers of the Foxboro Hot Water Heater, etc. 

A lingering flavor of patriotic reminiscence attaches to the works of the Foxhoro Foundry 
and Machine Company, which were originally established in 178 1, the darkest hour of the rev- 
olutionary period, for the purpose of casting cannon, solid shot and shells for the use of the 

Continental army. It is a 
singular fact that whereas 
hundreds of New England 
foundries have since sprung 
into existence, failed and l^een 
forgotten, the Foxboro works 
have never been shut down, 
save for repairs or improve- 
ment, since the day, one hun- 
dred and ten years ago, 
they were first fired up. The 
plant was leased in 1878 by 
Mr. H. C. Williams, a skilled 
practical foundryman, who ran 
it for account of himself and 
the Otis Carey estate, owners, 
until 1888, when the present 
company, capital, $20, 000, was 
incorporated, with Mr. Wil- 
liams as president and B. F. 
Boyden, 2d, secretary and 
treasurer. The buildings, all 
frame, comprise a one-story 
foundry, 60x120 feet, a two- 
story-and-ljasement machine 
shop, 40x80 feet, with a fif- 
teen-horse-pow^er engine below 
ground; setting-up shop 40X 
60, pattern shop 40x60, 
and sand-house 40x40 
feet, all one story, besides 
several warehouses. The 
machinery, which consists of 
the usual foundry and machine 
shop equipment, is driven about ten months each year V^y a twenty-five-horse-power wheel, tak- 
ing water from Wading river. The force of molders and machinists employed averages about 
forty, and the annual value of output varies from $40,000 to $50,000, specialties lieing made of 
presses, stampers, flats and pressing jacks for straw goods manufacturers, furnaces and hot 
water heating apparatus. The straw goods appliances are supplied to the trade all over the 
country; the furnaces are sold in Boston, and the heating apparatus is shipped to Boston, New 
York and Philadelphia. Since January, 1890, Mr. Boyden has had the active management of 
the business, and under his control it has largely increased in extent. Mr. Jarvis Williams re- 
tains his position as superintendent of the machine shop, which he has held for many years 
past. The Foxboro Foundry and Machine Company's Boston ofifice is at No. 74 Tremont street. 



^^«? 




TOWN OF WRENTHAM. 



WRENTHAM (Indian name, WoUomonopoag) d^tes back to October 17, 
1673, at which time an act of the General Court was passed setting her 
apart from Dedham and conferring upon her the powers and privileges of a sep- 
arate town. Subsequently the town was subdivided into four precincts, each of 
which eventually became distinct towns, viz : Wrentham, Franklin, Norfolk and 
Bellingham. Wrentham lies in the extreme southwest corner of Norfolk county, 
and, besides being a delightful place of residence, is the seat of several import- 
ant industries. South Wrentham is a lively village in the same town. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETIS ILLUSTRATED. 167 

CROOK BROTHERS, 



Manufacturers of Woolen Yarns of All Kinds — South Wrentham. 

The manufacture of pure woolen yarns is one of the most useful and important of industries, 
but in this country is handicapped to a certain extent by unfavorable conditions of an artificial 
nature; notwithstanding wliich there are still a few moderately prosperous mills at various 
points, a notable example being that of Crook Brothers, South Wrentham. The concern was 
originally established at Central Falls by the late Henrj' Crook, who sulasequently removed, 
first to Attleboro, and subsequently, seventeen years ago, to South ^^'rentham. Nine years ago he 
died, and was succeeded in business by his sons S. W. and A. W., practical spinners, brought 
up under their father's instructions, 'i'he mill is a two-story frame structure with attic, 50x70 
feet, with engine and boiler-room and packing-house attached. The machinery equipment is 
first-class, embracing all useful modern improvements, and eight skilled hands are employed. 
The yarns made here are of the best quality according to grade, and are readily disposed of to 
the trade, the firm finding its principal and most profitalile market in the New England States. 
Sales average 1300 pounds of custom-made yarns in all grades daily, the average value of which 
is fifty cents per pound. Crook Brothers also own and cultivate a sixty-acre farm near the mill. 



MEDWAY. 



THE town of Medway, originally that part of Medfield nortli and west of 
the Charles river,, was incorporated October 25, 1713. The territory 
comprises fiften square miles and is watered by the Charles river. Population, 
about 3000. Medway village. East Medway, West Medway and Rockville are 
the post offices. Careyville is situated two or three miles south of Rockville, and 
the N. Y. & N. E. railroad passes through both places. 



CHARLES C. CAPRON. 



Manufacturer of Woolen Yarns — Mill on Charles River, Medway. 

This mill, formerly known as the Sanford mill, was purchased in September last, by Mr. 
Charles C. Capron, who is also the owner of two similar establishments at Uxbridge. Mr. 
Capron's son, John L., an experienced and energetic young man, is the capable resident super- 
intendent, and both father and son already manifest an active interest in the local affairs of the 
town, its progress and improvement. The mill is a handsome and substantial modern four-story 
brick structure, 55x150 feet, advantageously situated on the bank of the Charles river, and is 
splendidly equipped throughout with five sets of the latest improved carding, spinning and 
twisting, weaving, finishing and dyeing machinery, driven by an 80-horse-power turbine wheel 
and a steam engine of like power. Twenty-five operatives work in the various departments, 
and the capacity of the plant is 5,000 to 10,000 pounds per week of all-wool yarns in all grades 
for the use of woolen cloth, stocking and carpet manufacturers. The product is readily taken by 
the trade here in New England, New York and Pennsylvania. Orders for specialties are filled 
at short notice. 



SYLVESTER A. GREENWOOD, 

Manufacturer of Packing Boxes for the Boot, Shoe and Straw Goods Trade — 

Careyville. 

Careyville is situated on the line of the New York & New England railroad, in the town of 
Bellingham, Norfolk county, and occupies a particularly favorable position with reference to the 
packing case industry, having direct communication by rail with Boston, Woonsocket, Port- 
land and other points as well as with neighl)oring m-anutacturing villages. 

In 1885 Messrs. Hunter and tlreenwood began the business of making and supplying 
wooden boxes for the trade, and were quite successful, but Mr. Hunter retired last July, his in- 
terest reverting by purchase to Mr. Greenwood, a native of the village, a competent mechanic 
and enterprising citizen. His factory, erected in 1886, is a commodious frame structure of two 
stories, 60x120 feet, fitted up with all requisite woodworking machinery, driven by a 40-horse- 
power engine, the boiler also supplying steam for warming the building. Sixteen men are kept 



1 68 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

steadily hammering away to fill orders, and during the past year worked up 1,500,000 feet of 
lumber, producing $25,000 worth of packing bokes in various styles, which were disposed of to 
boot and shoe and straw goods manufacturers in this State and Rhode Island, many of them 
going to Howard penitentiary and still greater quantities in Medway and adjacent places. Mr. 
Greenwood's facilities are first-class, and he is prepared to execute orders in his line at short 
notice and at moderate prices. His shop adjoins the railroad station. 



TAFT, M'KEAN & CO., 



Manufacturers of Satinets, Careyville — Macintosh, Green & Co., Selling Agents, No. 
56 Franklin Street, Boston; No. 59 Leonard Street, New York. 

C. H. Cutler & Co. established this business in 1868. Moses Taft, Esq., of Uxbridge 
(who has since sold his interest to his son, Mr. L. H. Taft) William A. McKean and A. E. Bul- 
lard organized a copartnership and bought the plant in 1880. They have made many improve- 
ments in the buildings and equipment, and it stands to-day a valuable and productive property 
— a handsome and substantial three-story frame structure with basement, the appurtenances 
comprising a separate finishing room, ot^ce, brick boiler and engine house, outhouses, etc., a 
75-horse-power wheel driven by the current of the Charles river and a 140-horse-power engine 
supplying an abundance of motive power. The machinery outfit includes eight sets of woolen 
cards, eighty looms, and all requisite dyeing and finishing appliances. One hundred operatives 
find employment here, and the product averages in value $150,000 per annum, the well-known 
standard Careyville satinets forming the leading specialty, though large quantities of heavy coat- 
ings and union cassimeres are turned out. The village of Careyville, on the N. Y. & N. E. rail- 
road, consists principally of the mill buildings, a number of neat cottages for the help, and the 
elegant houst;s of Messrs. McKean and Bullard, resident partners and big-hearted, public- 
spirited gentlemen. 



ADDITIONAL SPENCER. 



SPENCER WIRE COMPANY. 



Richard Sugden, President and Treasurer; H. VJ. Goddard, Secretary — Manufactur- 
ers of Iron and Bessemer Steel Wire — Wire Village. 

The Spencer Wire Company's plant at Wire Milage, three miles distant from Spencer 
Center, was founded forty-two years ago by Messrs. Richard Sugden and Nathaniel Meyrick. 
The present company, capital stock $75,000, was organized in 1878. The premises comprise 
four commodious frame mill buildings along the Quabaug, a rapid stream with a hundred-foot 
fall. The product is very large and of the highest grade, comprising iron and Bessemer steel 
wires of every gauge and description, and is in steady and increasing demand. 

President Sugden is an Englishman by birth, and an experienced practical wire manufacturer. 
He is also an influential and respected citizen, treasurer of the Spencer Gas Company, a director of 
the Spencer National Bank, and recently erected the finest brick business block on Main street 
in that village, to which he also presented the Sugden Library building. 



E. E. STONE & CO., 



Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Lumber, \A^indow Frames, Sash, Blinds, Doors^ 

Mouldings, etc — Wall St. 
The planing mill and lumber yard now under consideration were established many years ago 
by a Mr. Temple, who afterward disposed of his interest to Barnes & Mullett. Messrs. Mullett 
& Stone formed a copartnership in 1862, and three years later Mr. E. E. Stone became sole pro- 
prietor. Barnes & Horr purchased in 1885, l)ut soon resold to Stone & Prouty, Mr. Prouty sub- 
sequently retiring and Mr. Stone succeeding under the present style of E. E. Stone & Co. 
The planing mill, situated on Wall street opposite the railroad depot, is a three-story frame 
building, 40x60 feet, heated by steam, lighted by gas, and equipped with a fine complement of 
improved woodworking machinery. Ample storage yards are attached, and a modern dry- 
house of 50,000 feet capacity completes the plant. Ten competent workmen are employed, 
and great cjuantities of superior doors, sash, blinds, mouldings, window frames and inside finish 
are made here to order or carried in stock for the trade. Parties in want of any of the mate- 
rials named, or of dressed lumber, builders' finish, etc., will find it to their interest to inspect 
Stone & Co.'s facilities, stock and prices. Mr. Stone is a practical mechanic and thorough- 
going business man of high standing. 



4 



BRISTOL COUNTY. 



BRISTOL COUN IT is one of the two extreme southern counties of 
the State, Plymouth being the other and forming the eastern boundary, 
Norfolk county lying north, Buzzard's Bay south, and Newport, Bristol and 
Providence counties, Rhode Island, west. The county was incorporated under 
the present name, and the town of the same name made the seat of justice in 
1685, and so continued until the rectification of the colony boundaries in 1746^ 
when the towns of Bristol, Barrington, Warren and Little Compton were awarded 
to Rhode Island and the ])resent name was adopted. Taunton became 
and remained the sole county-seat, where all courts were held, until 
1828, when New Bedford, then an important whaling, commercial and 
shipbuilding port with more than 6000 inhabitants, was made a half shire 
village, suitable buildings being erected, officials provided, and a share 
of the court business transferred to that place. The State boundary was again 
adjusted in i860, when Bristol county parted with Pawtucket and a part of 
Seekonk, obtaining in return that portion of Tiverton which adjoins Fall River. 
The city of Fall River was made a third shire town in 1877, and now has the 
finest court-house and public buildings in the county, where is transacted the 
bulk of the legal business of the Bristol courts. The population of the county in 
1780 was little more than 26,000 ; in 1870 it was 102,886 ; in 1890, 186,403. 
The three cities contain, by the last census, inhabitants as follows : Taunton, 
25,389 ; New Bedford, 40,705 ; Fall River, 74,351. The towns number twenty, 
and stand in alphabetical order : Acushnet, Attleborough, North Attleborough, 
Berkley, Dartmouth, Dighton, Fasten, Fairhaven, Fall River, Freetown, Mans- 
field, New Bedford, Norton, Raynham, Rehoboth, Seeconk, Somerset^ Swansea, 
Taunton and Westport. The early history of the county relates principally to 
Indian troubles, and, besides being confused and in some respects apochryphal, is 
too voluminous and inconsequential for repetition here. Those fond of that kind 
of reading can find all the pioneer annals, quaint spelling and preposterous Indian 
names they desire upon the library shelves all over New Fngland. The first 
white settlements were planted in the county by detachments from Plymouth 
about 1637, and Taunton was incorporated in 1639, nineteen years after the 
landing of the pilgrims. 



FALL RIVER. 

THE original settlement occurred in 1656, and the incorporation of Fall River 
town in 1803. The name was adopted in deference to the outlet of the 
Watuppa lakes, a rapid and turbulent stream supplying a vast water power, pre- 
viously known to the Indians as Quequechan (Falling Water), but rechristened 
by the whites in consonance with its natural characteristics. This stream drains 
the lakes referred to — a series of deep ponds some six miles in length lying three 
and a- half miles distant from Mount Hope bay, a superb harbor now over- 
looked by the flourishing city, one of the most important cotton manufacturing 
centers in the United States. On the opposite or northwest side the city is 




- .Jl-f 



mi. - 'v'i 




■A rfi- , : . 1 




&f^ ■ •'-■, 




t.^' ■ "i .'. 




-,W;' -,-.■ 








?•>. ^ .' - 


X 


. f.< •■■ ^-i 


a 




> 










a •- . ■ '.' 




B \ 


J 


£ '•■-- 


J 


R-. 


< 


P- ■ 


■^ 










fe '- 





^if^^i ^ 





"w'^- ' 


X 


ff-- 


D 


-5, , , 


rSi 






INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



171 



washed by the noble Taunton river, into which the waters of Fall River finally 
empty. The shore of the bay is rather bold and precipitous, but at a distance 
of half a mile becomes a gradually rising plateau which extends to the 
lakes already mentioned, the latter supplying an unfailing abundance of water, 
which is largely lUilized for industrial purposes, though the steam engine is 
the main reliance Tor power of late years. It is claimed by those who have 
studied the subject that the climate of Fall River is moderate and cjuite 
uniform, the extreme rigors of winter and the enfeebling heats of summer being 
alike unknown, and that consequently the healthfulness of the locality is unsur- 
passed by that of any other on the North Atlantic coast. An almost constant 
refreshing breeze and cool nights in summer make Fall River a delightful place 
of residence — a fact that is recognized and appreciated by many wealthy resi- 
dents whose homes are designed and constructed with reference to the enjoyment 
of life at all seasons, and who seldom seek the sea-shore resorts save for tempo- 
rary change of scene and society. 

Fall River was incorporated as a city in the year 1S54, from which time un- 
til 1S70 her progress and growth, more particularly in the matter of population, 
was more marked for substantial worth than for rapidity, but in the year last 
named began a rush to secure the desirable mill-sites and other advantages of 
the vicinity, the making pf public and private improvements, the erection of fac- 
tories, etc., all of which tended to the attraction of permanent dwellers, with the 
result that in 18S0 the city boasted 48,961 residents, in 1885 56,870, and in 
1890, as shown by the recent census, 74,35 i — a gain of about 47,000 in twenty 
years, or nearly 150 per cent. 

The prosperity of Fall River is based upon cotton manufacturing and its 
collateral industries. Twenty-odd millions of dollars are invested in the mills 
here, which employ an aggregate of 25,000 hands in all departments and pay 
$6,500,000 annually in wages. The profits in this business are fair, but for 1S90 
were not so large as in the preceding year, owing to various causes, among them 
an advance in the price of raw material, extensive and costly repairs, a dull mar- 
ket for the last half of the year, and a two weeks shut-down, which, by the way, 
failed of favorable effect upon quotations. Mr. F. O. Dodge furnishes the fol- 
lowing figures, showing the capital stock and dividends of thirty mills for the 
twelve months ending November 10, 1890 : 





Dividend 


Capital 




Dividend 




Per cen 


t. 


stock. 


Amount. 


P 


er cent. 


American, 


4 




$800,000 


$32,000 


Metacomet, 


I 1-2 


Barnard, 


6 




330,000 


19,800 


Xarraganset, 


6 1-2 


Border City, 


S 




1,000,000 


80,000 


Osborne, 


6 


Barnaby, 


6 




400,000 


24,000 


Pocasset, 


8 


Bourne, 


12 




400,000 


48,000 


Ric'd Borden, 


6 


Chace, 


7 I 


-2 


500,000 


37-500 


Roljeson , 


7 1-2 


Crescent, 


4 




500,000 


20,000 


Sagamore, 


6 1-2 


Conanicut, 


6 




120,000 


7,200 


Shove, 


6 1-2 


Davol, 


8 




300,000 


24,000 


Slade, 


5 


Flint, 


9 




580,000 


52,200 


Stafford, 


9 1-2 


Globe yarn, 


8 




900,000 


72,000 


Tecumseh 


6 1-2 


Granite, 


19 




400,000 


76,000 


Troy, 


14 


Hargraves, 


6 




400,000 


24,000 


Union, 


14 


King Philip, 


, 6 




1,000,000 


60,000 


Wampanoag, 


9 1-2 


Laurel Lake 


. 9 I 


■2 


400,000 


38,000 


Weetamoe, 


4 


Merchants' 


8 




800,000 


64,000 






Mechanics' 


5 I 


-2 


750,000 


41,000 


Totals, 





Capital 




stock. 


Amount. 


$288,000 


$4,320 


400,000 


26,000 


600,000 


36,000 


800,000 


64,000 


800,000 


48,000 


260,000 


19,500 


900,000 


58,500 


550,000 


35>75o 


450,000 


27,500 


400,000 


38,000 


500,000 


32,500 


300,000 


42,000 


700,000 


105,000 


750,000 


71,250 


550,000 


22,000 



$18, 778, 000 $1,414, 270 



Average, 7.55 per cent., against 9.37 per cent, for 1889. The mills showing the 



172 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



largest falling off were the Merchants', American, Wampanoag, Seaconnet, 
Linen, Sagamore and Flint, while those paying increased dividends were the 
Crescent, Pocasset, Stafford and Border City. The mills of Fall River produce 
every grade and description of cotton cloths, yarns and kindred goods made on 
this side of the Atlantic, in vast and steadily increasing quantities. Among the 
other notable and important industries developed and fostered in large part by 




POST OFFICE. 



-FALL RIVER. 



the cotton interest may be mentioned the manuflicture of boilers, engines, ma- 
chinery of all kinds, loom reeds and harnesses, hats, shoes, etc.. while the hand- 
ling of coal for mill, railway and domestic consumption, mill supplies, food pro- 
ducts, etc., invohe millions of capital and the employment of thousands of 
people. 

Banking focilities for all classes are excellent, there being seven National 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. I 73 

banks with $2,150,000 aggregate capital, two co-operative and three savings 
banks. Transportation facilities are also ample, there being direct railroad 
lines to Boston, Providence, New Bedford and Newport, with daily steamers to 
New York and to Providence. Extensive wharves and docks along the water 
front afford all requisite conveniences for handling freight and passengers, w^hile 
the coal companies and cotton mills own and control docks for the accommodation 
of their own business. The fire and police departments are organized and man- 
aged on liberal and enlightened principles. The former is numerous and effici- 
ent ; the latter strong in numbers, under perfect discipline, provided 
with the latest improved apparatus and appliances, and thoroughly re- 
liable under all circumstances, having at command inexhaustible supplies of 
water and further aided by a si^rinkler system, operated automatically, with 
which the mills are equipped. 

The public school system, like that of other Massachusetts cities, is hardly 
susceptible of improvement, — the city owning forty-two school-houses ; average 
attendance, 1S89, 7,264, or 71 per cent, of the entire enrollment. In this con- 
nection mention should be made of the B. M. C. Durfee high school, the gift of 
Mrs. Mary B. Young and a memorial to her deceased son Bradford Matthew 
Charloner Durfee. We have not space for a detailed description, but will state 
that the building, three and a-half stories in height, is of granite, is 253 feet in 
length, of an average width of seventy-five feet, and is ornamented with two 
towers, one containing a clock and chime of bells, the other an observatory fit- 
ted with telescope and other appropriate apparatus. Twelve commodious class- 
rooms, a chemical laboratory, a chemical lecture-hall, masters' room, reception 
room, mechanical drawing room, gymnasium, industrial science room, and ex- 
hibition hall that will seat 1,400 spectators are provided. The generous donor 
added to her beneficence an endowment fund §50,000. This is the handsomest 
edifice in the city, which contains also a 8250,000 custom-house and post office, 
a fine court-house, city hall and numerous other public buildings, besides many 
costly and imposing church structures, massive business blocks and mills. The 
public library is a conspicuous feature for many reasons, not the least of which 
is the noble collection of over 30,000 volumes upon its shelves. 

Street railways, electric lights and general intelligence and courtesy add 
much to the attractiveness of the citv. 



NARRAGATfSETT MILLS. 



Edward S. Adams, President ; James Waring, Clerk and Treasurer — Manufacturers of 

Cotton Cloth— N. Main Street. 

This company was incorp<iratc(l with cajiital stock to the amount of $400,000 in 1871. The 
board of directors meets annually the last week in October, and is composed of President 
Adams, Clerk and Treasurer Waring, Oeorge \V. Nowell and Oeorge H. Ilawes of F'all River; 
John H. Thompson of Providence, and Abraham Steinau of New York. The company's 
buildings, situated on North Main street, comprise the mill proper, six stories, 73 .x 298 feet, 
with two-story L, 32 x 106 feet; two-story cloth house, 57 x 78 feet, and storage warehouse of 
one story, 66 x 150 teet. Superintendent John Plarrison has under his direction 325 hands, 
whose aggregate wages average $2,500 per week. The machinery outfit includes all modern 
improvements, and consists in part of 38,000 spindles and 948 looms, all driven by a splendid 
looo-horse-power triple expansion steam engine. To run the engine and machinery requires 
the consumption of 3,000 tons of coal and 3,500 gallons of oil annually; the materials used 
comprise 4,800 bales of cotton and 50,000 pounds of starch, and 12,000,000 yards of superior 
goods for home and foreign trade are produced. 



174 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

DR. WM. B. SOLOMON, 



Botanical Medical Institute for the treatment of Chronic Diseases — Office and 

Residence, No. 157 N. Main Street. 
A good many years ago Dr. James M. Solomon of Attleboro, Mass., invited the opposition, 
criticism and scorn of the medical fraternity by devoting himself to the study of certain special- 
ties in chronic complaints, including throat and 
lung troubles, female difficulties, impurities of the 
blood, liver and kidney irregularities, debility, etc. 
His success as an investigator was phenomenal, and 
the remedies he discovered have long since taken 
their place among the most reliable standard vege- 
table curatives known. The doctor long enjoyed 
the fame and favor resulting from his well-directed 
labors, and, dying, left a worthy successor in his 
son. Dr. \Vm. B. Solomon, trained from boyhood 
under his father's personal instruction, a graduate 
of the medical department of Columbia College, 
New York, and of the New York College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons, and himself an enthusiastic 
investigator. After some years' active practice and 
unremitting study and experiment, the younger Dr. 
Solomon removed to Providence, R. I., where he 
achieved wonerlul success, but the field finally 
l)ecanie too narrow for a physician of his reputation 
and capacity, and he finally removed in May, 1890, 
to Fall River, establishing his Botanical Medical 
Institute and laboratory at No. 157 North Main 
street, where provided with spacious and elegant 
reception and consultation rooms, ample stocks of 
the choicest foreign and American medicinal roots, 
herbs, barks, gums, leaves and blossoms, a superb- 
ly appointed laboratory and appurtenances and an intelligent corps of competent assistants — 
in a word, with every conceivable intellectual, material, physical and mechanical aid — the doc- 
tor is prepared to diagnose and treat successfully every form of disease known to the profession, 
giving, however, special attention to the chronic afflictions indicated in our reference to his 
father and exemplar. All the medicines he prescribes are prepared direct from the original 
materials under his own supervision, and are consequently of definite known strength and effi- 
cacy. The standard medicines of which he is sole proprietor and manufacturer include Dr. \\m. 
B. Solomon's vegetable antiseptic tablets, for catarrh, bronchitis, hay fever, asthma, influenza, 
etc.; Dr. \Vm. B. Solomon's anti-catarrhal pills; Dr. AYm. B. Solomon's anodyne pills for 
diarrhea, dysentery and summer complaint; Dr. \Vm. B. vSolomon's blood syrup, for humors, 
skin diseases, liver and kidney complaints, general debility, etc.; Dr. Wm. B. Solomon's herbal 
female pills, and Dr. \Ym. B. Solomon's vegetable spermatorrhjea pills. He is also proprietor 
and sole manufacturer of Dr. Wm. B. Solomon's catarrh cure, harmless salve, cough balsam, 
fever drops, rheumatic destroyer, India plants (for female complaints — a radical cure), gum 
liniment, laxative cordial, great appetite medicine, and king of pain cures. Dr. Solomon is an 
earnest, studious, conscientious and extremely progressive physician, with whom the treatment 
of the ills that flesh is heir to is neither a pastime nor an experiment, as his phenomenal success 
attests. He stands high in his profession and the community, and deserves the material pros- 
perity and mental equipoise which he enjoys. 




FLYNN BOILER WORKS. 



Daniel Flynn — Manufacturer of Flynn's Upright Tubular Boilers — Marine, 
Locomotive and Stationary Boilers, Tanks, Gas Holders and Heaters — Sheet 
Iron Work of All Kinds — No. 10 Pond Street. 

The world is promised a perfected electric engine that will generate its own power — sometime, 
and probably the promise will eventually be made good, but in the meantime the steam engine 
will not be abandoned, and while it survives its indispensable auxiliary and source of power, the 
steam boiler, will continue in request. A vast amount of ingenuity and experiment have been 
expended upon the boiler, and it has been brought to a point of perfection and efficiency never 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. I 75 

ilicamt-d of by Watt or Fultciii. I'raclically speaking, every new boiler made is an improvement 
in some respect over llic last, even when constructed on the same general lines, in the same 
shop, by the same mechanics. The skillful boiler-maker is known by the success that attends 
his work and the patronage influenced thereliy. Judged by this standard, Mr. Daniel Flynn 
ranks with the best. He is the inventor of Flynn's famous upright tubular boiler, which has 
triumphed in all tests,' and in 1SS2 established works at No. lo Pond street, this city, for the pur- 
pose of manufacturing on a large scale. His shops are abundantly provided with all recjuisite 
tools, machinery and appliances. Employing expert workmen only, Mr. Flynn is prepared to 
execute in the best manner and without delay all orders for marine, locomotive and stationary 
boilers in new or standard styles, tanks, gas-holders, heaters, and sheet-iron work of every 
(lescrijition. Prompt attention is given to repairs in his line. All work done by him is tully 
warranted, and he does a flourishing business in Fall River and throughout New England. 



LAUREL LA.KE MILLS. 



John P. Slade, President ; Abbott E. Slade, Clerk and Tr.easurer — Manufacturers of 
Print Cloths and Wide Goods — Broadway. 

The Laurel Lake Mills Company, incorporated with $400,000 capital stock in 1S81, is one of 
the most prosperous enterprises in this vicinity, investment considered, the stock being quoted at 
par and yielding a dividend of 12 per cent, for 1889 — a result, however, which is not so very 
surprising when it is remembered that the directory is composed of such able and experienced 
manufacturers as President John P. Slade, S. H. Miller, John B. Whitaker, Prelet D. Conant, 
Leonard N. Slade and George W. Xowell of Fall River; J. Frank Howland of Boston; James 
E. Easterbrook of Swansea, and A. E. Slade of Fall River. The mills, situated on Broadway, 
are of granite, and comprise the main building of five stories, 93 x 244 feet; a three-story 
picker-house, 51 x 74 feet; a one-story boiler-house, 40 x 58 feet, and a one-story warehouse, 
72 X 130 feet. The mill, of which Horace W. Tinkham is superintendent, is fitted up with 
35,008 spindles, 880 looms, three steam engines of 800 aggregate horse-power, and all requisite 
accessories, and gives employment to 365 hands, whose aggregate weekly pay averages $2,400. 
The annual output is about 13,000,000 yards of print cloths and wide cotton goods tor the home 
market and export, and the consumption of materials and supplies amounts to 4,500 bales of 
cotton, 40,000 pounds starch, 3,000 gallons of oil and 3,000 tons of coal. 



THE MELLEN HOUSE. 



G. H. Bowker &,Co., Proprietors — Corner of North Main and Franklin Streets. 

The Mellen is a truly superb hotel — a magnificent five-story granite, brick and brownstone 
pile, at once an oranment lo the city and a monument to the taste of the architect and the liber- 
ality of the projectors. The imposing exterior is, however, but an imperfect index to the inte- 
rior, where oriental splendor in subdued form combines western elegance and convenience in 
ministry to the ease and comtbrt of the inmates and the pleasure of transient visitors, who ob- 
tain here a glimpse of what ample means allied to artistic taste may accomplish tor the traveler 
and the permanent guest. A broad and lofty corridor with mosaic floor of marV)le and walls of 
hardwood panels leads from the main entrance to the beautifully appointed and commodious 
office. To the left of the main corridor is the spacious and handsomely ecjuipped billiard hall, 
to the right of the office a broad and ornate stairway leads to the main corridor ol the second 
floor, and still further to the right is the entrance to the grand dining-hall, capable of seating 
two hundred people and fitted up in the most attractive style, with antique fireplace and hardw ood 
floor in mosaic design. Returning to the corridor, we find on the left the great public reception- 
room, sumptuously furnished and fitted with rich hangings and costly carpets, carved tables, lux- 
lu-ious chairs and consoles, rare pictures and a splendid square grand piano. Six equally elegant 
private parlors are found conveniently distributed upon the various floors, and in addition each 
of the twenty sit/'/cs of rooms provided tor family occupancy has its own separate parlor in the 
appointments of which cost has been the least consideration. Sixty large and inviting rooms, 
fitted and furnished to correspond with the rest of the house, are reserved for the accommoda- 
tion of such guests as are unaccompanied by wives and children. Of course every conceivable 
provision in the way of toilet rooms, baths, electric lights, watchmen, safeguards against fire 
and its perils, steam heat, proper ventilation, etc., is made, and the weary stranger who hands 
over his grip and inscribes his name upon the Meilen's register may retire in the assurance of 
absolute safety. A fine 60-horse-power steam engine in the basement drives the dynamo and 
runs the elevators; the house is flooded with light when required, and the necessity of tiresome 



'7" 



1 N 1 ,.\ N 1 ) M ASSAl '1 1 1 'Sl'-.r IS 1 1 ,M ISIUATi:! >. 



iliUlllfVs ll|i .mil iliiwii slaiis is (li',|icnM(l uilli. l\r;iiliiii; ;in<l •.iiKiKini' iimmii'., s;un|il(' iMom, 

Ii.IiIm'I slllip .Hill Inlll |in\.lli' lliinil;' luiilll'. Inl lllr llsr ill lailllllr-, .lllil | M I I II s a I c .ijsii .lllliiMi' llu- 

.illi.ic I iiur.. 

Messrs. (i. II, liuwUri X (ii., llir Irssi'i's, nii' ('\|)i'i ii'iui'ij .mil |iii|nihii imlcl mm, iiiiiinic- 
lols lu'siiii's 111 llic I lull'! I lainilliiii .il I lii!\'iiKr ami llic Wiiillniip I lulrl al Mi'iiiicii, ( 'unii. 'I'lii' 
(inn is I 1 'iii|iii Mil ill Mrssis. ti. IL.inil |. II, r.ii\\ kn , Imi m .mil ir.nril .il ( 'liai Irslow n, N . II. 
'I'll fir In. I \ rill in r 111 I lir n ill' nl linsls w .i-. iii.ulc I w il\ r \ r.n. .ii'i >, « Inn I li<\ i ipriiril I li,- \\ iiuisnl' 
llnlrl .il llnhiikr, .illil I U 1 1 \r,lls .ii'n Innk llir m.m.li;i'inrnl nl lllr llnl.l ll.iinillun III lli.il rilv, 

wliifli IS ill pn'si'iil m.iua|i;r(l li\ (1. II. Itiiwkn vK ( n. I lic\ suii ri'ilcil sn well llial live Ncnrs 

Inter lliey iipened llie \\'ii\lliiii|i .i| Mcii(lei\, ('nnn., ami in I SSS inuk eliaii'.e nl llie Mellen. 

'riicy sliiiU In plr.isr .mil s.ili'.h ihi- li.iM'lini; .iml Imlrl | M 1 1 niii/iii;; pulilir, ami, nirasinini; llirii 

slieeess liy llie |i|n',|>ii il s lli.il li.is .ilUiuleil liieit seveial eiilii pi ises, i| is jMe.il imieril. 



] 




IIAUGKAVKS IVIANllKACTUHINa (COMPANY. 

Keubeii I l.ni'.i .i\es, Tliiiiii.is I I ,ir(',i ,ives Miiiuil.u tui ei .■; nl So,i|is, Kelineil T.illnw, 

Ciioiitul Setups, Ciiomiil Hniic, (ilue Substitute, etc. I'.iekeis ol 'I'lipe, Pl^;s' l"'cct 
iinil l.aiulis' 'rougucs Ne.itsloot Dil Opp. Slalloul Mills, Oil l'le;is;int Sliccl. 

.\mnm,; llie laii;rsi |iinihieers n| sn.ips n| v.iiimis kimls in \e\\ l''ii;',l.mil r. llir ll.iiniaves 
M. mill. ii lui ill]', ('ninp.iiM 111 I, ill Ki\ii, e'.l.ilili.lii'il in i.Si;,ii .mil imw iii.m.iiMil \\\ Messi'.s, 

Uelilun .mil I limn. n. I I .in'ra\'es. 
llie W nl ks, silii.ilril nppnslle I lie 
.S|,illnitl mills, nil Tie. Is. ml siieel, 
oeeiipy lilleeii I w n sini \ Irame 
IniililiiiL^s aveiaein;; ;( i \ pi leel 
ill iliniensiniis, ami aie lilleil up 
w il 11 I lie ImsI nlil.mi.iMe lll.ii Inn- 

eiy ami ajiplianees, inelmlim; 
soap presses and enislieis nl lar^e 
eapaeilv, Imne-^i inilri., Inin ini 
llieiise steam lank-., lliire \.is| 
-n.ip kellles, line eiinl ninlls l.illnw 
.mil i^rease Ivellle, niie I'.liie Link, 
mill |in\ tanks, iwn siaiiipiiii; 
Mi.ielimes, eli., .i pnw ei'llll steam 
J eni^ine .mil Iwn so llnise pnw er 
linileis l>eiMj4 ill.so piii\iileil. 11 nee 
sillglf nnd une diuiMe leains are empln\eil in llie deliver\' .iml sliippiii.' dep.irlmeiil . llie emu 
piuiy ure ulso e\lensi\e de.ileis ml.illnw, niiliii.nv .iinl sle.iin lelmeil illie l.illei Im mill pin 
poses'), greilse, neatsloot ami p.ilni ml-., j,;llie slilisliliile Im e.ilien piinleis, liesli and pickled 
tripe, pi^'s' I'eel, lambs' loniMies. eie,, inlal annual sales n| all eninmndiiies .neiai'.in^ .fjuo.ooii 
per amnim, 'I'lie ^Mniiml bmie lertili/er lli.nle lieie Is el.imud In be eipi.il In (lie iim^l eelebiated 
eoimneieial I'eilili/eis mi ilie ni.iikel Ini s;enei,il use .iml iiiiieli elie.ipei lli.m ninsl olllels. This 
prenaralinii nl •Mnnml bniie is emplnved .Mill imlnis, d li\ ni.iin n| ilic nmsi pioj;ressive larmers 
m lliis and adjoiiimi; .Stales, llie llaij,;iaves .Manubieiiiniii; Cmnpanv issue a beauliriillv illus- 
trated almaiiae, tilled willi inlerestiiii; and iiistruelive readiii)^, espeeiallv valiKible to tlie inlelli- 
jfonl, progressive l.iimei. 

ClIAKl.MS KIUMV \ CO . 

Livery, ll.iek ,uid Hn.iutiu^; Sl.ible No. i.) Koek Street. 
These stables by all mlds ilie l.ii e.e.i , linest and iimsi peileeib appointed in I'all Ki\ei, 
were orii;inally established in l.*^57 more than ihiilv iliiee \e.iis ,i;;n li\ ilie l.iie rii.iiles S. 
Kirby, to whom t'harles Kirby \ t'o, evenliially sueeeeded. llie binldiiii; is .i massive Mone 
stnieture ol two stories, 50 x 200 leel, withenlranee at No. i.| Koek street. Hero is kepi .1 
superb Uvery sioek, eoinprisin^ lilty-live horses and niiietv vehieles ol' all kimls suiteil in ihe 
business, and parties in want ot'elei^ant earriaj^es lor ealliiie or pleasure diivine in eitv m i nun 
tr\', haeks lor eanyiiij; passengers to and Irom the depots, weddines, balls, iiinerals, eie,, 
heaises, bui;^ies. saddle horses or any <il the eonveiiienees ol ,1 liisl class liveiv s|,ible e,in be 
aeeommodated here on reasonable terms, Kspeeial ilieiuioii is eiveii to boanliiii' hoises lor 
private owners, and those ol transient patrons are eaielulK looked allei. I'weKt' assistants — 
hostlers, drivers, ete. — are employed iieie, A le.iim.- m ilie niiipm is .1 iii.ieniiieent $t,Soo 
licarse ami team ol' splendid eoal bl.uk hoises. 



1 



INLAND MASSACHUSK/rrS H-I-USIK A I I D. I 77 

KILBURN, LINCOLN & CO., 

Machinists Manufacturers (<f C(Uton I-oouis anil Slialtinjf Canal, Corner Annawan 

Street. 

'I III- DJil ;inil wi<rlil-ri-iii)Wiii-il (inn of KiJIiiirn, l,iii( ulii iV ( d. was csliildiHlieil in 1X44. Iih 
(•(jiilrilnitioiis in llic w;iy o( iin|)rovcil machinery In llic ilcvr|i)|iniciil <>( the eollon niiiniiliii lur- 
iti}; and other ituiiiHtrics in now iruittcr of liiHiory. In iH(>H ihe firtii hccamc iiKtorporsitcd, and 
a new era of iiHcfiilncHs juid |>ros|)('rily wan inaii^iiriihrd. 'Ilie |ire!<enl offirert* are; frewident, 
Anilrew Liisconili; rlrrk and treasurer, l,eonlitie Lincoln; directors, Andrew I/UHCoinl), 'has, 
II. I'rin^, I.eonliiH' l,iiieohi and rlmrlis I'. Drinj^, There are no sfoi kholdirs 
outside these families. The works of the iorn|)aiiy, siliialed jil ("anal and Amiawan 
HlrcctH, arc very extensive, the hiiildin^jH of granite, HuliHlantial and commodioiiH, and 
comprising the machine shopH, two slories in lnri^;ht, 5ox2fJO feel; the foundry, onr 
Ktory, Sox r^S feel, arfd three two story warelioiises and pattern shopK, each jrjxtfK) feel. |i 
WDidd III' irn|)ossil)le (o di-siril>e, in the limits to which we are confinivl, the machinery and l;i 
cililiis 1)1 this plant, hut liir whole m.'iy In- summed up in a few words — it com|)rises everything; 
needed in all departments, and irvery appliance is of the newest and most perfect imjiroved pat 
tern. The same ride ajiplies (o the workiiifj force, which numlJers 2fX; skilled mai liinist-., jcit 
tern-makers and molders. 

The company's leadin^j specialties embrace the construction of improved cotlon and silk- 
weavin(4 machinery, shafting, han^jers, piiMeys and water wheels, in all o( whicli they excel, 
doiM(.; ,-ui immense husitiess, Tlurir new hit^li-speed loom is a mechanical wonder, as experi- 
enced cotton maimfa<;liirers will attest when informed that at the .Seacrjiinet mills, this city, hist 
year, 926 of these looms marie 14,229,219 yards of cloth in 30J dayn of ten hoiirn — an average of 
I 14.10 yards per loom per day, 

CONGDON, CAIU'KNTKH ^ CO, 

Wholesale DcalcrH in Iron, Steel, Tin I'late i and Metal,, Heavy Hardware, Hlack- 
smithtt' Supplies, Carriai;:; Woodwork and TrimmingH Nob, 50 and 52 !'•-■ .1 . .1 t 
Street Herbert Field, Manager, 

The yreal house of Conf^don, f '.irpenter K' Co., of Providence, K. I., of which the al/ove- 
najned concern is a hrancli, was estahlished in 1S74 and is noted throii(;lioiit jS'ew Kngland for 
the extent of its hiisiness atul the fairness and lihirralily that char;icleri/.fs its transactions. The 
Kail River cstahlishment occu|)ieK the three-story hrick hnihling Not*, 50 and 52 I'ocaHHct Htreet, 
forty feet front hy sixty feet deep, and is iind<-r the immediate persr^nal tnanagenienl of .Mr. 
Ilerhert I'iild, a courteoii-t, enterprisinj^ and successful hii-,iness man, selected hy his principals 
because of his special 'jualifications to re|)r<-seiit llieni hi-re, I'ive clerks and assistants are em- 
ployed, and onlers receive instant attention, whether lar^e or stnall. An itnm<;nsc and carefully 
assorted stock is shown in all deparlmcntH, cotnprising men^hant iron and xtcci in all desirable 
(jrades, tin plates anrl metals, heavy harrlware, blacksmiths' supplies, carriage worxlwork and 
trimt(iin(.js, and kindreil commodities in endless variety, Ivspecial attention is ({iven to the want* 
of the trade and favorable terms guaranteed. 

OSBOllN MiLLB. 



Weaver Onborn, I'rcsidctit ; Joseph Healy, Clerk and Treasurer Manufacturer! of 
Print Cloths, Lawns and Wide Goods Tower Street. 

The Osborn .Mills rank with the largest prorlucers of fine cottons in this country, I In 
company was incorpor.ited in 1S71, with weaver Osborn at its head and $fxj(),(X)f) (■.n]iiiii\ slock. 
The present board of directors annual tnc-rrting the last Tuesday in ApriL-is coniposed of the 
president, the clerk ami treasurer Cbotli named abovi;, John <'. ,Milne, Kdward K, Hathaway, 
lienjamin Hall, James .M, Osborn and Lrank .S, .Stevetis, The mill buildings, aIIu- 
ated on Tower Htreet, are very cxtcrmive and comprise two distinct plants. Mill No, i i» a' 
massive and ornate granite [die, comprising the mill itself, of six stories, 74x;}i8 feet, connected 
with which is the pif:ker-house, four stories, 40x90 feet, and ofie-story boiler-house, t^l%fl^ feet. 
Mill ,\o, 2 is of brick, six Morics, 75x240 feet, with three-story picki-r-house, 42x75 fiil, and 
two-story cloth-house, 41x69 feet. Together the mills contain 70,200 sj^indles ami l,S4H lor>ms, 
driven by three improved steam engines, aggregating l,7rxj horstr-power, and give employment 
trj Hcxj hands whose weekly wages averagf; .^5,800, The annual cf>nsinnplion of cotlon is H(X)r> 
bales, of starf:h Hj,(xx> pounds, of oil j^,(j(Xj galhms, of coal 0,y(j(j tons, and the average output 
i'),S(>'>,'XT> yards of high grade print cloths, lawnn and wide goods, the sale of which is con- 
fincfl principally to the 1,'niterl States, 



17^ INLAND MASSACHL'SEITS ILLUSTRATED. 

N. tJ. LYON, 

Manufacturer of Lyons" Extracts. Essences of all Kinds. Blacking. Blueing and Inks 
— Sole Proprietor of Davis' Inflammatory Extirpator — Agent for Mrs. Sabin's 
Cough Syrup and Mrs. Dinsmore's Cough and Croup Balsam — No. 115 Bay 
Street. 

More than thirty-five years ago — in 1S55 — Mr. X. I'. Lyon entered into the manufacture, on a 
small scale, of pure essences and extracts, gradually extending his held of experiment and re- 
search and adding to the list of his products as means and opportunity permitted. He is now 
one of the most famous New England chemists in his particular line, and his flavoring extracts, 
essences, blacking, blueing and inks are celebrated all over the east. He is, in addition, sole 
proprietor of that world-renown ?d rem-dy for nervous and muscular inflammation. Davis' Inflani- 
mator)- Extirpator — an instant and unfailing relief and cure for headache, earache, toothache, 
sprains, burns, etc. — and general agent for Mrs. Sabin's Cough S\Tup. and Mrs. Dinsmore's 
Cough and Croup Balsam — home medicaments familiar to and appreciated all over the I'nited 
States. 

Mr. Lyon's laboratory — his own property — is a substantial two-story t'rame building 30x48 
feet, fitted up with appropriate machinery- and apparatus. He employs a siiflricieni number of 
assistants and one team, and does a flourishing and beneficient business. 



BORDEN & REMINGTON. 



"Wholesale Drug and Chemical Manufacturers : Painters' and Masons' Supplies, 
Corn. VVheat and Potato Starch, Akron Drain and Sewer Pipe. Lubricatmg Oils, 
etc. — Corner Pond and Annawan Streets. 

This firm, successors to R. K. Remington, is composed of Messrs. Charles F. Borden and 
Edward B. Remington. They have commodious premises — a two-stor^• frame building. 45x150 
1<iet — at the intersection of Pond and Annawan streets, where is shown an immense stock of the 
commodities named in our caption, which are delivered to local consumers or shipped to buyers at 
other points at lowest quotations and on favorable terms. Their leading specialties are drugs, chem- 
icals and lubricating oils, but they give prompt attention to orders for manufacturers', painters' 
tind masons' supplies, .\kron drain and sewer pipe, and the best grades of starch of the difter- 
ent varieties, being sole Bristol county agents for the National Starch Manufacturing Company 
of Covington. Ky.. whose principal office is in Xew York, representing all leading American 
starch manufacturers. 



WYOMING MILLS. 



C. C. Rounseville. President; "W. "W. Rowland, Treasurer— Manufacturers of Cot- 
ton Twines, Carpet "Warps, Rope and Wickings — Chase Street. Near Bay. 

The Wyoming mill was erected by the late Augustus Chase in 1S42. and has long been 
known as one of the principal Xew England representatives of the cordage and carpet warp 
industry. The present company was organized and incorporated last year (iSoo"), with 
$60,000 capital stock, purchased, remodeled and refitted the premises, and is already doing an 
immense business. The mill building, a substantial three-story granite structure 60x270 feet, 
tronts Chase street, near Bay, and with adjoining outbuildings and appurtenances constitutes a 
ver)- valuable property. The equipment, mostly new, is complete and of the most improved 
kind, and is driven by a 240-horse-power steam engine. The employe nimiber 130, and the 
output is extremely large, comprising even,- description of cotton twines and rope, carpet warp 
iind lamp wickings, which are supplied to the trade all over the United States and exported to 
Europe, Central and South .\merica and other countries. The leading specialty is cotton twine 
ot all kinds, and in these the product of the Wyoming mills is unexcelled. The board of direc- 
tors is composed of such well-known and reputable gentlemen as C. C. Rounse\ille, president, 
Joseph Slack, A. }. Chase, Isaac W. Howland. and W. W. Howland, treasurer. 



NARRAGANSET STABLE. 



W. H. Stone — Liverv and Boardinsr Stable — West Bank Street 



& 



This stable was built in 1S73, and Mr. Stone has made it one owFall River's popular institu- 
tions. The structure, comfortable and substantial, is of brick, two stories in height, 60x120 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. I 79 

feet, well drained and venlilalod, provided witli all requisite moilern sanitary arrani^onients and 
conveniences, dr)-, neat and clean. The regular livery outfit comprises forty horses and the 
same number of vehicles of all classes — fine carriages, hacks, buggies, etc. In addition to the 
liverv horses, however, there are generally about forty boarders, the property of residents. 
Everv convenience is provided for the proper feeding of physicians" teams and tlieir prompt de- 
liverv when wanted, the stables, fitted up with telephone, being open all night. Calls fiom 
hotels and depots are met with equal celerity, and a specialty is made of supplying elegant car- 
riages, buggies and teams I'or pleasure driving, weddings, balls, funerals, etc. Rates are reason- 
able. 



TAUNTON. 



THE present city of Taunton marks the site of the hrst white settlement 
within the existing hmits of Bristol county. It is not known who were the 
hardy pioneers who planted here their frontier homes and dared the perils of the 
wilderness and of Indian hatred. The date is fixed as 1639 — nineteen years 
after the landing at Plymouth — but the advance guard of civilization that spread 
its tents here was not composed of Plymouth men. We have neither space nor 
inclination to enter upon a detailed account of early events hereabout : suffice 
it to say that the region, previously called Cohannet, had the name Taunton con- 
ferred upon it by the General Court, March 3, 1640. No formal act of incor- 
poration of the town was ever passed. The bounds of the territory were fixed 
by the celebrated Miles Standish and John Brown, June 19, 1O40, but it was sub- 
sequently much enlarged by additions, most of which were lost by cessions to 
new towns, so that when the city was incorporated on the first Monday of Jan- 
uary, 1S65, the territory was (and is) both attenuated and awkward in shape, 
over ten miles in extreme length and varying from two to nine miles in width, 
principally level, fertile, and watered by numerous ponds and streams of greater 
or less importance. Geographically, Taunton is situated in the northeasterly 
part of Bristol county, and is bounded by Norton on the northwest, b}' Easton on 
the northeast, by Raynham, Middleborough and Lakeville on the east, by Berk- 
ley and Dighton on the south, and by Rehoboth on the west. The Mill, Taun- 
ton and Three-mile rivers are the principal water courses. The Taunton rises 
in Plymouth county and meets the tides at East Taunton, to which lighters 
ascend and from which they return with freights. Weir village, however, is the 
port of Taunton, to which light-draught freighters, colliers and similar craft 
ascend, and where a considerable shipping trade is done. The river empties 
into Mount Hope bay. seventeen miles below, and is famous for its herring fish- 
eries. Taunton was lormerly the sole county seat of Bristol county, but that 
honor is now shared by Fall River and New Bedford. Population, 1S65 — the 
year of incorporation — 16,205 : 1S90, 25.3S9. The city is provided with Holly 
water-works, well equipped and efiicient fire and police departments, level, well- 
kept streets, handsome public buildings, schools, etc., and is in many respects 
the equal of larger and more pretentious places in the comforts and conveniences 
of life. 

The model high-school building, of which we present a view, was completed 
in 1SS5, and is situated on Washington street, the lot, 279 feet in length, 
extending to North Pleasant and Grove streets. The basement walls are of blue- 
stone, the superstructure of brick with brownstone triiumings. The edifice has 
an extreme length of 1701-2 feet, the central section three stories, 77 feet front 
and 62 feet wide, while the wings are each of two and a-half stories, 46^ feet 
front by 88 feet wide, projecting thirteen feet beyond the central section in front 



iSo 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



and rear. There are three front entrances to the second story, and under the 
stairways leadmg thereto are the entrances to the basement, which, extending 
under the entire building, is paved with brick, and contains, besides the coal 
storage, heating apparatus, chemical laboratory, janitor's room, etc., two spa- 
cious recreation rooms — one in each wing — thoroughly ventilated, clean 
and dry. The sewage, drainage and ventilation are perfect throughout. On the 
main floor are two large school-rooms, each 4454 x 60 feet and 16 feet high ; four 
recitation rooms — two adjoining each large room, each 25 x 2S feet and thirteen 
feet high ; an apparatus room, 18x21 feet — with an adjoining dark room for 
chemicals: two hat and cloak rooms, each 17 x 19 feet (each divided into two 




HIGH SCHOOL. TAUNTON. 



apartments) : two teachers' rooms, each 10 x 17 feet, with adjoining closets and 
toilet rooms; an entrance hall, 12 x 77 feet, extending lengthwise through the 
central section of the building, with adjacent vestibules. Two spacious flights of 
stairs — one from the vestibule at each end of the main entrance hall, lead to the 
upper story. Under each of these is a stairway leading to the basement. The 
upper story of the central section contains an assembly room 38 x 77 feet in 
floor space ( exclusive of the very large stage ) , and 1 7 feet in height ; also several 
adjacent small rooms. The attic rooms in the wings correspond in floor space to 
the rooms below them. They are intended mainly for the use of the evening 
drawing school. The windows are sufticient in size and number to admit an 
abundance of well-distributed light. Those for the school-rooms (including the 
recitation-rooms) extend from 4 feet above the floors to. the ceilings. The light 
is admitted from the left and rear of the pupils, when they are sitting at their 
desks. The building is warmed by means of steam upon the latest improved 
principle. 

Of churches there are many ; the hotels and places of amusement are 
sufficient in number and of ample capacity ; a most valuable public library is 
maintained ; the Old Colony Historical Society has its headquarters here, and 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



l<Sl 



•every facility is afforded for the intellectual and moral development and enter- 
tainment of young and old, as well as for the aid of the poor by the Associated 
Charities. The business center and residence districts are substantially and 
handsomely built, and the suburbs are embellished by many palatial homes. 
Street car lines traverse the city in all directions, and the transportation question 
in the city is solved so far as those interested are concerned, while two lines of 
railroad furnish connection with " the rest of the world." 

The industries of Taunton are extensive and diversified, and embrace the 
manufacture of machinery of various kinds ; silver and britanniaware ; fire brick, 
tiles, cement, etc. ; cotton fabrics and yarns ; stoves, ranges and furnaces ; elec- 
trical supplies and apparatus ; lumber, windows, doors, inside finish, and minor 
articles in great variety. The building of locomotive engines was at one time a 
leading interest, but has declined of late years, the construction of printing 
presses taking its place. 

BEED & BARTON, 

Henry G. Reed, President ; George Brabrook, Treasurer ; F. L. Fish, Clerk — Man- 
ufacturers of Sterling Silver and Electro Plate — No. 48 Britannia Street, Taunton 
Mass. — Salesrooms, No. 37 Union Square, New York. 

This concern has a histor.y of which we are sure a brief resume will interest all and instruct 
not a few of our readers. In 1S24 Isaac Babbitt l)egan making britannia ware by hand and 
with the crudest appliances in a small shop near the present City square, soon afterward forming 
a copartnership with a practical mechanic named William W. Grossman. The two leased a 
room and power on Spring street, and ere the close of the year named succeeded in prcducing 
the hrst finished britannia ware ever made on this side of the Atlantic. The original rolls used 
by the pioneer firm in making plates, teapots, etc., are still exhibited to visitors at Reed & Bar- 
ton's office, and as compared with the superb machinery now employed for similar purposes are 
about as efi'ective as the stage coach of those days alongside a vestibule train of palace sleepers. 
The devices served their purpose, however, and in 1827 the enterprising partners were enabled 
to build for themselves a new brick factory. The next year Messrs. William Allen West and 
Zephaniah A. Leonard became associated witli Mr. Grossman under the stvle of Grossman, 




West & Leonard, Mr. Bal)l)itt remaining with the new firm in the capacity of metallurgist. 
About the same time Henry G. Reed and Gharles E; Barton entered the works as ajiprentices. 
The firm prospered, and 'soon had all tliey could do to supply the demand for tea and coffee 
pots, urns and britannia table ware. In 1830, with a view of increasing facilities and obtaining 
more economical power, the firm erected a much larger brick factory on the west bank of Mill 
river, in what is now known as Britanniaville, and organized the Taunton Britannia Manufactur- 
ing Gompany : and after a few years the company closed up the business and paid all their 
•debts, leaving their equipment in the hands of Reed & Barton, who in the meantime 



lS2 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTR.\TED. 

had become expert workmen. They were also industrious and capable, and at once formed 
a copartnership and went to work, with small capital and in a modest way, to recover the 
ground lost by their former employers, which, thanks to indomitable energ)- and first-class busi- 
ness capacity, they were enabled to do. At'ter two years Mr. Gusta\nis Leonard became 
associated with them, under the style of Leonard, Reed ^; Barton, and after a time the firm 
was enabled to purchase the buildings and plant. In 1S40 they were awarded a gold medal 
for the best exhibit of britannia ware at the American Institute fair. New York. Mr. Leonard 
died in 1845. when the style was changed to Reed & Barton, and Henry H. Fish was admitted. 
In 1S59 George Brabrook, an old and faithful employe, was made a member of the firm, which 
continued without turther change until the death of Mr. Barton in 1867, when the surviving 
members purchased his interest, retaining the old name and style. Mr. Fish died in 1S82, and 
was succeeded by his sons, George H. and Frank L. In 1888, for convenience and the 
segregation of the various interests, an act of incorporation was procured under the style 
of Reed & Barton; capital stock. $600,000. 

F"rom time to time new buildings have been erected, the mechanical appliances multiplied, 
facilities in all departments increased, greater numbers of operatives employed, and the produc- 
tive capacity augmented in every way, until now these works are unquestionably among the 
largest in the United States and turn out great quantities of fine sterling silver and electro-plate, 
while design and quality are unsurpassed by any rival in America or Europe. The goods are 
handled by all leading dealers in the world. It is unnecessary to describe the works, which are 
shown in our engraving. They cover about eight acres of land. 



UNION" STOVE LINING COMPANY. 



G. A. LincoLn, Treasurer — Manufacturers of Fire Brick Linings for Stoves, Ranges, 
Furnaces, etc. — Corner Fifth and \A^est Water Streets, Weir Village. 

Messrs. G. A. Lincoln, E. N. .Goft and Nathan W. Welch established this company in 1882. 
The premises, situated at the corner of Fifth and West Water streets, Weir Village, comprise a 
great one-and-three-story trame structure, 60x240 feet, with L"s respectively 28x60, 30x34 
and 30x30 feet, connected with which is a 25xSo-loot clay storage house — all wood; a fire- 
proof-moulding-room 22x40 ("eet, barns, sheds, etc.. with ample yards attached. The appliances 
are complete, from eighteen to twenty-five hands are employed, and the output of stove, range 
and furnace linings varies from 300 to 400 sets daily. These goods, which are of the best qual- 
ity and sold at lowest living prices, are delivered free on board cars or vessels at Taunton for 
shipment, mostly to Boston and New England cities and to Philadelphia, the central west and 
the Pacific slope, though orders are filled at any time tor foundrymen, repairers and jobbers. 
About 1000 tons of fire clay is consumed annually. Large stocks are carried, and catalogues 
and price lists furnished on application. 



f 



ELIZABETH POOLE MILLS. 



William C. Levering, President; Albert E. Swasey, Treasurer — Manufacturers of 

Cotton Flannels — Adams Street. 

The Elizabeth Poole Mills (^ named in honor of the English lady who is credited with hav- 
ing patronized and assisted the early settlers of Taunton) were incorporated in 1877; capital 
stock, $75,000. The plant, situated on the bank ot' Mill river at the foot of Adams street, com- 
prises buildings of brick, one and two stories in height, with spacious appurtenances, the 
whole covering about two acres of land. The equipment is first-class and includes 8,896 
spindles, 240100ms and a duplex Harris-Corliss steam engine of 250 horse-power. The num- 
ber of operatives is about 175, and the output of high-grade cotton flannels varies from 8,000 to 
12,000 yards daily. These goods are sold readily, and distributed all over the United States 
and the hot countries south of us through the usual channels— Xew York and Boston jobbers. 



NEW ENGLAND STOVE COMPANY. 



L. B. West, Treasurer; W. H. Lindsey, Manager — Manufacturers of Stoves, Ranges 

and Hollow Ware — Wales Street. 

In 1S45 Deacon Lemuel Leonard erected a small foundry below and near the present Whit- 
tenton mills site on Mill river, where he embarked in the casting of stoves and small hollow 
ware. After a few years he admitted to a copartnership his son, Lemuel M., and the works 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



i8- 



vvere enlarged. The good deacon dietl in 1S5S, and the son succeeded to the sole proprietor- 
ship, remaining on Mill river and prospering until 1865, when he erected and occupied a large 
foundry on Wales street, where he continued to transact a flourishing business up to the time of 
his death in 1876. The Leonard Co-operative Foundry Company was organized in 1877; 
capital, $25,000; John Eddy, president; Henry C. Leonard, treasurer. After one year L. B. 
West was made president and remained so until last February, when the New England Stove 
Companv was organized by Messrs. West and Lindsey, who took entire control as treasurer and 
manager respectively. Mr. West is well known to the commercial world as head of L. B. W^est 
& Co. and the West Silver Comj^any, and Mr. Lindsey is an experienced practical stove manu- 
facturer. The works on Wales street consist of the brick foundry buikling, 55 x 135 feet, with 
L 55 X 65 feet, and several frame storehouses, sheds, etc., the whole covering ground more 
than two acres in extent. The estal)lishment is well equipped throughout with all desirable 
appliances, including a hfty-horse-power steam engine, and gives employment to from thirty to 
fifty skilled molders, mounters, etc., the annual capacity being about $ico,oco worth of finished 
goods, embracing full lines of stoves, ranges, furnaces and hollow ware. Among the leading 
specialties mav be named the " Ruckfon! '" parlor stove and the " Montello"' range, which have 
no superiors. 

WEST SILVER COMPANY. 



Successors to F. B. Rogers Silver Co. — L. B. West, Treasurer — Manufacturers of 
Hollow Ware, Spoons, Forks, Knives, Ladles, Cutlery, etc. — Winthrop Street. 

The West Silver Company — unincorporated — is composed of Messrs. W. H. Phillips, presi- 
dent of the Taunton Crucible Company, treasurer of the Taunton Iron Works, and a director of 




the Taunton Street Railway Company; Lewis Williams, a director of the Dighton Furnace 
Company and of the Staples Coal Company; L. B. West, of L. B. West & Co., hardware mer- 
chants, treasurer; Lemuel C. Porter, designer and foreman of the works, and E. W\ Porter, 
superintendent. This company in 1887 bought the plant of the world-famous F. B. Rogers 
Silver Company, and assumed the management, with the result that the business has grown and 
continues to grow rapidly, annual sales exceeding $100,000 in value, while territorially the field 
of operations covers the entire L'mted States, Canada, Mexico, the West Indies and South and 
Central America. Constantly bringing out new designs of artistic merit, and manufacturing only 
the best ot silver-plated table-ware — tea and coflee sets, spoons, knives, forks, cutlery, etc., 
together with silver-plated, nickel, silver flat ware in extra, double and triple-plated grades — 
which is sold at reasonable prices, the outlook for indefinite extension of the business seems 
very bright. The premises on Winthrop street, in the form of a hollow square, are four stories 
in height and seventy feet long on each front, fitted up with steam power, and divided into 
foundry, electro-plating, stamping, finishing and engraving departments, each complete in itself 
and distinct from the others. In all seventy hands are employed, and the output is very large. 
Mr. L. B. West was treasurer and E. W. Porter superintendent of the F. B. Rogers .Silver 
Company, incorporated, of which J. F. Montgomery was president. 



j8_^ INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

BRISTOL COUNTY SAVINGS BANK. 



Joseph E. Wilbar. President; William H. Fox. Vice President; Alfred C. Place, 
Treasurer and Clerk of Corporation — No. 35 Broadway. 
The Bristol County Sa%-ings Bank was incorporated March 2, 1846; Silas Sheperd was presi- 
dent from May 9, 1846, to January', 1882, since which time Mr. Joseph E. Wilbar has officiated 
in that capacity; George B. Atwood was the first treasurer, Charles H. Atwood second treas- 
urer, and Alfred C. Place succeeded to that position in Januarj-, 1881, acting also as clerk of 
the corporation. Messrs. Alfred B. Sproat and Chester E. Walker are respectively first and 
second clerks, William H. Fox vice-president. The board of trustees is composed of leading 
businessmen, as follows: Ezra Davol, Charles Foster, Wm. H. Fox, Everett D. Godfrey, 
Timothv Gordon, R. Henry Hall, Thomas J. Lothrop, Francis L. Morse, Charles H. Paull, 
Silas D. Presbrey, E. Maltby Reed, Zacheus Sherman, Joseph E. Wilbar and Philander Wil- 
liams. Board of investment — Ezra Davol, Wm. H. Fox, Silas D. Presbrey, Zacheus Sherman 
and Joseph E. Wilbar. From its inception the Bristol County Sa\-ings Bank has held a leading 
place among the fiduciary trusts of Massachusetts, and has rendered immeasurable service to all 
classes of the community while enjoying exceptional prosperity as a corporation. The appended 
statement, copied from the books March 29, 1891, shows the present condition of the institution: 



LIABILITIES. 
Deposits ?3.68o,oii.54 



ASSETS. 
Public funds $Si5,ooo(x> 



Interest 92,18649 Loans on public funds i. 000 00 



Profit and loss 10587 

Guaranty fund 135,00000 



Bank stock 370.50000 

Loans on bank stock i ,300 00 

Railroad bonds 48500000 

Real-estate for banking purposes 25 000 00 

Loans on real-estate i.ojS 435 00 

Loans on personal securit>' 917 200 00 

Loans to cities, towns, etc 146,000 00 

Loans on bank books 4.53000 

Deposits in banks on interest 38.880 98 

Current expenses 324577 

Cash on hand 1,212 15 



Total $3 907I303-90 Total $3.90730390 

The bank occupies one-half of the fine two-stor}' brick building No. 35 Broadway, which 
stands back from the street, the other half containing the Taunton free public library. The 
bank has recently rebuilt its vault and put in a new safe, and the security ofi'ered for its funds is 
second to none in the countrv. 



DIGHTON ROCK PANTS COMPANY. 



P. H. Corr, H. A. Cushman, Proprietors; McElroy & Cushman, General Agents — 
Manufacturers of Clothing- — Winthrop Street. 

A celebrated leature of the Taunton river is the so-called Dighton rock in the town of 
Dighton, a large gneiss boulder that projects above water at low tide and exhibits upon its face 
a series of rude hieroglyphics, which may have been the work of the Norsemen who \-isited the 
North American coast in the eleventh centur\-, though it was more probably executed by some 
idle nati%-e savage. It was in commemoration of this rock that the Dighton Rock Pants Com- 
pany, established in August, 1890, was named by the proprietors. Messrs. P. H. Corr and H. 
A. Cushman — the latter of McElroy ^ Cushman, the well-known Mainstreet clothing merchants, 
who are general agents of the company. The pants company's factor)- is situated in the West 
Silver Manufacturing Company's building on Winthrop street, occuppng the upper floors, where 
are employed from thirty to thirty-five designers, cutters and operatives, the latter provided with 
improved sewing machines in abundance. Here the company is kept busy on orders from all 
parts of the countr\% and some export, for clothing in great quantities and of every description, 
their specialties embracing full lines of men's custom pants at prices from $3.50 to $6.50, suits, 
overcoats, ulsters, reefers, club, band and military uniforms, boating, yachting and tennis suits, 
etc., of superior material, excellent fit and first-class workmanship, all of which, by reason of 
their peculiar facilities, they are enabled to furnish at prices about twenty-five per cent, lower 
than are ordinarily paid. >Ir. P. H. Corr, the senior partner, is- a well-known citizen, promi- 
nent in many manufacturing and commercial enterprises. 



1 
1 



M'ELROY & CUSHMAN, 



Hatters, Custom Tailors and Clothiers — Mason's Block, Main Street. 

The firm of McElroy & Cushman was established in 1874. Occupying one of the handsomest 
and most commodious stores on Main street, fitted up with all modern attractions and improve- 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 1 85 

ments, plate glass front, electric lights, cash carrier system, etc., they have a courteous and 
competent corps of assistants. The stock of ready-made clothing and men's furnishings is care- 
fully selected and comprehensive, embracing the latest styles and choicest goods at low prices. 
Their hat salesmen will tlelight in exhibiting the very newest Paris, London and New York 
wrinkles in male head.-gear from the most celebrated manufacturers, while, a little further along, 
may be seen the largest, most varied and seductive line of fine imported woolens ever shown in 
Taunton. Orders for outer garments of any kind for men's wear will be executed with dispatch 
and in a style equal to that of the most noted fashionable tailor in Gotham or the Hub, and at 
lower prices. Mr. McElroy is a Vermonter, Mr. Cushman a native of New Bedford. The latter 
has resided here for many years, and served under the old flag in the civil war for four years. 



ELDRIDGE & CO., 



Manufacturers of Superior White Metal and Silver-Plated Coffin Plates, Hinges, 

Lining Tacks, etc. 

For many years the name of Eldridge has been familiar to all jobbers of undertaker's hard- 
ware, and the funeral directors have for a long time recognized the value of their goods. The 
business was established in 1848 by Eli Eldridge, on West Britannia street; later, his son Eli 
H., who was making a similar line in another place, united his business to his father's under 
the present name of Eldridge & Co. Upon the death of Eli Eklridge, in 1875, his grandson, 
John H., became a member of the firm, and in 1S90 another grandson, Albert S., was admitted 
to the company. There has been a constant increase of business from year to year, their goods 
going to all parts of the United States and Canada, and a few to South America. Eldrid<>-e & 
Co.'s works, situated on Eldridge street, were erected in 1882, and consist of a two-and-a-half- 
story frame building, thirty-two feet front and ninety feet deep, fitted up with a twenty-horse- 
power engine, a forty-horse-power boiler, large and superior power presses, rolling mill, electro- 
plating apparatus and other necessary machinery, and furnishes employment for twenty to thirty 
skilled workmen. The specialties made here are coffin and casket name plates, hinges, lin- 
ing tacks, etc. All the goods are made from superior metals, and finished in the best possi- ' 
ble manner. Their goods are unsurpassed for finish and style. They sell to the jobbing trade 
only, and all orders are shipped at short notice to the extent of stock on hand, or as soon as 
manufactured. Their goods are kept in stock by all the leading jobbers. 



J. C. SPROAT, 



Manufacturer of Boxes and Nail Casks — Dealer in Box Boards and Boxes in Shocks 
for Shipment — Mill and Yards at the Weir. 

James Sproat, a well-known lawyer and former town clerk of Taunton, established this indus- 
try in 1837, subsequently admitting to copartnership therein his son, James H. The elder Mr. 
Sproat died in 1S57, whereupon the son succeeded to and managed the business until his death 
last year, when the property and the direction of aftairs passed to his son, J. C, the present 
capable and enterprising proprietor, who, brought up in the office and shops, is intimately 
acquainted with all details, besides being an affable and popular gentleman personally. As an 
indication of his amiability and kindly disposition and the regard in which he is held by those 
who know him best, it may be stated here that he still has in his employ several men who, 
beginning with the grandfather, have worked uninterruptedly for three generations of Sproats, 
all liberal and considerate employers. The original mill was built at the Weir. Later another 
was started opposite the village green at the Center, but was burned in 1848, after which the 
Weir factory was enlarged and operations concentrated there. In September, 1883, a fire 
occurred which destroyed the entire plant, but it was reconstructed, completely refitted with 
new and improved machinery and appliances, and again started up within three months, the 
brick shops covering ground 70 x 100 feet in area, with- spacious yards and all necessary appur- 
tenances. The equipment includes a steam engine, three box-board and three box-fitting saws, 
heading machine, planer, etc.; twenty-six men form a full complement of employes, and the 
output is very large, thougTi the mills are seldom run to their utmost capacity, transactions last 
year aggregating 50,000 finished boxes and kegs for the local trade and over 1,000,000 feet of 
box-boards in shooks for shipment by water direct from the wharf to New York. If necessary, 
production could easily be increased 100 per cent., and Mr. Sproat anticipates running to his 
full capacity ere long, as the demand steadily increases. 

13 



i86 



INLAND MASSACHUSE'rrS ILLUSTRATED, 

PHCENIX MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



1 



Arthur Pickering, President; H. D. Atwood, Treasurer; H. C. Atwood, Secretary — 
Manufacturers of Pure Ceylon Plumbago Crucibles — West Water Street. 

Previous to 1844 no crucibles were made in the L'nited States. That year Messrs. Charles R. 
Atwood and Charles R. Vickery of Taunton undertook the manufacture of these indispensal;)le 
adjuncts to metallurgy and the mechanical arts, and succeeded so well that in 1S51 the Legis- 
lature incorporated the Phivnix Manufacturing Company; C. R. \'ickery, president; C. R. 




I 



Atwood, agent; 11. D. Atwood, secretary; J. 1'. Crane, clerk. Prior to that time, however, in 
1846, the silver medal of the Franklin Institute of Pennsylvania had been awarded the company 
- — a distinction again conferred in 1852, the Maryland Institute awarding a silver medal the 
same year. The great bronze medal of the New ^'ork World's Exhibition of 1853 followed, and 
since then substantial and enduring tokens of recognition have rewarded the company whenever 
and wherever it has entered into competition with its rivals or would-be rivals. It is true that 
its trade has been confined principally to New England, the Atlantic and Middle States, but 
that was because of the greater demand east of the Mississippi and the unprofitableness of the 
far western market; notwithstanding which, the Phcvnix crucibles have been tested and unquali- 
fiedly indorsed by many prominent western smelters. The works, which employ twenty-five 
men and a 100-horse-power steam engine, are situated on West Water street, and occupy, with 
their appurtenances, tenements for help, etc., about three acres of lantl. The machinery equip- 
ment, peculiar and of special design, is comjirehensive and costly, and so effective that, with the 
aid of so small a working force — twenty-five — the company is enabled to put upon the market 
about 2,000,000 perfect crucibles, valued at $75,000, per annum. President Pickering is a 
resident of Boston and piominent in political circles. Treasurer II. D. Atwood and Secretary H. 
C. Atwood live in Taunton and manage the business. The central western agents are: M. M. 
Buck <!v: Co., St. Louis; C. D. Colson, Chicago; Post & Co., Cincinnati. 



H. L. CUSHMAN & CO., 



Manufacturers of Papier-Mache Shoe and Tufting Buttons — No. 24 Court Street. 

Among the smaller manufactured articles in every-day use by all classes of people, none are 
of greater or more abiding iniptntance than are buttons — buttons for under and outer garments, 
buttons for shoes, buttons tor gloves, buttons for decoration and ornament — buttons for every con- 
ceivable purpose; buttons of silk, of wool, of cotton, of linen; buttons of gold, of silver, of 
nickel, of brass and of iron; buttons of pearl, of ivory, of bone, of horn; buttons of glass, ot 
stone, of wood; buttons of composition, and finally, buttons o( papier-mache — the latter among 
llie most durable and economical, and especially adapted to exposure and rough usage, as in the 
finishing of shoes, the upholstering of furniture, and for similar jnnposes. Among the most 
extensive manufacturers of papier-mache buttons in this country is the firm of H. L. Cushman & 
Co. — II. L. and David B. Cushman — established in 1882 and occupying one floor (7000 square 
feet) of the Anthony cS: Cushman Company's mill, entrance No. 24 Court street, conveniently 
divided into well-appointed office, storage wareroom, factory and japanning department. The 
machinery, driven l^y steam, is specially designed for the purpose and of the most jierfect char- 
acter, enabling the firm, with twentv-four button machines and thirty operatives, to jiroduce 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



187 



700 great gross — 84,000 gross — per day, in all sizes and styles, which are supplied to the trade 
all over this continent. Mr. David B. Cushman, who was agent of the Anthony & Cushman 
corporation, tack manufacturers, looks after the Ijuying and selling operations and general man- 
agement of the factory of H. L. Cushman & Co., while Horatio L. has charge of the financial 
department of the concern. 



STEANGE'S MACHINE WOEKS. 



Emerson C. Strange — Manufacturer of Cast Steel Cylinder Saws, Improved 
Hogshead, Barrel, Nail Keg, Tub and Pail Machinery and Improved Box Board 
Machines, Combination Foot Lathes, Patent Combination Vise and Drill, etc. — 
No. 36 Washington Street. 

.Strange's Machine Works of Taunton was one of the pioneers in this particular industry, hav- 
ing been engaged in it since 1827, when the works were established by Elias Strange, father of 




the present proprietor, who, in time, after some changes, succeeded to the business in 1885 
itnder the present title. The works, which occupy all of the three-story frame building, 60 x 80 
feet, at No. 36 Washington street, are equipped in the best manner with steam power and all 
requisite iron, steel and woodworking machinery and special tools, while a sufficient force of 
skilled mechanics is employed to fill all orders promptly, whether for delivery in the United 
States and Canada or for export to other countries. The specialties made here embrace the 
latest perfected improvements in cooperage machinery, together with boxboard machines, com- 
bination foot lathes, improved iron tackle blocks, ancl, latest and among the most ingenious and 
Tiseful of all, E. C. Strange's patent coml)ination vise and drill for the use of mechanics, 
amateurs, jewelers and others to whom a handy tool of the kind is of importance. It is made of 
the best materials and in four sizes and styles, ranging in weight from 27 inches to 22 pounds, 
and in price from $1 to $7. Attachments extra. Complete catalogues are sent on application. 



HAEEUB STABLE. 



John A. MacDonald, Manager — Broadway. 

George Ilarrub estaljlished this stable twenty-five or thirty years ago, and managed it suc- 
cessfully until Mr. John A. MacDonald took charge in 1882. Under thelatter's administration 
the enterprise has continued to maintain its place as the largest, Ijest appointed and most popu- 
lar concern of the kind in Taunton. The stable, situated on Broadway and approached through 
the arch, is of stone, 60x130 feet in area, and has fifty stalls, office with telephone, harness and 
robe rooms, waiting-room, etc., under the same roof, and adjoining are two commodious car- 
riage houses. A large stock of fine horses and carriages are kept for hire, and the Ijest attention is 
given to animals kept at board. Any kind of team and vehicle is furnished at short notice at 
reasonable rates, and a specialty is made of supplying hacks for tunerals, weddings, parades, 
excursions and the transfer of passengers. 



1 88 



INL.A.ND MASSACHUSETl'S ILLUSTRATED. 



S. A. WILDE MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 

S. A. Wilde, Randall Dean — Manufacturers of Superior Heavy Polished Tin Ware — 

Wholesale Dealers in Kitchen Furnishing Goods, Patent Siphon Oil Cans and 

" Patent Tea Kettle Steamers " — No. 24 Court Street. 

The S. A. Wilde Manufacturing Company is a comparatively new enterprise, liaving been 

established in October, iSSo, but is already a pronounced and expanding success, transactions 

from July i, 1890, to January i, 

1891, aggregating over $37,000 

— say at the rate of $75,000 per 

annum, whicii is ample evidence 

that Messrs. Wilde and Dean 

not onlv know how to do it, 

but do it. The tactory occupies 

the (Md American Screw Com- 
pany's mill just oft' Coiu't street 

— one great floor, 7000 square 

leet in area — and i> fitteil up 

with the latest and most ap- 

pioved new machinery adapteil 

to tluir purjioses, including rolling, stamping, cutting, drawings 

wiring and jiolishing ilevices driven by steam, retinning vats, and, 

in a word, every conceivable I'acility, implement and appliance that 
will contribute to tlie excellence and rapidity of the work done by the twerity-five skilled 
mechanics employed. The output includes every description of superior heavy polished tin ware, 
and the goods' are extremely popular with New England and western buyers and consumers, one 
of their new specialties — the improvetl cream pail — receiving the instant indorsement of every 
farmer and dairyman who has examined it. The tirm are also wholesale dealers in kitchen 
furnishing goods, patent siphon oil cans, the '• patent lea kettle steamers," etc., ami agents tor 
the Eustis Manutacturing Company of New \"ork, whose " Puritan " cookers and house furnish- 
ing specialties are favorably known everywhere. Messrs. WiKle and Dean are wide-awake, 
energetic young men, and have taken the right course to reach the to]-) round o\ business fame- 





WHITTENTON MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



Wm. C. Lovering, President ; Charles Lovering, Treasurer ; Henry M. Lovering, 
Agent — Manufacturers of Ginghams, Dress Goods, Fancy Shirtings, Cottonades 
and Stripes — Whittenton. 

The village of Whittenton, situated on Mill river in the town of Taunton, owes its origin, 
indusiriallv, to James Leonard, wiio began the manufacture of bar iron in 1656 ami in 1670 
erectetl a forge on the west bank of Mill river. Thes.> works remained in the Leonard family 
until 1S05, when Crocker, Hush & Richmond established a nail factory above the bridge, to 
which in 1807 they added another story and began spinning cotton yarn, which was woven into 
cloth bv neighboring farmers' families. Tiie combined yarn and nail mill was ilestroyed by fire 
in 181 1, but rebuilt, three stories and an attic in height, JOX70 feet, and the spinning o( yarn 
resumed, ."^ome years later about forty Slater looms were added to the e(|uipment, and it is 
saiil that this was the first American mill to make gooil cloth by water power. In 1824 the 
Whittenton mills were incorporated with the Taunton Manutacturing Company, and in 1831-32 
a new stone mill was built, the property remaining under the control of tlie Taunton Manufac- 
turing Company mitil 1835, when the Whittenton Manufacturing Company succeeded to the 
ownership. In 1835 Mr. Willard Lovering took charge as agent, and, after devising and devel- 
oping sunilry im|irovements in the maiuifacture of cotton cloth, became joint iM-opriel<ir. In 
1838 Mr. Lovering and his sons purchased the Whittenton Company's franchise outright, and 
in 1875 Mr. Lovering, senior, retired, when the concern was reorganized on a basis of $600, oca 
capital stock; William C. Lovering, president; Charles Lovering, treasurer; Henry M. Lover-- 
ing, agent. 

As it now stands the jilant comprises about twentv-five two, three and t"our-st<>r\' brick and 
stone buildings (twelve acres of ftoorage), .surrounded liy fifteen acres of yards and eighty acres 
of streets and tenements. A railroad station on the land atVords all necessary conveniences tor 
travelers to and from Taunton city and other point>. Tiiat the passenger traffic is a consider- 
able item will be understood when it is stated that the 1200 mill hands anil their tamilies reside 
upon the premises. The mill is fitted up in the very best manner, the equipment consisting in 
part of 42,000 spindles and 1,455 hioms, driven by two turbines and seven Corliss engines, the 
latter supplying 1500 horse-power. The output of high-grade ginghams, ilress goods, fancy 
shirtings, cottonaties and stripes averages nearly 60,000 yards daily, and is distributeil through- 
out the United States and other American countries. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 1 89 

CHAS. HEWITT & CO., 

~ ~ ice, 



Manufacturers of Fine Calf and Buff Shoes — No. 34 Court Street — Boston Offi 

No. 120 Summer Street. 



This firm is composed of Messrs. Charles Hewitt and Alltert B. Witlierell, the first-iiniiied 
formerly of Leach & Hewitt, shoe manufacturers at Raynham, from which concern he retired 
in 1885 and formed the present copartnership with Mr. Witherell, an experienced practical 
cutter, familiar with all details of factory management. Their estalilishment, fitted up and 
started in Fel)ruary, 1885, is an extensive one, the principal liuildin;^ lieing of brick, two stories, 
40x135 feet, in addition to which they (xxupy the two upi)er floors, each 40x45 feet, of the adjoin- 
ing three-story structure fronting on Court street. Here, provided with a C(jm])rehensive plant 
of modern improved machinery, steam power and all facilities, and employing about sixty hands, 
the house produces about 100 cases (twenty-four pairs to the case) weekly, of cheap and medium 
l)uff and calf l)als, l)Utton and congress gaiters, Oxfords, etc., for men's, )()Uths' and boys' wear. 
These goods are sold principally in the New England and Middle States t(j jobbers through the 
Boston office. No. 120 Sunnner street. 



SWEET & TUCKER, 



Steam, Gas and Water Fitters, Repairers and Jobbers — Dealers in Steam Pipe and 
Fitters' Supplies — No. 26 Cohannet Street. 

This firm, established A])ril i, 1S91, is composed of Messrs. I. H. .Sweet, a native of Taun- 
ton, a machinist, engineer and brass finisher of long experience and great skill, formerly con- 
nected with several of the most reputable houses here, and (i. W. Tucker, who learned his 
trade with the old concern of H. R. Barker «& Co. of Lowell, and remained in their employ for 
a long time. He has been a resident of Taunton during the j^ast five years, and was with L. 
\V. Cooper for awhile. 

Sweet & Tucker's sho])s and salesroom are situated in the Iwo-slcjry brick ])uilding No. 26 
Cohannet street, which they have fitted up in a convenient manner with re(|uisite machinery and 
tools, and where they employ a competent force of expert workmen in their specialty of steam, 
gas and water piping and fitting, rejiairing and jol)l)ing, giving prompt and careful attention to 
all calls for their services, either in the city or any part of this and adjoining States. They 
guarantee satisfaction in all cases. Those who contemplate budding f)r introducing gas, steam, 
hot or cold water and steam heating are advised to communicate with Messrs. Sweet & Tucker, 
who also carry large stocks of goods in their line for the convenience of the trade. 



TAUNTON COPPER MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



George M. Woodward, President; H. F. Bassett, Treasurer — Refiners of Copper — 
Manufacturers of Yellow Metal Sheathing, Sheet Copper and Brass and Copper 
— West Water Street, Near Third. 

The above-nameil company, incorporated in 1831, long stood at the head of the American 
copper manufacturing industry, and still transacts a very large business, which, now that there 
is a prospect of the revival of American shi])l)uilding, it is ho])ed will again ex]3and to something 
like its former proportions. The works, situated on West Water street, near Third, cover one 
and a-half acres and comprise a completely equijiped copper refinery, copper rolling-mill, yel- 
low metal mixing department, yellow metal rolling-mill, and appropriate worksho])s fitted up 
with elaborate and costly machinery, the latter driven Ijy steam engines aggregating 900-horse- 
power. There are now employed in all capacities about the premises one hundred and twenty 
workmen, so that it will be seen that the jilant is by no means idle. The leading s])ecialties in- 
clude the refining of im]nire cf)pper brought direct I'rom the mines; the rolling and finishing of 
sheet co])per for smiths' use in all sizes and thicknesses and for all purpcjses; the mixing and 
rolling of yellow metal into sheathing for the bottoms of marine craft, and the making of cut 
copper nails of every description. 

I'resident Woodward is a prominent citizen, identified with banking interests. Treasurer 
Bassett is a practical machinist, mechanical engineer and business man, a graduate of the shops 
and office of the Taunton Locomotive Works. After three years" ]iractical ex]ierience as super- 
intendent of the Taunton water-works, he embarked in the foundry and machine sho]) business 
in Wisconsin, but sold out to accept his present position. He is also a director of the Locomo- 
motive Works corporation and an enterprising, energetic and successful young man. 



190 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



TAUNTON NICKEL PLATING COMPANY. 



J. M. Evans, Proprietor — Water Street. 

The decorative arts have crept quietly and unobtrusively into the homes of the people, and 
to such an all-pervading extent that the commonest every-day household implements are more or 
less tinged with the beautiful, either in form, color or ornamentation. The very stove, the range, 
poker and tongs have imparted to them an additional luster by the action ofthe electric fluid upon 
metallic salts brought in contact through the medium of water with the parts it is desired to so enrich, 
and the brightness of the kitchen and the fireside is greatly enhanced thereby, nickel being the 
t'avorite metal for that purpose, and for obvious reasons. In 1880 Mr. J. M. Evans, then a 
prosperous grocer, concluded that one of Taunton's pressing industrial wants was a first-class 
nickel-plating concern, and at once set about supplying it. The success he has met with may be 
measured by the extent of last year's business, which aggregated nearly $20,000. His establish- 
ment on West Water street, Weir village, is a one-and-a-halt"-story frame building, 35x125 feet, 
thoroughly equipped in all respects with battery, vats and all appliances, and furnishes employ- 
ment to twenty-five workmen under the supervision of an expert. His patronage is mostly of a 
local character, the great stove, range, and hardware manufacturers being his best customers, 
and most of his work being confined to the plating of stove and range trimmings, but he is pre- 
pared to execute orders for every description of nickel-plating at reasonable prices. Mr. Evans 
has served in the Legislature and in both branches of the city government, is a Freemason, a vet- 
eran of the civil war, and a member of the G. A. R., besides being a popular citizen. He owns 
400 feet of river front and wharf, and transacts a good business in the loading and unloading of 
coal, iron and clay vessels. 

• NEW PROCESS TWIST DRILL COMPANY. 



B. L. Dwinnell, President; Peter H. Corr, Treasurer — Manufacturers of Hot-Forged 
Straight Lip Increase Twist and Bit-Stock Drills — No. 34 Court Street. 

The success that has attended the New Process Twist Drill Company is a signal proof, if one 
were needed, that the best is not only the cheapest, but will inevitably win its way, under 
ordinarily fair conditions, into general confidence. Only five years ago — in 1886 — this company 
was incorporated, capital stock $15,600, and already controls a great and fast-increasing trade 
all over this continent and Europe, actual trial having demonstrated the immeasurable superior- 




ity of its goods over those of all rival manufacturers. Neither time, experiment, laborer expense 
have been spared to attain pert'ection, and results are all that the most sanguine could have 
hoped for. These drills, besides possessing all the best qualities of others, incorporate many 
advantages hitherto unknown. By the new process the drill, made of the best imported steel, 
is hot- forged, not milled; the mild center — a characteristic of all bar steel — is thoroughly incor- 




porated with the mass by the forging process, wherein- the point and cutting lip are made much 
tougher and firmer than by any of the older processes. " The proof o' the puddin' is the eatin' 
o' 't," and the evidence ofthe New Process Twist Drill Company's improved method is found 
in the fact that every year since operations commenced has witnessed an increase ol facilities to 
meet augmented demand for a grade of drills that no 01 her house can supply. The shops now 
occupied at No. 34 Court street are two in number, frame, 40 x 60 and 40 x 100 feet respectively, 
fitted up with steam power and appropriate machinery, such as power hammers, lathes, planers, 
forges, rolling and grinding machines, milling machines for small drills, etc., and giving 
employment to about fifty expert tool-makers. Here are made complete lines of twist drills for 
every conceivable purpose, jewelers' sets, steel sockets for taper shank drills, steel sleeves, and 
black walnut cases for drills, jewelers' chucks and sockets. Sales for last year exceeded 
$60,000. The officers of the company are well-known citizens. President Dwinnell is Taun- 
ton's leading homoeopathic physician, and Treasurer Corr is an extensive dealer in cotton, cot- 
ton waste and paper stock. Owing to the steady increase of the business, the company intend 
to double the productive capacity at the end of next year. < 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



I9T 



PRESBREY STOVE LINING COMPANY, 



Manufacturers of Fire Brick and Stove Linings— Dealers in Fire Clay, Fire Cement, 
Kaolin, Fire Sand, etc. — No. 212 Somerset Avenue. 

The Presbrey Stove Lining Company, incorporated in 1866, capital $28,000, was organized 
to succeed William aild Albert I're'sbrey, who had been for forty years engaged in the same in- 
dustry, occupying two small sheds on the opposite side of the street from the present works. 
These latter are the largest of the kind in the United States, embracing three and three-fourths 
acres of land, skirted on the east side for 600 feet by the Old Colony railroad, thus fa- 
cilitating the delivery of materials ;.nd fuel and the shipment ' of products. About two acres 
are covered with connecting frame buildings as follows: Stove lining shop, 36x172 feet; mix- 




ing room, 35x100 feet; molding shop, 30x90 feet; unburnt stove lining storage room, 40x86 
feet — each two stories in height; two three-story packing houses, respectively 32x100 and 30X 
60 feet; two drying-rooms, respectively 30x100 and 15x90 feet, fitted up with stoves, etc.; ce- 
ment sheds, 25x50 feet, and stable, 25x90 feet. The office, tastefully fitted up, is of two stories, 
20x40 feet. The equipment consists in part of an outfit of mixing machinery, a 50-horse-power 
steam engine, and three two-story kilns in which are combined all late practical improvements. 
The storage house for molds is especially worthy of mention, being fire-proof, 36 1-2 x 60 feet, 
with capacity for more than 20,000 molds. About seventy-five men and boys are employed, 
anil the output, enormous in volume and value, comprising every description of fire brick and 
stove linings, fire clay, fire cement, kaolin, fire sand, etc., is distributed all over the United 
States and exported to other countries. Any shape or size of fire l)rick is made promptly to 
order from pattern, and all goods are supplied at lowest ruling prices. 

Mr. Harry T. Root, a representative Providence stove and range man, is president of this 
company. Mr. B. C. Pierce, a practical and experienced fire-clay worker, is treasurer and 
superintendent. Mr. James T. Maher, the wealthy plumber and real estate dealer; William 
Miller, and U. A. Treiethen, the well-known brass founder, are memliers of the board of direc- 
tors. 



REED, BARTON & COMPANY. 



William Reed, President; E. S. Barton, Agent; Waldo Reed, Treasurer — 
Manufacturers of Silver-Plated Ware — Court Street. 

The old firm of Reed & Barton of Britanniaville enjoyed a world-wide fame for the excellence 
of its wares and the extent of its trade. In 1S86 a copartnership was arranged between "Messrs. 



192 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

Waldo Reed and E. S. Barton (the latter a son of Mr. Chas. E. Barton, deceased, of Reed & 
Barton), and they began the manufacture of silver-plated ware in Taunton. Having demon- 
strated the feasibility of continuing the industry upon a different scale, the brothers-in-law — for 
such they are — determined to organize a stock company, which they did in 1889, with $50,000 
capital, Mr. Reed's father, \Vm. Reed, Esq., accepting the presidency, while Mr. Barton's 
mother became a principal stockholder. The factory, occupying three floors (9,000 square feet) 
of the American Screw Company's old works on Court street and several adjoining buildings, is 
divided into foundry, moulding, rolling, stamping, cutting, engraving and electro-plating 
departments, each complete in itself, and all combined making a perfectly appointed establish- 
ment of fine productive capacity, employing the best skill in abundance and turning out artistic 
and meritorious goods in great quantities and much variety, though a leading specialty is made 
of high-grade silver-plated hollow-ware in novel and original styles. The goods are sold direct 
to the jobbing and retail trade, east, west, north and south, to whom catalogues and price-lists 
are furnished on application. 

FRENCH & WINSLOW, 



Manufacturers of Fire Brick and Stove Linings; Dealers in Fire Clay, Fire Cement, 

Fire Sand and Kaolin — Weir Village. 

Messrs. Seth C. French and Albert H. Winslow formed their present copartnership twenty- 
one years ago, and have been quite successful, their transactions averaging about $15,000 a 
year. They have access to an abundance of the best materials; their works are conveniently 
located on the line of the Old Colony railroad, and their buildings are well appointed and com- 
modious, being four in number, each one and a-half stories in height and 30x250, 35x65, 30X 
48 and 30x40 feet in area respectively. The mixing and molding appliances are of the best, 
as are the kilijs, which are also of large capacity. The working force numbers sixteen, and the 
output of fire brick and stove linings is shipped to manufacturers and repairers of stoves, fur- 
naces, etc., in New York and Boston, while their fire clay, fire cement, fire sand and kaolin 
are distributed to the trade generally. Orders filled at short notice. 



WILLIA.MS STOVE LINING COMPANY". 

J. G. & J. S. Williams — Manufacturers of Stove Linings and Fire Bricks — Dealers in 
Fire Clay, Fire Sand, Fire Cement, etc. — Weir Village. 

The works of the above-named company, located at Weir \'illage, on the banks of the 
Taunton river, were founded in 1846 by the late ]. R. \\ illiams, lather of the present proprie- 
tors, but have repeatedly been enlarged and improved during the forty-five years of their exist- 
ence until now they are quite extensive, comprising five two-story frame buildings, viz: Mold- 
ing and drying departments, 40x150 feet; mixing department, 35x75 feet; clay shed, 100x60 
feet; packing department, 40x80 feet, and kiln department, 40x75 feet; also 22,500 square feet 
of floor surface for manufactured stock. The machinery outfit is complete, and a large num- 
ber of skilled operatives are employed in the manufacture of stove linings and fire bricks. The 
reputation which this company's goods have gained has created a constantly increasing demand 
from all parts of the United States and Canada. 

The elder Mr. Williams died last year, whereupon the property reverted to his sons, both 
lirought up to the business from boyhood, a calling, in fact, with which the Williams family has 
been identified for generations. ^Ir. J. S. Williams, one'of the most capable fire clay manipu- 
lators living, is superintendent of the establishment. 



TAUNTON STOVE LINING COMPANY. 



A. W. and W. N. Parker — Manufacturers of Fire Brick and Stove Linings — 
Corner Somerset Ave. and Highland Street. 

Messrs. A. ^^'. and W. N. Parker are natives of Maine, whence they removed to Taunton 
more than thirty-five years ago. Here they learned the practical part of their trade, and by un- 
tiring industry and economy succeeded in establishing themselves as manufacturers in 1864, 
adopting the style which they have since retained — Taunton Stove Lining Company. Their 
extensive and well-appointed works at Highland street and Somerset avenue comprise several 
commodious frame buildings, the molding-house being one and a-half stories in height, 30x100 
feet, and the packing-house two stories, 35x200 feet. Connected are two large kilns, and the 
best improved appliances are provided in all departments, the twenty-two employes turning out 
$40,000 worth of fire brick and stove linings annually, most of which are sold to the trade in 
New England and New York .State. Orders are filled at short notice and satisfactorily. Mr. 
A. W. Parker is treasurer. Address, Taunton. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



193 



CITY HOTEL. 



Floyd Travis, Proprietor; G. S. Harrington, Clerk — Corner Broadway and City 

Square, Opposite the Green. 

The City Hotel was erected many years ago, has always been conducted on liberal lines, 
3ind is in some respects the best as' well as among the most favoraljly known and most largely 
patronized hostelries in the interior of Massachusetts. The present proprietor, Mr. Floyd 
Travis, who assumed control January i, 1886, had a large previous hotel experience in New 

York, and liy close attention to the 
. ___ ^ H,,,^ _ wants and comfort of the traveling pub- 

lic and regular guests has made the 
house more popular than ever before, 
his legion of old friends and acquaint- 
ances making it a point not only to stop 
with him themselves when here but to 
commend him and his house to others 
coming this way, so that probably in 
all its history the City Hotel has never 
prospered as it has under his adminis- 
tration or catered to so many desirable 
guests. 

The engraving printed here shows 
the main facade, ornamented with lofty 
tower, piazzas, etc. The structure is of 
brick, three and a-half stories in height, 
125 feet front, 260 feet deep, and 
stands at the corner of Broadway and 
City Square, facing the latter and im- 
mediately opposite the famous "Green." Within, the house more than carries out the promise 
of the exterior, having on the ground floor a spacious and handsome office, with telephone and 
telegraph office attached, large and well-lighted reading-room, commodious and well-appointed 
sample room for the use of commercial tourists, public and private parlors, billiard-room, bar 
-and barlier-shop. On the second floor are the capacious, airy and splendidly equipped dining- 
room, ladies' parlor, etc., while on that and the upper floors are 102 daintily furnished, sweet, 
clean and inviting sleeping apartments, arranged singly and en sr/i/r to accommodate solitary 
inmates or families as required. Throughout the house is fitted up with steam heat, hot and 
cold water, baths, gas and electric lights, and, in a word, all modern improvements. Of the 
table and service it is sufficient to say that they are unsurpassed by those of any hotel between 
Boston and New York, and equaled by few even in those metropolitan cities. Rates are rea- 
sonable, and nothing is left undone to please the most fastidious and exacting. 
^-^' Mr. Travis is also proprietor of the popular Menauhant Hotel, Menauhant, Cape Cod, one 
of the most delightful of seaside resorts, to which the attention of seekers for refreshing ocean 
breezes, salt baths and luxurious living is directed. 




TAUNTON STONE AND EARTHEN WARE POTTERY. 



F. T. Wright & Son — Manufacturers of Stone and Earthern Ware,- 

Court. 



-No. 26 Presbrey 



These works were founded a long time ago by the late F. T. AYright, whose son Solon be- 
came associated with him in business about 1867. In 1872 the old plant was destroyed by fire, 
and the present commodious modern pottery erected on the same site. The senior Mr. \\'right 
•died in 1882. 

The workshops are all frame and three stories in height, the main building 45x100 feet, 
with three spacious L's, for the accommodation of the workmen, ten in number. All improved 
facilities, including a ten-horse-power steam engine, are provided, a thirty-horse-power boiler 
supplying steam for heating purposes. Adjoining are three capacious kilns — two tor the burn- 
ing of stoneware and one for earthenware. .All the clay consumed is brought from New Jersey 
along the coast and up the Taunton river by means of sailing craft, and the product, which is 
large and of superior quality, is sold direct from the factory to the trade and consumers, princi- 
pally in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island ancl Connecticut. There are but four 
potteries in Massachusetts. 

Mr. \Yright is a well-known and popular citizen, takes some interest in political matters, liut 
has never heki or sought office. 



194 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



A. G. WILLIAMS & CO. 



Dealers in All Kinds of Lumber, Doors, Sash, Blinds, Etc.— Yards, Ingell St., near 
Weir Junction; Factory, No. 62 Weir Street. 

This house was founded many years ago by Abiatha and A. K. Williams, who were suc- 
ceeded by George B. Williams, and he, after fifteen years, in 1887 transferred the management 
to his sons A. G., George B., 




business, principally with local builders. 

vorably known to the entire community 

homestead and has been in the tamily for seventy-five years 



jr., C. K., and A. B. Williams. 
The plant comprises a very large 
two-story brick saw and plan- 
ing-mill at No. 62 Weir street, 
provided with all necessary ma- 
chinery, and a lumber-yard two 
acres in extent on Ingell street, 
\\ eir Junction, where are stored 
great quantities of carefully 
selected northern, western and 
Canadian pine and other varie- 
ties ot lumber for all purposes, 
including liberal supplies of 
dimension timber, shingles, lath, 
etc. The mill is the same erect- 
ed by F. L. Newcomb, pur- 
chased several years ago, and is 
utilized in the manufacture of 
doors, sash, blinds, frames, 
mouldings, dressed stuff for in- 
terior and exterior finish, and 
general wood-work to order. 
Twenty men are employed in all, 
and the firm transacts a large 
The members were all born in Taunton and are fa- 
Their lumber-yard is a portion of the old Williams 



i 



BRISTOL COUNTY NATIONAL BANK. 



S. L. Cushman, President; H. H. Townsend, Cashier — City Square. 

This influential and powerful fiduciary trust dates its inception from 1S32, when the Bristol 
County Bank was incorporated as a representative of the State banking system, and a worthy 
example it proved of what that system was capable of developing. After an honorable career 
of thirty-three years the Bristol County was reorganized in 1865 and chartered under the 
National banking act; capital stock, half a million dollars. How well it has served the busi- 
ness public under old and new auspices is attested by the confidence it has always enjoyed. 
President S. L. Cushman, promoted several years ago from the cashier's desk, has been con- 
nected with this institution for about twenty-two years. Among the directors we find the well- 
known names of S. N. Staples and Joseph E. Wilbar, Oliver Ames and Philander ^^'illiams. 
The appended statement to the Comptroller of the Currency shows the condition of the Bristol 
County National at the close of business December 19, 1890: 

LIABILITIES. 



RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts $826,204 go 

U. S. Bonds to secure circulation 105,00000 

Stocks, securities, claims, etc 114.021 58 

Due from approved reserve ag-ents 64,115 62 

Bantcing- house, furniture and fixtures.. 10.00000 

Current expenses and taxes paid 1,280 00 

Checl<s and other cash items £85 49 

Bills of other banks 27,174 00 

Fractional paper currency, nickels and 

cents 

Specie 

Legal tender notes 

Redemption fund with U.S. treasurer (5 

per cent, of circulation) 



1,089 68 
3 1 ,000 00 
12,000 00 



4,725 00 



Total ?i,igS,3)6 25 



Capital stock paid in $500,000 00 

Surplus fund 200, coo 00 

Undi\ided profits 24,019 62 

National Bank notes outstanding; 94,500 00 

Di\idends unpaid S15 00 

Individual deposits subject to check.... 329,921 85 

Demand certificafes of deposit, 5.637 17 

Due to other National Banks 43,50061 



Total $1,198,396 25 



INLAND MASSACHUSETrS ILLUSTRATED. 1 95 

SANDERS & BUFFINGTON, 



Wholesale and Retail Lumber, Doors, Sashes, Blinds, Builder's Hardware, etc. — 
W^holesale Yard, Weir Junction ; Retail Yard and Office, No. 68 Weir Street. 

Messrs. Sanders iS: Biiffington -are the most extensive of Taunton's dealers in lumber, build- 
er's finish and hardware, and conduct a very large and steadily increasing business. Their 
wholesale yards at the Weir Junction cover a good deal of ground and are always heavily 
stocked with choice Maine, western and southern pine, spruce, hemlock, whitewood, birch, 
etc., in the rough. Large orders are filled there and shipped to any point in this and adjoining 
States, the yards being connected by a spur with the main railway lines. Their office is at No. 
68 Weir street, adjoining the retail yard and sheds, where are shown a great variety of dressed 
lumber, matched flooring, clapboards, lath, shingles, doors, sashes, blinds, frames, and inside 
finish. The building at this point is one and a-half stories in height, quite commodious, and 
aftbrds storage for immense stocks. Buyers will find here a fine assortment from which to make 
selections, and prices just right. 

Mr. Sanders, born at Knyniiam, has lived in Taunton since early infancy. Mr. Kuffington 
is a native of Somerset, and has resided here for twenty-five years. Both are well and favorably 
known in business circles. 



TAUNTON lEON WOBKS. 



Manufacturers of and Dealers in Ranges, Stoves, Furnaces, Hollowware, etc. — Works 
at Weir Village; Showrooms, Nos. 104 and 106 Pearl Street, Boston. 

The Taunton Iron Works Company was organized and incorporated in the year 1854 by Enoch 
King of Raynham and Wm. L. Hathaway of North Dighton as a corporation. In 1889 Captain 
William H. Phillips bought the property, and, retaining the former corporate character, resumed 
operations on a large scale as the Taunton Iron Works, having retained the services of the former 
experienced and competent manager, Mr. Wm. H. Swanton, a practical stove manufacturer and 
energetic business man. The plant, covering about ten acres of land at Weir Village, comprises 
eleven frame buildings, consisting of the well-erjuipped foundry, machine shop and polishing de- 
partment, mounting department, four store-houses, two sand houses and stables. Some idea ot the 
ciuantity and value of the output may be drawn from the number ofmolders, mounters, finishers, 
packers, clerks, teamsters, etc., employed — one hundred in all. The specialties embrace a great 
variety of superior heating and cooking stoves, ranges (among the latter the favorite " New Tarift " 
and " Quaker '' ), turnaces in several styles, and hollowware of every description. TJie showrooms, 
commotlious and inviting, are situated at Nos. 104 and 106 Pearl street, Boston. Captain 
Phillips first saw the light in Pawtucket, R. I., but was reared in Taunton, where he is well 
known and highly respected. He took to the sea at the age of fourteen, commanded a vessel 
belonging to his father when but eighteen, and continued in the coasting trade until his business 
interests ashore required his undivided attention; he settled in Taunton, engaging in the coal 
business in 1854. In 1857 he formed a copartnership with S. N. Staples, under the style of 
Staples & Phillips, which recently closed up its accounts and retired. Captain Phillips has tor 
many years been prominent in every movement, political, social and religious, that commended 
itself to his judgment as calculated to advance the material and moral interests of Taunton. He 
was a prime mover in procuring the city charter, and a member of the first council thereunder. 
An enthusiastic Repuljlican since the formation of the party, he has also distinguished himselt 
among those who contend tor the absolute prohibition of the liquor traffic, and in that cause his 
name is a tower of strength here, all over the Commonwealth, and throughout the Union. He 
is also an earnest and consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has con- 
tributed largely of his means for its extension. 



OSCAR G. THOMAS, 



Manufacturer of Stoves, Ranges, Plows, Stable Fixtures, Cast Iron Thresholds, 
Funnel Irons, etc. — Castings to Order — Nos. 99 to 107 W. Water St., W^eir Village. 

This is the c:>ldest of Taunton's existing iron t'oundries, estalilished away back in the last 
century by Crocker & Richmond. Alter several changes of ownership it passed into the hands 
of the widely-known Samson Perkins, who died in 1873, when the property reverted by 
inheritance to Mr. Oscar C. Thomas, a son of Mr. Perkins' only surviving daughter. Mr. 
Thomas is ably assisted in the management Ijy his father-in-law, Mr. Joseph Wright, an experi- 



196 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



enced iron-master, long connected with the now defunct Union Furnace Company. The 
works, situated in Weir Village, front 300 feet on West Water street and comprise a number 
of substantial and commodious two and three-story brick and frame buildings, completely 
fitted up for foundry and machine shop purposes, with steam power and all requisite appliances, 
and giving employment to a large number of hands, as may be supposed from the volume of 
products, aggregating an annual value of $80,000 or more. The products are varied, the 
leading specialties comprising a line of stoves of which the universally known "Premium," 
"Grand" and "Herald Grand" ranges and parlor stoves are types, while a general assortment 
■of light iron castings are made, including plows of many kinds, stable fixtures, thresholds, 




funnel irons, etc. Castings of all kinds are made to order. Mr. Thomas" market is tor the 
most part in New England, but he ships largely to Chicago and other western points. 

In this age of culture and scientific research, what wonder that some of it should be 
developed in the manufacture of stoves and ranges? The "Heuald," a strictly new and first- 
class range in every particular, embodies in its construction all the valuable and modern 
improvements of the times, with many not found in any other — a double-top, large and 
capacious oven, so heated and ventilated that all the gases and odors generated in cooking pass 
off into the flues, thereby guaranteeing a pure, sweet oven, preventing shrinkage in weight of 
food cooked. Durable and attractive in appearance. The dealer who has the good fortune to 
secure the sale of this range has a right to consider himself on the road to honorable success 
in his line of business. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

D. ARTHUR BURT & CO., 



197 



Taunton Monumental ^A^orks — Manufacturers of Memorial, Cemetery, Marble, 
Freestone, Granite and other Stonecutter Work — No. 84 Weir Street. 

From time immemorial it has lleeii the desire of surviving relatives, friends and admirers of 
the dead to perpetuate m imperishal)le stone their names, virtues and deeds, and it is doubtless 
to this impulse, immediate or remote, that the world is indebted for its greatest and most 
enduring examples of monumental art, with which is closely allied architecture and collateral 
pursuits. For obvious reasons Ne'v England is the principal center of monument construction 
on this continent, and among its most notable representatives in south-eastern Massachusetts is 
the firm of D. Arthur Burt & Co., of 
Taunton, with workshops and ware- 
rooms, 42x105 feet, at No. S4 Weir 
street and 10,000 square feet of yard 
space adjoining. Here are shown many 
very fine examples of mortuary art in the 
form of monuments, tombs, headstones, 
etc., in imported and domestic granite 
and marble, and the facilities for design- 
ing and executing this class of work, 
together with ornamental carving and 
general sculpture, are unsurpassed, the 
firm controlling a very large and select 
patronage in this and adjacent States. 
This concern was founded by the late 
Samuel Warren in 1844. In May, 
1846, D. A. Kurt, senior, entered Mr. 
Warren's employ as an apprentice, and 
a year later went to Boston, where in 
the studio of Alpheus Gary (a celebrated 
monumentalist of the time) he studied 

for six years, mastering both the artistic _ 

and the practical branches of his profes- ""'^ '^'^ -=^-=»-^^5^^'-^''*-s=«^'^So-^^/-^ij-jif/' 

sion. He then returned to Taunton and established himself in business on a small scale 
opposite the court-house. His originality, artistic skill and enterprise soon attracted notice, 
however; he did an excellent and growing business, and in 1856 he bought out and succeeded 
Mr. Warren at the present location. In i860 the plant was considerably enlarged, and in 
1864 the buildings were burned to the ground liy a fire that originated next door. In 1865 the 
present warerooms and shops — said to be the finest in New England — were erected. Mr. R. 
L. King, an accomplished artist, was admitted to a copartnership about the same time. He 
died in 1877, and D. Arthur Burt succeeded to the sole proprietorship, his father accepting the 
superintendency and assisting by advice and otherwise in the further development of the busi- 
ness. In 1881 Mr. Edward W. Ellis of Fairhaven was admitted, and the firm of D. Arthur 
Burt & Co. was established. 

While devoting their best talents to designing and constructing the higher grades of public 
and private monuments, mortuary sculpture and ornamental carving in stone, the firm willingly 
accept commissions for every description of cemetery embellishment and improvement, which is 
executed in unexceptionable style and on reasonable terms. Orders by mail, telegraph or 
telephone receive prompt attention. 




CANOE RIVER MILLS. 



J. C. & A. R. Sharp, Proprietors — John P. Sharp, Jr., Treasurer and Agent — Manu- 
facturers of Cotton Yarns — Chandler Avenue. 

The Canoe River mills were established in 1875, and add not a little to the industrial 
importance of Taunton. The mill building, situated on Chandler avenue, is of brick, three 
stories in height, 75x242 feet, with brick boiler and engine-house adjoining, containing a fine 
600-horse-power Harris-Corliss engine and boilers of ample capacity for both power and heat- 
ing. The mill equipment is complete and of the latest improved style, consisting in part of 
21,000 spindles. Employing 150 operatives, the mill produces on an average 18,000 pounds 
weekly of superior cotton yarns in the various numbers required for weaving and knitting, etc. 
The firm also own and operate another mill of large capacity at North Scituate. They find 



198 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



ready sale for all the yarns they can prnduce, and ship to consumers all over New England and 
adjoining States. 

Messrs. John C. and A. R. Sharp are mucli respected citizens, and John C. Sharp, jr., 
who acts in the ca]iacity of treasurer and agent, is a bright and successful young business man. 



WEBSTER FILE WORKS. 



Charles Webster — Manufacturer of Hand-cut Files of all Kinds — Court Street. 

The file in some form is an indispensable necessity to tlie mechanic, most of whom are 
obliged to keep at hand an assortment that includes a great variety of sizes and grades of fine- 
ness. When we consider the vast numlier of men employed in the machine, blacksmith, wood- 
working and other shops in all the cities and 
'1 villages of New England, and then remem- 
ber that in the best files each ridge is made 
by a separate blow with hammer and chisel, 
it does not appear wonderful after all that 
the file market is never overstocked, for the 
demand is always ecjual to the supply of the 
lietter grades, and few care to buy any other 
— all consumers tacitly agreeing that in this 
article at least ''the best is the cheapest," 
saving time, labor and money. 

For many years one of the most famous 
of American file manufacturers was the late 
loseph Webster of Taunton. 'During a 
([uarter of a century he did a flourishing 
business, which at his death, in 188S, he 
turned over to his son Charles. The latter, 
brought up a practical file-maker, a liright, 
energetic young man, is following closely in 
the footsteps of his worthy progenitor, ex- 
cept that he is perha]~is more enterprising 
and more desirous of expansion. His works 
occupy one floor, 25x75 feet, of the Amer- 
ican Screw Company's old mill on Court street, are fitted up with steam power and all requisite 
conveniences, and give employment to fourteen skilled workmen. The premises are arranged 
as office and salesroom, packing room, forging and hardening shops, and are easily accessible. 
While the output is large, stock does not accumulate, there being ready sale for the entire 
product, which goes direct to consumers, principally in New England. Old files are recut 
equal to new. 




DIGHTON. 



THERE is no certainty that the alleged early Norse discoverers ever entered 
the Taunton river (notwithstanding the sculptured stone), nor that Veraz- 
zano, the Florentine, sent any exploring parties up from his quiet harbor at New- 
port in 1524 ; so it may be accepted as an historical fact that the first white men 
who ever gazed across its placid waters were those who, with Winslow and Hop- 
kins, made their way through the wilderness from Plymouth to visit the great 
chief Massasoit, on Narragansett bay, in the month of July, 1621. They fotnid 
the country adjacent to the river bearing evidences of having been thickly popu- 
lated by the Indians, who four years previously were almost extirpated by a 
mysterious plague — perhaps small-pox or yellow fever — that swept the coast 
from the mouth of the Penobscot to Narragansett three years before the landing 
of the Pilgrims. The territory now composing the town of Dighton, four miles 
square, was purchased of King Philip, in 1672, by Taunton parties, and added to 
that town under the name of the South Purchase or precinct. Three sqtiare 
miles were afterward sold to Swansea. The first actual settlement occurred after 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 1 99 

King Philip's war. The act of incorporation was passed and ai)]jroved in 171 2. 
Dighton took an active and patriotic part in the revohitionary struggle, and sub- 
sequently became interested in shipbuilding, which industry was disastrously 
affected by the war of 1S12, in which many Dighton soldiers and sailors served 
with credit. Shipbuilding was resumed with the return of jieace. Two cotton 
mills were erected in North Dighton about the same time, and the town of 
Wellington was carved out of Dighton in 1S14. 

The first successful atteuipt at silk culture in Massachusetts was made at 
Dighton. The first cotton mill in the town was built on Three-mile river in 
1809, the second on the same stream in iSio. The manufacture of paper was 
begun in 1850 at North Dighton. The making of iron from bog ore, and the 
manufacture of gas pipe, stoves, tacks, white lead, stove linings, furniture, etc., 
were later industries, as were saw and grist-milling, fulling, color-grinding, and 
sash, door and blind-making. Population, 1S90, 18S9. The Old Colony rail- 
road, following the course of the Taunton river, skirts the town from south to 
north. 

DIGHTON STOVE LINING COMPANY. 



Cyrus Talbot, President; William Z. Whitmarsh, Treasurer; G. C. Francis, Agent — 
Manufacturers of Stove and Range Linings — Dighton, Mass. 

This company was established in 1876 by Messrs. G. C. P'rancis, George Horton, Stephen H. 
Pierce and John Hinds, but reorganized and incorporated with the officers above named and 
$25,000 capital stock in 1882. The site of the works, directly opposite the celebrated I^ighton 
rock and immediately upon the hank of the Taunton river, with fifteen feet of water at the 
wharf and but a few miles from Mount Hope Bay, is in all respects a most desirable one and 
lias for generations been utilized for manufacturing purposes. Access is easy by both rail and 
river, the supplies of New Jersey and Long Island fire clay being delivered by sailing vessels. 
The Jersey clay is pronounced the best in the world, and the Dighton Stove Lining Company 
consumes immense quantities of it. The company's plant comprises the factory proper, a three- 
story frame structure, 70 x 150 feet, several storehouses, sheds and office of wood, and a fire- 
proof brick pattern-house, covering in all about two acres. The machinery consists of a series 
of crushers and grinding wheels driven by a twenty-horse-power steam engine, the moulding, 
handling, drying, etc., being performed by hand. From fifteen to twenty-five skilled workmen 
are employed, and the output, which embraces every description of stove, range and turnace 
linings to the value of $20,000 per annum, is shipped to all parts of the Union, more especially 
to the stove manufacturing centres of the miildle and western States. 



LINCOLN & CO., 



Manufacturers of Rope and Linen Roll Papers, Colored Pattern, Plated Ware and 

Cop Tube Papers — North Dighton, Mass. 

This plant is situated upon one of the oldest and best manufacturing sites in the town of 
Dighton, adjacent to the river and luit a few miles from the city of Taunton, a branch of the Old 
Colony railroad connecting North Dighton with Taunton and Boston to the northeast and Fall 
River and Newport to the southwest. Here, in 1806, were erected the Dighton Manufacturing 
Company's cotton mills, the same company subsequently adding to its works a foundry and 
machine shop for the construction of cotton-spinning and cotton-weaving machinery. These 
shops were in 1843 leased to T. S. Dunlap, who converted them into a woolen mill, occupied it 
for a few years, and then removed, when Messrs. C. M. & L. Lincoln leased and fitted up the 
premises as a paper mill. C. M. Lincoln died in 1856; the style was soon after changed to L. 
Lincoln, and later to L. Lincoln & Co. In 1881 the mills were destroyed by fire and rebuilt, the 
present plant consisting of several brick and stone structures covering an acre and a-half of land 
on Three-Mile river, and vvell equipped with machinery driven by two turbine wheels and a 150- 
horse-power steam engine. From twenty-five to thirty hands are employed, and the output 
varies from tour to five tons daily of hardware and plated-ware, wrapping, rope and linen roll, 
pattern and cop tube papers of the best grades. The firm, consisting of Lorenzo Lincoln, his 
nephews, Edward L. and J. M. Lincoln, and J. Philbrick, ship directly from the mills, and 
transact a business of about $70,000 per annum. 



200 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



NORTH DIGHTON CO-OPEKATIVE STOVE COMPANY. 



Frank K. Chase, President; Charles H. Evans, Treasurer; Wm. B. Hathaway, Corp. 
Clerk and Agent — Manufacturers of Ranges and Parlor Stoves — North Dighton, 
Mass. 

The North Dighton Co-operative Stove Company is composed of practical workmen 
and business men, and was incorporated in 1886. The works, situated near 
the railroad station, cover about an acre, and comprise the foundry, 50 x 80, and finishing 
shop, two stories, 70 x 50 feet, a storehouse and office, two stories, 35 x 50 feet, and necessary 







E^-. 




outbuildings and appurtenances. The outfit of machinery and appliances, like the buildings, 
are almost new, a fine steam engine supplying the requisite power. About torty skilled 
workmen are employed, and the average output is 3,200 ranges and from 400 to 500 parlor 
stoves annually, which are distributed to the trade east, west, north and south. Catalogues, 
prices and terms are mailed to all applicants, and every facility afforded buyers. While making 
a general line of ranges and stoves, this company's specialties are of the highest order and 
embrace the renowned " Oak Grand " ranges in four sizes; the " Live Oak " in four sizes; the 
" White Oak" in four sizes; the "Oak Leaf" in four sizes, the " Prize Oak " parlor stove in 
two sizes (Nos. 12 and 14), and "Oak Leaf Air Tight" in three sizes, and they invite the 
attention of dealers to these goods particularly. 



1 



BRADFORD YARN MILL. 



R. T., E. and H. E. Grant, Proprietors — Manufacturers of Yarns — ^East Brookfield. 

The Bradtord mill has now been in operation under the management of Messrs. Grant for 
six years or more, and the yarns made here have achieved a na-tional reputation. The plant 
comprises a three-story lirick building, 35x50 t'eet, fitted up with two sets of cards, three mules 
and a complete equipment of auxiliary machinery and appliances, the whole driven by steam 
power. Fourteen hands are employed, and the output is quite large, most of it being readily 
disposed of to manufacturers of woolen goods in the eastern States. 

Messrs. R. T. and H. E. Grant reside here and have immediate charge of the mill and bus- 
iness, while the third brother, Mr. E. Grant, lives in Connecticut; all are practical yarn manu- 
facturers, and energetic, enterprising, successful business men. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 2OI 

ATTLEBOROUGH. 



THE Indian title to the territory out of wiiich lias since been carved a part of 
Rehoboth, Seekonk, Attleborough, and Cumberland (R. I.) was purchased 
in 1 66 1 by Captain Thomas Willett on behalf of Plymouth Colony from Wamsut- 
ta, son of Massasoit-and elder brother of Metacomet (afterward distinguished as 
King Philip). The land — then called the North Purchase — was subsequently 
cut up into fifty-acre tracts and divided by lot among original and incoming 
settlers. In October, 1694, the town of Attleborough (named for Attleborough, 
Norfolk county, England) was incorporated, and then contained about eighty 
square miles. There was a good deal of bloodshed within the limits of the town 
during King Philip's war. The people distinguished themselves for patriotism in 
the Revolution, showed proper spirit in the second war with England, and poured 
out physical and financial aid without stint in the war for the Union. Cumber- 
land was separated from Attleborough in 1745. North Attleborough was se 



)- 



arated from the original town and incorporated by special act of the General 
Court July 30, 1S88. By the census of 1890 the old town has a population of 
7,575 ; total assessed valuation, :f54,026,335. There are in the town six post- 
offices — Attleboro, West x\ttleboro, South Attleboro, Brigg's Corner, Dodgeville 
and Hebronville ; one National bank, one savings and loan association ; one opera- 
house ; eight Protestant and two Roman Catholic churches ; free public library ; 
high, grammar, intermediate and primary schools housed in fine, commodious, 
well lighted, well heated, and well ventilated buildings ; two daily and one week- 
ly newspapers ; gas and electric light plant ; complete water-works ; an excellent 
fire department. The Old Colony railroad bisects the town ; an electric railway 
extends from Attleboro via North Attleboro to Plainville in Norfolk county, and 
two others are projected, respectively from Attleboro to Pawtucket, R. I., and 
from North Attleboro via South Attleboro to Pawtucket. The town contains the 
usual secret and beneficiary societies, trade organizations, etc. 

The distinguishing industry of Attleboro is the manufacture of jewelry, and is 
said to have had its origin here in the unpretentious labors of a solitary French 
worker in the precious metals — perhaps a discharged soldier of the Franco-Amer- 
ican contingent of the revolutionary army — who settled here in 1780. Even his 
name is forgotten, but the seeds he planted have brought forth abundant fruit, 
and Attleborough, after a century of growth and development in this direction, is 
now one of the most important jewelry manufacturing centers in the world. In 
connection therewith the construction of jewelers' machinery has reached a won- 
derful degree of perfection here, and Attleboro artisans are kept busy supplying 
home and foreign customers with both appliances and products. Electrical sup- 
plies and apparatus are also made in considerable quantities. 



ATTLEBORO DYE WORKS. 



R. Wolfenden & Sons — Dyers and Bleachers ofWoolen and Worsted Yarns, Braids, 
Tapes, Hosiery, etc. — Rear of No. 88 County St.; P. O. Address, Lock Box 753. 

Mr. R. Wolfenden, an experienced practical dyer, established the Attleboro dye works in 
1868, and ten years later admitted to copartnership his sons, John W. and Oscar. At the 
founder's death the sons became proprietors, retaining the former style, R. Wolfenden & Sons. 
The works, situated in rear of No. 88 County street, are quite extensive, comprising a two-story 
frame dye-house, several outbuildings, yards, etc., utilized for dyeing and bleaching purposes. 
From fifteen to twenty hands are employed in the various departments, and the machinery and 
appliances are driven by several small engines supplied with steam from an 85-horse-power 

14 



202 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



boiler. The specialties embrace the dyeing and bleaching of woolen and worsted yarns for all 
purposes, braids, tapes, hosiery, etc., and the product is of the most satisfactory kind, as is 
evidenced by the amount of business done — $30,000 to $40,000 a year. Particular attention is 
given to tirst-class work, and all orders are promptly executed. 







Mr. G. A. Dean embarked in the manufacture of jewelry at this point in 1856. The present 
style, G. A. Dean & Co., was adopted in 1884. On the whole it has been a very successful 
house from the start, and has built up a most enviable reputation with the trade everywhere. 
The factory occupies two spacious floors of the Pates' building No. i, a large four-story frame 
structure on the railroad, and is fitted up with all modern improved machinery and appliances, 
steam power, etc., about seventy-five hands being required to keep up with orders from jobbers 
and to fill those sent in by a corps of active salesmen in various parts of the country. A vast 
quantity of elegant goods in tasty forms is produced, the leading specialties comprising fine roll 
plated chains, charms, lockets, bracelets, etc. New designs are being brought out at all seasons, 
and the trade when in search of novelties will make no mistake in sending their inquiries direct 
to G. A. Dean & Co.'s factory or to the salesroom, No. 198 Broadway, New York. 



W. H. WILMARTH & CO., 



(E. B. Bullock), Manufacturing Jewelers — ^ Robinson Building, Corner Union Street 

and Bailey Avenue. 
Messrs. L. and W. Wilmarth established the house of Wilmarth Bros, in 1872, but afterward 
retired in favor of W. H. Wilmarth & Co., who finally sold out in May, i8go, to E. B. Bullock. 
The salesroom and office are in room 11, No. 176 Broadway, New York. The Attleboro fac- 
tory is situated in the four-story brick Robinson building No. 3, Union street, corner of Bailey 
avenue, occupying three floors each 45 x 80 feet and employing from 160 to 175 expert 
operatives. The machinery plant is complete in all departments, including steam power, rolling 
mills, presses, etc., a noticeable feature being the electro-plating apparatus, which is of the 
latest and most approved style. The goods made here embrace very full lines of stylish rolled 
gold jewelry of all kinds and in all grades, but the leading specialties, upon which the concern's- 
reputation principally rests, comprise a superb variety of lever and separable sleeve and 
collar buttons, curl), rope, Geneva and fancy link ladies' and gents' chains, etc., in the best 
quality electro rolled plate. New designs are being constantly brought out, and the jobbing 
and notion trade is supplied with an uninterrupted succession of novelties through the firm's- 
travelers. Fifteen hundred styles of buttons are made here constantly, three hundred old being 
discarded and three hundred new and popular styles substituted each year — that is, about one 
fresh novelty for each working day. The "Dandy," the "Daisy" and the "Crescent," three 
ot the most popular styles of collar buttons ever sold to the people at large in this country, 
Europe, Australia, Central and South America, are manul'actured by this house at the rate of 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



203 



one hundred gross each — 300 gross in all — daily. Of the millions of stone settings used in the 
ornamentation of sleeve and collar buttons, at least nine-tenths are prepared on the premises by 
skilled lapidaries, thus effecting a saving of more than one-half in cost to manufacturer, dealer 
and consumer, and placing the richest gems in reach of all classes. By a process peculiarly his 
own, Mr. Bullock has these handsome brilliants made from glass canes. Buyers visiting New 
York are invited to visit the new salesroom, room 11, No. 176 Broadway, and inspect stock and 
prices. Sales for last year footed up $260,000. The trade of this house extends to Europe, 
Australia and Central and South America, where it is widely and favorably known. 



SLADE & WHIPPLE, 



Gold and Silver Refiners, Assayers, Smelters, Dealers in Crucibles, Chemicals and 
Acids — Taunton Branch Railroad, near Pleasant Street. 

Messrs. William L. Slade and Frank C. Whipple, experienced practical metallurgists, formed 
a copartnership in .September, 1890, and succeeded to the old tirm of Barber & Burlingame, 
established ten years previously. The smelting and refining works, situated beside the Taunton 
branch railroad near Pleasant street, consist of a two-story frame building 40 x 60 feet, with 
additions and outbuildings, the whole provided with the requisite machinery and apparatus and 
a ten-horse-power steam engine. Here, with the assistance of several workmen, Messrs. Slade 
and Whipple are kept busy in their specialties of smelting, refining and assaying and the prep- 
aration of fine gold, silver and copper for the jewelry and silverware trade of Attleboro, Taunton 
and other places in this vicinity, whom they also supply with sand and black lead crucibles, 
ammonia, nitric, sulphuric and muriatic acids, etc. They manufacture 50,000 pounds of blue 
vitriol per year, and do a bu.^iness of $40,000 or $50,000 annually. 



J. T. INMAN & CO., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Robinson Building No. i. Railroad Street. 

Lindsey & Inman established this house in 1882, and continued in business together 
until 1890, when Mr. Lindsey retired, and for several months Mr. Inman continued 
alone. A new copartnership was then formed between Messrs. J. T. Inman and James 
McNerney under the style of J. T. Inman & Co. The factory occupies one floor 
of the four-story brick Robinson building No. i, on Railroad street, contains the usual plant 







of rolling, stamping and pressing machinery and steam power, and furnishes employment for 
ten to fifteen hands. The output, valued at from $12,000 to $15,000 per annum, comprises a 
general line of solid gold and rolled plate jewelry, the leading specialties consisting of 
lockets and charms in gold, silver and plate. They sell to jobbers everywhere. The accom- 
panying cuts represent a few patterns of their solid gold lockets. 



STREETER BROS., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Wilmarth Building, No. 18 County Street. 

Messrs. Henry A. and John F. Streeter established this house about 1866, and during their 
career have introduced scores of popular novelties besides building up a prosperous trade with 
jobbers and exporters east, west and south. Their present specialties comprise a superb line of 
high grade rolled gold and plated vest, guard, matinee and opera chains in elegant designs and 
of beautiful workmanship, of which they dispose of $18,000 or $20,000 worth annually. Their 
factory, situated on the second and third floors of the Wilmarth three-story frame building. No. 
18 County street, is 7,200 square feet in area, and thoroughly equipped in all respects. They 
employ from thirty-five to forty-five hands. 



204 



INLAND RIASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



SMITH ELECTRIC COMPANY. 



Earl B. Smith — Manufacturing Electrician, Sixth Street, Near County. 

In 1 886 Messrs. II. E. Swift and H. C. Blackinton began the manufacture of electrical 
appliances, but later sold out to Mr. Earl B. Smith, who continues the business under the style 
of the Smith Electric Company. He is junior partner in the firm of Smith, Carpenter & Co., 
manufacturers of coffin and casket trimmings, but travels in the interest of his electrical business. 

The works occupy a two-story 
tVame building, 26x50 feet, on Sixth 
street near County, and are fitted 
up with a complete equipment <> 
iron, steel, brass, nickel and wood 
working machinery and special 
tools, a ten-horse-power steam en- 
gine and the usual apjiaratus for 
experimenting and testing. Mr. 
, ^. ^ -^^ Smith, who is an accomplished 

J I practical electrician, has general 

j|H ikllllll'l' il charge, assisted by twelve or fifteen 

TH llillll'i I i| «^-'^P<^i't w-orkmen. The specialties 

\w !||||ii|!ll||||||j|lll|^ m^de here embrace a full line of 

newly improved electric bells, gas 
lighting keys, nickel press buttons, 
door pushes, floor pushes, spark 
coils, etc., of beautiful design 
and superior workmanship. These 
goods, which are fast becom- 
ing indispensable to builders and 
house-owners, are supplied to the 
jobbing trade in quantities to suit and at reasonable prices. They are just now iiUroducnu 
the Smith " rosette cut-out," made either in porcelain, moulded mica or wood. This is used 
for incandescent lamps and is the most valuable article of its kind ever placed upon the market. 



1 






A. BUSHEE & CO. 



Manufacturers of Jewelry — No. ig County Street. 
Messrs. Albert and Charles A. Hushee have been engaged in the manufacture of rolled 
plate and fine-gilt goods for many years and have an established reputation under the firm-name 
of A. Bushee & Co. They were the originators and are still among the largest producers of 
separable sleeve and collar buttons, and turn out besides full lines of standard plate jew^elry 
and novelties, employing from fifty to seventy-five people and doing a business of $100,000 
to $150,000 per annum with jobbers everywhere. Their factory is situated on the ground 
floor, 35x100 feet, with wing 20x25 feet, of the three-story frame building No. 19 County 
street, where they control the best facilities in the way of machinery, apparatus and steam 
power. 



HORTON, ANGELL & CO. 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Bushee Building, No. ig County Street. 

The house of Horton, Angell >S: Co. dates I'rom 1869, and was established by the late E. 
J. Horton, B. J. Angell and G. M. Horton. Mr. E. S. Horton succeeded his brother on the 
iatter's death in June, 1880; Messrs. Angell and G. M. Horton subsequently retired, and 
Messrs. H. A. Clark, M. E. Rowe and T. S. Carpenter were admitted in 1887. Mr. Carpen- 
ter manages the New York and western trade, and Mr. Clark looks after the interests of the 
concern in Boston and Providence. The principal office is at No. 276 Broadway, New York, 
where complete lines of samples are kept in stock and orders received for sliipment from the 
factory. The latter is located in the Bushee building. No. 19 County street, a three-story frame 
structure designed and erected expressly for the purpose, and of which two 40x85-foot floors 
are occupied by Horton, Angell & Co.'s 125 work people and machinery plant, which includes 
all modern improved appliances, steam power, etc. Besides manufacturing the original separ- 
able sleeve and collar buttons and studs in great quantities, the firm produce many styles of 
patent buttons, together with general lines of special initial buttons, scarf pins, etc., in rolled 
gold plate and gold tVont. All goods made here are guaranteed as represented, and jobbers 
and exporters find greater difficulty in supplying the demand than in making sales. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 205 

RICHARDS MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



Philip Brady, President ; Frank R.Grimes, Treasurer and Manager — Manufactur- 
ers and Jobbers of Gold 
and Rolled Plate Jewelry. 
Rooms 18 and 19, Horton 
Block, Park Street. 

The Richards Manufacturing 
Company is exerting a very 
perceptible and vakiable in- 
fluence in developing and ex- 
tending the jewelry interests 
of Attleboro. Occupying for 
office and salesroom the hand- 
some and commodious suite 18 
and 19 Horton l)lock. Park 
street, and maintaining intimate 
relations with representative 
manufacturers, the company 
has superior advantages for 
executing orders from the trade 
for every description of stand- 
ard goods and also for the 
designing and making of nov- 
elties in gold and rolled plate, 
besides doing a general joV)bing 
business. Their last year's trans- 
actions more than douljled any 
previous year. Orders for jew- 
elry, in any degree of fineness 
and to any extent, are filled 
promptly and on reasonable 
terms. Selection packages will 
be sent to any responsible dealer 
on request. 





P. E. WITHEREL.L, 



Manufacturer of Patent Enamel Collar Buttons, Spiral Wire Studs, etc. — West St., 

Near Farmers' Station. 
Hayward & Carpenter founded this concern about eighteen years ago. Mr. Carpenter 
subsecjuently retired, when the firm of Hayward & Witherell succeeded, Mr. P. E. Witherell 
becoming sole proprietor in 1886. His factory, employing twelve or fifteen hands and fitted 
up with special machinery and steam power, occupies the upper floor of the Electric Light 
Company's building on West street, near Farmers' station, a three-story structure 40x120 feet. 
Mr. Witherell controls valuable patents on enameling processes in connection with the manu- 
facture of collar buttons and spiral wire studs, of which goods he makes specialties. The 
buttons especially are handsome, very strong and durable, have rolled gold-plate fronts, and 
all parts that come in contact with the linen or flesh are enameled, and consequently will not 
wear away, corrode and destroy the border of the button holes, or poison the flesh, as do the 
metallic surfaces of the ordinary plated buttons. These are made in great and pleasing 
variety, as are the studs. Mr. Witherell has entire control of the United States for these 
patents, and in consequence of the great demand has added improved tools and machinery and 
devotes his entire attention to their manufacture. All orders from the jobbing, export and 
notion trade promptly attended to. 



206 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED, 



C. E. STREETER & CO., 



Manufacturers of Regalia and Ribbon Badges, Emblematical Charms, Badges, Cuff 

Buttons, etc. — Suite 17 Horton Block, Park St. 

This house — which, by the way, now consists 
of Mr. Charles E. Streeter alone — was estab- 
lished in 1889, and is already famous throughout 
the length and breadth of the land for the excellent 
taste and superior material and workmanship that 
distinguish its productions. The leading specialties 
comprise full lines of regalia and ribbon badges in 
regulation styles, but in addition he manufactures an 
infinitely varied line of charms, badges, cuff and 
lapel buttons, pins, etc., emblematical of the various 
orders and societies — Freemasons, Odd Fellows, 
Good Templars, Knights of Pythias, A. O. U. \V., 
Knights of Honor, Grand Army of the Republic, 
Knights of Labor, Red Men, Sons of Veterans, 
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, Elks, For- 
esters, Locomotive Firemen, United Order American 
Mechanics and many others. Any kind or style of 
badge is made to order at short notice, and cata- 
logues mailed to applicants. 




W. & S. BLACKINTON, 



Manufacturers of Jewelry — Specialties, Fine Gold-Plated Chains and Lockets — 
Bates Building, between Mill and Capron Streets; New York Office, Nos. 14 and 
16 Maiden Lane. 

This house, composed of Messrs. WilHam Hlackinton, Samuel Blackinton and Lewis Black- 
inton, was founded in 1868 and ranks with the most prominent and prosperous representatives 
of an industry which of late years has developed to vast proportions, involving the employment 
of millions of capital and thousands of operatives. The works, where' may be found at all 
times from 175 to 200 busy workers, occupy one floor of the great four-story Bates frame Ijuilding, 
recently enlarged expressly for the purpose, so that Messrs. Blackinton's premises are now40x 
250 feet in area, perfectly lighted by electricity, and the most comprehensively equipped jewel- 
ry factory in the United States, the outfit of hand, foot and power presses, stamps, rolling ma- 
chinery, etc., embracing all that is new and valuable in the waj' of improve'd appliances, a' fine 
steam engine supplying the needed power. This firm manufacture specialties of rolled gold 
chains and lockets, gold and rolled gold liracelets, and sterling silver cliain bracelets, sterling 
silver chatelaines, and similar goods, which are disposed of in all parts of the country, a number 
of competent salesmen being kept on the road, and exported in considerable quantities through 
jobbers. The New York office and salesroom are located at Nos. 14 and 16 Maiden lane. 
Transactions average $250,000 a year. 



SHORT, NERNEY & CO. 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Bates Building, No. 13 Mill Street. 

This house, established 1876, is composed of Messrs. M. B. Sliort, Peter, Nerney and J. J. 
Horton, experienced practical men who devote their undivided attention to their business and 
have consequently made it a success. Occupying one entire floor of the big four-story Bates 
building, No. 13 Mill street, they have a complete outfit of improved machinery, steam power 
and electro-plating apparatus, employ seventy-five hands, and produce from $70,000 to $80,000 
worth of novelties in rolled gold and plated jewelry per annum, making specialties of fine rolled 
gold chains and similar goods. This house makes the only absolutely seamless wire chain on 
themarket, nothing but seamless stock being used from bar to swivel and including both. The 
ordinary so-called seamless chain is made differently, and is not, therefore, strictly speaking, a 
seamless chain. Short, Nerney & Co.'s "Acme" line of goods is well known to the trade and 
popular with the public. They supply jobbers and notion dealers all over the continent. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



207 



R. B, MACDONALD, 



Manufacturing Jeweler — Bates Building, 

Avenue. 



No. 



Railroad 



Mr. Robert B. Macdonald has been in business here for the past 
twelve or thirteen years, and is well and favorably known to the 
jobbing trade by his tasty and exceedingly salable goods, with 
which they are supplied by Mr. William A. Macdonald, the popular 
salesman. These comprise beautiful lines of high-grade rolled gold 
and plated scarf and lace pins, brooches, chains and bracelets, ster- 
ling silver combs, hair pins and ornaments. The factory, commodious 
and well equipped with all requisite appliances, including jig-saw- 
ing machinery for fancy work, is situated on the ground floor of 
Bates' building. No. i Railroad avenue, employs from ten to twelve 
hands, and produces $18,000 or $20,000 worth of goods per annum. 




146 



BRIGGS HOCJSE. 



Seth R. Briggs, Proprietor — No. ig S. Main Street. 

Mr. Seth R. Briggs is one of Attlelioro s most popular citizens, chief constable of the town, 
ex-governor and secretary of the American Protective League, treasurer of the Royal Society of 
Good Fellows (Attleboro assembly No. 138), clerk of Union Endowment (No. 17), memljer of 
supreme lodge of United Ordet of Pilgrim Fathers, captain of the Fire Police, and prominent in 
other orders and societies of a beneficent character. Eight years ago he purchased the property 
No. 19 South Main street, remodeled, refitted and furnished it throughout, and opened the 
establishment with himself as host, ably seconded and assisted by his amiable, cheery and capa- 
ble wife. The house came at once into public favor; its patrons and citizens generally conferred 
upon it the name of the new owner, and out of deference to their evident wishes the name 
Briggs House was given to it. The house is a substantial four-story frame structure, and with 
recent improvements presents a neat and attractive exterior. On the ground floor is the com- 
modious ofifice, connected with which are a well-appointed reading-room, a large billiard and 
pool-room, and two dining-halls — one public that will seat one hundred guests, the other 
private and smaller. On the second floor are the parlors, public and private, the family living 
rooms, etc., and on the third and fourth floors are thirty-six cosy, comfortable, airy and well-lighted 
sleeping rooms, tastily furnished and upholstered and provided with all conveniences, including 
hot and cold water, toilet and bath rooms. The lighting and heating are all that could be 
desired, and the table and service first-class. Rates are reasonable, and special terms are made 
for commercial and theatrical people. The Briggs House is located near the mercantile and 
manufacturing center, convenient to the railroad station, electric street cars, opera-house, post 
office, etc., and has in connection a large and well-kept livery and boarding stable. 



BATES OPERA HOUSE. 



Joseph M. Bates, Proprietor; Joseph G. Hutchinson, Manager — Park Square. 

Though Mr. Bates is unquestionably Attleboro's most enterprising and progressive citizen and 
has successfully labored for many years in developing the material interests of the town, he 
probably never conferred upon the people a greater beneficence than when, in 1885, he erected 
the opera-house that bears his name. The building is of brick, seventy feet front on Park 
square, and forms a part of the Bates block. The main entrance is broad and lofty, with ample 
lobby. The body of the auditorium- — dress circle, parquette and orchestra — has seating capacity 
for one thousand spectators, and there are four elegant private boxes. The whole interior is 
sumptuously fitted and finished and artistically decorated, and the chairs are richly upholstered. 
The stage, on a level with the ground floor, is sixty feet wide, forty-two feet deep, and forty 
feet high; the proscenium opening thirty and one-half feet wide by thirty feet high; the flats 
seventeen feet, and twenty-eight full sets of scenery are. provided. At the wings and in rear of 
the stage are sixteen dressing, rooms and an orchestra room, fitted up with gas and water; in 
front a magnificent drop curtain. In a word, the appointments are of the highest order and 
complete in all details, even to the providing of hose throughout the house and over the stage 
as a safe-guard against fire. Those who should know pronounce Attleboro and her opera-house 
the best one or two-night stand in New England. There is no question regarding the perfection 
of the lighting, heating and ventilating arrangements. The season lasts from September to 
June. Directors of dramatic and concert troupes should address Manager Hutchinson. 



2o8 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

BATES BUTTON COMPANY, 



Manufacturers of Ladies' and Gentlemen's Cuff and Collar Buttons — Bates Building, 

No. 13 Mill Street. 

The Costello patent lever cuff and collar buttons are so well known and in such universal 
favor with the trade and consumers as to require neither description nor commendation, as they 
are unrivaled for neatness, convenience, strength and durability, while the plating is so heavy 
and perfect that only an expert can distinguish the goods from genuine gold even after long 
service. Costello & Co. liegan manufacturing in 1886, but retired in 1889, when Joseph M. 
Bates bought the plant and patents, and has since continued the business as the Bates Button 
Company, how successfully may be judged from the fact that $80,000 worth of goods were sold 
last year, and from forty to sixty hands are regularly employed upon this class of work alone. 
The factory occupies a portion of the great Bates building — four-story frame — near the railroad, 
with entrance at No. 13 Mill street, and is fitted up with special machinery of the most 
ingenious kind, steam power and all facilities. 



OPERA HOUSE HOTEL AND CAPE. 



Joseph M. Bates, Owner; Everett W. Eddy, Manager — Opera House Block, Park 

Square. 

Mr. J. M. Bates, who is president of the First National Bank, proprietor of the Bates Button 
Company, head of the firm of Bates & Bacon, and owner of several of Attleboro's largest man- 
ufacturing l)uildings, also erected the opera-house on Park square, and in 1885 fitted up a por- 
tion of the st^cond floor for the purpose and leased it under the title of the Park Square Cafe. 
It is evident that the enterprise prospered, as in 1889 the establishment was remodeled, the 
upper floors converted into sleeping apartments, the office and cafe removed to the ground 
floor, elegantly refitted and handsomely appointed, and reopened in December as the Opera 
House Hotel and Cafe. Mr. Everett \V. Eddy, a most agreeable boniface, is manager and 
host. Adjoining the office are the tasty cigar, confectionery and soda water stands, and open- 
ing therefrom the spacious, lofty, tastily decorated and inviting dining hall and cafe, where 
delicious meals are served from 6 a. m. to 10 p. m., either a In carle or at fixed prices, in order 
to accommodate both transient and regular guests. Board is furnished by the day or week, and 
special rates accorded commercial and dramatic tourisits. Public and private parlors are pro- 
vided, and sixteen delightful chambers up stairs invite to repose. The house is lighted by elec- 
tric lights, heated by steam, fitted with hot and cold water service, and a telephone in the office 
ministers to the convenience of patrons. The opera-house and post office are in the same build- 
ing, and electric street cars pass the doors. Mr. Eddy makes a specialty of catering for social 
reunions, parties, balls and banquets. 



JOHN ANTHONY, 



Manufacturer of Chains and Bracelets — Bank Street, near Park. 

Mr. Anthony first embarked in Inisiness on his own account in 18S4, when he established a 
factory at North Attleboro. Three years later he removed to Attleboro as a more central and 
otherwise advantageous location, and has since occupied the upper floor, 18 x 50 feet, of the 
two-story frame structure on Bank street near Park, where, employing eight or ten hands and a 
complete outfit of appropriate machinery — the latter driven by a two-horse-power electric motor, 
— he devotes his undivided attention to the manufacture of neck and vest chains and bracelets 
in novel and elegant designs and great variety, dealing exclusively with Massachusetts and 
Rhode Island manufacturers, who readily take his entire output. A specialty is made of the 
manufacture of aluminum chains and of chains of combined red "old and aluminum. 



C. S. SMITH & BROTHER, 



Electro-Platers — Bates Building No. i. 

Short & Nerney established these electro-plating works in 1868. They were succeeded l.y 
Nerney & Lincoln, and in 1888 Messrs. C. .S. Smith & Brother became proprietors, the firm 
being composed of Messrs. Charles S. and Harvey L. Smith, practical and experienced electro- 
platers. The works, situated in the basement of the three-story frame Bates building No. i, 40 
X 40 feet, are thoroughly equipped with steam power, dynamos and other requisite apparatus, and 
give employment to eight or ten men, who are kept busily engaged infilling orders for work 
demanded by local jewelry manufacturers. The plating executed here i* of the best quality, and 
the house has an established reputation. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



:o9 



FIRST NATIONAL BANK. 



J. M. Bates, President; Homer M. Daggett, Cashier — Sturdy Building, No. 27 Park 

Street. 

It is not too much, to say that,- taking all conditions into consideration, the First National 
Bank of Attleboro has a record such as few similar institutions can lioast. Incorporated March, 
1875, with $100,000 capital stock, nearly if not quite every industrial and mercantile concern 
in tlie town can attest from direct knowledge the courtesy and liberal conservatism of its 
administration and the readiness ever exhibited to accommodate and encourage public and 
private enterprise of a deserving character. This course may be accounted for upon several 
hypotheses, but the most reasonable one that occurs to us is that the officers and directors are 
all immediately interested in the permanent prosperity of Attleboro and have never hesitated to 
exert their influence and advance their money for its upbuilding. As above stated, the president 
is Mr. Joseph M. Bates, president also of the Bates Button Company, head of the firm of Bates 
& Bacon, owner of the Bates Opera-house, the Opera-house Hotel and Cafe, and of several 
immense factory buildings; the other directors Messrs. William M. Fisher, of Wm. M. Fisher 
& Co., manufacturing jewelers; George A. Dean, of George J\. Dean & Co., manufacturing 
jewelers; Benjamin S. Freeman; James H. Sturdy; James J. Horton, of .Short, Nerney & Co.,, 
manufacturing jewelers; Clarence L. Watson, of Watson, Newell & Co., manufacturing jewelers; 
and Albert A. Bushee, of Bushee & Co., manufacturing jewelers. The appended sworn state- 
ment to the Comptroller of the Currency shows the condition of the First National Bank at the 
close of Business May 4, 1891 : 



RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts - .?35o,g28 74 

U.S. bonds to secure circulation 25,00000 

Due from approved reserve agents 45,902 05 

Due from other National banks 1,26856 

Banking house, furniture and fixtures.. 80000 

Other real estate and mortgages owned.. 1500 00 

Current expenses and taxes paid 504 c8 

Premiums on U. S. bonds 3,000 00 

Checks and other casn items 350 82 

Bills of other banks 1,710 00 

Specie 8,83634 

Legal tender notes 2,70000 

U. S. certificates of deposit for legal- 
tenders - 500000 

Redemption fund with U. S. treasurer (5 

per cent, of circulation) 1,125 00 



LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock paid in .$100,000 00 

Surplus fund 20,00000 

Undivided profits 15.352 22- 

National banknotes outstanding 22,500 00 

Dividends unpaid 2700 

individual deposits subject to check.... 275,496 36 

Demand certificates of deposit 15.415 42 

Due to other National banks 1.834 59 



Total .'F44S,625 59 Total $448,62559. 

The banking-house, neatly and conveniently arranged and fitted, is situated on the second 
floor of the Sturdy building. No. 27 Park street, where those having business with the institution 
will receive prompt and polite attention. Discount day, Monday. 



M. E. CLEMONS, 



Manufacturer of Electrical Supplies— Electric Light Co.'s Building, West Street, near 

Farmers' Station. 

The Dillon Manufacturing Company fitted up these works in 1S89, but were soon al'terward 
succeeded by Mr. Maynard E. demons, with Mr. Homer M. Daggett as special partner. 
Located on an upper floor of the Electric Light Company's building. West street, provided with 
a complete equipment of late improved machinery and tools, steam power, etc., and employing 
about fifteen expert mechanics under his own supervision, Mr. Clemons — a practical electrician 
of high repute — is prepared to undertake and execute in the most perfect manner any required 
work in his line, which emliraces the manufacture of electric apparatus generally, incandescent 
appliances, switches, cut-outs, sockets, rosettes, hanger boards, etc., together with devices of 
various kinds for operating electric railways, making a leading specialty of the construction and 
equipment of such lines. The company is now building and has the contract for furnishing com- 
plete electric roads as follows: Attleboro cS: Pawtucket; North Attleboro & I'awtucket; Paw- 
tucket & Providence, and Pj'ovidence & Bullock's Point — in all about thirty-five miles, to be 
known when completed as the Inter-State electric railway. The jewelry manufacturers here- 
about are largely interested in this enterprise, and there is little doubt that the work will be 
finished and the line in full operation in the spring of 1892. It is intended that every possible 
improvement in tracks, cars and motive power shall be incorporated, and it is safe to say that 
the work could not have been committed to more capable hands. Mr. Clemons is a young man 
of rare ingenuity and skill, thoroughly posted in the latest advances pertaining to his profession. 



2 10 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

P. H. SADLER & CO., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Robinson Building No. i, Railroad Street. 

F. H. Sadler & Co. was established nearly eight years ago. The factory, employing from 
twenty-five to forty operatives, occupies one floor of the large four-story brick Robinson building 

No. I, situated on Railroad street, and is completely equipped for 
^0^ ^ ^/> the manufacture of such specialties as bracelets, scarf, lace and stick 

y30f\ pins, necklaces, spiral bracelets, studs, drops, etc., in gold, silver 

TRADE \ySy MAR K- and rolled gold plate, and sold to the jobbing trade. The feature of 
Oy \Lr <\^* ^^i* establishment is the mounting of " Borneo Diamonds," of which 
•^ M ^ '^'^ house are the sole importers and have made it known so popu- 

larly all over the United States and Canada, Central and South 
America, as well as in Australia, on account of their immense sales of these goods. Their trade 
mark, "Borneo Diamonds," is registered and protected and guarantees to the purchaser the 
nearest, most brilliant and perfect imitation of the pure diamond ever attempted. No exception 
taken. They are mounted into studs, scarf pins, pins and ear drops, in solid gold and rolled 
gold plate, and none are genuine without the cards being stamped with the trade mark " Borneo 
Diamonds." The manufacturers are prepared to send a selection of these famed goods to all 
responsible parties upon request by addressing F. H. Sadler & Co., Attleboro, Mass. 



A. H. BABCOCK, 



Manufacturer of Paper Boxes — West Street, near Farmer's Station. 

Probal^ly N^r. Hartford S. Babcock, who established this house many years ago, foresaw the 
wonderful development of Attleboro's jewelry industry and the demand that must arise for his 
products; at any rate events have fully justified the wisdom of his selection of a location, for he 
lived to see his unpretentious little paper box shop expand to large proportions and take its place 
^mong the useful and important establishments of the place. His son, Abbott H., succeeded to 
the proprietorship and control early in 1890, and has added much to the value and effectiveness 
of the plant, which now comprises two frame buildings, one of three stories, 30 x 60 feet, being 
utilized as a factory, the other, of two stories, 20 x 45 feet, containing the office, storage ware- 
rooms, etc. The exquipment includes all the latest improved facilities in machinery and appli- 
ances; eight or ten operatives are employed, and the output of paper boxes of every description 
is valued at from $12,000 to $15,000 a year, the leading specialties comprising full lines of neat 
jewelry and confectionery boxes, boxes for packing plate, cartoons, boxes for braids, etc. Mr. 
Babcock has a large local patronage and ships to Boston, Pawtucket, North Attleboro and many 
surrounding points. 



WILMARTH, HOLMES & CO., 

Manufacturers of Rolled Gold Plate Jewelry— Bates Building No. i, Railroad Street. 

This firm is composed of Messrs. W. H. Wilmarth and Chas. F. Holmes. Mr. AVilmarth was 
formerly senior member of W. H. Wilmaith & Co., founded in 1872, and which was sold out 
to E. B. Bullock, Mr. Wilmarth forming a copartnership with Mr. Holmes and making a new 
rstart last year. The new establishment is domiciled on the spacious first floor of the immense 
four-story frame Bates building No. i, Railroad street, where, provided with all requisite 
machinery and facilities and employing fifteen or twenty hands, the firm confidently expect to 
■do a large business from the start, the outlook for a liberal patronage being very bright and 
orders from jobbers coming in rapidly. The line of specialties embraces every description of 
rolled gold plate jewelry — lace, bar and scarf pins, brooches, bracelets, collar and sleeve but- 
■tons, ear drops, hoops and pendants, chains, etc. 



BATES & BACON, 



Manufacturers of Watch Cases and Jewelry — Bates Building, No. 13 Mill Street. 

This is an old-established house, of which Mr. J. M. Bates has been sole proprietor since 
May 28, 1890. The factory, occupying a portion of the monster four-story frame Bates building, 
■situated near the Old Colony railroad between Mill and Capron streets, is a commodious one, 
splendidly equipped throughout with the latest improved machinery, steam power, etc., and 
gives employment to from seventy-five to one hundred hands, many of whom are experts. For 
a long time the house made fine gold plated bracelets its leading specialty, but of late has de- 



INLAND MASSACHUSErrS ILLUSTRATED. 2 11 

voted greater attention to the manufacture of full and complete lines of gold and filled watch- 
cases in all grades to fit all American movements. This is the only house in this vicinity which 
manufactures watch-cases, and the magnitude of the undertaking may be imagined from the 
fact that Mr. Bates had invested more than $75,000 in special machinery and tools for the pur- 
pose before a single case was made. The firm's watch-case specialties embrace the "B. & B." 
"Favorite," "Peer," "Gem," "Orient" and "Puritan." They also make full lines, in o and 6 
sizes, of satin-finished cases, cases with raised gold ornaments, and stone-ornamented cases. Of 
these goods the Providence Manufacturing Jeweler of July 14, 1891, says: "The new line of 
o and 6-size cases made by Bates & Bacon are in reality some of the handsomest goods in this 
line ever produced. The designs on these cases having raised gold and stone ornamentations 
are exquisitely beautiful, and their finish is of a character found only on the best and most ex- 
pensive work of this class. With goods containing so many meritorious features, it is not to be 
wondered at that the prospects for the biggest business ever done in any one season at the fac- 
tory is making itself manifest." 

Mr. J. M. Bates, sole proprietor, owns several large buildings in this village, furnishing fac- 
tory accommodations and steam power for about thirty jewelry manufacturing concerns. In 
this particular he has done more than any other individual to encourage and build up the indus- 
try, develop the material interests of the Attleboroughs, and exte'nd their fame throughout this 
country, the southern latitudes and Europe. 



PARK HOTEL. 



M. A. Davenport, Proprietor ; W. B. Arnold, Clerk — Nos. 40 and 42 Park Street. 

The Park Hotel was originally opened in 1871 or 1872. In 1874 Mr. Frederick A. Newell 
(who is still owner) purchased the property of J. G. Ryder and leased it to Isaac Potter. A 
Mr. P. H. Roberts subsequently became host, and was succeeded by Mr. M. A. Davenport, who 
retired after three years, but resumed the management in 1890. The Park Hotel is a hand- 
some and substantial modern three-story frame Iniilding with a frontage of seventy-five feet, 
facing an ample yard, and a depth of 100 feet. It is situated on the principal thoroughfare near 
the post office, banks, railroad stations and opera-house, and the electric cars pass every few 
minutes; on the ground floor are the office, reading and sample rooms, billiard room and barber- 
shop, and the commodious dining-room and parlors; upstairs are forty neat, clean and comfort- 
able sleeping apartments. The house was recently refitted, refurnished, renovated and pro- 
vided with new steam heating apparatus, electric bells, telephone, bath-rooms, etc., and is first- 
class in all respects, as are the tables and service. A well-appointed livery stable at the rear 
will furnish horses and carriages at moderate rates. 

Mine Host Davenport is fat, genial, liberal and obliging, the very beau ideal oi a landlord, 
whose well-rounded cheeks and jovial embonpoint augur well for the stranger within his gates. 



C. A. WETHERELL & CO., 

Manufacturing Jewelers — No.. 104 North Main Street. 

This firm, composed of Messrs. Charles A. Wetherell and William Nerney, established in 
1885, commands excellent facilities for manufacturing economically, occupying as it does the 
second floor, 40 x 90 feet, at No. 104 North Main street, on the bank of the Bungay river, from 
which an abundance of power is obtained by means of a turbine wheel. The outfit of machinery 
is of the highest order; from fifteen to twenty hands are furnished employment, and from 
$15,000 to $20,000 worth of goods are made annually and distril)uted through jobbers to notion 
and fancy goods dealers all over the country. The specialties comprise all the latest novelties 
in ladies' rolled plate ornaments — lace, bar and jersey pins, bracelets, necklaces, bangles, drops, 
etc. 



ELLIS, LIVSEY & CO., 



Manufacturers of Ladies' and Gents' Chains from C. R. Smith Seamless Wire, Ladies' 
Charms and Lockets, -Swivel Spring Rings, and Chain Bars in Rolled Plate — 
Bates' Building No. i, Mill Street. 

This is a new concern, established in November, 1890, l>y Messrs. F. M. Ellis and G. W. 
Livsey, young, enterprising and competent business men. Mr. Ellis, a practical jeweler, has 
immediate supervision of the mechanical department and office, while Mr. Livsey, an experi- 
enced and successful salesman, travels with full lines of samples, which embrace the latest popu- 



2 12 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

lar novelties in standard seamless wire chains for ladies and gentlemen, ladies' charms and 
lockets, swivel spring rings, chain bars and kindred rolled gold plate specialties. The factory, 
provided with the best improved machinery and tools, steam power, etc., and employing from 
ten to fifteen hands, is situated in the roomy and well-lighted basement of Bates' building No. i 
on Mill street, and is capable of turning out $15,000 worth of goods per annum. 



THE D. F. BRIGGS COMPANY, 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Bates' Building, Corner Union Street and Bailey Avenue. 

Mr. D. F. Briggs was the founder of this house, having established himself here in 1887. He 
was extraordinarily successful in originating novelties and extending his business connections, and 
in 1890 Messrs. Tappan, Berry iS: Co. bought him out. The company is at present composed of 
C. II. Tappan, W. C. Tappan, James Hume and W. F. Briggs. The factory, occupying two 
floors each 60 x 125 feet, of the Bates four-story frame building, corner of Union street and 
Bailey avenue, is not only very capacious but splendidly equipped with the latest improved and 
most effective appliances, including hand, foot and power presses, dies, draw benches, rolling 
mills, electro-plating apparatus anil everything desirable in an establishnient of the kind. Over 
100 skilled operatives are employeti, and the output is valued at rather more than $100,000 per 
annum. It is handled liy the jewelry and fancy goods trade all over the United States and 
exported to Canada, Mexico, Central and South America. This house devotes much attention 
to vest chains, of which it makes more than 2,000 varieties, besides producing an endless assort- 
ment of novelties, etc. 



VANIER & SLATERLY, 



Plumbers, Gas and Steam Fitters, Tin, Copper and Sheet Iron Workers — Robinson's 

Building, Mill Street. 
In July, 18S9, Messrs. George R. X'anier and Michael J. Slaterly, both expert practical 
mechanics, formed a copartnership for the prosecution of a general plumbing, steam and gas 
fitting, tin, copper and sheet-iron-working business. Their shop, 25 x 40 feet in dimensions and 
fitted up with the best special tools, occupies the basement of the three-story brick Rol^inson 
l)uil(hng on ^lill street and gives employment to eight or ten hands in the several departments. 
Ecjual and prompt attention is given to orders for work in either of their lines, and those who 
have had occasion to require their services unite in praise of the work done and the promptitude 
and liberality of the firm, who have a large and growing patronage among manufacturers, build- 
ers and householders in this and surrounding villages, besides carrying large stocks of tin, sheet- 
iron and copper ware, plumbers" supplies, gas fixtures and kindred commodities, which are sold 
at lowest prices. Both members of the firm had ten years" active experience at the bench and 
in the store before starting for themselves. 



NORTH ATTLEBOROUGH. 



'THE town of North Attleborough is an outgrowth of Attleborough, and the 
same historical resume appUes to both. The extraordinary growth of the north- 
ern half of the old town, and that desire for independence that seems implanted 
in the nature of all Americans, led to the setting up and incorporation of the new 
town, which was carried into effect by act of the Legislature approved July 30, 
1 888. Population, 1890, 6,727 ; assessed valuation, $3,708,678. The town 
contains two post-offices, Attleboro' and Attleboro' Falls ; one National and one 
savings bank, and one savings and loan association ; -board of trade ; grammar, 
high, intermediate and primary schools in handsome modern buildings ; public 
library ; one daily newspaper ; telegraph and telephone offices ; gas and electric 
light plants ; water-works ; fire department ; opera-house ; seven Protestant and 
one Roman Catholic churches, and the usual secret and other societies and or- 
ganizations. Communication is had with the outside world by means of the Old 
Colony railroad. An electric railway extends to Attleboro' and Plainville, and 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



another is about to be built to Tawtucket. ^1^e leading industry here, as at 
Attleboro', is the manufacture cf jewelry, vast quantities of which are shipped to 
New York and other i)rincii)al markets. 



E. V. JENNEY, 

Manufacturing Jeweler — Richards' Building, Elm Street. 

Mr. jenney is the successor of C. W. Chase & Co., who started the liouse in 1881. His 
factory, 40x60 feet, is situated on the upper floor of the two-story stone Richards building on 
Elm street, and contains all requisite appliances and adjuncts, steam power, etc. Ten or twelve 
men are employed, and a general line of jewelry is made for the jobbing and notion trade, the 
leading sjiecialties comprising an immense variety of fire gilt and plated rings with imitation 
settings — diamonds, emeralds, rubies, sapphires, pearls, etc. 



J. O. COPELAND & CO., 



Manufacturers of Jewelers' Findings, etc — Whiting's Building, No. 128 Broad St. 

Not the least curious or important of the numerous industries domiciled in Whiting's great 
building on Broad street is the factory of J. (). Copeland & Co., established 1888 and located 
on the ground floor, 30x40 feet, of the L. Under the style of J. O. Copeland & Co. Mr. C. 
employs about a dozen competent operatives and a fine complement of machinery in the man- 
ufacture jewelers' findings of various kinds, including metallic shot, twist wire, twist wire rings, 
silver and rolled plate wires, jewelers' gold, etc., his sales to manufacturing and commercial 
jewelers averaging nearly or (piite $12,000 a year. His products are of the best quality and 
satisfactory in all respects. 



HEALY BROTHERS, 



Manufacturers of Ladies' and Gentlemen's Novelties in Rolled Plate and Sterling 
Silver Chains, Charms and Trimmings — Totten's Building, East Street. 

Messrs. John T. and James H. Healy commenced the business of manul'acturing aliout 
nine years ago, and have been very successful, making for themselves a high reputation and an 
enviable place in the trade. Their factory is quite spacious — the lower floor, 40x100 feet, of 
the Totten building on East street — and equipped in the best manner with improved machinery, 
special tools and steam power. Employing from thirty to forty-five operatives, including many 
experts, they sell to jobbers through tiieir own travelers between $40,000 and $50,000 worth of 
finished goods annually, their specialties embracing a comprehensive line of ladies' and gentle- 
men's rolled plate and sterling silver novelties in chains, chain trimmings, charms, etc., of 
artistic design and fine quality — goods such as the wealthy as well as the poor are proud to wear. 



SANDLAND, CAPRON & CO., 



Manufacturers of Rolled Gold Plate and Sterling Silver Jewelry — Union Power 
Company's Building, No. 14 Chestnut St.; New York Office, No. 176 Broadway. 

This firm dates from the centennial year of the repuldic, 1876, and is composed of Messrs. 
Thomas G. Sandland, Henry E. Capron and Ira Richards, Mr. J. R. Palmer having charge of 
the New York office. No. 176 Broadway. The lactory, thoroughly equipped in all departments 
and employing from forty to forty-five hands, occupies the upper floor, 60x100 feet in area, of 
the Union Power Company's building. No. 14 Chestnut street. The concern manufactures a 
magnificent line of specialties in rolled gold plate and sterling silver, including all late and 
attractive styles of bracelets, bangles, ladies' sets, drops, lace and jersey pins, hair ornaments, 
etc., placing upon the market an unfailing succession of tasty novelties of tiieir own design and 
giving particular attention to new ideas in gentlemen's scarf pins — a class of work in which they 
excel. Sandland, Capron & Co.'s wide-awake travelers are constantly on the move among the 
jobbers and wholesales dealers, but buyers visiting New York are invited to inspect the stock 
at the salesroom No. 176 Broadway. 



2 14 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

J. G. CHEEVER & CO., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Whiting's Building, No. 130 Broad Street. 

Whiting's great three-story stone building, No. 130 Broad street, is a hive of industry such 
as is seldom found outside the large cities. Among the tenants, occupying one floor of an 
upper story 35x130 feet in area, is the above-named firm, established some years ago and 
composed of Messrs. James G. Cheever, H. E. Bailey and A. E. Bailey. The concern is well 
equipped with all the late improvements in machinery and appliances, steam power and 
adjuncts, employs about forty practical jewelers, and turns out large quantities of stylish and 
tasty goods in rolled gold plate, making leading specialties of chains- in all styles and bringing 
out a constant succession of elegant and attractive novelties. Their trade extends to all parts 
of the country and is principally with jobbers and wholesale dealers in jewelry and notions. 



F. L. SHEPAKDSON & CO., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — No. 67 East Street. 

Messrs. Frank L. and Isaac Shepardson formed their present copartnership about sixteen 
years ago, and under the style of F. L. Shepardson & Co., and have established an excellent reputa- 
tion and flourishing trade with the retail trade in jewelry throughout the United States, to whom 
the firm's courteous and obliging salesmen and beautiful goods are familiar. The leading special- 
ties are ladies' and gents' vest chains in infinite variety of styles commanding admiration and 
ready sale wherever shown. The factory, No. 67 East street, is a two-story-and-basement build- 
ing, 26 X 40 feet square, with detached L containing boiler and twenty-horse-power steam 
engine for driving the machinery, the latter embracing the newest and most approved devices in 
all departments. Forty hands are employed, and the output is quite large and of great aggre- 
gate value, comprising, in addition to the popular chains already referred to, a general line of art 
jewelry in rolled gold plate — b-'ooches, drops, pins of all kinds, sleeve links, collar and cuff but- 
tons and personal ornaments in constantly varying styles. 



THE WALCOTT MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



J. E. Walcott, President and Treasurer — Manufacturers of Jewelers' Machinery and 
Tools — Draper Building, No. 68 Broad Street. 

The Walcott Manufacturing Company was formed in 1889 for the purpose of supplying the 
jewelry interest with improved appliances. The machine shop — one of the finest in the country 
in the matter of appointments — is situated upon the immense 40 x 165 -foot ground floor of the 
Draper three-story frame building No. 68 Broad street. As yet the firm is only in the early 
stages of development — is making a business reputation as it were — and is not, of course, run- 
ning to anything like its full capacity, but a sufticient number of skilled mechanics are employed 
to execute orders as received, and others will be engaged as needed. Small machine work 
of any kind is contracted for and built in the best style, but the specialties comprise the latest 
and most perfect devices and special tools for jewelers' use, including double-acting power 
presses, both cam and crank, for gang tools, whereby thirty per cent, of stock is saved in cutting 
over the old style, together with all sizes and styles of single and double-acting power, foot, 
screw, hand and sub presses, etc., with any automatic feed required, either roll, ratchet, finger, 
or Walcott's patent positive, straight-fine, angular, vertical, horizontal or reversible feed that is 
warranted to feed practically to the one-thousandth part of an inch, and is used on planers as 
well as presses. They also build chain, setting, bead, ball button, cap and cartridge machinery 
with many new improvements; edging and trimming lathes; wire-drawing, straightening and 
cutting machines with automatic roll or slide feed, whereby any lengths can be accurately cut. 
They also have patterns and designs for many machines not mentioned here. The machinery 
made here is of the highest order of merit, and the house is steadily gaining the confidence and 
patronage of the trade all over the United States. 

AUGUST SCHILLING, 



Manufacturer of Fancy Gold, Gold Plate and Silver Chains — Draper's Building, 

No. 68 Broad St. 

Mr. Schilling, who started in business on his own account in 1890, occupies one floor of 
the Draper building. No. 68 Broad strefet, has a fine plant of improved special machinery and 
appHances, with steam power, and turns out large quantities of fancy chains of all sizes and 
kinds in gold, gold plate and silver, making specialties of the smaller and more intricate pat- 
terns. His products are taken principally by manufacturing jewelers, though wholesale and 
retail dealers handle considerable quantities. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 215 

O. M. DRAPER, 



Manufacturer of Rolled Plate, Fire Gilt and Nickel Chains — Richards' Building, Elm 
Street; New York Office, No. 18 Cortland Street; Chicago Office, No. 155 State 
Street. 

The jewelry and notion trade are no strangers to Mr. Draper's goods, as he is among the old 
and reliable manufacturers through whose industry and enterprise the rolled gold interest has 
been developed. He began here in 1862, and on a small scale, but by close application to 
business and experiment has not only contrih)uted much to perfecting processes and products, 
but built up a reputation and market that embraces every commercial center between the 
Atlantic and the Pacific. Mr. Draper's premises comprise one floor, 35 x 200 feet, of the 
Richards' three-story frame building on Elm street, and are fitted up with a complete plant of im- 
proved machinery and steam power. Ninety hands on an average are steadily employed, the output 
being distributed to jobbers everywhere through travelers and through the salesrooms, room 14, 
No. 18 Cortlandt street. New York, and No. 155 .State street, Chicago. The goods consist of 
superb lines of rolled plate, fire gilt and nickel chains, charms, swivels, etc., in late styles and 
embracing all popular novelties. 



T. E. HANCOCK & CO., 



Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Groceries, Crockery, Furniture, Wall Papers, 
Window Shades, Carpets, Flour, Grain, etc. — Corner Washington Street and 
Richards Avenue and No. 5 Anawan Block. 

This house was founded iri July, 1870, by Mr. T. E. Hancock, who continued to manage 
the same with success until about two years ago, when he sold out to his son, Mr. George A. 
Hancock", under whose competent direction the business is prosecuted under the former style but 
on a much larger scale than before. Mr. Hancock, junior, is one of North Attleboro's most 
enterprising business men, and, with H. M. Daggett, jr., established the North Attleboro Elec- 
tric Light Company, whose works supply light for Attleboro, North Attleboro and Plainville, 
and power for operating the Attleboro & North Attleboro street railway. Of that corporation 
Mr. Hancock was president for two years, and is still a large stockholder. Mr. Hancock's 
commercial enterprises are conducted in a comprehensive and characteristically energetic man- 
ner. His principal warerooms are situated at the corner of Washington street and Richards 
avenue, requiring for their accommodation the entire building, 40 x iio feet, three stories and 
basement. Here are shown immense stocks of choice groceries and shelf goods, crockery and 
glassware, lamps, flour, grain, etc., the upper floors being devoted to the largest and finest dis- 
play of furniture in all styles and grades ever seen in North Attleboro. The most extensive 
dealer in flour and grain hereabout, he buys in car-load lots at the west for spot cash, and in 
breadstufis as well as in the other commodities named is prepared to quote the very lowest 
prices. The elegant storeroom No. 5 Anawan block, appropriately named "The Only" carpet 
store, is full of attractions for housekeepers, as here is seen the finest exhibit of imported and 
domestic carpets, rugs, oil cloths, window shades, wall papers, pictures and picture frames, 
solid and plated silverware, etc., in the town. For the convenience of those interested, a por- 
tion of this store is set aside for the sale of dry and oil paints and colors, oils, window and plate 
glass, putty and painters' supplies generally. The trade and the public will find here everything 
they require in this line. 



INTERNATIONAL HOUSE. 



Henry Kern, Proprietor — Nos. 150 and 152 W^ashington Street. 

The International, established eleven years ago by Mr. Henry Kern, and still conducted by 
him, is the principal hotel now open in North Attleboro. The building is of wood, three stories 
in height, sixty feet front on Washington street, contains a neat office and reading-room, par- 
lors, dining-room, and twenty spacious, clean, neatly furnished and comfortable sleeping rooms, 
and is provided with hot and cold water, baths, steam heat, gas and electric lights, etc., with a 
telephone in the office. The post office, opera-house and railroad station are near by, and 
electric cars for Attleboro, Wrentham and other points pass within , a short distance. The accom- 
modations are first-class, and the table unsurpassed. Permanent boarders and transient guests 
alike receive the best of attention on reasonable terms, and special rates are made for commer- 
cial and theatrical patrons. North Attleboro voted to go dry this year, so there is no bar. The 
International market, adjacent to the hotel, is a new enterprise started last spring by Mr. Kern, 
and is kept fully stocked with choice meats, poultry, game, fruits, Swiss and American cheese, 
butter, eggs and sausages. 



2l6 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

H. F. BARROWS & CO., 



Makers of Fine Quality Plated Chain — Division Street, Corner Broad — Samples at 

No. I.] Maiden Lane, New York. 

Mr. H. F. Barrows, now president of the North Attleboro National Bank, estalilished this 
house in 1853. The present style was adopted in 1856, and on the retirement of Mr. Barrows, 
senior, his sons, Henry F., jr., and Ira, succeeded to the proprietorship. Ira Barrows resides in 
New York and manages the office and salesrooms at No. Lt Maiden lane, while Mr. H. F. 
Barrows, jr., lives in North Attleboro and has personal supervision of the factory • — ■ one of the 
most extensive and productive in the country, as is shown by the fact that 125 skilled and 
imskilled operatives are employed in the various departments, the plant of machinery, etc., 
driven by a fifty-horse-power steam engine, being housed in a frame building of one story, 30 x 
125 feet, at the corner of Broad and Division streets. The firm devote exclusive attention to 
the manufacture of fine quality rolled gold-plated chains for ladies' and gentlemen's wear, of 
which they produce an infinite variety of every description, bringing out a constant succession of 
novelties in styles and designs. Their goods, which are unsurpassed for beauty and excellence, 
are handled by the jobbing trade, sold by dealers and worn by all classes of people in this 
country, besides being exported largely to the Spanish- American repul^lics and Canada. 



BRISTOL CIGAR COMPANY. 



Frank O. Coombs, Bernard W. Wunder — Manufacturers, Wholesale and Retail 
Dealers in Fine Cigars, Tobacco, Smokers' Articles, etc. — No. 5 Anawan Block. 
Mr. Bernard W. Wunder, who established himself here two years ago last spring, is an 
experienced and skilllul practical cigar-maker and energetic, enterprising business man, who 
also gives his many customers pleasant business calls at different times during the year. March 
14 last he formed a copartnership with Mr. Frank O. Coombs, a wide-awake, capable and pro- 
gressive man, and formerly a partner in the firm of Frank Mauser & Co., silversmiths. No. 30 
Union square. New York. Mr. Coombs will in the future devote his undivided eftbrts to the ad- 
vancement of the new firm's interests, and his wide acquaintance, industry and popularity augur 
well for a prosperous career. The Bristol cigar store occupies the capacious store No. 5 Anawan 
block, in the heart of the business district, is elegantly fitted up and heavily stocked with choice 
goods, embracing the best and most popular grades of fine imported, Key West and domestic 
cigars, smoking and chewing tobacco, pipes and smokers' articles of every description, which 
are offered to the trade and consumers in large or small quantities at prices as low as can be 
quoted in Boston or New York for similar grades. They also employ several superior workmen 
and manufacture certain favorite brands of their own, among which the "Bristol," "American 
Eagle" and "Henry Clay" are especially worthy the attention of fastidious smokers. The 
Bristol Cigar Company has a flourishing and rapidly increasing trade in this and adjoining States, 
and leaves nothing undone to merit the confidence of dealers and consumers. 



NORTH ATTLEBOROUGH NATIONAL BANK. 



Henry F. Barrows, President ; Edward R. Price, Cashier — No. 144 Washington St. 

First and last this institution has a history that covers a period of more than half a century. 
Originally incorporated as a State bank in 1836, it continued to do business as the Attleborough 
Bank until 1865, when a reorganization was effected and a charter secured as the Attleborough 
National Bank. Upon the expiration of that charter, in 1885, a second reorganization took 
place and the name was changed to the North Attleborough National Bank, for the reason that 
it was situated in the northern part of the township, since set apart as North Attleborough. The 
oldest surviving officer is Cashier Price, who entered the old Attleborough Bank as a clerk 
many years ago and has a long and enviable record of faithful and capable service both in this 
institution and the Attleborough Savings Bank, of which he is treasurer. The following named 
prominent business men are directors of the North Attleborough National Bank: Henry F. Bar- 
rows, president; Joseph U. Sweet, of R. F. Simmons & Co.,- manufacturing jeweleis, Attle- 
borough Falls; Roswell Blackinton, of R. Blackinton & Co., manufacturing jewelers, North 
Attleborough; Wm. H. Wade, of Wade, Davis & Co., manufacturing jewelers, Plainville; 
Edwin Whiting; Handel N. Daggett, treasurer of the Gold Medal Braid Company, Attle- 
borough Falls; E. R. Price, cashier; Frank M. Whiting, of F. M. Whiting & Co., manu- 
facturers of silverware; Samuel E. Fisher, of S. E. Fisher & Co., manufacturing jewelers. 
North Attleborough; J. D. Lincoln, of Lincoln, Bacon & Co., manulacturing jewelers, Plain- 
ville. The North Attleborough National, capital stock $150,000, surplus fund $30,000, oc- 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



217 



cupies handsome apartments on the second floor of the three-story brick Bank buildmg, No. 
144 Washington street, where a general banking business is transacted and where special, prompt 
and courteous attention is given to deposits, loans, discounts, exchange and collections. The 
appended report ot" May 4, 1891, shows the sound condition of the institution: 



RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts 

U.S. bonds to secure circulation 

Stocks, securities, claims, etc 

Due from approved reserve ag-ents 

Due from other National banks 

Banking house, furniture and fixtures.... 

Current expenses and taxes paid 

Premiums on U. S. bonds 

Checks and other cash items 

Bills of other banks 

Fractional paper currency, nickels and 

cents 

Specie 

Legal-tender notes 

Redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 

per cent, of circulation) 

Due from L'. S. Treasurer, other than 5 
per cent, redemption fund 



Total. 



$478,045 


28 


57,500 
54,916 
39.624 


00 
67 
88 


7,824 


20 


15.791 


65 


2.2og 
7,(:83 


26 
12 


759 


30 


2,312 


00 


686 


39 


9,147 


30 


8,000 


00 


1,687 


50 


500 


00 


$666,692 


55 



LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock paid in .$150,00000 

Surplus fund 30.000 00 

llndivided profits 30,984 37 

National banknotes outstanding- 33,75000 

Individual deposits subject to check.... 393,213 74 

Demand certificates of deposit 10,835 90 

Due to other National banks 15,947 87 

Due to State banks and bankers 1,960 67 



Total $666,692 



55 



A. H. BLISS & CO. 



Manufacturers of Cable and Machine Chain — Draper Building, No. 68 Broad St. 

A. H. Bliss & Co. establi.shed themselves here in 1888. Mr. Bliss, the present sole pro- 
prietor, is an experienced practical chain manufacturer and has contributed not a little toward 
bringing the art to the wonderful perfection it has attained. His factory, situated upon the 
upper floor of the Draper building. No. 68 Broad street, is one of the best equipped in the 
world, much of the machinery being of special design and construction and all driven by steam. 
His specialties include high class cable and machine chains in rolled gold, silver, German silver 
and brass — vest, guard, and locket chains, chains for ladies and gentlemen, eye-glass chains, 
curb chains, etc. — which are disposed of to manufacturing jewelers, jobbers, wholesale jewelers 
and the notion trade. 



BUGBEE & NILES, 



Manufacturers of Solid Gold Jewelry and Imitation Diamond Work — Whiting's 
Building, No. 130 Broad Street; New York, No. 176 Broadway; Chicago, No. 
155 State Street. 

This house, one of the most widely and favorably known in the trade, was founded in 
i860 by C. E. Smith, to whom Bugbee & Niles (Samuel H. Bugbee and Gardner 
H. Niles) succeeded in 1888. The factory is a splendidly appointed one, containing 
everything adapted to the business, including much that is of a special nature, and 
is situated upon an upper floor of Whiting's great three-story stone building, No. 130 
Broad street. Here are employed from thirty to forty hands, not a few of whom are 
expert jewelers, and all are kept busy on orders from jobbers for the superior goods made, 
which embrace full lines of solid gold jewelry in rings, bracelets, bangles, necklaces, lace, scarf 
and bar pins, drops, studs, etc., of exqui.site design and finish, with and without imitation 
stones. The house is represented in New York by F. P. Scofield, No. 176 Broadway; in 
Chicago by H. L. Joseph, No. 155 State street. 



C. E. SANDLAND & CO., 



Manufacturers of Silver Jewelry and Novelties in Silver 

Broad Street. 



Draper Building, No. 68 



Mr. Charles E. Sandland, a son of Thomas G. Sandland of .Sandland, Capron c^- Co., was 
formerly a traveling jewelry salesman and later general manager of the Bay State Silver Com- 
pany (now Curtis & Wilkinson). On the first of July last he bought out J. E. Draper & Co. — 
established in 1883 — and started in business for himself under the style of C. E. Sandland & 

15 



2l8 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

Co. He occupies the first floor, 40 x 165 feet, of the three-story frame Draper building No. 68 
Broad street, equipped with steam power and a complete outfit of fine improved machinery, 
employs from thirty-five to forty people in the various departments, and, when necessary, can 
produce more than $50,000 worth of goods per annum, his specialties embracing every descrip- 
tion of sterling silver jewelry and novelties in silver, of exquisite design and elegant workman- 
ship — solid goods of substantial service and value, such as rings, chains, hair pins and 
ornaments, thimbles, napkin rings, bonbon boxes, pocket match safes and small fancy articles 
generally in silver. New York office and salesroom, No. 23 John street. 



THE ATTLE BOROUGH SAVINGS BANK. 



Abiel Codding, President; George A. Dean, Vice-President; Edward R. Price, 
Treasurer — Bank Building, No. 144 Washington St. 

The Attleborough Savings Bank is one of the most honored ant! reliable representatives of 
a fiduciary system which, in the solid benefits it has conferred, more especially upon the indus- 
trious and economical poor, has never been equaled in the history of banking. Organized and 
incorporated in i860, extraordinary caution has marked its entire career, and while it has paid 
its depositors hundreds of thousands in interest and dividends, not one of its patrons has ever 
lost a penny through any fault of the management. Nor has it been found necessary at any 
time to take advantage of a stay law or in any way to delay payment of deposits when called 
for. The board of trustees is composed of sound and conservative business men, as follows: 
Abiel Codding (president), Randolph Knapp, J. R. Bronson, J. H. Sturdy, Joseph E. Pond, 
S. E. Fisher, J. D. Lincoln, Fred. E. Sturdy, B. S. Freeman, Jos. G. Borden, George A. 
Dean, Edward R. Price (treasurer, cashier of North Attleborough National Bank), A. E. 
Codding, B. Porter, jr., E. I. P'ranklin and J. L. Sweet. The otBces, occupied jointly with 
the North Attleborough National Bank, are situated on the second floor of the Bank building, 
N-o. 144 Washington street, and are commodious and handsomely appointed. Substantially 
the same rules govern this as other savings banks in Massachusetts, and depositors have the 
same rights and privileges. The subjoined statement shows the condition of the bank at the 
close of business April 23, 1891 : 

LIABILITIES. RESOURCES. 

Deposits 925,27748 Real estate loans 4.3?. 474 85 

Guaranty fund 35,40000 Personal " 338.12500 

Surplus earnings 20,20561 Public funds 106,50000 

Interest.... 19,70403 R. R. bonds and loar»s on same 88,00000 

Bank stock 12,30000 

Real estate 20.273 67 

Deposits in banks 21.653 n 

Expense 1,261 44 



Total $1,000, 



Total $1,000,588 07 



DEMAREST & BRADY, 



Manufacturers of Fine Plated Jewelry — Whiting's Building, No. 128 Broad Street. 

G. Demarest & Co. began the manufacture of jewelry at Plainville eighteen to twenty years 
ago. The subsequent changes in style were first to Demarest & Fisher, then to Demarest & 
Packard, and finally to Demarest c\: Brady — George Demarest and Bernard B. Brady — who 
removed to North Attleboro and now occupy one floor 35 x 115 feet in the great Whiting 
building No. 128 Broad street, where they have a well-appointed factory and employ from 
twenty-five to forty work people in the manufacture of fine rolled gold plate commodities, mak- 
ing specialties of cuff pins, sleeve links, lace, bar, jersey, cuff and scarf pins, brooches, bangles, 
ear drops, chains, etc. These goods, to the value of $40,000 to $50,000 per annum, are dis- 
posed of by salesmen to eastern and western jobbers, and by them distrilnited to the jewelry and 
notion trade everywhere. 



R. BLACKINTON & CO. 



Manufacturers of Solid Gold, Silver and Plated Jewelry — Whitney Building, No. 32 
Chestnut Street; New York Office, No. 182 Broadway. 

The firm of R. Blackinton & Co. is one of the old reliables, established aliout 1862, and is 
composed of Messrs. Roswell Blackinton and Walter Ballou, the senior member a director of the 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



219 



North Attleboro National Bank and prominent in business and social circles. Mr. Ballou, a 
thorough practical jeweler, looks after the factory. The office and salesroom are situated at No. 
182 Broadway, New York, where buyers visiting the city are invited to call and examine a 
superb line of samples that embraces all the late popular novelties in solid gold, silver and 
plated jewelry in every grade and style, suited to the wants of all markets and both sexes. The 
factory occupies one- floor, 60x200 feet, of the big three-story Whitney brick building, No. 32 
Chestnut street, and is -thoroughly fitted up with the newest and most effective machinery and 
appliances, the firm giving employment to about 100 skilled and unskilled operatives, and deal- 
ing for the most part with eastern, western and southern jobbers. In response to a growing 
demand, Messrs. Blackinton & Co are making more silver novelties than heretofore. 



E. S. CARGILL. 



Grist and Planing Mill — Dealer in Grain, Meal, Feed, Lumber and Building Mate- 
rials — Nos. 10, 12, II and 13 Chestnut Street. 

Mr. Cargill has been engaged in business here for twenty years, is one of the most liberal 
and public-spirited of North Attleboro's citizens, popular with all classes and known personally 
to almost if not quite every resident. His grist mill and grain warehouse, Nos. 10 and 12 
Chestnut street, comprise a three-story frame building, 40x60 feet, thoroughly equipped with 





milling and grain handling machinery, with commodious yards, outbuildings, etc., in connection. 
A spur track enters the l)uilding. On the opposite side of the street is the new planing, sawing 
and moulding mill, and the lumlier-yard is near the Old Colony railroad depot. A filty-horse- 
power steam engine drives both mills, and from thirty to forty men are employed in all, so it 
may safely be presumed that a flourishing business is done. Most of the corn, cornmeal, cracked 
corn and mixed feed consumed hereabout is supplied by Mr. Cargill, who is also the leading 
dealer in lumber and manufacturer of mouldings and house finish. Orders are promptly filled 
for anything in his line, including grain and its products, hay, straw, spruce, pine and hemlock 
lumlier in the rough or dressed, mouldings, gutters, rails, flooring, clapl)oards, wood and mar- 
ble mantels; inside and outside linish, walnut, oak, ash, cherry and other hard woods; brick, 
lime, cement, plaster, plasterers' hair, etc. 

In addition to his other callings Mr. Cargill is an extensive contractor and builder, makes 
plans and estimates on application, and carries full lines of builders' hardware. 



CUTLER & LULL, 



Makers of Gold Jewelry — Jay Street, near Elm. 
This is one of the ccn jaratively ftw concerns in this part of the country engaged in the man- 
ufacture of strictly genuine gold jewelry on a large scale. Messrs. Frank H. Cutler ar.d Wm. E. 
Lull formed their present copartnership in i??o, rrd cccv) y -with a well-equipped factoiy the 
second floor of Ccc'dirg Fios." 1 uiklirg on Jay street near hhn, where they prce'v:ce beautiful 
and salable goods, enlircirg the latest and nest atlrrctive styles of brcoches, bracelets, 
bangles, lockets, neck chains, collar luttons, links, s-carf, lace, lar, jersey and cuff pins, firger 
rings, all kinds of tarrirgs — in a word, every descripticn of fine folid gold ornaments except 
chains. Jobbers and dealers at wholesale all over the United .'^'lates hrr.dle these ccn mccities 
and find them in steady request. 



220 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



J. J. & J. M. RICHARDS, 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Richards' Building No. 2, Elm Street; New York Office, 

No. 194 Broadway. 

Messrs. James J. and James M. Richards, who occupy the lower floor, 40x80 feet, of the 
three-story frame Richards building \o. 2, on Elm street, are among the old-estalilished and 
reliable jewelry manufacturers of North Attleboro, where they have been engaged in business 
for a quarter of a century. Their facilities are first-class in all respects and comprise a com- 
plete outfit of modern machinery of the most perfect kind, suited to the rapid and econom- 
ical production of their specialties, which comprise the best grades and latest novelties in rolled 
gold plate sleeve buttons and links, studs, bracelets, bangles, etc., sales to johliers for the do- 
mestic and export trade ranging in amount from $25,000 to $30,000 annually, the works giv- 
ing employment to about twenty hands. The principal office and salesrooms are situated at No. 
194 Broadway, New York, where buyers are cordially invited to call, inspect samples and prices, 
and leave their orders. 



JOHN P. BONNETT, 



Electroplater and Colorer of Jewelry and Watch Cases — No. 40 Elm Street. 

'• Mr. John P. Konnett, one of the best known, most largely experienced and most expert elec- 
troplaters in this country, was for a number of years in charge of the plating works of the Ames 

Company of Chicopee, and 
subsequently with F. G. 
Whitney & Co. until 1880, 
uhen he went into business 
on his own account. His 
premises at No. 40 Elm 
street comjirise two frame 
buildings — the works proper, 
one and a -half stories, 25 x 
57 feet, and an annex of one 
story, 20 X 30 feet. His 
equipment, which is first- 
class and embraces all 
modern improved electro- 
plating apparatus, includes 
several powerful dynamos 
driven by a twenty-horse- 
power steam engine, baths 
and other appropriate appli- 
ances. About twenty skilled hands are emphn'ed and kept busy on orders for high-grade elec- 
tro-plating of all kinds, the specialties covering every description of plating for jewelers, cutlers, 
tableware manufacturers, arms manufacturers, watch-case makers, etc., throughout the eastern 
and middle States, the patronage from the trade in this vicinity being expecially liberal. All 
work done here is of thj best quality. Watch-cases are platc-d by an entirely new process and 
fully warranted. 




YOUNG & STERN, 



Manufacturers of Fine Rolled Plated Chains, Necklaces, etc. — Whiting's Building, 

No. 130 Broad Street. 

Young lv; Bennett, the founders of this house in 1870, built up a widespread fame and a pros- 
perous trade based upon the merit of their productions, not the least notable of which are the 
celebrated gold filled 14-K. " Pioneer " chains, equal in appearance to solid gold and of the 
highest order as regards design, workmanship and finish. In January, 1888, Mr. Bennett retired 
and a new firm was organizetl, composed of Messrs. Charles P. Young and Lewis Stern. The 
factory, situated on the ground floor, 35 x 250 feet, of the great three-story brick Whiting 
building, No. 130 Broad street, is thoroughly equipped in all departments and employs from 
filty to sixty hands, the machinery plant being driven by steam. The output, which is very large 
and valuable, comprises, besides the " Pioneer" chains already mentioned, an endless variety of 
rolled gold plate chains of fine quality for ladies' and gentlemen's wear, necklaces, charms, etc., 
which are supplied to jobbers and the wholesale trade at short notice and at favorable prices. 



INLAND MASSACHUSErrS ILLUSTRATED. 22 1 

CODDING BROTHERS. 



Manufacturers of Jewelry — Jay Street, Near Elm; New York Office and Salesroom, 

No. 237 Broadway. 

The firm of Codding Bros., estqhlished 1879, is composed of Messrs. Arthur E., James A., 
■and Edwin A. Codding. The senior member is town treasurer and a trustee of the Attleboro 
Savings Bank. They erected the Codding building, frame, three stories, 35x80 feet, on Jay 
street near Elm, and occupy the ground floor for factory purposes. It is provided with a com- 
plete modern outfit of rolling, stamping and pressing machinery, steam power and all requisite 
adjuncts, and, with about twenty-hve hands, produces over $20,000 worth of goods per annum, 
the specialties embracing the latest designs in rolled gold bracelets and bangles. The firm have 
several energetic salesmen on the road and supply jobbers in all the leading trade centers of the 
United States and Canada. Their New York office and salesroom are at No. 237 Broadway, 
where buyers are invited to call and examine goods and prices. 



CO-OPERATIVE MANUFACTURING JEWELERS. 



Adolph Newhaus? President and Treasurer; James Leary, Secretary; Benjamin 
Crandall, Salesman — Gold and Silver Plated Jewelry and Novelties — Draper's 
Building, No. 68 Broad Street. 

This is a joint stock association of practical working jewelers, organized in February last 
■with $8,000 capital — ten shares of $800 each, held by Messrs. Adolph Newhaus, James F. 
Leary, Beniamin Crandall, Stephen Donnell, George Donnell, Fred Franz, Frank Panucker, 
Charles F. Pardee, Joseph Klebs and John McCann. They have got only fairly started as yet, 
and are occupying for factory purposes a floor in Draper's liuilding. No. 68 Broad street, but 
their equipment is entirely new and of the most approved construction; they employ about forty 
hands under the personal supervision of the stockholders, and there is ample reason to antici- 
pate that the enterprise will prove a very successful on?, as they are aheady filling generous 
orders from jobljers in the principal traile centers. The as'-ociation's specialties embrace a 
general line of novelties in gold, sterhng silver and rolled gold and silver plate, including jew- 
elry and fancy articles — chains, brooches, lace, hair and scarf pins, sleeve links and buttons, col- 
lar buttons, studs, pocket match safes, hand mirrors, ash trays, napkin rings, etc., in artistic 
■style. 



ATTLEBOROUGH FALLS. 



Attleborough Falls is situated in the town of North Attleborougli, a few miles 
from the center, with which it is connected by electric railway. It is a bustling 
village and a prominent seat of the jewelry industry. A branch of the Old Col- 
ony railroad extends from Attleboro Center to the Falls. 



V. H. BLACKINTON & CO., 



Manufacturers of Society Goods in Metal, Jewelry, Novelties, etc. — Commonwealth 

Avenue, near Old Colony Railroad Depot. 

More than forty years ago Mr. W II. Blackinton, one of the pioneers of the jewelry industry 
in this part of the country, established himself at Attleboro P"alls and by close attention to busi- 
ness through a long series of years built up a first-class reputation and a trade extending to all 
sections of the Union. After Mr. Blackinton's death in 1888 the control devolved upon his 
widow, Mrs. E. W. Blackinton, who formed a copartnership with Mr. E. B. Wilmarth and 
continued the business under the present style. Mr. Wilmarth, who has had many years' practical 
experience in this industry, ]ias]iersonal charge of the shops and sales department. The tactory 
is situated on Commonwealth avenue near the Old Colony railroad depot and occupies both 
floors of a two-story frame building 30 x 80 feet square, fitted up with a complete equipment ot 
special machinery and steam power and employing about twenty-five hands. Sales, principally 
to the jobbing trade, range from $20,000 to $25,000 per annuni. The firm's specialties cover 
a wide range, embracing every description of society goods in metal, jewelry and novelties, 
particular attention being given to society goods in m:tal, jewelry and novelties trom standartl 
and original designs, and japanning with the finest and nicest durable of black japans. Corre- 



222 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

spondence is solicited andestimates are furnished. Orders promptly filled for G. A. R. wreaths, 
rank straps and chevrons; S. V. and A. O. II. wreaths; sword, swivels and hooks; shoulder 
straps and other military goods; fireman, porter and elevator badges to order; metal letters 
and figures; police breast badges to order; plates with figures, (two sizes ), special styles for 
car drivers and conductors; ribbon badge pins: safety pins, (Salus) patented; society lapel 
buttons; hat slides and hatters' goods; key rings in brass and tempered steel; plain compasses; 
hinges and fasteners for plush and leather cases; eye glass hooks; dies and tools furnished. 



THE MASON JEWELRY COMPANY. 



S. D. Mason, General Manager — Manufacturers of Jewelry — Freeman's Building, 

Commonwealth Avenue. 

Mason, Draper & Co. were the founders of this concern, and were succeeded by the Mason 
Jewelry Company, of which Mr. S. D. Mason took charge as general manager. The factory, 
occupying an upper floor of the Freeman building on Commonwealth avenue, is capacious and 
well appointed in all respects, the facilities embracing steam power and a complete outfit of 
machinery, and from ten to fifteen operatives being employed. The house makes a general line 
of handsome and salable jewelry, the specialties comprising the latest novelties in patent spring 
and coil bracelets from rolled gold plate, sterling silver bangles, bead necklaces, lace and scarf 
pins, brooches in fine enamel, and many other articles of utility and ornament. 



MASON & CO., 



Manufacturers of Society Emblems — Freeman's Building, Commonwealth Avenue. 
Society and club officials in want of emblematical badges, pins, buttons, etc., will find it 
profitable in every way to correspond with F. Mason & Co., which firm, established in 1889, 
occupies one floor of the Freeman building, controls superior facilities, and has the advantage of 
long experience and unusual skill in the designing department, Mr. Frederick Mason having 
charge of the business. Ten or twelve men are employed, and a vast deal of fine work in rolled 
gold plate is turned out for the trade and to order, special commissions receiving the preference. 



R. P. SIMMONS & CO., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Commonwealth Avenue ; New York Office and Salesrooms, 

Nos. 41 and 43 Maiden Lane. 

This house, established in 1873 and composed of Messrs. R. F. .Simmons, Edgar L. Hixon, 
and Joseph L. Sweet, ranks with the most extensive manufacturers of rolled gold goods in the 
United States. The factory occupies the greater portion of Freeman's large three-story 60 x 120- 
foot frame building on Commonwealth avenue, and is fitted up with a superb equipment of 
special machinery designed for making chains of every description, tools and appliances of the 
latest style, steam power, and all facilities for the production of superior goods in large quanti- 
ties. An idea may be obtained of the volume of business done from the number of hands 
employed, which is seldom less than 150. The firm confines its attention almost exclusively to 
the manufacture of gold stock plated chains in endless variety — vest chains, guard chains, fob 
chains, neck chains, chain bracelets, necklaces, every conceivable kind of chain worn by either 
sex and all ages — together with a beautiful line of solid gold lockets and seals in an infinitude of 
styles and designs. A unique feature of this firm's business is that they manufacture every ring, 
swivel and appendage of whatever nature used on their goods in their own factory, thereby 
enabling them to guarantee the ciuality of their goods entire as no competitor can. R. F. Sim- 
mons & Co. sell to jobbers generally throughout the country, who are served by traveling sales- 
men, but in addition they maintain an office and salesrooms at Nos. 41 and 43 Maiden lane. 
New York, where full lines of their goods are shown, and where the trade are invited to call 
when in the city and inspect samples and price-lists. 



STANLEY BROTHERS, 



Manufacturers of Ladies' and Gentlemen's Rolled Plate Chains — High Street, near 

Commonwealth Avenue. 

This house was founded in 1S71 by Stanley Brothers & Co. — .Stephen and Benjamin Stanley 
and E. C. Knapp. The latter retired after two years, and the brothers Stanley have since con- 
tinued business under the present style. Provided with as complete an outfit of chain-making 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



223 



machinery as there is in the vicinty, the firm occupy the lower floor and two Ls of the 30 x 100- 
foot two-story frame structure on High street near Commonwealth avenue, employ from twenty 
to forty skilled work people, and obtain steam and water power from the Gold Medal 
Braid Company, which, by the way, controls the third most extensive water privilege in the 
State. Messrs. Stanley confine their attention exclusively to the manufacture of rolled gold 
plate chams for ladies'' and gentlemen's wear — goods that for beauty of design and finish and 
general excellence have few rivals and no superiors. They are handled by the trade all over this 
continent, and the demand keeps pace with the supply, sales from the factory to jobbers and 
wholesale dealers ranging from $75,000 to $100,000 per annum. Both members of the firm are 
practical workmen. They require the services of but one traveler. 



W. BARNETT, 



Machinist and Tool-Maker — Manufacturer of Jewelers' Tools and Machinery, 
Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers, etc. — No. 53 Commonwealth Avenue. 

About 1S60 Wilcox & Mason bought out Oliver Stanley's machine shop in rear of the braid 
anill. In 1865 Mr. Washington Barnett purchased Mr. Mason's interest and up to 1881 was 

junior partner in the firm of Wilcox & Barnett. 
Then Mr. Wilcox retired, and Mr. Barnett has 
since continued the business alone. His shop 
was destroyed by fire in the autumn of 1888, and 
in March following he fitted up and opened his 
present establishment in rear of his residence, No. 
53 Commonwealth avenue. The building is a 
one-and-a-half-story frame structure 22 x 32 feet, 
and equipped with the usual outfit of lathes, etc., 
driven by a neat three-horse-power steam engine. 
Mr. Barnett is prepared to fill at short notice and 
in the very best manner all orders for the con- 
struction and repair of jewelers' machinery and 
^ft tools of every description, shafting, pulleys, hang- 
ers, etc. Prices are reasonable and work guar- 
anteed. Mr. Barnett is also agent for the Shipman 
automatic steam engine of one, two, three, four 
and five-horse-power, using kerosene oil for fuel, 
costing little, and specially adapted to the propul- 
sion of small marine craft as well as to the use of printers, farmers, manufacturers, and others. 




J. F. STURDY & SONS, 



Manufacturers of Gold Stock Plated Chains — No. 8 Mill Street. 

Mr. John F. Sturdy founded this well-known house over thirty years ago, and for a long 
time was sole proprietor. The firm of J. F. Sturdy & Co. was then formed, which survived un- 
til 1879, when Messrs. Fred E., Herbert K. and Frank M. Sturdy were admitted and the pres- 
ent style adopted. Messrs. J. F. Sturdy & Sons occupy one entire floor and half of another of 
the Daggett building. No. 8 Mill street — 3,600 square feet of floor space — and employ fifty 
workmen. Their machinery plant is complete and is driven by either steam or water as desired, 
the building standing on the bank of Ten-Mile river, with which it is connected by a raceway. 
The firm manufacture a great variety of gold stock plated chains for all purposes, including 
men's vest and guard chains, ladies' Victoria and neck chains, eyeglass and children's chains, 
etc., and are constantly bringing out fresh novelties in that line, besides making a leading spec- 
ialty of gold tip curbs of elegant design and superior workmanship. They sell to jobbers gen- 
erally and deal direct with manufacturing jewelers. 



W. D. FISHER & CO., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Daggett Building, No. 8 Mill Street. 

The Daggett building. No. 8 Mill street, is a three-story frame structure, 30x80 feet square, 
and is provided with both steam and water power. One floor is occupied by W. D. Fisher & 
Co., whose machinery plant is complete and who employ about fifty hands, making specialties 
of spring swivels, spring rings, and chain trimmings of all kinds, in rolled gold, plate and ster- 
ling silver. These goods are supplied to manufacturing jewelers and jol)bers generally, and are 
in high repute with the trade. 

The firm is composed of Messrs. Wm. D. Fisher, Wm. A. Fisher and M. A. Mackreth, 
energetic, progressive and successful business men. 



224 



INLAND iMASSACHUSElTS ILLUSTRATED. 




UJ 

ft 

H 
UJ 

1 2 



i) 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



225 



GOLD MEDAL BRAID COMPANY. 



Handel N. Daggett, Harvey Clap — Manufacturers of Worsted, Silk, Linen and 
Cotton Braids — High Street, opposite Commonwealth Avenue. 

The Gold Medal ■ Braid Company was incorporated in 1879. In March, 1891, Messrs- 
Handel N. Daggett and Harvey Clap became sole proprietors of the mill, and are now con- 
ducting it as a firm, under the original style. The plant, situated on Ten-mile river, consists- 
of a massive five-story stone building, 60x180 feet in dimensions, fitted up with a compre- 
hensive equipment that includes 1500 braiding machines, driven by combined steam and water 
power. The working force varies at times from seventy-five to one hundred and fifty, and 
the output, valued at $150,000 and upward annually, is sold in every city and town in the 
United States, besides being exported to some extent. It is popularly known under the names 
"Golden Fleece" and "Atlas," and embraces the choicest grades of worsted, dress and 
alpaca, silk, linen and cotton star, braided silk and cotton braids of all widths and styles for 
dress, coat and vest bindings and other purposes. 

Mr. Daggett was treasurer and Mr. Clap secretary of the company when operating as a cor- 
poration, and are experienced, capable and successful Inisiness men. The Willimantic Linen 
Company of Boston and New York are the selling agents. 



B. S. FREEMAN & CO., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Freeman's Buildings, Commonwealth Avenue; New York 

. Office, No. 194 Broadway. 

Freeman's buildings, situated on Commonwealth avenue, may fairly be called the industrial 
center of Attleboro Falls, since most of the business of the place is carried on in them. They 
comprise two French-roofed three-story structures, one of brick, 30x50 feet, the other frame, 60 

xioo feet. The firm of B. S. 
Freeman & Co. occupy all of 
the smaller and a portion of the 
larger buildings, both of which 
are provided with steam power. 
They have a splendid outfit of 
modern improved machinery, 
employ trom thirty to forty care- 
fully selected artificers and as- 
sistants, and make leading 
specialties of ladies' and gen- 
tlemen's rolled gold plate 
chains, ladies' chain bracelets 
and necklaces, in an infinite va- 
riety of patterns, including all 
the latest and most attractive novelties. The output of this house, large in volume and value, 
is disposed of exclusively to the jobbing trade, by whom dealers all over the country are Sup- 
plied. The firm, composed of B. Stanley Freeman, senior, and B. Stanley Freeman, junior, 
was founded forty years ago by the elder Mr. Freeman. The house has an elegant office and 
salesroom at No. 194 Broadway, New York, where full lines of samples are shown, and where 
buyers are invited to call. 




P. W. WEAVER & CO., 



and 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Robinson Building No. 3, Corner Union Street 

Bailey Avenue, Attleboro. 
The copartnership l)etween Messrs. F. W. Weaver and Harry P. Kent dates from 1883, 
when they established themselves in Attleboro and began building up a trade that has made' 
the firm name familiar all over the United States. Their .factory, thoroughly equipped in all de- 
partments, occupies one floor, 50x90 feet in area, of the big four-story brick Robinson building 
No. 3, corner of Union street and Bailey avenue, where they employ, as required, from thirty 
to fifty skilled operatives, and manufacture goods to the value of $50,000 and upward annual- 
ly. Their specialties include all the latest novelties in high grade rolled gold lace pins, scarf pins, 
drops, charms, gold plate and sterling silver hair pins, etc., which they supply to the jobbing 
trade direct from the office here. They have constantly on the road several alert and success- 
ful salesmen, and are steadily enlarging the scope and volume of their transactions. 

16 



2 26 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

MANSFIELD. 



MANSFIELD lies on the northern border of Bristol county, and is bounded 
on the east by Easton, on the west by North Attleboro, on the south by 
Norton, and on the north by Foxboro, Norfolk county. Area, 12,913 acres. It 
was set apart as a separate parish from Norton in 1732, and in April, 1770, made 
an independent town by act of the General Court. The town has always acquitted 
herself with credit in time of war or upon other occasions when patriotism and 
benevolence were appealed to. The present town-house, a spacious and tasty 
frame structure in the colonial style, was erected in 1882, and contains, besides 
the usual conveniences, a spacious high-school room. Iron ore was at one time 
■ obtained in considerable quantities within the limits of the town, but for some 
reason mining was abandoned. There is good reason to believe there is plenty 
of coal of inferior quality beneath the surface, but the vein has never been de- 
veloped. The Boston & Providence and New Bedford, Taunton & Framingham 
railroads intersect each other at Mansfield village. The industries comprise the 
manufacture of jewelry, woolen goods, machine knives, awls and shoe knives, 
steam windlasses, taps and dies, spindles, monuments, coffin trimmings, castings, 
baskets, soap, saleratus, etc. The villages are Mansfield Center, \\'est Mansfield 
and Whiteville. Population, 3,432. 



C. D. LYONS & CO. 



Manufacturers of Solid Gold, Sterling Silver and Rolled Gold Plate Jewelry — Spring 

Street. 

The above-named house, composed of Messrs. Charles D. Lyon and Frederick Paine, was 
established in 1888, employs from thirty to forty skilled jewelers and assistants, and last year 
made and sold over $30,000 worth of fine goods in all grades, including original novelties in 
catchy styles and great variety. Their premises comprise the two upper floors of the Kingman 
& Hodges three-story frame Iniilding, 40x80 feet with L, on Spring street, near the Rumford 
river, from which stream a canal supplies water for a turbine wheel, which, with a ste.am engine, 
drives their complete machinery equipment. The firm employs several energetic and successful 
traveling salesmen, and Mr. Lyons himself is pretty constantly on the road, so that they hardly 
know what a "dull season" is. The product of the works embraces almost every description 
of standard jewelry in solid gold, solid silver and rolled gold plate, together with new designs 
in pins, brooches, etc. They also control the patent and manufacture the famous "Lorimer" 
bracelet and glove buttoner, in solid gold and silver and rolled gold and silver plate. Orders 
are promptly filled. 



PULLER CARRIAGE COMPANY, 



Manufacturers and jobbers of Fine Carriages and Wagons, Harnesses, Robes and 
Horse Furnishings — Carriage and Sign Painting and General Repairing — School 
Street. 

The carriage making business here was started by Mr. H. D. Fuller in 1884, and he was 
succeeded in 1887 by his sons, Messrs. H. C. and Edgar \V., who prospered to such an extent 
that early in the present year it was decided to accept the proposition of Mr. W. B. Hodges for 
admission and organize a company, which, however, has not been incorporated. The shops 
occupy a two-story frame structure, 30x48 feet in area, and'give employment to about a dozen 
wood workers, blacksmiths, painters and trimmers. Adjoining is the new repository recently 
erected, frame, two-stories, 32x50 feet, where is shown a large and carefully selected assort- 
ment of superior vehicles — coupes, rockaways surreys, buggies, road wagons, phaetons, con- 
cords, democrats, sleighs, etc. — from the most reputable Ameslniry manufacturers. They are 
also general dealers in harness, robes, rugs, blankets, whips, lirushes, and every description of 
horse, carriage and stable furnishings. 

In their own shops the company build a superior line of light express and delivery wagons, 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 227 

and make repairs of all kinds, skillfully and at short notice. They also make specialties of car- 
riage and sign painting to order. All work done in the best style and warranted. The Messrs. 
Fuller and Hodges are young, energetic and enterprising, skillful and upright, and deserve the 
confidence and patronage of the community. 



GEORGE A. ROBINSON, 



Manufacturer of Cutlery — William Street, \A^est Mansfield. 

In the year 1842 Robert McMoran and Robert Fulton, copartners, began the manufacture of 
knives and shoemakers' awls in a factory on the west side of the thoroughfare now known as 
Rumford avenue. After nineteen years of reasonable prosperity the firm dissolved in 1861 and 
a new one was established, composed of Mr. McMoran, George A. Robinson, and Wm. N. Mc- 
Moran, a grandson of the senior member. A new factory was erected at West Mansfield, and 
the concern flourished until the death of Mr. McMoran, when the grandson retired and Mr. 
Robinson became and still remains sole proprietor. He continues to hold the same premises, 
one story, 40 x 60 feet, equipped with the usual cutlers' machinery and appliances, where he 
employs eight or ten skilled hands and makes considerable quantities of superior goods, his 
leading specialties comprising high-grade bread, butchers', cigar-makers', fish, oyster and shoe 
knives in over 600 different styles, from the best cast steel, neatly finished, fully warranted, and 
sold by the trade all over the United States. 



PLAINVILLE. 



THE town of Wrentham is described in its proper place under the head of 
" Norfolk County." By a mistake the village of Plainville was omitted, 
and as jewelry manufacturing is its only considerable industry, we insert an 
account thereof here in connection with the large jewelry centers in Bristol 
county, with which it is connected by business ties. 

Plainville was formerly called Slackville for a family of grain millers of that 
name. When the name was changed, or for what reason, does not appear, but 
it is certain that about 1841 Geo. W. Shepardson bought and converted the old 
stone grist mill into a button factory, which he conducted for two years and then 
sold out to H. M. Richards, who began the manufacture of gilt jewelry, but sold 
the plant to Joseph T. Bacon and removed to Providence. Mr. Bacon tore 
down the old building and erected on its site the main portion of the present 
Lincoln, Bacon &: Co. factory structure. The firm of Bacon, Hodges & Co. 
engaged in the making of jewelry in 1844, and that firm and its successors have 
continued the business on the same spot ever since. Others came later, and 
Plainville has grown into considerable prominence through the enterprise of 
those who have built up this peculiar interest. It is a neat and prosperous vil- 
liage, provided with churches, schools and the necessary adjimcts of a manufac- 
turing center. An electric railway connects the place with Attleboro and North 
Attleboro. 



ROBINSON BROTHERS, 



Manufacturers of Jewelers' Findings — Lincoln, Bacon & Co.'s Building, Cor. South 

and Bacon Streets. 

Messrs. E. Leroy Robinson and L. Eugene Robinson, experienced workers in metals and 
possessed of a thorough knowledge of trade requirements, formed their present copartnership, 
fitted up a floor of the Lirrcoln, Bacon & Co. building, and began the manufacture of jewelers' 
findings in July, 1890. Their machinery equipment is of the best kind, their facilities extensive 
and complete; they have in their employ a large force of skilled operatives, and are turning out 
great quantities of superior goods, which are supplied to jobbers, jewelry manufacturers and the 
trade generally. While producing almost everything coming under the head of jewelers' find- 
ings, the firm make leading specialties of silver and rolled gold swivels, bars, spring rings, etc. 



2 28 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

LINCOLN, BACON & CO., 



Manufacturers of Jewelry — Cor. South and Bacon Sts. ; New York Office, Nos. 41 

and 43 Maiden Lane. 

As stated elsewhere, H. M. Richards, the pioneer Plainville jewelry manufacturer, was suc- 
ceeded in 1844 by Joseph T. Bacon, John H. Hodges and Geo. Mason, who occupied the old 
Slack mill, Mr. Mason withdrawing a few years later. Messrs. Bacon & Hodges remained in 
copartnership until 1850, when Mr. Hodges retired. In April of that year the old Slack mill 
was burned, after which a new factory was erected, the germ of the present establishment. 
Draper, Tifl't & Bacon followed. Mr. John Tifit died in 1851, when the house was reorganized 
as Draper, TifIt & Co. — Frank S. (a son of Josiah Draper), Frank L. (son of John Tifft), 
Joseph T. Bacon and James D. Lincoln. Mr. Draper retired in July, i860, when the style 
was changed to Lincoln, Tifl't cK: Bacon. The New York office was established aliout 1853, the 
factory style being altered to J. T. Bacon & Co. about 1862 and the New York office to Lincoln, 
Tifft & Co., under which name the firm continued until 1S76, when Frank L. Tifi't died, after 
which his interest was purchased by Messrs. Lincoln & Bacon. The business was continued by 
them under the same name until 1882, when the present copartnership was formed, admitting 
Harland G., a son of Mr. Bacon, and Daniel C. Schofield of New York, when the style here 
and in New York was once more changed — this time to Lincoln, Bacon cS: Co., which firm now 
owns the commodious buildings occupied by Wade, Davis & Co., the Plainville Stock Company 
and others. Mr. Bacon, senior, died in 1888. The facilities of the concern are unsurpassed 
and the products marked by artistic originality and high finish. The factory, one of the largest 
of the kind, thoroughly equipped in all departments and employing about 100 hands, is situated 
in the three-story frame Lincoln, Bacon & Co. building at the corner of South and Bacon 
streets, 100 \ 112 feet in area, with two 22 x 75-foot Ls. A sixty horse-power engine drives 
the machinery. The output, large, attractive and salable, embraces a great variety of standard 
goods and fresh novelties in ladies' and gentlemen's chains, bracelets, necklaces, brooches, 
drops, lace pins and dainty ornaments in rolled gold glate. The house deals exclusively with 
the jobbing and wholesale trade. Joseph T. Bacon was born in Attleboro May 21, 1S18, a 
descendant of an early settler and son of an ex-State senator. At the age of eighteen, having 
learned button making, he and his brother, Ebenezer, engaged in the manufacture of jewelry on 
a small scale at Robinsonville. Later the firm became Richards & Bacon, from which Mr. Bacon 
withdrew in 1838 or 1839 and formed a copartnership with Lewis Holmes in the same business. 
Mr. Holmes retired in 1841, when the firm of Bacon, Hodges & Mason was organized. His 
subsequent history is given above. James D. Lincoln was born atBiimfield, Hampden county, 
March 30, 1823. At seventeen he began work in a Wrentham thread mill; in 1850 engaged as 
clerk in a New York shoe store, and a year later entered the employ of Draper, Tifft & Bacon, 
and in June, 1851, took charge of the sales department. A few months later he became and 
has ever since remained a partner. An honorable business man and public-spirited citizen, 
courteous and kindly, he is universally respected and enjoys the confidence of all classes. 



S. W. OLNEY, 



Manufacturer of Jewelers' Findings — No. 44 East Bacon Street. 

Mr. S. Wh. Olney, established 1883, is widely known to and in high repute with jewelry 
manufacturers all over the United States. His factory, situated at No. 44 Bacon street, is fitted 
up with the best appliances, a steam engine, etc., and gives employment to a force of operatives 
that varies in number from five to ten as required. A general line of jewelers' findings is man- 
ufactured here, the leading specialties comprising gold, silver and copper shot, imitation screw- 
wire, twist wire, twist wire rings, and seamless balls for jewelers' use — goods of superior quality 
and in growing demand. Orders are filled direct and at short notice. 



PLAINVILLE STOCK COMPANY, 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Corner South and Bacon Streets; Office and Salesroom, 

No. 176 Broadway, New York. 

In 1872 the firm of G. Demarest & Co. organized as a copartnership with ten members, and 
continued under that name for two years, but in July, 1874, dissolved, G. Demarest and Henry 
Packard retiring, their interests being transferred to the remaining portion of the company, who 
reorganized as the Plainville Stock company, a copartnership as before. -Since that time several 
members have retired from the business, their interests being bought l)y the remaining portion 
of said company, until now four partners with equal interests constitute the company, viz. : D. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 229 

H. Corey, W. S. Metcalf, A. W. Burton and E. P. Bennett. Two floors in the commodious 
three-story frame factory, corner of South and Bacon streets, are occupied by them and fully 
equipped with all the improved modern machinery, tools, etc., to accommodate the large force 
they are compelled to employ. They manufacture a standard line of rolled plate, gold front 
and solid gold jewelry, consisting generally of chains, brooch and lace pins, scarf pins, button 
sets, bracelets, jersey and stick pins, charms, etc. To designate their goods and protect them 
from imitations of their styles made from inferior stock by poor workmen, they have adopted 
and registered the now well-known trade mark "P. S. Co.," which appears on all goods that 
will admit of being stamped in that manner. Leading as they do in style, workmanship and 
finish, they are compelled to employ the best designers and workmen, assuring the good will of 
their ever-increasing patronage. Manufacturing as they do everything they use in their factory 
— their designs, their stock, tools, dies, etc. — and having had a business experience of twenty 
years, is a guarantee of reliable goods to all patrons and of fair treatment, Samples can always 
be seen at the New York office or at the factory. Communications must be addressed to Plain- 
ville Stock Co., Plainville, Mass 



WADE, DAVIS & CO., 



Manufacturing Jewelers — Corner South and Bacon Streets ; New York Office, Room 

4, No. 198 Broadway. 

The firm of Wade, Davis & Co. dates from 1876, is composed of Messrs. W. H. Wade, E. 
P. Davis and C. A. Whiting, and occupies for factory purposes the lower portion of the three- 
story frame building, 28x100 feet, at the corner of South and Bacon streets. Messrs. Wade 
and Davis reside here and superintend the mechanical and shipping business, while Mr. Whit- 
ing has charge of the New York ofiice. No. 198 Broadway, and looks after the interests of the 
house in the west and south, supplying jobbers generally. Annual sales vary between $75,000 
and $100,000. Of the factory it is only necessary to say that it is quite commodious, is equipped 
in the most perfect manner, and employs froin fifty to seventy -five artisans, besides design- 
ers, clerks, etc. The product embraces the freshest and most pleasing novelties in rolled plate 
jewelry and silver ornaments — bracelets, brooches, hoops, drops, bar, cuft", lace, scarf and jersey 
pins, etc. — a leading specialty being the originating and making of bracelets in all styles, patent 
spring, coil, bangle, friendship and success, in plate and silver. The works are reached by 
telegraph via North Attleboro. 



JOHN B. MAINTIEN, 



Plain and Fancy Enameler — Lincoln, Bacon & Co.'s Building, Cor. South and Bacon 

Streets. 

The late J. E. Maintien, founder of this concern, was a pioneer enameler, and became one 
of the most famous in the United States. He first engaged in his vocation at Providence in 
1821, removed to Plainville in 1855, subsequently formed a copartnership under the style of J. 
E. Maintien, and died in 1889, when John B. Maintien succeeded, and is now conducting the 
business under his own name, with well appointed works on an upper floor of the Lincoln, 
Bacon & Co. building, corner of South and Bacon streets. From fifteen to twenty hands are 
employed, and transactions with manufacturing jewelers in this vicinity and throughout the 
country aggregate nearly $20,000 per annum. Mr. Maintien's facilities are first-class; he car- 
ries a large and varied stock of enamels and colors, and does every description of work in his 
line, making a leading specialty of enameled flowers in artistic styles. 



MIDDLESEX COUNTY. 



MIDDLESEX was one of the original four counties — Essex, Middlesex, Suf- 
folk and Norfolk — into- which the Massachusetts colony was divided by the 
General Court, May lo, 1643. The towns then in existence were : Charlestown, 
established June 24, 1629 ; Watertown, Sept. 7, 1630 ; Medford, September 28, 
1630 ; Cambridge, September 8, 1633 ; Concord, September 2, 1635 ; Sudbury, 
September 4, 1639. Woburn was incorporated May 18, 1642, and is the eldest 
daughter of the county, Reading (now Lynn) was not incorporated until 
forty-two years afterward. Cambridge is the oldest city, chartered March 17, 
1846. Charlestown's incorporation as a city occurred February 22, 1847, but 
she was annexed to Boston May 14, 1873, and now has no separate existence 
save in name, and is not even a part of Middlesex county. The following towns, 
in addition to those already named, have been incorporated within the limits of 
Middlesex county since 1642. It should be borne in mind that the bounds of 
the county itself have undergone considerable change and not a little contraction, 
from which Worcester county was the principal gainer : 

Acton, 

Arlington, 

Ashby, 

Ashland, 

Ayer, 

Bedford, 

Belmont, 

Billerica, 

Boxborough, 

Brighton, 

Burlington, 

Carlisle, 

Chelmsford, 

Dracut, 

Dunstable, 

East Sudbury, 

Everett, 

Framingham, 

Groton, 

Holliston, 

Hopkinton, 

Hudson, 

Lexington, 

Lincoln, 

Littleton, 

Arlington was incorporated as West Cambridge ; name changed April 30, 
1867 ; East Sudbury was changed to Wayland March 11, 1835 ; South Reading 
to Wakefield June 30, 1868. Lowell was reincorporated as a city August 5, 
1836; Maiden, March 31, 1881 ; Marlborough, May 23, 1890; Newton, June 
2, 1873 ; Somerville, April 14, 187 1 ; Waltham, June 2, 1884. 

Middlesex is bounded on the north by the New Hampshire State line ; 'on 
the east by Essex and Suffolk counties ; on the South by Norfolk county, and on 
the west by Worcester county. The Merrimack (navigable to Lowell), Concord, 
Nashua and Charles are the principal streams, but numerous lakes and ponds of 
greater or less magnitude and brooks supply an abundance of water for manufac- 
turing and other purposes. Agriculture is in a rather depressed condition, 



July 3. 


1735- 


Lowell, 


March 


I, 


1826. 


February 27, 


1807. 


MaWen, 


May 


2, 


1649. 


March 5, 


1767. 


Marlborough, 


May 


3i> 


1660. 


March 16, 


1846. 


Maynard, 


April 


19. 


1871. 


February 14, 


1871. 


Melrose, 


May 


3. 


1850. 


September 23, 


1729. 


Natick, 


February 


10, 


1 781. 


March 18, 


1859. 


Newton, 


January 


II, 


1688. 


May 29, 


1655. 


North Reading, 


March 


22, 


1853- 


February 25, 


1783- 


Pepperell, 


April 


6, 


1753- 


February 24, 


1807. 


Sherborn, 


May 


27. 


1764. 


February 28, 


1799. 


Shirley, 


January 


5, 


1753- 


April 28, 


1780. 


Somerville, 


March 


3. 


1842. 


May 29, 


1655. 


South Reading, 


February 


25> 


1812. 


February 26, 


1 701. 


Stoneham, 


December 


17, 


1725- 


October 15, 


1673- 


Stow, 


May 


16, 


1683. 


April 10, 


1780. 


Tewksbury, 


December 


23> 


1734- 


^L-lrch -'9, 


1870. 


Townsend, 


June 


29. 


1732. 


June 25, 


1 700. 


Tyngsborough, 


February 


23> 


1809. 


May 25, 


1655- 


Waltham, 


January 


4> 


1737- 


December 3, 


1724. 


Wayland, 


April 


10, 


1780. 


December 13, 


1715- 


Westford, 


September 


23, 


1729. 


March 19, 


1866. 


Weston, 


January 


I, 


1712. 


March 29, 


1712. 


W'ilmington, 


September 


25. 


1730. 


April 19, 


1754- 


Winchester, 


April 


30, 


1850. 


November 2, 


1714. 











INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



231 



owing to the inducements offered farmers in the west, but which are steadily 
growing less, while eastern prospects improve, by reason of denser population 
and better and more convenient markets. Besides, most western farms are 
mortgaged to eastern money lenders (savings banks principally), so that as a 
matter of fact the rich lands nearer the setting sun every year pour their prod- 
ucts in greater volume into the coffers of the eastern factory operatives in the 
form of interest on their deposits. The industries of Middlesex are varied in 
character and enormous in volume, and are constantly increasing. No country in 
the world possesses greater advantages for the prosecution of skilled mechanical 
enterprise on a large scale. The population of the county shows a healthy 
growth, as follows : 



1880. 



1890. 



1,797 


1,897 


Marlborough, 


4,100 


5,629 


Maynard, 


914 


825 


Medford, 


2,394 


2,532 


Melrose, 


1,881 


2,148 


Natick, 


931 


1,092 


Newton, 


1,615 


2,098 


North Reading, 


2,000 


2,380 


Pepperell, 


319 


325 


Reading, 


711 


617 


Sherborn, 


52,669 


70,028 


Shirley, 


478 


481 


Somerville, 


2,553 


2,695 


Stoneham, 


3,922 


4,427 


Stow, 


1,595 


1,996 


Sudbury, 


453 


416 


Tewksbury, 


4,159 


11,068 


Townsend, 


6,235 


9,239 


Tyngsborough, 


1,862 


2,057 


Wakefield, 


3,098 


2,619 


Waltham, 


4,601 


4,088 


Watertown, 


3,739 


4,670 


Wayland, 


2,460 


3,197 


Westford, 


907 


987 


Weston, 


994 


1,025 


Wilmington, 


59,475 


77,696 


Winchester, 


12,017 


23,031 


Woburn, 



Towns. 



1880. 



1890. 



Towns. 

Acton, 

Arlington, 

Ashby, 

Ashland, 

Ayer, 

Bedford, 

Belmont, 

Billerica, 

Boxborough, 

Burlington, 

Cambridge, 

Carlisle, 

Chelmsford, 

Concord, 

Dracut, 

Dunstable, 

Everett, 

Framingham, 

Groton, 

Holliston, 

Hopkinton, 

Hudson, 

Lexington, 

Lincoln, 

Littleton, 

Lowell, 

Maiden, 

Total, 1880, 363,557; 1890, 383,446; gain, 19,889. Property valuation, ac- 
cording to the State census of 1885, ^3^5)9^^}9^9- Area of the county, 827 
square miles. 



10,127 


13,805 


2,291 


2,700 


7,573 


11,079 


4,560 


8,519 


8,479 


9,118 


16,995 


24,379 


900 


874 


2,348 


3,127 


3,181 


4,088 


1,401 


1,381 


1,365 


1,191 


24,933 


40,152 


4,890 


6,155 


1,045 


903 


1,178 


1,197 


2,179 


2,515 


1,967 


1,750 


631 


662 


5,547 


6,982 


11,712 


18,707 


5,426 


7,073 


1,962 


2,060 


2,250 


2,147 


1,664 


1,448 


1,213 


933 


4,861 


3,802 


13,499 


10,931 



FRAMINGHAM. 

As already noted, Framingham was incorporated in 1 700 ; at that time its 
area was 20,500 acres, but changes in town boundaries have reduced it to 
about 18,975 acres, bounded on the northeast by Wayland, on the east by Natick, 
on the southeast by Sherborn, on the southwest by Ashland, on the west by South- 
borough and Marlborough, and on the north by Sudbury. A portion of Lake 
Cochituate (described in the article on Natick) lies in the eastern part of Fra- 
mingham. The early history of the region was not essentially different from that 
of other towns in this part of the State. In the northerly part of the town are 
several lofty elevations known as Nobscot, Doeskin hill and Gibbs' mountain ; 
near the southern extremity a cluster of four large ponds, the remainder of the 



232 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

surface being moderately level and the Sudbury river flowing through from south- 
west to northeast. The villages are Framingham Center, reached by the Old 
Colony, and South Framingham, midway between Boston and Worcester, reached 
by the Boston & Albany Railroad, Saxonville, Park's Corner and Brackett's Cor- 
ner, Hastingsville, Lokerville, Sherbornville, Coburnville, etc. Total population 
of the town, 9,239, more than half of whom reside at South Framingham. Pre- 
vious to the building of the Boston & Worcester railroad the center, situated on 
the great turnpike, was the principal place of business, but with the withdrawal 
of the stages and the cessation of heavy long distance teaming began the decay 
of the place and the gradual removal of manufactures and trade to South Fra- 
mingham and vicinity, so that there is little or nothing but farming doing else- 
where in the town, though the academy, the high school, the State normal school 
and the Framingham library remain at the center. 

The manufactures of the town are quite large and include cotton and woolen 
fabrics (at Saxonville), carpets and carpet yarns, paper, hats, leather, straw 
goods, India rubber goods, carriages, shoes, lasts, etc. There are two National, 
two savings and one co-operative banks. There are also two newspapers — the 
Gazette and the Tribune. 



FRAMINGHAM SAVINGS BANK. 



Franklin E. Gregory, President; Samuel B. Bird, J. Henry Robinson, M. D., Frank- 
lin Manson, Vice-Presidents; Luther F. Fuller, Treasurer; Walter Adams, At- 
torney for Bank — Manson Block, Concord Street. 

The Framingham Savings Bank was chartered March 11, 1846, and began business at 
Framingham center the ensuing May. Colonel Moses Edgell, to whose suggestion and labors 
its establishment was largely due, was made- the first president, a position which he retained 
and adorned until 1871, when he was succeeded by Mr. George Phipps, who died in 1876. 
Mr. Charles Upham, who was next chosen for the place, died in 1880, and after him came Mr. 
Luther Fuller, the present treasurer, who in turn was succeeded by Mr. Adolphus Merriam, 
who held the position until his death in 1885. The removal to South Framingham occurred in 
1882. In 1885 it transpired that the then acting treasurer of the institution had engaged in 
financial transactions which, while in no way criminal, were calculated to lessen public confi- 
dence in the management, and a "run" ensued, a good many of the bank's patrons rushing in 
mad haste to recover their deposits, which were promptly paid o"n demand. News of the sup- 
posed irregularities spread, however, and the State Savings Bank Commissioner took possession, 
appointing Mr. Luther F. Fuller, a successful Framingham merchant, to the post of treasurer 
on August 4th of that year. When it is borne in mind that the depositors numbered thou- 
sands, and that the regular 2 1-2 per cent, dividend was placed with the principal in each in- 
stance, it must be acknowledged that the conduct of the bank and the demonstration of its 
solidity form an unique chapter in financing. 

The bank was placed under a temporary injunction and a thorough examination of its affairs 
made by N. P. Lamson, the well-known expert accountant, who rendered a report exonerat- 
ing the dead treasurer from any personal misappropriation, and, after remaining under the 
management of the trustees until the removal of the injunction, the bank was reopened for 
business — paying dollar for dollar, with a dividend of two per cent, on the face value of all 
deposits. 

Franklin E. Gregory, Esq., of Framingham, is now president; Messrs. Samuel B. Bird, of 
Framingham, J. Henry Robinson, M. D., of Southboro, and Franklin Manson of South Fra- 
mingham are the vice-presidents; Mr. Fuller remains treasurer; and Mr. Wm. H. Bird, who 
entered the bank in 1886, is bookkeeper. The board of trustees includes the officers named 
(with the exception of bookkeeper Bird), Rev. John S. Cullen, and Messrs. Adrian Foote, 
Walter Adams, Francis C. Stearns, Thomas L. Barber, Edward F. Kendall, .Simeon H. Wil- 
liams and Cliftbrd Folger. The bank occupies commodious and handsomely appointed bank- 
ing and board rooms in the New Manson block. Concord street. These offices, on the south 
side of the building, second floor, are commodious, well lighted, fitted up in elegant style, and 
the large fire-proof vault, constructed with numerous pigeon holes, is built directly over the 
National bank vault and inclosed by eighteen-inch solid brick walls. Among the notable fea- 
tures and conveniences are large carved oak wardrobes, massive and handsome counters and a 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



233 



long distance telephone. The institution is now in a more flourishing and prosperous condition than 
ever before, has more than 4000 depositors, embracing all sorts and conditions of men and 
women — capitalists, merchants, manufacturers, farmers, mechanics, daily laborers, the widows 
and orphans of well-to-do deceased citizens, working women, high and low, rich and poor, old 
and young— in Framingham, Holliston, Ashland, Southboro and all neighboringtowns. In- 
terest is allowed on all deposits made on or before the first Saturday in each month. Dividend 
days, first Saturday in May and Xovember. Quarter days, first Saturday of May, August, No- 
vember and February. Bank open for l)usiness from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., except on Saturday, 
when the hours are from 9 a. m. to 12 m. 



THE AUBURN LAST COMPANY. 



E. D. Stone, Treasurer and Superintendent — Manufacturers of Lasts for Leather 
and Rubber Shoes — Factory, Clark Street. 

Mr. Elmer D. Stone, the founder of this company, is a native of Falmouth, Maine, learned 
last-making in his youth, and has had more than twenty years' experience in the trade. He 
first established himself at Auburn, Me. — hence the name of the company — in 1876, but in 
1882, in order to be within easier reach of his customers, removed to South Framingham, 
opening a factory on Howard street, which soon proved of too limited a capacity, and in 1884 




lie secured and occupied his present quarters on Clark street — a two-story frame structure, 30X 
50 feet, with basement, attached to which is an engine and boiler-room 24x30 feet, heating 
pipes and drying-rooms connecting the two buildings. Here, provided with steam power, a 
•complete equipment of lathes and other devices peculiar to the last-making industry, and em- 
ploying from ten to twenty skilled workmen, the productive capacity being about 300 pairs of 
lasts per day, he is enabled to fill all orders promptly and satisfactorily. The specialties em- 
brace every description of lasts required by manufacturers of both rubber and leather boots and 
shoes, and orders are thankfully received and promptly executed in the best style at reasonable 
prices, all work being of the best material and finish, accurate and faultless. 

Mr. Stone began the manufacture of rublier lasts in 1879 and in response to the growing 
demand has increased his facilities from time to time, until now, with twelve years' experience, 
he feels entire confidence in his ability to meet the views of patrons as well as the competition 
of any rival house in the trade. Buying only the choicest rock maple for this class of lasts, he 
has five drying-rooms of 75,000 to 100,000 blocks capacity, and can never be found short of 
material of the most desirable kind that will neither warp nor shrink, his heaters being suppled 
with steam pipes and hot-air blast, thus insuring the best results in drying. The same remarks ap- 
ply to the facilities for obtaining the best results in ordinary leather boot and shoe lasts. Among 
the regular patrons of the Auburn Last Company may be named the Para Rubber Company and 
Gregory & Co., boot and shoe manufacturers, both of this place. Shipping facilities east, west, 
north and south are first-class, and those sending orders need anticipate no delay in delivery. 
Mr. .Stone is a respected and influential citizen and a prbttrinenr Odd Fellow, having passed all 
the chairs in his lodge and in Waushacum encampment of South Framingham. 



234 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



en 




V 




bt 




C 




3 









.J 




.^ 




tn 




m 




1>-I 









w 




.K 




a) 




u 




3 




4-* 








C 




ii 




3 




ti, 




n 




A 




4-* 




4-< 




rt 




Oi 




•a 




c 




rt 




T1 


4) 


1) 


> 


U 


< 


Oi 


c 


Ux 


o 


o 


4^1 

hit 


en 


C 


u 


^>4 


u 


V 


3 


^ 


o 




n1 








3 


o 


C 


4-* 


rt 




s 


in 


1 


C 


u 


rt 


g< 


■*-» 


u 


■n 


3 




10 


to 


rt 


u 


u 


hf) 


H 


« 




>-i 


ui 


rt 


•T3 


O 


C 


f(i 


rt 


a; 









rt 


s 


to 

■-. 






• -^ 


rt 


u 


J3 


be 


o 


rt 




C 




rt 




2 




•a 




c 




n 




*^ 




c 




V 




•o 








CO 




u 




Ii 




0. 




^ 




C 




rt 




>. 




« 




U 




e 




rt 






-2 00 C. ^ 
> 00 J= v3 

'^ - S, 

rt U .• — 



C- rt 



M ^^ O. i 
= rt -^ 






.-.- J= 



ti r/- rt "^ r- ^ ^ 



S ~ ~ -?^ 5 3 



>^ rt tx: 

? C ^ 
gTrrt 









c ^ 



C O 

rt _ u 

c E CL_ 

'- o < o 
<J o 

" aj ;^ 

c- £ te- 






1> 



'J c 



- 1: i: u= c o ■ 



J^ « ^ 






O c 

OS- 



J= i£ O 



C V 

o -t; 



^^-f, 



W 



rr ^ ^ 
5 > 



Cu 






^ ^ " « 



6 X 

00 C 
- _0 

.i2 __ „~ 



». X ^ 



ci § 



rt OJ ci 



"" rt ■ — 

3 (/; 



-S 3 

O 

c - 

c 

?l 

rt ., 



"C rt 
C 
rt >^ flj i- 



1) rt 



O rS IE 
o « ^ 

N« k- > 



3 — 
o rt 



I =* 

O O 

_ rt 

o — ^ 



rt ^ C 
"C O 



11 C N 

uTj: rt 'i- 
i; --- t, o 

C > t. — 

^ S-r; rt 

c 

8 Q-.i: 

rt "^ '- 



u rt Cu^ 

— t: 



- [A rt o OJ c ::=. ' 



p^ >. 









curt 
rt C >~. 

rt 
-C «-- >> 

rt tXtr: 
c 

u S <" 
♦i rt -^ 

^ I o 



O-.P 






£<^- 



_1J _^ u 



i;.2 



u c ■ - 



(U 3 

o c 



^Cl., 



■- rt = C^ = 



i- -?, o rt 

So o IS uT 

1> J? o ►> 

■_ O rt > 

rt J= E rt 



ii E 
^ o 

C 

11 



^ rt c 

aj Q.— ' 
^ rt .22 



rt .- 

C rt 
O J= 

rt -J 
(U o 

^^ 

rt OJ 

I -C 



^ O 

2 ^ 



c rr 



-" o 

C 
t£ rt 

.£ >> 



OJ 



o 
o 



^ ":: "O "Ii r- 



-c .:r rt *' -z: 



c 

rt rt 



.2 o 

'^ rt 
rt D- 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



235 




236 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



GEORGE H. EAMES, 



Manufacturer of Fancy Leather Goods, Violin Strings, Violin Cases, etc. — Rear of 

No. 49 Union Ave. 

It is apparent that any one engaging in the manufacture of goods in which there is such 
close competition as exists in the fancy leather goods trade must -do so'with the fixed determina- 
tion either to place his standard of quality so high as to attract the best class of buyers or else to 
sacrifice everything to cheapness in order to force sales. So many have adopted the latter plan 
that their goods are a drug in the market and can hardly be given away, while those who adhere 
to legitimate methods find their reward in a moderate degree of prosperity that leaves them at 
least an approving conscience and a full measure of self-respect. Of this class is Mr. George 
H. Eames, who, having spent three years of his life in mastering the mechanical part of his vo- 
cation, decided, on the retirement of his instructor in 1889, to emljark in business on his own 
account, which he did in September of that year, at first utilizing a room of his parental home 
for the purpose and doing most of the work himself. In June last he completed and occupied 
his new factory — a substantial three-story frame structure, 25x38 feet, near his residence. 
Here, employing eight superior hands and provided with a complete equipment of woodworking, 
leather-stretching, embossing and violin-string machinery and appliances, he is prepared to respond 
wiih the b est and tastiest commodities to all demands for standard products and novelties in his 
line, turning out musical instrument cases — among which is the "Diamond" violin case, double 
swell, lately invented by Mr. Eames — music rolls, dressing cases, collar and cuft' boxes, sample, 
cases, etc., in endless variety and large quantities and giving special attention to commissions 
for new designs, fine plilsh-Hned extra finished cases for violins, gyitars, cornets, etc. He also 
manufactures violin and cello strings of the best quality in considerable quantities. He is a 
young and enterprising scion of an old and respected Framingham family. Upright, courteous 
and ambitious to excel, he possesses the right elements for a successful business man. His fac- 
tory is under his constant personal supervision, the utmost care and skill are exercised in all de- 
partments, and nothing is left undone tO render his goods attractive, substantial and otherwise 
acceptable. All shells used in the manufacture of musical instrument and other cases are made 
upon the premises, and his well-constructed, elegantly emljossed plush-lined goods cannot be 
surpassed. 



E. E. CRANDALL, 



Dealer in Carriages, Wagons, Sleighs, Harnesses, etc. — Carriage Painter and re- 
pairer — Irving Street. 

Mr. Crandall has been engaged in business here since 1885, and has supplied the people of 
South Framingham and surrounding country with great numbers of handsome and serviceable 
vehicles. Duringithe past year he found that his trade had outgrown his facilities, and there- 
fore proceeded to erect a new and commodious three-story and basement carriage repository, 60 




xioo feet in area, with 28x35-foot blacksmith and repair shop adjoining — the largest, most com- 
lete and convenient establishment of the kind in this part of the State, appropriately fitted up 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



237 



with separate departments for the exhibition of new carriages of all kinds, second-hand vehicles, 
barges, hacks, wagons, etc., and harnesses; paint shop, packing-room and repair shop. Here 

may be seen a line of the finest 
wheeled vehicles, sleighs and har- 
ness ever shown in New England, 
embracing, among others, sam- 
ples of choice work from the Bid- 
die & Smart Company of Ames- 
bury, and Moyer's "Banner" 
wagons, made at Syracuse, N. Y. 
Special attention is given to 
orders for carriage painting and 
varnishing and repairs. One of 
ihe best artist carriage painters 
n America is employed, and 
premiums were awarded samples 
of his work at the South Mid- 
dlesex fair, last fall, and also 
at the Taunton lair. An ex- 
=^ hi /jit will be made at the Wor- 
cester fair this fall. Mr. Crandall came to South Framingham from his native place (Cortland, 
N. V.) in 1885, and, though still a young man, has made for himself an enviable 





reputation in business and social circles. He is a past grand among Oddfellows, a member 
of Netus tribe No. 43, I. O. R. M., and a courteous, liberal, popular gentleman. 



HOTEL WINTHROP. 



J. H. Jordan, Proprietor — HoUis Street. 

The Hotel Winthrop is a recent addition to the hotel accommodations of South Framingham, 
a commodious modern three-story structure erected in 1884, and containing elegant office, 
reading and dining-rooms, parlors, and twenty-four roomy, cosy, inviting sleeping apartments. 
The house is lighted by gas throughout, warmed by steam, and fitted with all useful improve- 
ments and comforts. The table is first-class, provided with the choicest meats, fish, vegetables, 
etc., appetizingly prepared and politely served, and rates are remarkably low, accommodations 
considered. Mr. Jordan is ably assisted by his popular and obliging clerk, Mr. Wm. I. 
Matthews. Though easy accessible from the railroad stations, the Winthrop is yet far en^jugh 
away to avoid the noise of passing trains. Mr. James H. Jordan, who last year succeeded Mi*. L. 
A. Bruce in the proprietorship, is a native of Maine, who for many years was a traveling sales- 
man for the Providence Tool Company and the Wardwell Machine Company of Pawtucket. 
During that time he became widely and favorably known personally, and thoroughly acquainted 
himself with the wants and wishes of the sample-case fraternity, any representative of which 
is warmly welcomed, accorded special terms, and attentively served with the best the 
Winthrop affords, as are the members of theatrical troupes on the road. Mr. Jordan is an 
active member of Pericles lodge No. 4, K. of P., of South Framingham. 



238 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

MARLBOROUGH. 



WHAT is now Marlborough was formerly a portion of Sudbury, to which was 
afterward added a grant previously made to the Indians — 29,419 acres 
of the former and 6,000 acres of the latter, making 35,419 acres in all, incor- 
porated May 31, 1660, under the present name. One attack was made upon 
the settlement during King Philip's war, which resulted in the wounding of one 
white man, the burning of the meeting-house, thirteen dwellings and eleven 
barns, the general destruction of fences and fruit-trees, and the killing and 
wounding of about forty savages. Marlborough sent four companies to Concord, 
April 19, 1775, and these joined in the pursuit of the British on their retreat to 
Boston. A portion of the Marlborough contingent subsequently participated in 
the battle of Bunker Hill, and from that time forward the town contributed 
liberally of men and means for the prosecution of the war for independence — an 
example emulated on a large scale by the descendants of the same men in the 
war for the Union. 

The town of Westborough was set apart from Marlborough in 171 7, South- 
borough at a later period, and Northborough afterward from Westborough. 

The first Marlborough school-house was built in 169S. In 1790 there were 
seven school districts. Notwithstanding the setting off of the town of Hudson, 
mostly from Marlborough territory, in 1866, there are now nearly 2500 enrolled 
common school pupils in the town limits. Gates Academy was established in 
1826, and merged in the high school in 1849. 

The Marlborough Mirror, anti- slavery and prohibition, was established in 
October, 1859. The Marlborough youriia/ wa.?, started in i860, and the Mir- 
ror and yoiirnal consolidated the next year. Editor Joy, of the Journal, went 
to the war, and the paper soon stopped. About 1866 the Mirror was resusci- 
tated by a Mr. Wood, who sold out in 187 1 to Stillman B. Pratt, the original 
founder, and the name was changed to the Mirror-Journal. Later Mr. Pratt 
started the Advertiser and a number of other rural papers, and in 1887 began 
the Daily Minvr, which promptly fell through for lack of patronage — that is, it 
starved to death in about two years. In 18SS Mr. Pratt founded the JVeekly- 
American, a religio-anti-Catholic, anti-trade union, free speech, free press, free 
school, free shop organ, and in 1889 turned his entire business over to his son. 

Wood Brothers removed the Hudson Enterprise to Marlborough and 

issued the first number of the Marlborough Weekly Enterprise September 8, 
1888. The venture prospered, and a year later the firm began the publication 
of a wide-awake daily edition. They have a very fine and costly newspaper and 

printing establishment The Marlborough Times is an excellent and able 

weekly, edited and published by Mr. Charles F. Morse The Marlborough 

Star is a neat and sprightly Catholic weekly, devoted to temperance and the 
interests of the Irish-American element. 

There are two National, one savings and one co-operative banks, a fine 
public library, good water-works, an efficient fire department, and an electric 
street railway. 

The city of Marlborough was incorporated under " An Act to incorporate the 
City 6f Marlborough," approved May 23, 1890, which provides for mayor, board 
of aldermen, common council and school committee. The board of aldermen 
consists of one member from each of the seven wards, the common council of 
two from each ward, the school committee of one from each ward, with 
the mayor as ex-officio chairman. The first election under this act was 
held on the first Tuesday in December, 1S90, and S. H. Howe was chosen 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 239 

Mayor for the term of one year. Four democrats and three repubhcans were 
elected aldermen, and nine democrats and five republicans to the common 
council. The school committee consists of four democrats, two republicans and 
one independent, the mayor being ex-officio chairman. The vote was i 203 for 
and T156 against- license. The new officers assumed office on the first Monday 
in January, 1891. Population of city, 13,728. A comprehensive sewerage 
system is now in course of construction. The leading industry of Marlborough, 
to which all others are secondary and tributary, is the manufacture of shoes. 



THE MARLBORO THEATER. 



Francis W. Riley, Owner and Manager — Fairmount Street near Main. 

The present Marlboro Theater was originally designed for a skating rink, and was erected 
in 1883 by Samuel Boyd. The roller skate craze declined soon afterward, and the building 
was alteretl and made a public hall in 1885. Three years later (in 1888) it was entirely re- 
modeled and reconstructed under the direction of Mr. F. W. Riley, the owner. It is a large 
three-story wooden structure, with ornate roof and front, paneled in imitation of gray and 
brown stone, with gothic windows, 70 feet front, facing Fairmount street, and 135 feet in depth. 
The entrance is on Fairmount street. Ihe interior is arranged as auditorium, balcony and 
gallery, handsomely decorated and upholstered, and will comfortably seat 1,060 persons. The 
stage is 38 by 70 feet, the proscenium 28 feet in height, the drop curtain a work of art, and 
the establishment provided vyith nine complete sets of scenery, ample dressing-rooms, gas light, 
steam heat, and three exits, the stage entrance being on Fairmount street. Traveling 
dramatic organizations may secure the house on reasonable terms, and it is also rented for con- 
certs, lectures, public meetings, etc. Mr. Riley is a professional musician, organist at the 
Immaculate Conception Roman Catholic Church, and for several years was professor of music 
at the State Normal School at Framingham. He is the owner of the city bill boards, employs 
an efficient corps of bill-posters and distributors, and all bills, circulars, invitations, notices, 
cards, etc., intrusted to him receive immediate attention and a thorough distribution is guaran- 
teed. It will be for the interest of all advertisers to correspond with Francis W. Riley, Marl- 
boro, Mass. 

T. J. BEAUDRY, 



Successor to G. J. Hobbs — Manufacturer of Cutting Dies for Leather, Rubber, Paper 

and Cloth — Florence Street. 

Of the many ingenious and useful labor and time-saving appliances required by the modern 
shoe manufacturer none are more indispensable that a complete assortment of dies for 
forming the ^■arious parts of foot-wear — uppers, counters, soles and heels. The same 

remarks hold good as regards manufacturers of thousands 
of articles in rubber, cloth, paper, sheet metal, etc. We do 
not know who originated the die-making industry, but that 
it has flourished in New Eugland for a long time is indispu- 
table. More than thirty years ago Mr. S. K. Taylor began 
making these devices in Marlboro, and it has been carried 
on here continuously ever since. Hobbs & Mellen suc- 
ceeded Mr. Taylor; Mr. Hobbs died, Mr. Mellen retired, 
and Mr. T. J. Beaudry then purchased the plant, of which 
he had been the actual manager for a long time, and with 
improved facilities is enabled to do more and better work than 
ever before. His equipment is quite comprehensive, his ma- 
chinery is driven by a 30-horse-power engine, and he employs 
a full force of skilled workmen — sufficient to prevent delays in the execution of commissions. His 
specialties embrace every description of dies used by workers in leather, rublier, textiles and 
paper; his designs are the latest, his materials the choicest, and his workmanship faultless, and 
he enjoys a large and gro.wing patronage from the New England, middle and western States. 
Mr. Beaudry was born in Canada, came to the United States in childhood, learned the printing 
business, " set 'em up " on the Lowell Times for some years, then accepted the foremanship of 
Pratt Bros' Marlboro printing house, and finally abandoned the " art preservative " to enter Mr. 
George J. Hobbs' employ as manager in 1879. He is as square as an em quad in business 
matters, a popular citizen, and a respected Odd Fellow and Mason. 




240 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



ELLIS FILTER COMPANY. 



Frank W. Ellis, General Manager — Manufacturers of the Acme Water Filter, Marl- 
boro, Mass. 

Here is a particular article ot' extraordinary simplicity that costs but little and is yet of incal- 
culable practical value. All mankind are water drinkers, yet few of them realize how liable 

they are to swallow with their pellucid beverage the 
germs of disease and death. It is a fact that the water 
supply of nearly every city in the world is more or less 
polluted with organic matter, infusoria, bacilli — call it 
what you will — which, introduced into the human sys- 
tem, cannot but have a deleterious eftect. These can 
only be advantageously combated in one way — that is, 
l^y refusing them admission, and that can only be accom- 
plished liy excluding them from the water before it is 
swallowed. The "Acme" tilter performs this office in 
the most perfect manner, and delivers the water in a 
^tate of absolute purity, whether it be obtained from 
babbling brook, flowing river, stagnant pond, rock- 
curbed well or family cistern. Years of test and experi- 
ment prove that the Acme unfailingly removes all sedi- 
ment and organic impurities, and is emphatically the 
most successful of all filters, while it is unsurpassed in 
elegance of design, simplicity and durability. This 
wonderful filter is made under letters patent and sold by 
the Ellis Filter Company, of which Mr. Frank W. Ellis 
is general manager. The company was organized at 
Boston in 1885, and removed to Marlboro in 1886. Its 
trade extends all over the Union, consumers being sup- 
plied through traveling or local agents for the most part. Liberal terms are offered agents 
wherever there are water-works. 




NOAH WILLARD. 



Livery, Hack and Boarding Stable — Proprietor of " Favorite " Condition Powders, 
Liniments for Domestic Animals, etc. — Dealer in Grain, Baled Hay and 
Straw — Nos. 10 and 12 Court Street, near Main. 

Mr. Willard, who is a native of Richford, Vt., came to Marlboro in 1867 and purchased of 
the then proprietor, Joseph Rock, the livery stable established about two months before by the 
latter. It was not conveniently situated, however, and in 1881 Mr. Willard built the premises 
Nos. 10 and 12 Court street, to which he removed. The stable is a three-story frame structure, 
40x75 feet. On the lower floor are forty comfortaljle stalls, room for the storage of vehicles, 
and office; on the second floor are the grain bins, and facilities for compounding medicines for 
live .stock, and on the third floor storage for hay and straw. A number of fine horses and car- 
riages are kept for hire, but in this department a specialty is made of regular and transient board 
for horses belonging to others, upon which the best care is expended. Mr. Willard carries a 
large stock of oats, corn, hay and straw, which he delivers to order at lowest market prices. 
The "Favorite" condition powder prepared by Mr. Willard is in steady request at all seasons, 
as are the excellent liniments likewise made under his direction for use upon ailing domestic 
animals. 



CITY HOTEL. 

N. Willard, Proprietor — No. 117 Main Street, opposite Old Colony Depot. 

The City Hotel was built by Mr. Hiram Temple aliout ten or twelve years ago, and has 
made for itself a record such as that possessed by but few popular caravansaries in the United 
States, for, no matter who its proprietor may have been, it turns up year after year standing 
higher and higher in the popular favor. Much if not all of its continued success is due to its 
present proprietor, Mr. Noah Willard, who is its mascot, as the record of its proprietorship will 
show. Mr. Temple was succeeded by Mrs. Celia D. Spring; she by Mr. Willard, who sold 
to Chas. Andrews, from whom Mr. Willard purchased it again, and alter a term was succeeded 
by E. F. Ellsbree, and he by Hatch & Leighton. After a lengthy term the house was refur- 
nished and refitted and opened by W. F. Brown, who has given way to the ever-popular host, 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 24 1 

Mr. Willard, who has lately taken it in char£;;e, and under his management it has resumed its 
place amongst the popular, fashionaljle, l^est-kept and most highly respectable houses of this 
section. The same success always attends him in his hotel ventures that has marked his eflbrts 
in supplying a first-class livery and boarding stable, and grain, feed and hay warehouse to 
this city, overcoming as he has in the commencement of each, many obstacles, and leaving be- 
hind him a pathway strewn with sticcesses. The building is of brick, four stories, 60 feet front, 
with a depth of 45 feet-, and has a location second to none in the city, being opposite the City 
hall, the post-office and the Old Colony railroad depot, and in the heart of the business center. 
The ground floor is occupied by three handsome stores; the ofiice is on the second floor, and is 
a light, airy and commodious one, containing all of the conveniences which make the soul of 
the traveler happy as well as being connected with a cosy reading-room. On this floor are situ- 
ated the parlors, public and private, a suite of very handsome guests' rooms, the dining-hall, 
kitchen, pantry and living rooms, and on the upper floors are located the sleeping rooms, thirty 
in number, the whole supplied with steam heat, electric lights, bath-rooms, and everything to 
be found in a perfectly kept hotel. The cuisine is excellent and the table is always supplied 
with the choicest viands in the market. The comforts of patrons are looked after by a force of 
eight assistants under the supervision of Mr. Willard, who is ably assisted by his well-knovyn 
clerk Mr. William H. Casey, and the $2.00 a day rate makes it the people's jjrice. Special 
rates are given to commercial travelers, with whom this house is extremely popular. A first- 
class Hvery is connected, guaranteeing the best of service in single or double rigs, carriage, party 
and excursion wagons, etc. 

PETER B. DAVEY, 



Sanitary Engineer, Steam, Gas and Water Fitter, Plumber, Tin-Plate, Sheet-Iron 
and Metal Worker — Lawrence Block, No. 107 Main Street. 

Mr. Peter B. Davey is an exemplification of what pluck, energy, application to business and 
personal worth can do for the young man as well as the boy of to-day. About twenty-five 
years ago he was born in the city of Lawrence, Mass., and very early in life displayed an apt- 
itude for the trade and jsrofession in which he has since made such a brilliant mark. It seems 
incredible, yet it is an unvarnished fact, that he has hatl twelve years of the most practical and 
positive experience, and previous to his establishing himself in business in this city fourteen 
months ago he had for several years occupied a prominent position with Wm. Forbes & Sons, 
sanitary engineers and plumliers, of Lawrence, who cannot but miss his acute judgment and 
mechanical skill. At this particular time in the history of Marlboro it behooves the manufac- 
turer, the property owner and the citizen at large, for the salvation of his pocket-book, to con- 
sult a sanitary engineer, a man of vast and varied experience in this particular line, such as is 
Mr. Davey, before piping his premises, thereby not only having the work done according to the 
strictest regard for health but also in the most practical and economical manner. Mr. Davey 
is not only a licensed plumber and sanitary engineer but employs none but the most competent 
workmen in his service. His store and wareroom, 30x60 feet, Lawrence block. No. 107 Main 
street, is fitted up in a neat and attractive manner, in which he has on display the newest, best 
improved and popular styles of heaters, stoves, ranges, furnaces, bath tubs, water closets, wash 
Ijasins, copper boilers, rubber hose, hose pipe, tin ware and kitchen furnishing goods. His 
warehouse is stocked with wrought iron, enameled and tarred pipe, tin-lined and lead pipe, 
and all kinds of pipe fittings. His shop is supplied with new an improved machinery and 
tools, and with his force of ten skilled workmen is prepared to attend to all orders upon the 
shortest notice. Roofing and jobbing are made subjects of special attention, and all work is 
warranted. The immense success made l:)y him since his advent is but the forerunner of the 
appreciation which will mark his record as the new system of piping gets well under way. 



FRANK S. ROCK, 



Manufacturer and Bottler of Summer Beverages — Agent for Jones' Ales— Corner 

Main and South Streets. 

Deprived of our sparkling soda or mineral water or other cool and refreshing beverages, 
this life would be much more sultry for most of us than it is, especially in the summer months. 
Insomuch as he ministers to the comfort and pleasure of his fellow mortals liy supplying them 
the means of dampening their suffering clay in an agreeable manner, the soda water manutac- 
turer is emphatically a public benefactor and entitled to the unanimous thanks of old and young, 
big and little, male and female, white, red, yellow and black, who have ever endured the 
misery of thirst and hot weather at one and the same time. Mr. Frank S. Rock is the leading 
Marlboro purveyor of bottled jf)y, has been engaged in that vocation for the past ten years, and 

17 



242 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



has a well appointed estal)lishment at No. 334 Main street, a two-story frame structure 25x40 
feet, where, provided with all necessary apparatus, machinery and assistance, he does a large 
and growing business, preparing the various kinds of birch and root beers, ginger ale, tonic, 
and soda of all desirable flavors, bottling the same, and delivering in whatever quantity and 
wherever desired. Orders by mail', telegraph or telephone are given immediate attention. 
Soda fountains are charged at short notice for druggists and confectioners, his "Puffer" gener- 
ators being of great capacity. Mr. Rock is also agent tor Jones' celebrated Portsmouth ales, 
and in license years supplies his customers with these as well as with lager beer, wines and 
liquors in quantities to suit. 



JOHN F. DAVEY, 



Machinist — Manufacturer of Davey's Pegging Machines, Davey's Patent Ale Fau- 
cet, and Ryan's Improved Shingling Bracket — Repairer of Shoe Machinery — 
No. 15 Florence Street. 

The pegging machine seems, next to the lasting machine, to have been the most difficult of 
all shoe manufacturing appliances to perfect. Several designs worked fairly well, but in each 
there was some element of incompleteness, some weak point, that kept the operator in constant 
apprehension of a break-down or failure. The Davey machine, illustrated herewith, is the 

F-'PV fruit of seventeen years' continuous study and experiment by a prac- 

VC3V»' ' ■ r^^^Vjfe^^tical machinist and acknowledged expert in this class of machinery, 

0t-"' ^"^^N^'and is constructed upon correct mechanical principles in every part, 

any of which can lie duplicated without delay at small expense. 
As a whole, the machine is strong, reliable and little likely to get 
out of order, and with slight attention and adjustment will peg belt- 
ing in a satisfactory manner. Among those now using this ma- 
chine with satisfactory results are the Commonwealth Shoe Co., 
Boyd, Corey & Co., and John A. Frye, Marlboro; A. Coburn & 
Son, Hopkinton; Gould & Walker, Westboro; Bridges & Co., 
South Framingham; T. H. Chamberlain, Hudson; the Easton Boot 
and Shoe Co., Easton, Pa., and C. H. P'argo, No. 116 Market 
street, Chicago, 111., to any or all of whom the builder confidently 
refers. This pegger may also be seen in successful operation at the 
factories of Houghton & Coolidge, Ashland; J. L. Woodman, 
Natick; and Isaac Prouty, .Spencer. Mr. Davey is also patentee 
and manufacturer of the Davey ale faucet, now in such general and 
satisfactory use as to require no description, and of Ryan's im- 
proved shingling bracket, made of wrought iron, strong, simple, 
safe, and indorsed by every one who has seen it in use. iVIessrs. 
Beven & Davey started together as machinists in 1878. Mr. 
Beven retired in 1884. The plant, situated on the ground floor, 
30x60 feet, of the building No. 15 Florence street, comprises a 
fine machine shop equipment, steam power, etc., and six expert 
workmen are employed under Mr. Davey's personal supervision. 
His trade is tor the most part confined to New England, liut orders 

tor new work or repairs are promptly executed and shipped to any part of the United .States or 

Canada, of which latter country Mr. Davey is a native. 




<;)vfSrlbo5^^/iac^ 



J. E. WARREN & CO., 



Carpenters, Contractors and Builders — Shop No. 25 Florence Street, Warehouse 

No. 259 Main Street. 
Mr. J. E. Warren is a successful business man and a skillful mechanic, as is evident from 
the volume of building operations conducted by him for some years and the continued and in- 
creasing demand for his services. He established himself in iSSo at No. 259 Main street — a 
four-story structure which he still uses for storage purposes, wliile his new shop, fitted up with 
appropriate woodworking machinery, is situated on the second floor, 40x80 feet, of No. 25 
Florence street, obtaining steam power from below. He employs fifty or sixty men, and con- 
tracts for buildings of every description in and around Marlboro. Among the more notable 
buildings recently erected by him, and which bear witness to his capacity, are Burke's fine 
modern three-story brick fjlock, 100 feet front; the Franklin block, Nos. 171 to 179 Main street, 
and the remodeling of the Central Hotel block for the Corey estate. In all of these both work 
and terms were satisfactory. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



'■43 




A FtTHUR «. a US TON 



PRANK & DUSTON, 



Manufacturers of Paper Boxes of All Kinds — No. 9 High Street, corner of Exchange. 

The Marlboro Paper Box Company established this factory in 1885, but, for reasons not nec- 
essary to recite, retired from business and was succeeded in January, 1889, by Messrs. Alfred 
R. Frank (for several years manager) and Arthur G. Duston, both young, vigorous, enterpris- 
ing and capable. The factory building is of four stories, crowned with a mansard roof, very 
attractive in appearance, and-contains 17,000 square feet of floorage, equipped in superb style 
with the latest improved machinery used in this industry, a 25-horse-power engine and a 40- 
horse-power tubular boiler, the surplus steam being used for heating and kindred purposes. 
The firm, who give their undivided personal attention to the various departments, employ regularly 
75 expert operatives, and, devoting themselves for the most part to the manufacture of shoe boxes 
for the local factories, turn out an average of 15,000 per diem, last year's output aggregating in 
value $50,000, which will projjably be exceeded by the figures for 1891. Orders are promptly 
and carefully filled. 

HENRY K. W. ANDREWS & SON, 



Contractors and Builders — Shops, Florence Street; Residence, No. 21 Highland St. 

Mr. Henry K. W. Andrews has been erecting buildings of wood and brick all over this part 
of the State for the past nineteen or twenty years, and has succeeded in making for himself a 
first-class reputation for mechanical skill and business ability, his transactions for several past 
seasons being very large and requiring the services of many workmen — thirty-five skilled me- 
chanics last year. On April i, this year, Mr. Andrews' son, Charles H., who is a practical 
mechanic, designer and builder, was admitted to full partnership, and the style was changed to 
that of Henry K. W. Andrews & Son, who continue to do business at the old stand, but with a 
greater force and wider field. 

Among the recent contracts awarded to and executed by them may be mentioned the great 
Commonwealth shoe factory, the Rice & Hutchings shoe factory, John Frye's shoe factory, 
and the St. Jean Baptiste block, Marlboro; a fine shoe factory at Hudson, and the immense 
new Stoneham shoe factory, the interior finished in hard pine, and acknowledged one of the 
best and most tasteful structures of the kind in the State. 

The Messrs. Andrews' shop, frame, 50x60 feet, is on Florence street, opposite the box fac- 
tory, supplied with steam power and all the latest improved machinery — band and circular 
saws, planing machinery, turning lathes, etc. — where a force of skilled mechanics are constantly 
employed in getting out material tor the thirty men who are engaged in building in this section 
under the supervision of Mr. Charles H. Andrews. The firm have important contracts at 
Bristol, Tennessee, where employment is given to thirty assistants, in the erection of several 
handsome residences, and where they have just been given the contract to build a large and 
beautiful hotel. The work there is at present under the personal supervision of Mr. Henry K. 
W. Andrews, who "fit into the war" and is a genial, public-spirited, popular citizen. If you 
are about to build a residence, a hotel, a factory, or other large buildings, a little care taken in 
the placing of orders to begin with will save much subsequent trouble, and you will profit by 
consulting Henry K. W. Andrews & Son, who know their business, make a practice of carry- 
ing out their agreements, and have a high reputation for prompt attention to orders in any sec- 
tion of the country. They guarantee first-class work, wood or brick, and give close personal 
supervision to their business, sparing no pains to maintain the enviable reputation so long 
enjoyed. 



244 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTR.'^TED. 




I 



CITY HALL — RL^RLBORO, MASS. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED, 245 

WOOD & WILLARD, 



Established i860 — Manufacturers of Boot and Shoe Machinery and Agents for 
McKay Parts — Builders of Fire Escapes, Passenger and Freight Elevators — 
Manufacturers of Shafting, Hangers, Pulleys, Sewing Machine Fixtures, Pipe 
Fittings and Valves — Repairers of All Kinds of Steam Engines — No. 129 
Lincoln Street. 

There is a constant and growing demand for shoe machinery of the better kinds, and for 
improvements upon that already in use — a demand, be it said, which meets with quick re- 
sponse, as witness the rapid increase in patents issued for new devices designed to improve the 
quality, augment the quantity and reduce the cost of footwear. A house that has achieved 
distinction in this branch of industry is that named above, established in i860. The rapid and 
steady increase of business called for enlarged quarters, better light and extended facilities gener- 
ally; therefore an entirely new frame building of their own was erected, upon the improved 
mill system, 50x74 feet, four stories in height, hard pine being used in the construction, the 
principal timbers 12x15 inches sfjuare. The floors are double, four inches thick, and through- 
out the shops are fitted up with all modern conveniences, including dust blowers, elevators, 
steam heat, etc., while the equipment of machinery and power is of the first order. Employing 
twelve or fifteen skilled mechanics, the firm carries a choice stock of materials and turns out 
large quantities of superior work, their leading specialties embracing the construction and repair 
of boot and shoe machinery (including the sale of McKay parts, for which they are agents); 
the supplying and fitting up of shat'ting, hangers, pulleys. Reeves' wood pulleys, iron pipe, 
fittings and valves, beside giving prompt and careful attention to the repair of steam engines 
and the erection of fire escap.es, in all of which they excel, as they do in the fitting up of steam 
piping and automatic sprinkling apparatus. Plans and estimates are furnished at short notice. 
Orders are also executed for all styles of steel rollers and stitchers for the use of rubber workers, 
and all who are in need of gilding and embossing machines, power and foot punches, power 
tip machines and dies, or have sewing and pegging machines to repair, will consult their own 
interests by sending to this concern. Messrs. Wood & Willard are also manufacturing to order 
a new elevator which for strength, security,. simplicity, compactness, durability and ease of 
carriage cannot be excelled — the invention of Mr. J. H. Belser, one of the best known pattern- 
makers and mechanics in this part of the State, now in Wood & Willard's employ. Some of 
the points of advantage possessed by this elevator are thus described: The worm gear and 
shaft are one solid steel forging. The drum gear is of composition. All bearings and pulleys 
are self-oiling. The shipping arrangement is entirely different from any other, very simple, 
and impossible to get out of order. In case the car gets caught in coming down the cable will 
slacken and the machine will stop; then, if the machine is started through carelessness before 
the catch is thrown back, it will not injure the machine. It also has a very simple attachment 
that will stop the machine when the car is at top or bottom of well in case the shipping cable is 
out of order or broken. They also manufacture a patent automatic gate which is very 
simple in construction, and a patent automatic stop motion attachment which will stop the car 
flush with every floor going either way. It is so arranged that it will stop at any floor it is set 
for without the operator riding with the car. All communications receive immediate and 
courteous attention. Address Wood & Willard, machinists and manufacturers, Marlboro, Mass. 



GLEASON HOUSE. 



James M. Gleason & Son, Proprietors — Nos. 71 to 79 Main Street. 

The tired and hungry traveler will find a warm welcome and an abundance of creature 
comforts at the well-known Gleason House, which has the reputation among those who have 
once enjoyed its hospitality (and always return when visiting Marlboro) of being in all respects 
one of ihe best kept and pleasantest hostelries in Massachusetts, outside of Boston. Mr. James 
M. Gleason, one of the most whole-souled, genial and popular gentlemen with all classes in the 
State, established this popular caravansary in 1885, where, aided by his amiable and estima- 
ble wife and a corps of painstaking and competent assistants eight in number, he has estab- 
lished an enviable reputation, especially among commercial travelers, to whom special rates 
are made. If ever there vvas an hotel where the management really strove to make guests feel 
at home it is the Gleason House. The ground floor of this handsome brick building, Nos. 71 
to 79 Main street, is devoted to a commodious office and writing-room; a large, elegantly 
lighted and cosy reading-room, supplied with newspapers and the current literature ot the day; 
a thoroughly equipped billiard and pool-room, and a neat and tastily arranged barber-shop and 
bath-rooms, under the supervision of his son, J. Henry Gleason, who became associated with 
his father in the management about the first of the year under the style J. M. Gleason & Son. 



246 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



On the second floor are the kixurious parlors, public and private, public and family dining- 
rooms, kitchen, pantry and living-rooms, while above are the sleeping-rooms, thirt)--three in 
number, beautifully furnished, light, airy, clean and commodious. The house is provided with 
steam heat, electric lights, fire escapes and everything that can conduce to the ease, enjoyment 
and safety of guests. The table is famous for abundance, the i/n's/'/u- beyond praise, and the 
service unexceptionable. To crown all, the house in sufficiently remote from the railroads to 
avoid noise, and rates are very low, accommodations considered. Mr. James M. Gleason has 
been known for years in connection with the fire department of Marlboro, having been an 
active official, and to him is due in a great measure the efficiency it has attained. As musicians 
he and his cultured family are widely known, and as a caterer for public and private dinners, 
weddings, receptions, festivals, and at the State militia encampments, none are more favorably 
or widely known. If you doubt the above facts, just call on Mr. Gleason and be convinced. 



E. F. LONGLEY, 



Manufacturer of Packing Boxes — Job Planing and Sawing, Knife Grinding, etc. — 

No. II Manning Street. 

This is one of the oldest and most extensive box-making plants in Middlesex county, estab- 
lished by Joseph Manning in 1865. The factory has been burned once or twice, and rebuilt, 
finally passing into the hands of Mr. E. F. Longley in 1885. He has considerably enlarged 
the building and appurtenances and increased the facilities, and has just completed the paper 
box'factory on an adjoining lot occupied by E. M. Lowe. His own premises comprise a one- 
story frame mill and shop 50x100 feet, fitted up with an 80-horse-power steam engine and 
boiler, saws, planers and woodworking appliances generally. Fifteen hands are steadily em- 
ployed, and besides averaging about 120,000 shoe lioxes — valued at $30,000 or $40,000 — 
annually, they do a good deal of other work in the way of job planing and sawing for build- 
ers, knife-grinding for leather and, paper goods manufacturers, and kindred services. 



WINDSOR HOUSE. 



Louis Houde, Proprietor- — Middleton Block, No. 224 Main Street. 

The little city of Marlljoro is not only a very busy but very attractive place, and is visited 
annually by thousands of travelers and tourists, all of whom who go away (for many remain) 
carry with them agreeable impressions of the people and their institutions, not the least 

feature of which is the com- 
modious and delightfully kept 
Windsor House, occupying 
the three upper floors of the 
Middleton block, with en- 
trances at Nos. 224 and 226 
Main street. The cordial and 
cheery reception extended by 
Mine Host Houde to all who 
favor him with a sojourn be- 
neath his roof is one of the 
charms which combine to 
render the house popular with 
wayfarers from all parts of 
the country, however diverse 
their tastes and occupations. 
Conveniently arranged, sump- 
tuously furnished, warmed by 
steam, lighted by electricity, 
provided with bath-rooms, hot and C(_ild water throughout, tire escapes, electric annunciators, 
etc., the house contains fitty-two clean and cosy sleeping apartments, a spacious dining-room, 
two elegant parlors, reading-room and ofiice, bar and barber-shop "and all desirable improve- 
ments in all departments. The table is first-class, lavishly supplied with the best and choicest 
food obtainable, including all seasonable dainties, appetizingly prepared by a master cook and 
politely served l>y attentive and unobtrusive waiters. Charges are reasonalile, and mercantile 
travelers and theatrical troupes are accorded the usual courtesies. Guests are transferred 
to and from trains on both roads free of charge. A very handsome and spacious 
office and billiard and pool hall on the ground floor, with entrance at No. 226 Main Street, 
have just been added. The office is a very spacious and liandsome aftair, with large plate glass 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



247 



■windows on front and side, giving the most perfect light for reading and writing jnu-poses, and 
the furnishings and fittings of the newest and latest kinds, making it altogether the most tasty 
as well as largest in the city. The billiard hall is supplied with new billiard and pool tables of 
the very latest styles and from the best manufacturers; the appointments are neat and pleas- 
ing to the eye, and this department is presided over by a skillful and competent manager with 
able assistants. The 'Middleton block was erected in 1882 and the Windsor o]iened liy Mr. 
Houde the next year, since which time he has continued at its head, with a hiatus of a few 
months only. A Canadian by birth, Mr. Houde has long been an American citizen and has 
had much experience as a caterer. 



JOHN T. STUART & CO., 



Silver and Nickel Platers — Manufacturers of the Wickersham Patent Quoins for 

Printers' Use — Lincoln Street. 

The firm of John T. Stuart & Co. is a new one, established early in the present year, and 
occupies the upper floor of a two-story frame building, 30x50 feet, on Mechanics square, where, 
equipped with the necessary appliances, including l)aths, dynamos and steam power, and sup- 
plying sufificient help, they are pre- 
pared to execute in the best manner 
and at short notice all orders for silver 
and nickel plating of every descrip- 
tion. The firm also make a specialty of 
manufacturing the new and remark- 
ably successful Wickersham patent 
printers' cjuoin — an implement which 
at once strikes the practical job typo 
as a long step toward if it is not 
perfection itself. The double wedge 
and ratchet cast iron quoin long ago 
superseded the old-style boxwood 
wedges, mallet and shooting stick in 
progressive printing houses, and now 
it seems the time has come for that 
innovation to make way for a still 
later and more practical improve- 
ment. The Wickersham quoin is 
composed of two principal pieces, 
grooved on the inner side and con- 
nected at the ends with lugs and dovetail which work freely, while the twin grooves are pro- 
vided with an eccentric steel disc in the centre of which is a square orifice for the insertion of a 
wrench, similar to that familiar to all printers. The two halves of the quoin proper are made 
of homogeneous metal, are about two inches and an eighth long, five-eighths high, and three- 
quarters of an inch thick, and may lie expanded by means of the wrench and disc to a width of 
a pica and a-half, which is wider than any quoin made, holding its place firmly without the 
possibility of slipping, preventing the sagging of furniture and consequent "pi."' There is no 
doubt of the general adoption of the new quoin when once introduced. Send for testimonals 
given by L. Barta & Co., Boston; Peter DeBaun & Co., J. W. Fratt & Son, Willis McDonald 
& Co., The Williams Printing Co., The Consolidated I'rinting and Publishing Co., Damon & 
Peets, James Connor lS; Sons, New York; The Wenborne Sumner Co., Batialo, X. V., and 
others. Mr. Stuart, who has personal charge of the works, is of English birth, and has resided 
here for fifteen years. He is about twenty-seven, a practical metal-plater and polisher, and 
formerly engaged in the leather-staining and blacking business on his own account. 




FRANK BILLINGS, 



Colorer of Leather, Crimper and Dealer in Leather Remnants— Lincoln Street. 

Mr. Frank Billings is a'native of Concord and a former resident of Hudson, whence he re- 
moved to Marlboro eleven years ago, and was for a long time superintendent of Mr. Elmer 
Loring's establishment. In September, 1890, he engaged in business for himself, and is rap- 
idly building up a large and prosperous trade. His premises comprise the second floor, 50x75 
feet in area, of a two-story building on Lincoln street, fitted up expressly for his occupancy 
and provided with all needed facilities for handling stock and performing the various operations 



248 



INLAND AIASSACHUSE-nS ILLUSTRATED. 



pertaining to the preparation of leather for thp „c^ ^f 

more men and transacts a lousiness ha w 11 aLr ' te ZTlT''''' ."^ ^"^P'^^'^ ^^ - 
making leading specialties of the coloring o cl' SLJ T th ^I'T 1° ^^°'T ^'' ''^"""•"' 
crniipmg of boot and shoe uppers. He also buys nn 1 , ''^'' °' '^' ^'' ^""^ the 

conducts a regular stock exchange for the conveSnce o' the Jrad?' ''^"'P^'°" ^^ '^^^er, and 

MARLBORO DIE COMPANY. 

S.F^Draper, F.T. Meagher-Manufact^i^^ of Cutting Dies P.n.rn= t. 

Knives, etc., for Cutting- Leather Clnth P.,,... v-"Liing uies, Patterns, Bresting 
Lincoln Str;et. ^ leather, Cloth, Paper, Veneers, etc.-Mechanics Square, 

This enterprise was started late in the fall of 1890 by Mr Frink T M i, u ■ . 

ast admitted to a copartnership Mr. S. F Draper, ^f Fly;|,Ve,"X\:;s'l;^|ag:d n^lVe^s mj 

!"■"" "'^ '" '.^" $y ■^°'"'^ y-rs ago'and has had l"ng 
experience in this branch of industry. The t^c 
ory, situated on Lincoln street, is a one-story frame 
st.ucture 30x60 teet, fitted up with appropriate ma- 
chinery and steam power, and giyes emplo>?ii.nt to a 
number of skilled workmen, ^Messrs. Draper and 
Meagher personally superintending all operations 
The specialties made here embrace eyery description 
ot cutting dies for the use of boot and'shoep^aper 
collar cuft, enyelope, suspender and leather <^oods 
n point of material, workmanship and S "'"rr'''' ,'''"'' '"''"''^''^'"S turned out is first-class 

required in any of the aboye inSri^^'wS ch ^re ac^^t^lySS f"'"^ ^""^'>'°*" ^^"^"^^ 
and make a superior line of heel bre tin.^ kniyes A ^nnH ^ 1°™ ''"^ §'^^" standard, 
Mr. Frank T. Meagher has been know wf.r vl g°ods made here are fully warranted. 

cutters in this section of the co^try and hTs s^ry ce?h°"' °/ '^' ^'''' ^"^ '"°^' ^"^^^-f"l ^^^ 
no cheap stock their dies are oT"SVery best^raTe an^^^ " '" great demand. As they use 

be afraid to order new dies, as those made bf diem can be ",7""/"' ^°' '^'''^ ^^>'^- ^on't 
any other manufacturers. Scallop and fanc) 'd s " s;;chlt. olde^T ""? '''" ^'°" °' 
ceiye prompt and skillful attention. ^^ a speciaJt) . Uiders by mail or express re- 




LOWELL. 



QN the 17th of July, 1605, General and Admiral Pierre du Gud vested bvthe 

tl e toy upon ,vh,cl, Newburyport now stands and d.scove el . e Me rimic o 

C U^'lndia'S " H'cil-lM.^rr""^ 1"' , "'A' ^--f" '"-'^f^™ 

tamed Thp X 1 u , ^^ ^' '■"'^^' '■'^'^ ^^'^ I'""^'^!^ "^^^e lias been re- 

gr "t r reh V fmnortwe '"'"' °' the Goncord and Merrimack meet ha.l a 
f4n th re o - cZn '^^^^^ '°t? ^'^'' l^^ '^'^} '' -^-V time prior to the establish - 
trihp. ^f T r r ] ^^ '""^^ the headquarters of one of the five oreat 

tnd^d "^^^^ New England. The sachemship of the Pa^tu^ke 

extended to the north and northeast of xMassachusetts bay the tribe nimiher 

ng over , .,000, and Wamesit, their capital, was here. This pot vvas d r to 

Here't e Fn.li' b f ' ""-^ ^''°'''' '° '^'' ^'''^'^'''' ^"^1 ^Pent many davs 

The fir t'eouf' ,•; ^Z!^ -^^S^^^r.t.s held court annually in thi month of My. 

now msses Pradi o 7v ""''^i °" '^' ^""'^ ^'^^°"§'^ ^^^^'<^h the Boot canal 

treet The Indi t '''' ^'f ^°^ "^'^"'^^ ^^^^^ °" -hat is now Appleton 

i4oS,:i^--j^t^:;iy^rj---o-w.^ 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



249 



transportation elsewhere by water. The passage of the riv^er here is difificult owing 
to Pawtucket tails, a violent current and sharp pointed rocks, which suggested the 
first canal. June 27, 1729, the General Court passed an act creating Dudley 
Atkins Ty'ig* William Coombs, Joseph Tyler, Nicholas Johnson and Joshua 
Carter a body politic and corporate forever under the title of the Proprietors 
of Locks and Canals on the Merrimack River, with the usual powers. A canal 



^m 







Cll'V HALL. 



one and-a-half miles long, entering the Concorda few rods above its junction with 
the Merrimack, was constructed. Lowell was taken from the northeastern part 
of Chelmsford. The territory which now comprises the city was orginally 
granted to Cambridge, June 2, 1641. June 2, 1793, James Sullivan and others 
were incorporated as proprietors of the Middlesex canal to improve the naviga- 
tion of the Merrimack. The canal was opened in 1796. In 1792 the first bridge 
was built over the Merrimack. In 1801 Moses Hale set up a carding machine 



250 



INLAND INIASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



in his mill on River Meadow brook. In 1812 John Goulding invented a very 
curious loom for weaving boot straps, driven by water. Goulding had a factory 
built for him on the Concord river. His rent was $200 a year, and there he 
spun cotton yarn in a small way — about 20 yards a day. He also had a carding 
machine for carding cotton and wool for spinning by hand and making home- 
spun cloth, and a machine shop for cotton and wool machinery. He made 




POST OFFICE BUILDING. 



suspender and boot webbings and had a tape loom. The war of 1S12 put a 
stop to English trade, and mills were built wherever water power could be found. 
Congress increased the duties, and in 181 2 Capt. Phineas Whitney and Col. Jonas 
Fletcher erected a building 50x60 and 40 feet high for a cotton factory, at a 
cost of $2,500, on the Concord river. This occupied a part of the present site 
of the Middlesex mills. In 181 8 they sold to Thomas Hurd, of Charlestown, 
and he fitted up the plant for the manufacture of woolen goods, employing 
twenty hands and producing from sixteen looms 120 yards of satinet per day. 
The whole process, carding, spinning, weaving and dyeing, was done in the mill. 
Mr. Hurd subsequently erected a brick edifice and converted both into a woolen 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



251 



factory which ran over fifty looms. Burned in 1826, the mills were rebuilt on 
a larger scale and sold in 1828 to the Middlesex Company. In 1816 two gain 
mills were built, one just below the bridge at Pawtucket falls, the other on the 
canal near the Concord river. 

Francis Cabot Lowell, born at Newburyport in 1775, and a graduate of Har- 
vard in 1793, went abroad for the purpose of obtaining information concerning 
the manufacture of cotton goods, with a view to its introduction into the United 
States. He investigated the whole process as known in Scotland and England. 
Wm. Horrocks, of Stockport, England, had patented a power loom in 1803 or 
1805, and another with improvements in 18 13, and, although he kept his secret, 
Lowell improved his opportunities and constructed one, and with Patrick T. 
Jackson, of Boston, established a cotton factory at Waltham. They associated 
themselves with some Boston merchants and obtained a charter, February, 181 3, 




]\I. V. M. ARMORY. 



under the name of the Boston Manufacturing Company, capital $100,000. Lowell 
was some time in perfecting his power loom, and, with the aid of a Mr. Moody, 
made many improvements on Horrocl<s' machine. They first had one loom in 
operation and produced cotton cloth that it was found would exceed the demand. 
Lowell thought the goods would not sell, and was willing to accept twenty-five 
cents per yard. He was advised by Nathan Appleton to send his product to 
B. C. Ward & Co., who sold it at auction for something over thirty cents 
per yard. This was the commencement of the practice of consigning goods on 
commission. The whole economy of cotton manufacturing was regulated by 
Lowell, who died in 181 7, aged forty-two years. 

February i, 1822, the Merrimack Manufacturing Company was incorporated 
by Kirk and John W. Boott, W'm. and Ebenezer Appleton ; capital $600,000. In 



252 



INLAND MASSACHTISETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



1822 the dam across the Merrimack at Pavvtucket falls was built, and on Sep- 
tember 23 of the same year the first mill on the Merrimack was completed, water 
was let into the canal, the wheel was started, and the first cloth made. The 
Merrimack print works were started in the autumn of 1824. In February, 1825, 
the Proprietors of the Locks and Canals on the Merrimack River voted to trans- 
fer the water power, locks, lands, machine shops, etc., to a new corporation — 
the Locks and Canals Company — retaining, however, the print works and suffi- 
cient water power for their operation. The Hamilton Manufacturing Company, 
capital stock $600,000, was incorporated and erected its original mill about this 
time, and here for the first time the ])o\ver loom was applied to weaving cotton 




I 



--^>^J-'X/MI7^^^.,,^^ 



MEMORIAL HALL. 



drilling and other twilled goods, and with such satisfactory results that in 1831 
the same parties, under the style of the Suffolk Company, built additional mills. 
ALarch 6, 1S26, the first steps were taken for the establishment of a separate 
town by the appointment of a committee to divide the territory into school and 
highway districts, the result of which was five school districts and an appropria- 
tion of $1,000 for school purposes. The final separation from Chelmsford did 
not occur, however, unti' 1830, when an act of incorporation was secured, the 
name of Lowell adopted (instead of Merrimack as at first intended), and the 
town government organized — Kirk Boott, moderator ; Samuel A. Coburn, clerk ;. 
Nathaniel Wright, Oliver M. Whipple and Samuel M. Bachelder, selectmen. 
Population, 6,477. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



253 



A daily stage line to Boston was established in 1S26, and in 1827 a daily 
mail to and from Boston was added to the business conveniences. 

In February, 1S2S, the Appleton Company — capital stock $600,000 — was 
incorporated, as was the Lowell Manufacturing Company, capital stock $2,000,- 
000, the latter locating temporarily at Medway until the completion of its mills 
at this point. The X,owell Bank was incorporated the following October, cap- 
ital stock $500,000. In 1 83 1 were incorporated the Suffolk Manufacturing 
Company, capital $600,000 ; the Tremont Mills, capital $600,000, and the 
Lawrence Manufacturing Company, capital $1,500,000. Then came the Lowell 
Bleachery in 1832, capital $300,000. 

Andrew Jackson, then president of the United States, visited Lowell in 1833. 




•ODD FELLOWS BVILDING* 
■LOWELL ■' M.-\^5-»- 
M E P P I L L i C V r L E P A f-.TiT) 



Two years later the populace were treated to a sample of Henry Clay's match- 
less eloquence. 

The Boott Cotton Mills were incorporated in 1835, capital stock $1,500,000. 

In November, 1835, the Lowell Courier started the agitation for incorpora- 
tion as a city, and at a lown meeting held the ensuing February commissioners 
were appointed who reported favorably upon the scheme. The Legislature 
promptly granted a charter, which was approved without dela\- by the celebrated 
Edward Everett, then governor of Massachusetts. Elisha Bartlett, a native of 
Smithfield, R. L, was the first mayor. 



254 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



Lowell performed a distinguished part in the war for the Union. Four com- 
panies of the famous Sixth Massachusetts, mobbed in Baltimore April i6, 1861. 
were from this city. In all Lowell furnished 5,266 men and officers to the 
Union armies and one eminent officer — Major-General Robert E. K. Whiting,, 
who was born here — to the Confederates. When it is recalled that at the close 
of hostilities in 1865 her population was only 30,75 7, it will be seen that her 
contribution of fightmg material was extremely liberal. Population in 1S90, 
77,605. Educational facilities are ample and of high order. 

The leading industries embrace the manufacture of cotton, woolen, felt, 
elastic, leather and paper goods, hosiery, bagging, lumber, bolts, nuts, machinery, 
boilers, engines, proprietary medicines, etc. The city boasts seven National, 
five savings and one co-operative bank. 

The newspaper press of Lowell is creditable in character and sufficiently 
strong in numbers for a much more populous city. They comprise the Lowell 




Hyii'^j fig & 



'^^4^'^^^'*^^^'* 



KiKrMMB?fi 



'«» - 






Iliilr Hi iiiiiiinifEitiiiiiiMiiiiiiii El I !!.... n!!!... 



MIDDLESEX COUNTY JAIL. 



Daily Courier ■siwA its weekly edition, the Journal; the latter was started June 
25, 1824, as the Chelmsford Courier, the named changed a year later to 
Phoenix, to Merrimack Journal xw 1826, and to Loivell Journal in 1827. It was 
made a daily September 1 7, 1S31, but soon abandoned the attempt and re- 
turned to the weekly plan. Publication was suspended in 1834, but resumed as 
the Journal and Mercury m. 1S35. The latter name was subsequently drop- 
ped. The Courier was established as a tri-weekly evening paper January 6, 
1835. I'^ June, 1836, the time of publication was changed to morning, but 
resumed as an evening paper in May, 1841, and was made a daily July 1, 1845, 
Throughout its career the Courier has under all circumstances and at all times, 
in season and out of season, zealously and consistently supported such measures 
and men as were and are opposed to the democracy. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



255 



The Daily Morning Times, established August 23, 1872, is the democratic 
organ, and an intelligent, earnest and influential representative of that great 
party. 

Vox Populi, originally started as an independent paper with the object of 
correcting public abuses and affording a channel for criticism of local and 
State administration, is now a republican organ, but still claims the largest circu- 
lation of any Lowell paper. 

The Lome II Daily Citizen is the result of a consolidation, April 28, 1856, of 
the Daily Morning News, the American Citizen, and the Daily Citizen. It has 
always been republican in politics. 

The Lowell Morning Mail \\Si% started in July, 1S79. From the first it has 
supported the claims of the republican party. The weekly edition is called the 
Saturday Evening Mail. 

The Sini is the most enterprising, wide-awake and prosperous of Lowell's 
dailies. The first issue was dated August 10, 1S78. Democratic, liberal and 
progressive, The Sun deserves and enjoys public confidence and patronage in 
an exceptional degree. 

The Lowell Daily Neios is another successful and influential democratic 
paper, established may, 1884. 

There are two French papers here, Z' Union and D Etoile, both liberally 
supported by the Canadian French residents. 

As a newspaper graveyard Lowell takes the palm, not less than eighty dailies, 
tri-weeklies, semi-weeklies, weeklies, semi-monthlies and monthlies having 
perished here from the same cause — starvation — since the incorporation of the 
city. Sic transit gloria iniindi ! 



SHAW STOCKING COMPANY. 



F, J. Dutcher, President; Josiah Butler, Treasurer and Clerk; Geo. L. Hooper, 
Manager ; J. F. Gordon, Superintendent — Manufacturers of the Shawknit 
Hosiery — Corner of Smith and Shaw Streets. 

There are stockings and stockings, and there are besides many imitations that cannot be 
classified; but the man that has never indulged in Shawknit stockings can hardly establish a 

claim to knowledge of luxury in dressing the feet. The writer 
of this has worn them for several years, and, after an experience 
of half a century with imported and domestic hosiery, un- 
hesitatingly awards the palm, so far as comfort, neatness and 
duraljility are concerned, to the stockings manufactured at 
Lowell, worn by discriminating people, and recognized by 

the trade-mark : ^^M^^U^ 

These stockings are made from the best cotton, merino and 
woolen yarns, hand-finished, and dyed in unfading colors, and 
if there is a weak spot anywhere in them, we have failed to 
discover it. The Shaw .Stocking Company was incorporated 
with $30,000 capital stock in October, 1877, for the manu- 
facture of stockings upon the knitting loom invented by Ben- 
jamin Franklin Shaw. Eight looms were at once constructed and the company began opera- 
tions in limited quarters on Broadway. The success of the enterprise was immediate and pro- 
nounced; the goods sold on sight wherever shown; the demand very soon outgrew the supply; 
and an increase of productive capacity became imperative. The capital stock was increased, 
February, 1879, to $160,000; land was bought, a factory erected, looms were Ijuilt and set up, 
and January i, 1880, the new plant was set in motion. In May following the capital stock 
was again increased — this time to $240,000 — the factory buildings were enlarged, additions 
were made to the machinery outfit then and subsequently, and this is now, with $360,000 
capital stock, one of the largest establishments of its kind in the United States. The mill pro- 




256 



INLAND WASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



per is a two-story-and-basement brick structure, 40 feet front by 240 feet deep, adjacent to 
which are a dye-house 30x80 feet, a three-story-and-basement building 40x70 feet devoted 
entirely to dyeing and finishing the Snowblack hosiery, and a two-story warehouse 50x50 feet, 
the whole heated by steam, lighted by gas, and provided with every useful modern convenience. 
A forty-horse-power steam engine drives the outfit of machinery, which embraces 257 Shaw 
stocking-looms and many other machines. The operatives number 500, and the mill, run to 
its full capacity every working day in the year, produces an average of 800 dozen pairs of 
stockings daily — 240,000 to 250,000 dozens or 2,880,000 pairs yearly. Selling direct to the 
trade east, west, north and south, the company accumulates no stock, but is constantlv en- 
gaged in a hard tussle with advance orders. This prosperous business was managed by Mr. 
Shaw, the inventor, until he died, in the winter of 1890-91. His patents were unsuccessfully 
contested in England, where he introduced his loom some years ago. 



_-^^^*W^ 


1 SHERWOOD'S 


__^'4^- ^ „_^_^ 


STANDARD 1^**^ 


,J^;^S!^ 


^IWHITE LUSTRALI 


Jc iL-t--^-— ^ 


WIRE WARE. 



WOODS, SHERWOOD & CO., 

Manufacturers of Sherwood's Patent White Lustral Wire Ware — No. 150 Bridge St. 

Mr. Sherwood was the inventor and patentee of the articles at first made by this hou se, bu 
the beautiful, durable and economical as well as extremely useful white lustral wire ware with 
which the trade and the housekeepers of the country are now familiar was originated by Mr. 

Woods, assisted by Mr. Sherwood and others as to particular de- 
signs and others details. In 1861 the gentlemen named formed a 
co-partnership under the style of Woods, Sherwood & Co., and 
began manufacturing — at first, of course, on a limited scale, but in- 
creasing facilities and output to keep pace with the demand, which 
has steadily augmented and continues to grow. In 1866 the firm 
was reinforced by the accession of Mr. C. H. Latham, and since 
then its great commercial triumphs have been won and markets 
made in every State of the Union, in Canada, Mexico, South 
America, Australia and other countries. The works, employing 
seventy hands, occupy a substantial modern frame three-story build- 
ing at No. 150 Bridge street, upon which thoroughfare it fronts 45 
feet, with a depth of 120 feet. Steam power, steam heat, gas light 
and all conceivable conveniences are provided, while the 
equipment of ingenious machinery is complete in every de- 
partment. The product is extremely large, averaging about 
60,000 dozen of neat, strong and salable white lustral twisted 
wire goods that comprise every article of the kind required in 
the household, restaurant, office, etc. — holders, handles, 
rods, easels, stands, baskets, egg beaters, vegetable boil- 
ers, broilers, casters, toilet boxes, traps, brackets, trays, 
tongs, chains, racks, cases, drainers, drippers, epergnes, 
forks, toy furniture, gas heaters, gypsy kettles, picture hang- 
ers, flower baskets, nut picks, pie racks, plate lifters, potato 
mashers, toasters, sad iron stands, splasher rods, strainers, 
table mats, tea and coftee balls, pot stands, vases, watch 
stands, and many other articles. ^Iedals and diplomas have 
been awarded Woods, Sherwood & Co. at the following fairs 
and expositions held in our own and other countries : Mary- 
land Institute, 1867, Diploma: Middlesex Mechanics' Asso- 
ciation, 1867, Silver J/edtrl : New Hampshire Mechanics' 
and Art Association, 1868, Gold Medal; Massachusetts 
Charitable Mechanic Association, 1869, Bronze Medal; New 
England Agricultural Society, 1871, First Premium, Silver 
.]fed(il ; New England Agricultural Society, 1872, First 
Premium, Silver Medal ; Cincinnati Industrial Exposition, 
1872, First Premium, Silve;- Medal ; Cincinnati Industrial 
Exposition, 1873, First Premium, Silver Medal ; Massa- 
chusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, 1874, Diploma; International Exhiliition of Chili, 
1875, Bronze Medal: Centennial International Exhibition, Philadelphia, 1876, Bronze 
Medal ; Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, 1878, Bronze Medal : International 
Exhibition, Sydney, N. S. W., 1879, First Premium, Bronze Medal ; World's Industrial and 
Cotton Centennial Exposition, New Orleans, 1884-5, Bronze Medal; North Central and 
South America Exposition, New Orleans, 1885-6, Bronze Medal. 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



257 



ANDREWS & WHEELER, 



Manufacturers of Fine Granite and Marble Monumental and Cemetery Work — 
No. 41 Thorndike Street, Adjoining Northern Depot. 

Thirty-four years ago — in 1857 — Messrs. Andrews & Winter formed a copartnership that 
lasted for three years, when, in i'86o, Mr. Winter retired, and in 1877 Mr. Charles Wheeler 
accepted an invitation from Mr. Charles H. Andrews and the present firm of Andrews & 
Wheeler was established. Both are men of taste, culture and practical experience, competent 
to design and execute with their own hands every description of monumental work, and con- 
sequently have made for themselves a high reputation besides securing a very extensive pat- 
ronage from that large and growing class of people who appreciate what is artistic and appro- 
priate in memorials to departed friends. Examples of their skill are seen in the cemeteries 
of Lowell and within a radius of twenty-five miles, in addition to which they have filled many 
orders for shipment to western points, and so far as known they have invariably rendered entire 
satisfaction in every instance. The firm have well-appointed premises — office, wareroom tor 
the exhibition of sculpture, work-shops, granite sheds, yard, etc. — at No. 41 Thorndike street, 
adjoining the Northern depot, where they employ about twenty expert assistants and are pre- 
pared to execute every description of monumental and cemetery work in the best style ancl on 
reasonable terms. A specialty is made of memorials from original designs of their own or 
others' conception, and drawings and estimates are submitted when required. 



LOWELL TRUNK MANUFACTORY. 



Patrick F. Devine — Manufacturer of Trunks, Bags, Valises, Extension Cases and 
Fancy Leather Goods, Wholesale and Retail — No. 32 Middlesex Street. 

Among the minor industries that diversify and add to the variety of callings in which the 

citizens of Lowell are engaged, that of trunk man- 
ufacturing is of no little importance, since it tends to 
keep in circulation at home considerable money that 
would otherwise go elsewhere. The leading repre- 
sentative of this interest is the Lowell trunk man- 
ufactory, established four or five years ago by 
Devine «S: Flanagan, to whom Mr. Patrick Devine 
succeeded on the 13th of August last. The factory, 
situated at No. 32 Middlesex street, is a one-story 
frame structure 20x50 feet in extent, fitted up with 
all requisite appliances, and furnishes employment to 
a number of expert workmen, turning out large 
quantities of superior alligator and sole-leather, can- 
vas, zinc and paper-covered traveling trunks and 
sample trunks, sample and traveling cases and bags, 
and a general line of travelers' goods in handsome 
styles ancl of the best material and workmanship. Mr. Devine is an experienced and skillful 
mechanic, formerly with Josiah Cummings and T. J. Graham of Boston, and personally super- 
intends the factory. 




SCRIPTURE'S LAUNDRY, 

Frank K. Stearns, Proprietor — No. 116 Lawrence Street. 

This laundry was estabhshed in 1876 by Isaac F. Scripture, to whom Frank K. Stearns 
succeeded in 18S0. The latter has had long and varied experience in the business, and the 
work done here gives satisfaction, extraordinary care being exercised to please and to prevent 
annoyance from the loss or temporary mislaying of goods, while superior work and prompt 
deHvery are characteristic of the establishment under the existing management. Lace curtains 
and Holland shades receive especial attention, the latter being done up by a process of their 
own that prevents tearing or other injury and in unequaled style. The building is a two-story 
frame structure, 90 feet front by 55 feet deep, neat, clean, perfectly lighted and ventilated, 
provided with all conveniences, including a ten-horse-power steam engine and boiler of ample 
capacity for all needs, and fitted up with all improved modern laundry machinery and ap- 
pliances. Thirty-five people are employed, and the capacity is about 18,000 pieces per week. 
Most of the patronage is from regular city customers, though much is sent in from the surround- 
ing towns. Shirts, fold and cape collars, are ironed entirely by hand. 



19 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 259 

J. C. AYER CO. 



Jacob Rogers, President; Frederick Ayer, Treasurer — Proprietors and Manufac- 
turers of Ayer's Sarsaparilla, Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, Ayer's Hair Vigor, 
Ayer's Ague Cure, and Ayer's Cathartic Pills — Laboratory, Market Street, 
Office and Warehouse, No. g8 Middle Street. — See Illustration on Opposite 
Page. 

The aspiration to relieve and remedy human suffering is a noble one, and when that aspira- 
tion is seconded by intelligent, well-directed effort, the results attained entitle the laborer to the 
appellation of philanthropist. This is especially true in the field of medicine — a profession 
which has contributed to the annals of the race such deathless names as Jenner, Pasteur, Koch 
and Mackenzie. Equally with these — perhaps in an even greater degree — the name of Ayer is 
worthy of honor, while there is no question that among the masses of mankind it is far better 
known and more affectionately regarded that that of either of the illustrious investigators and 
discoverers first referred to. James Cook Ayer was born at Groton, Conn., May 5, 1818, at- 
tended the common school there, and afterward took a course at the Westford (Mass.) acad- 
emy. From 1838 to 1842 he was clerk and student of pharmacy in the drug-store of Jacob 
Robbins of Lowell, studied medicine at a later period with Dr. Samuel L. Dana, and was 
eventually graduated with the degree of M. D. by the Univ^ersity of Pennsylvania. Mean- 
while, in April, 1841, he purchased the Robbins drug-store, and developed by investigation 
and experiment the now world-famous Cherry Pectoral, the success of which as a specific for 
coughs, colds, lung and throat troul^les rendered the subsequent introduction of his later prep- 
arations a comparatively easymatter, such is the prestige of an initial triumph fairly won. Dr. 
Ayer's first removal was from Central street to the present Mail building, and in June, 1855, 
his brother Frederick became associated with him and the style Dr. J. C. Ayer- & Co. was 
adopted by the new firm. Phenomenal prosperity ensued; within three years manufacturing 
facilities proved inadequate to meet demands, and a second removal became unavoidable, the 
firm occupying what is now, with numerous additions and extensions and thorough remodeling, 
the Market street laboratory, an immense four-story brick structure, perfectly arranged and 
equipped in all departments, with boiler and engine in the cellar, press-room on the ground 
floor, shipping-room on the second, bindery on the third, and laboratory on the fourth floor, 
the building containing over 39,200 square feet of floorage. The press, used for printing al- 
manacs in nearly all modern languages, is of special design, constructed on the rotary web 
perfecting principle, self-inking, self-feeding, with capacity for printing and folding, ready for 
the binder, 100,000 complete 32-page almanacs daily. If required, the company can make and 
distribute from this single machine 26,000,000 of almanacs annually — more than enough to 
supply every family in the United States. Eight hundred tons of paper are consumed by this 
press annually. The work of the other departments is conducted upon a similar gigantic 
scale, shipments averaging seventy-five gross of the various preparations per diem. Bottles are 
received at the rate of a car-load every working day, and the record of 120 days shows arrivals 
of 1 192 tons, or 3,084,624 empty bottles. In 1872 Dr. J. C. Ayer & Co. bought a plot of land 
in the rear of the laboratory and fronting on Middle street — the site of the old Green school- 
house — and erected thereon a large office and warehouse structure, bridges spanning the rail- 
road track and connecting the two buildings. The new premises served their purpose very 
well until a year or two ago, when the J. C. Ayer Company (organized and incorporated 
October 24, 1877, capital $300,000) added one story and a modern business front to this 
edifice, makiug it five stories in height, with a total of over 44,000 square feet in area, and one 
of the most attractive and commodious, as well as most elegantly fitted and convenienf com- 
mercial blocks in New England. The office alone affords 7360 square feet of floorage, and is a 
vast hive of business, no less than sixty male and female clerks, stenographers, type-writers, 
book-keepeers and managers of departments being employed there, under tlie experienced and 
watchful eye of Mr. Frederick Ayer, the treasurer, who, though advanced in years, is fully 
capable of performing the labors and carrying the responsibilities that devolve upon him. We 
feel that our description of this mammoth concern is inadequate in the matter of details, but 
plead lack of space as our excuse, for nothihg would please us better than to delineate iit cx- 
tciiso each department and the operations carried on therein. We may add, however, that the 
J. C. Ayer Company leases the big brick block adjoining the laboratory on Market street, 
where are stored vast quantities of raw materials, paper, bottles, etc.; that they employ in all 
over 250 people, and that they are the leading manufacturers of proprietary medicines in the 
world, their unrivaled Sarsaparilla, Cherry Pectoral, Hair Vigor, Ague Cure and Cathartic 
Pills being as well known and as popular in the remotest quarters of the globe as in the most 
enlightened portions of Europe and America. 



26o 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRAIED. 



THE SWAIN TURBINE AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 




A. F. Nichols, Treasurer and Manager — • 
Manufacturers of Swain Turbine Water 
Wheels — A. F. Nichols, Iron and Brass 
Founder — ^A^orks : Nashua, N. H., and 
No. lo Willie Street, Lowell. 

The Swain Turbine is no new and unproved 
experiment, but an established success of many 
years' standing, ranking with the best and most 
generally used water-wheels extant. The inven- 
tion of A. M. Swain, this wheel has been con- 
structed at Nashua, N. H., by the Swain Turbine 
Company, and finally by the .Swain Turbine and 
Manufacturing Company, incorporated under the 
laws of Massachusetts in 1874 ; capital stock 
$125,000. For some years past Mr. A. F. 
Nichols has been treasurer and general manager, 
making the patterns and castings at his foundry. 
No. 10 Willie street, Lowell, and shipping the 
same to Nashua, where the machinists' work is 
done and the wheels finished and made ready for 
delivery. They are held in high estimation by 
water-using mill owners all over the United 
States, and their popularity in this vicinity and 
throughout New England is attested by the 
great number employed by leading manufacturing 
corporations here and elsewhere, the Merrimack 
manufacturing Company having one, the Hamil- 
ton Manufacturing Company two, the Boott 

Cotton Mills nine, the Lawrence Manufacturing Company five, the Massachusetts Cotton 

Mills eight, the Wamesit Power Company one, the INIiddlesex Company two, while a 

large number are in constant and satisfactory use at other 

points, among the owners being the Pacific Mills, the ^ 

Russell Paper Company and others at Lawrence ; Moses 

T. Stevens & Sons, Haverhill and Andover ; the Warren 

Cotton Mills, West Warren ; the Paul Whitin Manutac- 

turing Company, Northbridge ; the Washburn & Moen 

Manufacturing Company, Worcester ; the Worthy Paper 

Company, Mittineague ; Byron Weston, Dalton ; the Lan- 
caster Mills, Clinton ; C. G. Sargent's Sons, Graniteville ; 

S. D. Warren, Boston ; Manchester Mills, Manchester, 

N. H.; the Underbill Edge Tool Company, Nashua, N. H.; 

the Cumberland Mills, Cumberland, Me.; B. B. & R. 

Knight, Providence, R. L (twenty-one); the Pawtuckel 

Hair Cloth Company, Pawtucket, R. L; Stephen Sanford, 

Amsterdam, N. Y.; Cohoes Cas Light Company, Cohoes, 

N. v.; Republic Iron Company, Marquette, Mich., and 

the Camperdown Cotton Mills, Greenville, S. C. August 

3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, 1874, at the Boott Cotton Mills, James 

B. Francis, C. E., the well-known Lowell civil engineer, 

tested a seventy-two-inch .Swain turbine, with results thus 

technically stated: " From 9-inch gate to 13.08-inch gate, 

or say from about two-thirds gate to full gate, the maximum 

co-ef!icient of useful effect varies from 0.828 to 0.839, or 

about one per cent.; the velocity of the exterior circumfer- 
ence of the wheel relatively to the velocity due the head, 

corresponding to the maximum coefficient of useful effect, 

being for 9-inch gate about 0.720, and for full gate about 

0.765. At half-gate the maximum coefficient of useful 

effect is about 0.78, at a relative velocity of about 0.68. At 

one-quarter-gate, the maximum coefificient of useful effect is about 0.61 at a relative velocity of 

about 0.66." Mr. A. F. Nichols, who now owns the majority of the stock and controls the Swain 

Turbine and Manufacturing Company and its output, has been engaged in the iron and brass 

foundry business here for nearly thirty-three years. From 1858 to November i, 1890, he was. 




INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



261 



iunior member of the firm of Cole & Nichols, proprietors of the Lowell foundry, of which he is 
now sole owner. The Lowell foundry plant, situated at No. 10 Willie street, foot of Button, 
comprises a two-story frame building 70x174 feet, connected with which are sheds, yards, etc., 
the whole covering an area of 100x450 feet. The equipment of both foundry and pattern 




shop is complete, including" ample steam power ; from forty to fifty hands are employed here, 
and the output of light and heavy machinery and brass castings is worth from $60,000 to 
$70,000 per annum. These include driving-wheel lathes, axle and car-wheel lathes, pumps, 
shafting, hangers, pulleys, and castings for Swain turbines, in the finishing and fitting-up of 
which from twenty to twenty-five men are employed at Nashua. Considerable of the work done 
in the two establishments is exported to other countries, Mexico and Australia being the best 
foreign consumers. 

LOWELL STEAM BOILER WORKS. 



Richard Dobbins — Manufacturer of Steel and Iron Steam Boilers, Plate Work 
Generally, and Dobbins' Hollow Steam Press Plates — Tanner Street, near 
Boston & Lowell R. R. 
The Lowell steam boiler works date from 1856, when Mr. William Dobbins embarked in 
the business of supplying mill-owners and others with boilers and plate iron work of all kinds. 
The shops have occupied their present location on Tanner street for about fifteen years, and 
have been under the sole ownership of Mr. Richard Dobbins (a brother of the founder) for a 
still longer period. The works, burned Aug. 21, 1891, and since re-built on a larger scale, 
are provided with new and improved machinery that will increace the productive capacity at 
least one-third, while from fifty to eighty skilled workmen are employed, the number de- 
pending upon the state of trade, though transactions average $125,000 per annum, orders 
being filled not only for shipment to every State in the Union but for export, mostly to the 
Central and South American republics, Mexico and the West Indies. Every description 
of steel and iron steam boilers are made here from selected materials and in the best style 
of workmanship, a specialty being made of Corliss upright nest boilers, and another of 
Dobbins' celebrated hollow steam press plates. Facilities in all departments are, however, 
first class, and those in want of penstocks, flumes, water, soap and oil tanks, tar and 
jacket kettles, hydraulic, screw and tallow presses, fire scapes, etc., are invited to correspond 
with or call upon Mr. Dobbins, as are those who desire to purchase, sell or exchange second- 
hand boilers of any kind. Attention is also given to repairs of boilers and plate work 
generally. 

ST. CHARLES HOTEL. 



Charles M. Dickey, Proprietor — Nos. 171 to 183 Middlesex Street. 

The St. Charles, which ranks with the best hotels in the interior of New England, was 
erected fifteen or sixteen years ago by the late Sam. T. Dresser, who managed it for some years 
and then started the Dresser House, where he died in 1890. Mr. Charles M. Dickey took 
charge of the St. Charles in 1888, and by close attention to the wants of the traveling public 
has made it extremely popular, setting a sumptuous table and in all possible ways ministering to 



262 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



the comfort and pleasure of his guests, both transient and permanent — and of the latter he has 
many, for no one is more appreciative of the good things of this life than the regular experienced 
boarder. In the hard work of popularizing and bringing the house to its present condition of 
prosperity Mr. Dickey has been and is ably assisted by his courteous and obliging clerk, Mr. 
Arthur Clordon, a favorite with all who have business or social relations with him, as is also 
Mr. Dickey himself. The St. Charles is a large and well-appointed hotel, conveniently situated, 
brick, four stories in height, with neat oftice, reading and billiard-rooms, bar, barber shop, etc., 
on the first floor; sitting-rooms, parlors, dining-room that will accommodate 125 guests at once 
on the second, and fifty cosy, clean and delightful bed chambers on the third and fourth floors, 
with baths, hot and cold water, gas and electric lights, and electric bells and fire escapes 
throughout. A marble staircase for the use of ladies, children and their protectors forms the 
private means of access to the upper floors, avoiding the office. The service is unexceptionable, 
and those who once partake of the St. Charles' hospitality will be certain to repeat the exper- 
ience when they again visit Lowell. Terms are very low, accommodations and facilities con- 
sidered. 



LOWELL SCALE COMPANY, 



Manufacturers of Scales and Weighing Machines — No. 265 Middlesex Street. 

The Lowell Scale Company is a new enterprise, established last year by Messrs. True 

Morton, G. A. Tovvle and N. E. Annis. The 
first and last nametl are practical scale makers, 
Mr. Morton having had an experience of nearly thirty- 
tour and Mr. Annis of more than twenty-five years 
in the business. The shops occupy floor space 45 
XI 10 feet, and are well equipped with requisite 
appliances, machinery and steam power, with capacity 
for manufacturing 2000 scales per annum. They are 
now introducing their scales and soliciting inspection, 
but have already filled many orders and are confident 
that within a short time they will be shipping to all 
parts of the world in successful competition with the 
old established manufacturers, because their scales 
embrace all modern improvements, are of superior 
construction, accuracy and durability, and are in all 
respects the best article of the kind ever oflered at the 
price, provided with all iron and wood center platforms, 
cast steel and hardened bearings, patent self adjusting 
platform bearings, brass sliding poise, hardwood pillar 
and cap, etc. Messrs. Morton and Towle are natives 
of Maine, Mr. Annis of \'ermont. 




41 



\ 



JAMES A. READY, 



Manufacturer of Steam Boilers, Tanks, Steam Pipe, Steam Press Plates, Fire 

Escapes, etc. — Fay Street. 
Mr. James A. Ready is a native of Lowell and an expert plate steel and iron worker, for a 
long time foreman of the Lowell steam boiler works, which he resigned in May of last year to 
establish himself in business on his own account — a venture that has alreatly proved finite 
successful, while the prospects for the future are very bright indeed. His works and othce on 
Fay street comprise a one-story frame building 50x60 feet in area, a 20-foot addition being 
used for boiler and engine-room and for storage purposes. At present he does not require 
many assistants, but his working force, though small in numbers, makes up in skill for that 
deficiency, having been carefully selected by Mr. Ready from his former shopmates, and not a 
few ol them have worked beside him or under his direction for years. His patronage at this 
time is principally from local mill owners and manufacturers, with occasional orders from sur- 
rounding villages, but is steadily growing l)oth in volume and territory. Parties in want of 
anything in his line will consult their own interest by conferring with Mr. Ready, whose 
specialties embrace every description of steam boilers, tanks, penstocks, steam pipes, steam 
press plates, turbine wheel plates, draft tubes, tar and jacket kettles, liners for paper engines, 
etc., together with fire-escapes and plate work of all kinds. He has devoted much attention to 
boilers for steam heating, and will construct these in the best style and upon approved jirin- 
ciples. Repairs are promptly made by skilled workmen, and every job turned out is fully war- 
ranted. The works, which are provided with telephone connection, are reached by the 
Corham street cars. Mr. Ready's residence is at No. iiS Walker street. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



263 



P. H. HEELON, 



Sales, Boarding and Livery Stable — Nos. 247 and 249 Gorham Street. 
Mr. Heelon started in business three years ago, when he bought out and assumed the man- 
agement of a stable qn Prescott street. A year later he secured and took possession of the 
more desirable and commodious premises Nos. 247 and 249 Gorham street — a large three-story 

frame structure 57 
feet front and 125 
feet deep. On the 
ground floor is the 
stable, nicely 
drained and well 
ventilated, clean 
and comfortaljle, 
containing f or ty- 
nine stalls ; the 
carriage-room, fill- 
ed with handsome 
vehicles of all 
kinds, is on the 
second floor, which 
is also utilized in 
part for the storage 
of hay, straw, grain, mill and chopped feed, etc. A large stock of fine horses is kept for 
hire, and perhaps as many are" boarded for private owners, while numbers of transients are fed 
and cared for every day, nine or ten hostlers and other help being employed. Horses are also 
l)ought and sold when desired, and excellent bargains are frequently oftered. Those in want 
of fine teams, buggies and carriages for pleasure or business driving, or of hacks for wed- 
dings, parties, funerals or passenger transfer, will be accommodated at reasonable figures. 
Special rates are made for commercial travelers. Mr. Heelon is a wide-awake, enterprising, 
genial man, and personally quite popular with all who know him. He has just put in a new 
stock of Killam hacks and other fine carriages. 




MECHANICS SAVINGS BANK. 



Jeremiah Clark, President; Charles C. Hutchinson, Treasurer; Wm. F. Hills, 
Teller — Mechanics Bank Block, No. 128 Merrimack Street. 

The Mechanics Savings Bank, one of tlie representatives of an unecjualed monetary system, 
was incorporated March i, 1861. The institution, formerly located on Shattuck street, was 
removed to the commodious four-story brick structure — the property of the corporation — on 
Merrimack street, when completed in 1873. The banking-rooms are situate on the second 
floor. In addition to the officers named above Messrs. Jacob Rogers, Isaac Cooper, Alexander 
G. Cumnock, Ferdinand Rodliff and Julian V. Keyes are vice-presidents, with a board of 
trustees made up from the best element of the lousiness public. Numlier of depositors, 4937. 
Dividends for 1S90, 2 per cent, semi-annually. 



SAMUEL G. COOPER, 

Manufacturer of Copper Stamps and Stencils — Dealer in Stampmg Inks and Sup- 
plies — No. 120 Central Street. 

Mr. Cooper has lieen in the same business in this city since 1872 — up to 1S85 as junior part- 
ner in the firm of Corner and Cooper, Mr. Corner retiring at that time. The establishment oc- 
cupies the entire second floor, 60x80 feet, of the brick building No. 120 Central street, and is 
one of the best appointed and most thoroughly equipped of the kind in the country, giving em- 
ployment to five or six skillful stamp and stencil designers and cutters. Mr. Cooper is a noted 
expert, and his work, tasty and perfect in execution, .is found all over the United States and 
Canada, wherever a cotton gr woolen mill is running, in addition to wliich he is beginning to 
fill orders for shipment beyond seas, having recently made a heavy consignment to China. His 
annual sales range from $5,000 to $7,000. Mr. Cooper's specialties embrace every description 
of copper stamps and stencils for cotton and woolen mills, bleacheries and hosieries, head 
stamps for broadcloths, cassimeres and flannels. He also carries large stocks of and will 
promptly fill orders tor black, blue and red stamping inks, stamping presses, stamping boxes 
and stamping supplies generally. 



264 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



«A, 







A.GPersons. 
S.e.Wood. 
.E.A.Mansur. 



^ 

.<^, 



feH% .<^|.l^C' 







LKlHf 




(/>« *-■ 



I 



^aa^ 



It is not necessary to descrilie the process of roll-coverins^, as the general reader would take 
no interest in it and the work is familiar to mill-owners and the trade. Probably the oldest 
roll-covering establishment in Lowell is that of John 'I'ripp iX: Co., founded by the late John 
Tripp in 1852, when he began operations on a small scale in a shop situated in the yard of the 
Massachusetts Corporation. After his death in 1S88 the Ijusiness was continued by the present 
firm of John Tripp & Co., composed of Messrs. A. C. Persons and S. C. Wood (both \'ermont- 
ers and for twenty-five years connected with the concern as employees and partners) and 
Mrs. E. A. Mansur, a daughter of Mr. Tripp. The works are now situated on the ground 
floor of the Mechanics' mills, Dutton street, occupying one room 40x80 feet, and are com- 
pletely equipped with Newell Wyllys' machines and other ingenious modern appliances, driven 
by steam power. From eighteen to twenty experts are employed, and a vast amount of su- 
perior work is done, mostly for regular customers in New England, though two Indiana and 
one .South Carolina mills obtain all their new rolls and have all their old ones recovered here. 
.Some idea of the amount of Inisiness transacted may be drawn from the materials consumed, 
which average 18,000 sheepskins, many thousand calfskins and 12,000 yards of woolen goods 
per annum. The plant is one of the most complete of the kind in the country; only the best 
workmen are employed, and the reputation of the house for skill and promptitude is of the best. 
Those who are dissatisfied with their rolls are invited to send in sample orders, which will re- 
ceive immediate and careful attention. Where it is inconvenient or unadvisable to send rolls, 
the firm manufactures cotts from selected sheep and calf to fit any kind of rolls, and they can 
be put on at the mill. All work is guaranteed. The firm refers to its numerous patrons, among 
whom may be named the Hoott Cotton Mills, the Massachusetts and Prescott Cotton Mills, the 
Tremont and Suffolk Mills, the Lawrence Manufacturing Company, the Appleton Company, 
the Lowell Machine Shop, of Lowell; Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company, of Salem, Mass.; 
and many small mills in several States, from Vermont to .South Carolina. Address John 
Tripp iS: Co., roll coverers, Lowell, Mass. 



STURTEVANT & GALER, 

Stair and House Finish, Stair Posts, Rails and Balusters, Brackets and Columns — 
Wood Turning and Job Work — No. 7 Western Avenue. 

Mr. F. A. SturtevaiU started this establishment alone in 1883, and, after managing it suc- 
cessfully for four years, in 1887 admitted a capable partner in the person of Mr. Emmet E. 
(laler. The firm occupies two fioors and basement (aVjout 3500 s(|uare feet) of the large frame 
building No. 7 Western avenue, where, provided with steam power, saws, planers, moulders, 
lathes, etc., ample stocks of choice hardwood and other varieties of lumber, and a sufficient 
force or competent workmen, they are prepared to fill orders in the best style for every des- 
cription of house finish, giving special attention to plain and artistic stair posts, newels, balus- 
ters, brackets and columns, carving and turning in all its branches and general jobl)ing. For 
elegance of design and beauty of finish the work done by this firm is unsurpassed. Mr. Sturte- 
vant was born and reared in Lowell, where he is well known to property-owners and the trade. 
Mr. Galer is a Vermonter, ingenious, enterprising and energetic. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 265 

CHAS. H. FROST, 

Broker and Dealer in ^Vatches, Jewelry and Diamonds, Musical Instruments and 
Strings, Fire Arms, Ammunition, etc. — No. 78 Central Street. 
For the accommodation of any and all who feel disposed to inspect a splendid assortment 
of personal ornaments,, musical and sporting goods, Mr. Charles H. Frost has for fourteen years 
past conducted a well appointed store at 78 Central street, where is shown a large and varied 
stock of fine diamonds and other precious stones, set and unset, imported and American gold 
and silver watches and jewelry, etc., together with comprehensive lines of optical and fancy 
goods, musical instruments, violin, guitar and banjo strings, high-grade double and single guns, 
rifles, pistols and ammunition. He also makes a specialty of repairing fine watches and jewelry. 
His prices are very low, and all goods and work are warranted as represented. Mr. Frost was 
for three years engaged in the clothing Ijusiness at Xo. 61 Central street, and subsequently acted 
as salesman in the leading clothing store of T. C. Wilber. He served from May 21, 1861, to 
August 25, 1865, in the Seventh and Fifteenth Massachusetts batteries, and is a genial, accom- 
modating and popular gentleman. 

LOWELL GORING WORKS. 



■William Frederick Copson — Manufacturer of Elastic Goring and Suspender Braids — 

Mechanics' Mills Building, Dutton Street. 
The usefulness and value of elastic fabrics was long ago demonstrated, and their importance 
to commerce and trade is universally recognized, while in some l^ranches of surger)- they are 
indispensable. The industrj- is a growing one, and most of those engaged in it are kept busy 
filling order from consumers. The Lowell Goring Works, established in 1887 by Mr. Wm. F. 
Copson, is no exception to the rule, and its products are not permitted to accumulate. They are 
of the best class and sell at highest prices to manufacturers of shoes, suspenders and shoulder- 
braces wherever offered, though the greater portion are taken by the Boston and Middletown 
(Conn.) shoe and suspender trade. The works occupy two rooms, respectively 38 x 50 and 25 x 
35 feet, of the Mechanics' Mills building, are equipped with steam power, six looms and thirty 
braiders, employ ten hands, and make on an average 2000 yards of goring and 250 gross of braid 
weekly. Mr. Copson was born, reared and learned the art of making clastic fabrics at Leicester, 
England. Coming to this country, he worked lor some time with Hopkins, the Chelsea manufac- 
turer, and then removed to Lowell and set up for himself. He is a blunt, straightforward, in- 
dustrious, capable and genial son of old Albion, and will doubtless make his way to the front. 



THE MIDDLESEX MACHINE COMPANY, 



Constructing Engineers — The Economical Arrangement of Power Plants, Warming 
and Ventilating of Schools, Churches, Residences and Public Buildings — No. 10 
■Western Avenue. 

This firm was organized in 1887 with the purpose in view of manufacturing steam special- 
ties, doing general machine work, and also a general contracting business in their specialty of 
power plants, heating and ventilation. In 1889, finding that the last branch was increasing to 
such an extent as to require the greater portion of their time, the machine work and manufac- 
turing was discontinued and their whole attention devoted to this specialty. Mr. John H. 
Mills of Boston, the author of one of the most comprehensive works published on heat 
and warming and ventilation of buildings — a thoroughly practical as well as theoretical en- 
gineer — was at this time employed as consulting engineer. The firm are located at No. 10 
Western avenue, Lowell, occupying on the ground floor a room with power, 40x80 feet, with 
additional storage room adjacent. Here l)Ut little of their work is done except the cutting of 
large pipe and the repairing of tools, most of their work being away from home where plants 
are being put in. The firm in the busy season employ from thirty to forty men and personally, 
as far as possible, look after the construction. During the past year they have fitted the Xew 
Draper Hall, AbVjot Academy, Andover, Mass., with water heat; the Dover City Hall, Dover, 
N. H.; the Sawyer School at the same place; the Haverhill City Hall, Haverhill, Mass.; the 
State Insane Asylum, Waterbury, \'t.; two large school-houses, Lowell, Mass.; the Harvard 
annex building, Cambridge,- Mass., besides many large business blocks and private residences. 
They have also to their credit many examples of the economy of the proper use of steam for 
power, and control inventions in this line which in practice have proven very satisfactory. In 
the line of water-heating the firm have made a special study under the direction of Mr. Mills, 
and have many successful examples of both public buildings and private residences, put in under 
their direction. The firm are surely now on the road to success, and can point with pride to 
the successful plants put in by them in the lines of power, heating and ventilation. 



2 66 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

MOXIE NERVE FOOD COMPANY. 



No. 21 Branch Street. 

It is safe to say no article or compound, whether known as a medicine, food, or by any 
other name, has made the gigantic strides into popularity, and in such an incredibly short space 
of time, as has the Moxie Nerve Food. The recipe for its compounding had been in the pos- 
session of Dr. Augustin Thompson of this city for several years, had been carefully tested bv him 
in his private practice, but not until four years ago, when its efficacy for the cure or prevention 
of certain diseases had Ijeen thoroughly proven to him, did he secure special accommodations for 
its manufacture. At this time even the doctor, sanguine in temperament though he is, scarce 
dreamed the phenomenal success so soon to be achieved by it. A company was formed with 
the doctor at its head, a laboratory was established on Market street near Worthen, and the 
manufacture was commenced on what at that time was deemed a large scale. Soon, however, 
the demand had so increased, and its use becoming more and more general as its properties 
became better known, the Market street quarters were found to be entirely inadequate and the 
vast building on Branch street formerly used as a skating rink was secured and all its immense 
floor space, and facilities generally, are devoted to the company's use. In addition, branch 
factories have been established in different parts of the country, until now there exists scarce a 
city from Halifax to San Francisco where " Moxie " is unknown or has not been used. Twenty- 
four men and women and seven horses are kept busily employed by the Branch street factory, 
and the sales from this factory alone, during the spring months of this year, amounted to nearly 
178,800 cases, with the demand still increasing faster than ever before even in its history, as 
the sale of nearly 22,000 cases during the month of June will attest. All this great business is 
now handled by the doctor alone, and that all his energy might be devoted to it he has given 
up one ot the largest private practices enjoyed by any physician in our city. The Moxie is 
claimed to be not a stimulant but a food, a nerve food, artificially digested and made ready 
for absorption before being taken into the system, and to this pre-digestion is due Moxie's 
success where other nerve foods have failed. This method of artificial digestion is a secret 
known only to the doctor, and one which skilled lawyers in court examinations have been un- 
able to make him divulge. Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery, and the success of this 
company prompted spurious imitations and counterfeits of the genuine Nerve Food, but the 
doctor has pursued them with so much vigor that of late they have given him a wide berth. 
The doctor in himself embodies the two things necessary for success — a sound mind in a healthy 
body. Born in Union, Me., at an early age he moved to Rockland in that State, and there lived 
until the l)reaking out of the war, and he is strong and sturdy as the pine tree of his native 
State. Enlisting in the army as private, the same push and courage distinguished him that has 
marked his subsequent career. Promotion came rapidly to him, twice on the field being re- 
commended for promotion by General Banks, and after being in seventy-one engagements, 
among them the assault on Port Hudson, he was mustered out of the service w-ith the rank of 
Lieutenant Colonel. After the war he practiced medicine in this city about twenty years, and was 
eminently successful in his large practice. He is well informed, has traveled extensively and 
always with his eyes open, a man of ideas with the courage to put them in practice, a miniature 
steam engine in energy and vital force, and one who would succeed in making himself felt in 
any enterprise in which he might embark. The Moxie company has recently put upon the 
market two more of Dr. Thompson's preparations, viz: " Moxie Catarrh Cure" and "Safe- 
guard," both in one package. The " Catarrh Cure " is used as a lady does her smelling bottle. 
It is also a harmless and rich cologne. The '• Safeguard " — take five of its tiny pellets on the 
tongue before retiring and it will do away with the effects from exposure to colds and epidemic 
diseases during the day. A little dissolved in water, a table-spoonful of same each hour, will 
break aching and fever from a cold, grippe, pneumonia, fevers, and rheumatism. It is safe to 
say that the sale of these remedies, for the short time they have been upon the market, has 
never been equaled in the history of trade. It is a vest-pocket remedy, and everybody has it. 
This Company is destined to be one of the massive corporations of the country. Moxie is al- 
ready a household word in two hemispheres. 



DAVIS & SARGENT, 



Manufacturers of and Dealers in Rough and Dressed Lumber, Clapboards, Lath, 
Shingles and Packing Boxes — Dimension Timber Saw^ed to Order — No. 275 
Middlesex Street. 

This is an old-established and reliable concern, founded by Otis Allen in 1848. Stephen C. 
Davis succeeded Mr. Allen in 1866, and the present firm was organized upon the admission of 
Mr. B. F. Sargent in 1872. The plant comprises a one-story-and-basement saw-mill, 50 x 100 
feet, on the Pawtucket canal, and a fine two-and-three-story brick planing-mill and factory — 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 267 

the Davis & Sargent block — fronting on Middlesex street, connected with which is a three-story 
warehouse and office building, a number of sheds, etc., the yards lying between the saw and 
planing mills and adjacent to lioth. The equipment of both mills is first-class and the produc- 
tive capacity is very large, sixty hands finding steady employment on the premises, while two 
steam engines of 175 aggregate horse-power drive the machinery. The firm carries large stocks 
of choice white and yellow pine, spruce, hemlock, whitewood and hardwood lumber, which will 
lie delivered in the rough or dressed to order for the trade. Dimension timbers also are pre- 
pared as required, and builders and others supplied with every description of flooring, clap- 
boards, shingles, etc. A specialty is made of packing boxes for corporations and medicine, water 
closets, tanks, etc., and manufacturers can have their orders filled here to any extent, at short 
notice and on reasonable terms. The saw-mill on the canal is the only one in Lowell making 
lumber direct from the log, and turns out over 3,000,000 feet per annum, about 2,500,000 feet 
of which is worked up in the adjoining shops. The logs come from New Hampshire via the 
Merrimack river and the canal. Messrs. Davis and Sargent are both natives of New Hamp- 
shire, and Mr. Davis was with Mr. Allen from 1852 until he liecame sole owner in 1866. They 
own the four-story brick block, 45x180 feet, on Middlesex street, which they rent to small indus- 
trial concerns, furnishing steam when needed. 



OLD WASHINGTON TAVERN. 



W. H. Hawes & Co., Proprietors — Cor. Church and Central Streets. 

The Old Washington was built and opened to pulilic patronage in 1826, when Lowell had 
but 2000 population, and was long the leading hostelry of the place, at which have probably 
stopped more eminent and notable strangers, American and foreign, than all the newer hotels 
in the city can Ijoast as guests. The name of the original proprietor is lost, but it has passed 
through many hands, among them those of Benj. Thurston, Frank Shaw 
(now of the American House), and Charlie Duprez, of Duprez and 
Benedict's minstrels, to whom Mr. C. H. Hanson succeeded in July, 1889, 
and April i, 1891, the house was taken by Messrs. William H. Hawes 
and Walter C. Coburn. The building is a substantial and homelike old- 
fashioned two-and-a-half-story frame structure, fronting 120 feet on Cen- 
tral and 50 feet on Church streets. On the ground floor are a large, 
cheery office, bar, barber-shop, two commodious parlors, and a dining- 
room that will comfortably seat 150 persons, while up stairs are fifty spa- 
cious, neat, clean and inviting sleeping apartments, baths, hot and cold 
water everywhere, and all modern conveniences, including steam heat, 
gas and electric lights, fire escapes, etc. Recently refitted and refurnished, situated near the 
Central depot and opera-house, horse cars pass the door every few minutes, affording ready 
and easy means of reaching any point in the city. At present the specialty is in letting furnished 
rooms, where guests may live quietly, taking their meals when and where they please. Terms 
are quite moderate. 




TALBOT DYEWOOD AND CHEMICAL COMPANY. 



Joseph D. Gould, President; James F. Preston, Treasurer — Manufacturers of Dye- 
woods and Chemicals and Dealers in Drugs and Dyestuffs — Works at North 
Billerica ; Office and Warehouse, Nos. 24 and 26 Middle St., Lowell. 

The Talbot Dyewood and Chemical Company, established in 1840, was incorporated in 
1884, with Joseph D. (Jould as president, James ¥. Preston treasurer, and a directory composed 
of those gentlemen, Charles H. Kohhausch, jr., Wm. P. Gould and Geo. M. Preston. The 
old style was C. P. Tall)ot & Co., and the warerooms were for many years situated in the old city 
market-house building on Market street, whence they were removed a few years ago to Nos. 
24 and 26 Middle street — the Talbot block, built 1877, brick, five stories, 60x100 feet— of 
which they occupy the ground floor and another up stairs. Here are the business offices and 
salesrooms, where are shown innnense stocks of choice prepared dyewoods, dyestuffs, drugs and 
chemicals for the use of manufacturers and photographers and the convenience of the trade, em- 
bracing every preparation employed in making and fixing mordaunts. An enormous business 
is transacted. The works at North Billerica cover four and a-half acres and are equipped in a 
manner commensurate with the character and reputation of the company, whose preparations 
are famous all over the continent. The history of this concern does not materially differ from 
that of most other great industries in this country; it is the outgrowth of small beginnings, hard 
work and tenacity of purpose. 



268 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED, 



JOEL KNAPP & SON, 



I 



Manufacturers of Woodworking and Special Machinery, Loose Pulleys and Build- 
ers' Iron — General Jobbers — No. 257 Middlesex Street. 

Mr. George L. Richardson started this establishment in 1S83, but two years later sold out to 
Mr. Joel Knapp. Arthur P. Knapp, the son, became a member in 1890. Both are practical 
iron workers, the elder for twenty years foreman of the Lowell machine shops' bolt and nut 
department, in which responsible position he was succeeded for five years by his son. Messrs. 




Joel Knapp & Son's shops are located on the ground floor of Davis & Sargent's block, No. 
257 Middlesex street, occupying two rooms respectively 40x40 and 40x90 feet, provided with 
steam power and containing a complete equipment of machinists' tools and appliances. Their 
working force numbers usually about fifteen, and their output, steadily increasing, aggregated" 
in value tor the past year $50,000. This firm manufactures Grosvenor's woodworking machin- 
ery and loose pulleys and builds special machinery of every description to order in superior 
style, but makes leading specialties of general jobbing, repairing and manufacturing, builders' 
materials, nuts, washers, cap and set screws, studs, etc., in quantities. Grosvenor's swivel 
saw-bench, illustrated above, is the latest improvement in this class of devices, adapted to and 
of capacity for large or small woodworking shops, and complete for splitting, squaring, mitreing 
and grooving. At the same time it is so constructed as to be instantly changed to saw 
any mitre or bevel required, lengthwise or crosswise of the wood. The operator has only to 
reach down and turn the lower hand wheel to set the saw to a mitre with the table or any in- 
termediate angle between a mitre and a square, and then by turning the upper hand wheel the 
saw is adjusted up and down to cut any desired depth required. The small wheel clamps the 
parts ridgidly while in operation. The splitting rest upon the table is constructed to be used 
upon either side of the saw and can be rocked either way; or the wide rocking face can be 
thrown back and the edge of the base of the rest be used for small work. There are two 
squaring sides, and by setting rest at a mitre to the saw while the saw is set at a mitre 
with the table, a double mitre is cut. In short, all squaring, mitreing, beveling and 
grooving is provided for, together with the cutting of shoulders or tenons, etc., without having 
to make fixtures of any kind. The firm also build to order the Grosvenor variety or irregular 
moulding machine. They also keep in stock and supply to order all kinds of iron- work for the 
use of builders, such as cast-iron columns and plates, wrought-iron beams, trusses, ties, anchors, 
bolts, etc., at short notice and at lowest current prices. They have a large local patronage, but 
will take pleasure in making estimates and supplying materials, machinery, etc., for shipment to 
any railroad point. 

F. G. CUMMINGS, 



Manufacturer of Plain and Fancy Wood Boxes — Wamesit Mills, Dutton Street. 

Mr. Frank G. Cummings began manufacturing fancy wood boxes twelve years ago, and by 
close attention to business and the exercise of ingenuity and good taste has built up a flourishing 
trade, most of his output being taken by Boston and New York manufacturers of fine confec- 
tionery, chocolate, perfumes, liquid glue, etc., though he executes special orders for high-grade 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 269 

packing cases, nearly all of his work, however, being dovetailed at the corners, with sliding 
lids. His factory, employing seven hands, occupies one floor, 40x45 feet, of the Wamesit 
steam mills building, fitted up with steam power, saws, planers, dovetailing (or locking) ma- 
chines, grooving machines, squeezers, etc., and can turn out 1000 boxes per diem. These are 
of the best quality, neat, strong, and comparatively cheap. Mr. Cummings was born at Tyngs- 
boro, seven miles from Lowell, has' lived in this city since boyhood, is a thorough practical 
mechanic, and superintends his own factory. 



JONATHAN HOLT & CO., 



Manufacturers of Glue for All Purposes — Tanner Street; P. O. Address, Box 513, 

Ayer City. 

The manufacture of glue is a unique industry which has been brought to great perfection by 
the above-named firm, established in 1880 and composed of Messrs. Jonathan Holt and Frank 
J. Sherwood. Their plant, situated on Tanner street, comprises the factory building proper, 
frame, two stories, 30x80 feet, and two sheds respectively 25x50 and 25x100 feet. The equip- 
ment includes an eighteen-horse-power steam engine and all requisite improved appliances; 
six hand are employed, and the output averages about 100 tons ainnually of superior glue and 
from 25 to 30 tons of grease, most of which is disposed of in this market and comsumed by 
Lowell wood-workers, emery wheel manufacturers', woolen weavers, bookbinders, printers, 
paper box makers, kalsominers and others. They are also manufacturers of a composition for 
roll coverers and belt makers, which is meeting with a large sale. 



SAMUEL M. CHASE, 



(Successor to Chase Brothers) — Book, Job and Commercial Printer — Room 5, 

Bank Building, Shattuck Street. 

Mr. Samuel M. Chase, a practical and experienced printer, has a very neat, compact and 
thoroughly appointed establishment on the same floor with the Institution for Savings, Bank 
building, Shattuck street, where, provided with the latest styles of type, materials and ma- 
chinery, he will be pleased to receive and execute, at short notice, and in a superior manner, 
every description of plain and fancy job, commercial, office and society printing, at reasonable 
prices. He has a liberal patronage from the business men of Lowell and vicinity, and never 
fails to render satisfaction"'in any kind of work he undertakes. Mr. Chase is a native of Ando- 
ver, and learned his trade in Lowell, where most of his life has been spent. He was connected 
with the J 'ox Popiili when issued from the corner of Central and Middle streets; was for 
twelve years junior member of the firm of Brown & Chase, job printers; was subsequently a 
reporter for and editorial writer on the Mail and other Lowell papers; served as city clerk 
during 1885-86, and once more took up the mallet and shooting stick — that is, the patent 
quoin and wrench — two or three years ago, and will probably continue during the remaining 
years of his life to devote his best efforts to the elevation of the art of printing. 



WARE BROTHERS, 



Merchant Tailors — No. 521-2 Merrimack Street, Up Stairs. 

Messrs. Thomas C. and Alfred D. Ware formed the existing copartnership about six years 
ago and established themselves in business at No. 52^ Merrimack street, occupying the second 
floor for display of goods, cutting department, etc., the workshops, employing from fourteen to 
eighteen hands, being situated above. This house devotes exclusive attention to fine merchant 
tailoring, and, carrying a choice and varied stock of the best imported and domestic woolens, 
offers superior inducements to those who appreciate high-grade materials. Both brothers are 
practical and experienced cutters; all work is done on honor, and patrons may depend upon 
unsurpassed materials, trimmings, fit, style and workmanship at lowest living prices. In this 
instance at least merit wins, and Ware Brothers command a large and steadily increasing trade 
from the most desirable class of city and country patrons. 



W. A. DICKINSON, 



Manufacturer of Scouring, Fulling and Powdered Soaps and Prime Tallow — Cor. 

Howard and Tanner Streets. 

Mr. W. A. Dickinson, who is a native of Bristol, N. H., and was formerly a Boston cloth- 
ing merchant, began the manufacture of detergents in this city about ten years ago, and three 
years later located permanently at his present stand at the corner of Harvard and Tanner streets. 



270 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



His works consist of a two-story-and-basement frame building, 40 x 100 feet, fitted up with the 
necessary equipment of cauldrons, presses, grinders, etc., driven by a fifteen-horse-power steam 
engine. Five experienced hands are employed, and the output of scouring, fulling and 
powdered soaps, laundry and domestic soaps is very large and of high grade, as is attested by 
the heavy demand for home consumption — by mill-owners and housekeepers — though consider- 
able shipments are made to distant points south and west. He also deals extensively in toilet 
soaps. Mr. Dickinson's "Banner" and "Extra Family" brands are unexcelled for the 
laundry and for general household use. 



AMERICAN BOLT COMPANY, 



Manufacturers of Bolts, Nuts, Coach or Lag Screws, Building Bolts and Irons, 
Forgings, Bolt and Nut Machinery, Truss Rods, Turnbuckles, etc. — Miles F. 
Brennan, President and General Manager; Percy Parker, Treasurer — No. 270 
Lawrence Street. 

The American Bolt Company, as the successor in direct line of the founders, is the oldest 
and one of the most extensive representatives of its particular industry in this country. Pre- 
vious to 1847 all bolts and nuts were made laboriously at the forge and l;)ench l)y the con- 
sumer, and the wholesale manufacture of these devices for the trade was unheard of. In that 




year Messrs. James Meadowcraft and George C. Smith formed a copartnership, rented a shop 
in the Wamesit yard, set up several forges, employed a few skilled blacksmiths, and thus laid 
the foundation of an interest that has since had a powerful influence upon all manufacturing 
industries. Their methods were at first of a primitive character, but improvement after im- 
provement, invention after invention succeeded each other, until a stage of development has 
now been reached beyond which further advance seems impossible. It were unprofitable to 
follow in detail the history of the firm, who were bought out by Hope & Butcher in 1863. 
James Winter, the inventor of a bolt-heading machine, was admitted in 1865. Mr. Hope 
retired in 1879, and in 1881 the present company was incorporated, capital stock $200,000. 
Further improvements and enlargements of plant and buildings ensued, and the latter now 
comprise two great stone and brick structures of two and three stories, constituting the works 
proper, surrounded by warehouses, tenements for help, etc. The machinery is driven by two 
turbines of 150 and 75 horse-power respectively, a 150-horse-power steam engine being 
held in reserve. Two hundred operatives earn a livelihood in the various departments; over 
1500 tons of iron are consumed annually, and the output, which embraces every description of 
commercial bolt and nut, from the tiniest to the largest, aggregated in value for the past year 
about $200,000. These goods are handled by the trade all over this country and exported in 
considerable quantities to Canada, Mexico, the West Indies and South America, being used for 
every conceivable purpose to which this class of mechanical devices can be applied. A de- 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 27 1 

tailed description of the processes employed in their production would only weary the reader 
without any compensating advantage. President Brennan has been connected with this con- 
cern for more than twenty-three years, having entered as an apprentice in 1867. He has filled, 
well and acceptably — with signal ability — every intervening position, is a thorough practical 
business man of rare capacity and sound judgment as well as competent mechanic and able 
financier, and it is nol too much to say that to his energy, industry and enterprise, combined 
with his excellent management, is due the fact that the company has for some years been 
enabled to maintain its leading position in this particular field of effort. 



W. E. HATCH, 



Manufacturer of Brackets, Stair Posts, Newels, Balusters, W^indow Frames and 
House Finish — Scroll Sawyer and Wood Turner — Gushing Street, Wamesit 
Mills. 

Mr. Hatch, who set himself up in business at the Wamesit mills on Dutton street about 
seven years ago, removing subsequently to Gushing street, is an enterprising, energetic and 
tactful mechanic and manufacturer who is steadily making for Ijimself a high reputation and 
building up a large and flourishing trade. His premises consist of a two-story t'rame building 
40x40 feet, with the necessary appurtenances, equipped with a fine complement of wood- 
working machinery — saws of all kinds, planers, lathes, etc. — driven by steam power; he em- 
ploys a sufficient force of skilled workmen, and is well prepared to execute all orders for 
superior work in his line, making specialties of art brackets, stair posts and newels from stand- 
ard and original designs, while his facilities for making door and window frames, balusters and 
house-finish, scroll sawing and wood-turning, are unsurpassed. His work is of the highest 
order and moderate prices rule". 



JOHN F. ROGERS, 



Undertaker, Embalmer and General Funeral Director — No. 350 Central Street, Nolan 

Block ; Residence, No. 21 Cedar Street. 

, Mr. Rogers has but recently established himself here as a funeral director, occupying the 
commodious and convenient rooms No. 350 Central street, fitted up expressly for the purpose 

and provided with all modern appliances required 
for the successful prosecution of his calling in all its 
branches, his facilities embracing the latest im- 
proved embalming apparatus, t'uU lines of elegant 
metal and wood caskets, several fine hearses in 
black and white for adults and children, handsome 
horses and carriages, careful drivers, and, in a 
word, everything necessary and of the very best. 
His office, open night and day, has telephone con- 
nection, and an ample force of skilled assistants 
are employed. His hearses alone, of the latest 
and most beautiful design, cost $3,500 cash. His stock of rol)es, gloves, crape, and funeral 
decorations is the largest and best selected in the city, and nothing is wanting for the stylish 
and decorous management of funerals upon any desired scale of economy or magnificence, 
while terms are quite reasonable. Mr. Rogers is a native of Merrimack, N. H., born thirty- 
two years ago. Lowell has been his home for thirty years, thirteen of which were passed in 
the service of the Lowell Manufacturing Company. He attended the New York College, cor- 
ner of Ninety-third street and Second avenue, for one term for the purpose of learning embalm- 
ing, and was subsequently for one year in the employ of Mr. E. T. Wilson, New Bedford's 
leading funeral director, with whom he learned all the practical details of the profession. He 
is a popular citizen and was a member of the city council in 188S. Promptitude, good taste and 
courtesy characterize all of his business transactions. 




PARSONS & MEALEY, 



Manufacturers of Copper Stamps and Stencils for Cotton and Woolen Mills, Bleach- 
eries. Hosieries, etc. — Block Cutters and Dealers in Inks, Presses, Boxes and 
Stamping Supplies — No. 9 Fletcher Street. 

It is pretty safe to conclude that a concern established for forty-five years, and doing a more 
prosperous business at last than ever before in its career, is worthy of confidence and has won 



'72 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



its position upon merit alone. Such an one is the noted stamp and stencil house of Parsons & 
Mealey, originally founded in 1845 ^' ^^- J- Dewhurst, the style subsequently changing to 
Dewhurst & Parsons, to whom Parsons iS: Mealey succeeded in 1880. Mr. Parsons died in 
1881, since which time Mr. John J. Mealey has continued in sole control under the former 
name, Parsons & Mealey. The works occupy two floors 30x40 feet up stairs at No. 9 
Fletcher street, one of which is divided by partitions into four rooms, used for ofiftce, designers' 
room, storage, etc., while that above is utilized for factory purposes exclusively, giving 
employment to four experts and fitted up and provided with the best improved tools and ap- 
pliances. Here are made to order every description of copper stamps and stencils required by 
manufacturers of cotton and woolen fabrics and hosiery, bleachers and others. Block cutting 
from original designs is also made a leading specialty, and inks, presses, boxes and stamping 
supplies of all kinds are furnished as required. First-class materials and workmanship, 
promptitude in the execution and delivery of work and goods, courtesy, liberality and moderate 
prices combined constitute the secret of long-continued and growing prosperity. Orders are 
received almost daily by mail from all parts of the United States, and the house controls a large 
Canadian trade. Correspondence is solicited, and no pains are spared to render satisfaction. 



DARIUS WHITHED, 



Manufacturer of Soaps and Candles and Dealer in Hides, Tallow and Calf Skins — 

No. 64 School Street, near Middlesex. 

This concern was founded nearly fifty years ago by the late Samuel Horn, the style subse- 
quently changing to Samuel Horn & Co. and so remaining until about five years ago, when Mr. 
Darius Whithed purchased the plant and business and continued under his own name. The 
works, quite extensive, are situated in Tewksbury, the office and warehouse occupying a two- 
story frame building, 30 x 50 feet, on School street, near Middlesex, this city. In all nine or 
ten hands are employed, and Mr. Whithed controls a good trade in Massachusetts and adjoin- 
ing States, making specialties of hard and soft soaps for mill and laundry purposes, candles, 
tallow and grease, of all of which he carries heavy stocks to fill orders. He also liuys and sells 
green hides and calf skins. He is a native of New Hampshire, and an upright and liberal 
man and good citizen. 



D. H. WILSON & CO., 



up to two years ago occupied the Connors 



Coppersmiths, Plumbers, Steam and Gas Fitters — Manufacturers of Slasher Cylin- 
ders, Silk and Dresser Cylinders, Color and Dye Kettles, and All Kinds of Mill 
Copper Work — Nos. 64 and 65 Dutton Street. 

This house was established in 1S73 by Mr. D. H. Wilson and a brother since retired, and 

building. No. 179 Central street, when the firm re- 
moved to their own handsome three- 
story-and-basement brick building, 30 
X 78 feet, Nos. 64 and 65 Dutton street. 
Mr. Wilson employs twenty-four or 
more expert workmen, and also has 
with him as assistants his sons Henry 
D. and Arthur C, who are acquiring a 
practical business and mechanical train- 
ing. The elder Mr. Wilson is famous 
as the originator of valuable improve- 
ments in slasher cylinders, color and 
dye kettles. His copper slasher cylin- 
der, economical of steam and adapted 
to all classes of work, is a ring cylinder, 
constructed in the most workmanlike 
manner from carefully selected mate- 
rials, " and with proper usage cannot 
give out. The cavity cylinder is heavier,, 
stronger, and more particularly designed 
for heavy work. These cylinders are- 
made with doulile shells of copper, the 
as usual, but differing somewhat from the old style- 
linders are removed, put in order, and the cylinders 




spiders, shafts, rings, etc., being of iron 
When desired the inner works of old cv 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



273 



reconstructed with copper shells, the effectiveness of the machine being vastly increased. Old 
cylinders may also be rebuilt with all improvements, using the old spiders, rings, shafts and 
valves and substituting inside and outside copper shells, heads and buckets, for less than a 
complete new cylinder would cost. Cavity or hollow cylinders of copper, superior in all re- 
spects to the iron cylinder, are made new for less money than the old-style cylinder. These are 
constructed with outside copper shell and iron heads, 60-inch face, four, five, six and seven 
feet steam space. Mr. Wilson also makes dyeing and dressing machine cylinders of copper, 
dye kettles and copper-work generally, in any desired size or kind at low prices. He also gives 
prompt attention to calls for repairs, sends experienced workmen when required, and allows 
fair prices for old cylinders for which new are substituted. Among the mills now using Mr. 
Wilson's cylinders — some as many as six sets, and all with satisfactory results — are the Boott, 
Massachusetts, Prescott, Hamilton, Tremont and Suffolk, of Lowell; the Dwight, Chicopee 
and Naumkeag, of Salem; the Upper Pacific, of Lawrence; the Mechanics, of Fall River; 
the Androscoggin, of Lewiston, Me.; the Harmony, of Cohoes, N. Y., and others. 

B. P. STEVENS, 



F. C. Stevens, Foreman — Machinist — Manufacturer of Pulley Lathes and Lock 
Corner Box Machines — Nos. 16, 18 and 20 Arch Street. 

For more than forty years Mr. B. F. Stevens has l)cen engaged in the construction in this 
city of high-grade machinery in various forms, making leading specialties of the pulley lathe 
jjlustrated herewith in its latest improved form and the world-renowned James' power feeding 




lock-corner box machine — the latter entirely remodeled and perfected and covered by patents 
of which Mr. Stevens has entire control. As now built this machine is unrivaled for box- 
makers' use, and, though it works satisfactorily in lumber of any ordinary thickness, is more es- 
pecially designed for preparing | to inch stuff. Of Mr. Stevens' own machine little need be 
said. Our engraving conveys a good idea of its general appearance, and the machine itself, in 
its old or new form, is familiar to most mechanics who employ appliances of this kind. Its 
superiority in its own particular department is undisputed and apparent to any one competent to 
compare and judge intelligently in such matters. Mr. Stevens' shops, under the careful and 
experienced supervision of his son, F. C, occupy the two-story stone and frame building 40 x 75 
feet, with L, Nos, 16, 18 and 20 Arch street, near the Northern depot. Here are employed 
from fifteen to twenty first-class workmen and a complete outfit of machinery driven by steam, 
and lathes and dovetailers to the value of about $18,000 are made annually to the order of 
New England, western and S(juthern customers. The elder Mr. Stevens, born in Dracut, 
across the Merrimack from Lowell, is the fifth B. F. in direct descent, a fine mechanic and an 
estimable old citizen. His son and foreman, trained to machine building from boyhood, is 
familiar with all the details of the business, manufacturing and commercial. 

20 



274 



INLAND MASSACHTTSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



THE KNOWLES SCALE WORKS. 



1 




Wm. H. Thompson, Proprietor — Manufacturers of Platform and Counter Scales — 

Fletcher Street. 

The importance of using 
absolutely correct scales for 
weighing commodities can 
hardly be overestimated, both 
buyer and seller being equally 
interested — the former in ob- 
taining all that he pays for 
and the latter in maintaining 
his reputation for fair and 
honest dealing. Great me- 
chanical skill and long ex- 
■^ perience are requisite to suc- 
cess in the manufacture of an 
appliance upon which so much 
depends, and for that reason 
the purchaser of scales should 
make sure that the device offered him is the product of an old-established concern of known 
standing, or at least of skilled experts. Among the most widely and most favorably known 
scale making concerns of New England is the Knowles Scale Works, founded in 1837 l)y 
Woods (S: Nute, to whom John A. Knowles, jr., succeeded, 
Mr. Wm. H. Thompson, a resident of Salem, becoming pro- 
prietor in 18S4. The fame of the establishment was greatly 
extended under Mr. Knowles' administration, and for that 
reason and as a compliment to his able predecessor, Mr. 
Thompson has retained tlie style. The works on Fletcher street 
comprise a substantial and commodious three-story brick buil- 
ding 40 feet front by 120 feet deep, fitted up with a compre- 
hensive plant of machinery and appliances, including a 10- 
horse-power electric motor of approved style. A considerable 
number of superior mechanics are employed, some of whom have 
been here for many years. The output comprises a variety of 
platform and counter scales, the leading specialties including 
the widely known "Bedford" and "Star" scales, "Lowell 
Standard" platform — illustrated herewith — all iron platform, 
stout axles and wheels, hardened steel pivots, accurate and 
durable; the "New England Union" single and double-beam 
scoop scale, capacity half an 
ounce to 240 pounds; the 
" Lowell " counter scale, capac- 
ity half an ounce to 25 pounds, 
and the "Even Balances," ca- 
pacity four-pound and eight- 
pound, with and without side 
beam. Every scale is fully 
warranted, and they are thoroughly reliable, while the prices are remarkably low. These 
scales are made to conform to all foreign standards, are in use all over the United States, and 
are being exported largely to the West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America, Australia, 
Africa and other countries. The works, operated to their full capacity, can turn out 6000 
scales of all classes annually, and it is Mr. Thompson's ambition to reach that point very soon. 





1 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



275 



MERRIMACK CROQUET COMPANY. 



B. F. Colby — Manufacturer of Croquet, Ten Pins, Ring Toss, Dumb Bells, Indian 
Clubs and Christmas Toys, and Castor Wheels — St. Hyacinth Street, Ayer City. 

The Merrimack Croquet Companys' works, now the largest and most complete of the kind 
in existence, were established a good many years ago. Mr. B. F. Colby succeeded parties who 
had been in control from 1872, and was himself sole proprietor for several years, Mr. S. P. 
Griffin joining him in 1888, but retiring later. A copy of the company's latest catalogue has 
come under our notice, and we unhesitatingly pronounce it a gem, so far as design, engraving, 
composition, colors, presswork and paper in their most skillful combinations, regardless of ex- 
pense, can be made to represent art, the various implements illustrated being shown in the 




natural colors of the wood, and even the red and blue stripes, pedestals, etc., being faithfully 
imitated by the printer. The goods produced by this company are of original design, made 
from the choicest hard-woods — in part of Turkish box, lignum vitie, and other foreign woods — 
and are of the highest grade, finished by a new method that greatly improves their appearance, 
and decorated in fadeless colors that water will not effect — a desideratum long sought but never 
found until Mr. Colby's experiments were crowned with success. The company confidently 
challenges competition in quality, finish and prices. Their products comprise full lines of 
lawn croquet in great variety of handsome styles; parlor floor and parlor table croquet; new 
model ten pins, ring toss, dumli bells, Indian clubs; Moore's patent new flexible hammocks in 
which wood slats are substituted for and make a swinging couch far more comfortable, con- 
venient and durable than the old-style shapeless bag hammock; the flexible swinging easy 
chair, safest, coolest and easiest ever devised, adjustable to long or short occupants, and re- 
commended by physicians for invalids and convalescents: and Moore's patent tree chair, at- 
tachable to trees or other upright objects — just the thing for picnics, out-door intertainments and 
sketching. This company are also the most extensive American manufactures of lignum vitse 
castor wheels, and sole manufacturers of hub castor wheels, made by special patented ma- 
chinery, of which they own the patents, besides turning out great quantities of camp chairs, 
steamer chairs, lignum vita carpenter's mallets, bowling alley balls, oak dowels, small lock- 
cornered wooden boxes, general fancy wood-work, and lathe turning to order. The factory, 
situated on St. Hyacinth street, Ayer City, is a commodious and convenient three-story-and- 
basement brick structure, 50x150 feet, lighted by gas, heated by steam, and containing an 
equipment so perfect and comprehensive that no attempted description could do it justice. 
Much of the machinery is of special design and construction, invented or remodeled by Mr. 
Colby, and without duplicates elsewhere — -all driven by a loo-horse-power steam engine. 
Seventy-five competent workmen are employed, and the output is enormous. The goods are 
supplied to the trade all over our own country and exported to British America, Canada, Eng- 
land, France, Germany, Australia and other distant lands. 



276 INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 

LOWELL FELTING MILLS, 



1! 



H. M. Thompson, Proprietor — Manufacturer of Hair Felt in All Widths and Thick- 
nesses — Pawtucket Street. 

It has long been a demonstrated and conceded fact that hair felt is unequaled by any other 
known material as a non-conductor of heat, and therefore unrivaled for jacketing boilers and 
steam pipes, preventing radiation and consequent condensation. For the same reason, and 
because of its flexibility and the ease with which it is cut and fitted, hair felt is largely employed 
for lining and packing purposes by engineers and machinists. Among the largest manufacturers 
of this commodity in America are the Lowell Felting Mills, situated on Pawtucket street. 
Proprietor H. M. Thompson having his office on the premises. This enterprise owes its incep- 
tion to Moses A. Johnson and Isaac Schofield, who in i860 began the manufacture of felt from 
American and Russian cow hair at the foot of Howe street, Belvidere. Mr. Schofield retired 
in 1866, whereupon Messrs. Joseph S. Wiggins and George Brierton of Boston joined with Mr. 
Johnson in the purchase of a steam saw-mill on Pawtucket street, which was demolished and 
the present mill erected on the site, the firm adopting the existing style, Lowell Felting Mills, 
which has since been purchased by and is now owned by Mr. Thompson. The buildings consist 
of a commodious stone and wood mill, roomy warehouses and extensive yards, and the ecjuip- 
ment is complete, embracing all modern improvements, the machinery being driven by a 60- 
horse-power steam engine. From fifteen to twenty hands are employed, and the output of 
superior jacketing, lining and packing felts from one-eighth to two inches thick and one to two 
yards wide is very heavy, the annual consumption of imported and domestic cow -hair averaging 
1,200,000 pounds. These felts are sold in wholesale or retail lots to suit, and orders promptly 
executed. 

SAMUEL G. COOPER, 



Manufacturer of Copper Stamps and Stencils — Dealer in Stampmg Inks and Sup- 
plies — No. 120 Central Street. 

Mr. Cooper has been in the same business in this city since 1872 — up to 1885 as junior part- 
ner in the firm of Corner and Cooper, Mr. Corner retiring at that time. The establishment oc- 
cupies the entire second floor, 60x80 feet, of the brick building No. 120 Central street, and is 
one of the best appointed and most thoroughly equipped of the kind in the country, giving em- 
ployment to five or six skillful stamp and stencil designers and cutters. Mr. Cooper is a noted 
expert, and his work, tasty and perfect in execution, is found all over the United States and 
Canada, wherever a cotton or woolen mill is running, in addition to which he is beginning to 
fill orders for shipment beyond seas, having recently made a heavy consignment to China. His 
annual sales range from $5,000 to $7,000. Mr. Cooper's specialties embrace every description 
of copper stamps and stencils for cotton and woolen mills, bleacheries and hosieries, head 
stamps for broadcloths, cassimeres and flannels. He also carries large stocks of and will 
promptly fill orders for black, l)lue and red stamping inks, stamping presses, stamping boxes 
and stamping supplies generally. 



DOHERTY BROS., 



Iron Founders — Manufacturers of Machinery and Tool Castings — Paine Street, 

near B. & M. R. R. 

Messrs. John F. and James F. Doherty where born at Ayer, while William C. is a native of 
Bedford, Mass. All are practical foundrymen, brought up to the business and familiar with all 
its details. About four years ago an opportunity presented to purchase the foundry established 
at Ayer Junction by Briggs & Kelley (both deceased), which the Ijrothers availed themselves of, 
and there remained, doing an excellent business, until the beginning of the present year, when, 
having completed their new works on Payne street, they took possession, making their first 
casting here on the 2ist of January. The building is a handsome frame structure 50x200 feet 
in area, three stories in height at the front and one story in rear, equipped with a 20-horse- 
power electric motor and all newly improved foundry appliances. At the start twenty-five men 
— skilled molders and assistants — are employed, but the force will be increased as required. 
The firm has hitherto made little effort to extend its trade beyond Lowell and this vicinity, but 
having made a long stride toward a commanding place in the iron foundry industry, they will 
not stop until they have secured a good share of the business of the country, more especially in 
the department of machinery and tool castings, for the correct making of which they have ex- 
cellent facilities and an established reputation. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



277 



JEREMIAH CLARK, 



Machinery Agency for the Purchase, Sale and Exchange of Cotton, Woolen and 
Other Machinery, New and Second-Hand Card Clothing, Belting, etc. — Shops 
and Warehouses, Perrin Street; Office, No. 63 Button Street. 

Mr. Clark, a native of Vermont and for thirty years connected with the great Lowell 
Machine Shop corporation, established in February, 1867, a modest machinery agency which 
he has gradually developed to its present proportions. His office, show and salesrooms are 





situated on the ground floor of the large three-story brick building No. 63 Button street, with 
an immense stock stored in the big warehouses seen in our cut, containing over two acres of 
floor space, where is shown an endless variety of new and second-hand cotton and woolen 
machinery, card clothing, belting, etc. A well-equipped machine-shop adjoins the warehouses, 
where a competent force of workmen are kept constantly employed on repairs, alterations and 
improvements. Parties in want of anything required in the manufacture of cotton or woolen 
fabrics, whether new or second-hand, will be safe in placing their orders with Mr. Clark. Be 
the purpose for which it is needed what it may — the making of textiles, sewing, wood, iron 
sheet metal or leather working — he either has on hand or will procure the machine. He also 
carries a large and varied stock of card clothing, leather belting, steam engines and boilers, 
etc., old and new and of every conceivable kind and style. Mr. C.'s territory embraces every 
manufacturing city and village in the United States and Canada, east of the Rocky Mountains. 
Catalogues are sent to anyone on request. 



ALLEN HOWARD, 



Manufacturer of Caskets and Coffins — Corner Button and Fletcher Streets. 

This well-known and largely patronized concern was established in 1878 by J. M. Torsey, 
and passed into the hands of Mr. Allen Howard, a native of Waldoboro, Maine, for some years 

a foreman in the employ of the Boston Bridge 
Company, and a resident of Lowell since 1865. 
Mr. Howard's premises, situated in the large 
frame building corner of Button and Fletcher 
streets, comprise two handsomely appointed stor- 
age and salesrooms on the ground floor and work- 
shop and finishing room up stairs. He carries a 
large and varied assortment of wood and metal 
caskets and coffins, of his own manufacture, Vjesides a general line of samples from leading 




278 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



makers, and is prepared to supply anything of the kind required by undertakers, from the cost- 
liest to the cheapest grade. He has in his service a number of tasteful skilled workmen and 
sells largely to the trade in Lowell, Lawrence, Manchester, Salem, Haverhill and surrounding 
v'illages, principally at wholesale. 

S. C. & G. H. SMITH, 



Manufacturers of Cap and Set Screws — No. 277 Broadway. 

Machinery builders generally are perfectly aware of the difficulty of making accurate and 
reliable cap and set screws, and the majority of them wisely refrain from attempting a kind of 
work to succeed in which they must not only command the services of specially trained workmen 






but must also devise and construct special machinery, that in use being covered by patents and 
not built for sale. Among the oldest and most successful manufacturers of this particular class 
of requisites is the firm of S. C. & G. H. Smith, founded twenty-five years ago by the senior 
member, Mr. Samuel C. Smith, with whom his brother George H. became associated later. 
They occupy one floor 40 x 128 feet in area, with entrance at No. 277 Broadway, and have at 
hand every convenience for the production of cap and set screws in large quantities — ingenious 
and unique machinery of their own invention and construction, a complete plant of accessories, 
electric power, and the services of twelve expert screw-makers. The products of this establish- 
ment are held in high repute by machinists everywhere, and are in general demand not only at 
home but abroad, the firm shipping to nearly every State of the Union besides exporting to 
Canada, Australia and other countries. The demand is steadily growing, sales for 1S90 footing 
up about $i 6,000. 



WHTTTIER COTTON MILLS. 



E. M. Tucke, President; Helen A. Whittier, Treasurer; Nelson Whittier, General 
Manager; Walter R. B. Whittier, Superintendent — Manufacturers of Yarns, 
Twines, Cord, Rope and Banding — Fire Hose Cords, both Warp and Weft, a 
Specialty — Goods Sold Directly from the Mills — Stackpole Street. 

The Whittier cotton mills comprise an old-established plant, formerly conducted by Whittier 
& Sons, but incorporated in 1887, capital stock $75,000. The mill building is of brick, three 
stories in height, about 125x300 feet in area, and contains an elaborate equipment that includes a 
275-horse-power steam engine, 5000 spindles, and cards, twisting and rope-making machinery 
to match. Seventy-five hands is the usual complement of employes, and the mills are never 
idle save on Sunday and holidays or in case of accident, as there is constant demand for all the 
yarns, twines, cords, rope and banding that can be produced, the value of the output ranging 
from $150,000 to $200,000 per annum. It is distributed throughout the country, but princi- 
pally in New England. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



279 



LOWELL TOOL AND ENGINE COMPANY. 



McNab Brothers — Builders of Automatic, Throttling and Compound Engines of All 
Kinds — Mill Work, Repairs, etc. — Main Street, Ayer City. 

Messrs. Duncan and Donald JNIcNab (the former president, the latter secretary of the 
Lowell Tool and Engine Company) established themselves in business on their own account 

about nine years ago. They 
have devoted themselves in- 
dustriously to the improve- 
ment of the steam engine and 
its adaptation to special pur- 
poses with most encouraging 
results, making specialties of 
automatic cut-off engines, 
horizontal automatic engines, 
high-speed engines, engines 
for driving electric generators, 
wood-working and i r o n - 
working machinery, etc., 
together with dynamos and 
electric motors of simple yet 
effectual form. An engine 
exhibited by them at the 
Middlesex fair attracted much 
attention and was referred to 
by the Citizen in the follow- 
ing terms: "The engine is forty-horse-power, horizontal, and has an automatic cut-off, sim- 
plicity itself in its working and capable of the closest regulation, which adapts it particularly 
for electric lighting purposes. This automatic arrangement affects the throw-off eccentric, and 
consequently the point of cut-off, according to the load the engine is driving. A mechanical 
arrangement also secures the key and strap on the connecting rod, which does away with the 
old and troublesome attachment. This is done by means of an ear on the end of a key, secured 
by two checked nuts in place of the set screw on the side, which closes up and swells the key. 
The slide bars, also, are a new feature, the bearing surfaces being of a most substantial char- 
acter. On the bottom slide bar there is a projection on each side which retains the oil, keeps 
the engine clean, and is quite economical. The slide block has the advantage of a clean and 
oily surface to move in all the time. A patent piston is inside the cylinder, and the McNabs 
pride themselves on the automatic cut-off." The Lowell Tool and Engine Company's shops, 
situated at the intersection of Brook and Lincoln streets, Ayer City, comprise two one-story 
frame buildings respectively 40x65 and 30x40 feet, well equipped with steam power and all 
requisite tools for constructing machinery. The company employs from fifteen to twenty men, 
gives attention to calls for mill work, shafting, the reboring of cylinders and general repairs, 
and transacts a business amounting to about $35,000 per annum. 




TAYLOR ROOF SHINGLING COMPANY. 



F. A. Taylor, Proprietor — No. 92 Bartlett Street. 

Mr. F. A. Taylor, born at Carlisle, has passed the greater part of his life in Lowell, but 
was for three years in California and the far west. Returning, he in 1876 established the 
Taylor Roof Shingling Company, and by the exercise of tact, energy and industry, united with 
skill and reliability both in responding to calls and the character of his workmanship, has made 
a success of his venture — a department of industry of which, so far as we are informed, no one 
else ever thought as a specialty, the general presumption being that any competent carpenter 
can make a satisfactory shingle roof. Mr. Taylor's facilities are first-class in all respects; he 
employs from eight to ten expert workmen; all shingles used by him are sawn expressly for his 
trade and bear the brand "Taylor Roof Shingling Co.;" and the utmost care is taken to make 
every job wind and water-proof, strong and enduring. As an indication of the extent of his 
business it may be stated here that his consumption of materials averages 2,000,000 shingles, 
twenty tons of zinc, six tons of sheet lead and twenty tons best steel nails annually. Roofing 
of all kinds — shingle, tin, sheet iron, felt, gravel, slate, etc. — is done to order, and special at- 
tention given to repairing and re-roofing houses, mills, factories, etc., for non-resident prop- 
erty-owners. He warrants all his work. 



28o 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 



OLD COLONY TRUST COMPANY. 



T. Jefferson Coolidge, Jr,, President; C. S. Tuckerman, Secretary and Treasurer; 

Joseph G. Stearns, Superintendent Safe Deposit Vaults — Ames Building, cor. 

Washington and Court Sts. 
This institution, incorporated May 8, 1S90, capital stock $1,000,000, paid-up surplus $500,- 
000, sprang into instant and tremendous popularity with the lousiness public, not only because 
of the immense usefulness it promised but of the absolute security presented by the board of 
directors, which embraces many of the best and most responsible names in New England, or 
the country, to wit: T. Jefferson Coolidge, jr., president, Frederick L. Ames, John F. Ander- 
son, John L. Bremer, Martin Brimmer, T. Jefterson Coolidge, George F. Fab3-an, George P. 
Gardner, Francis L. Higginson, Henry S. Howe, Walter Hunnewell, W. Powell Mason, 
George Von L. Meyer, Laurence Minot, Richard Olney, Henry R. Reed, Lucius M. Sargent, 
Nathaniel Thayer, John L Waterbury, Stephen M. Weld and Henry C. Weston. The first 
offices occupied were at No. 50 State street, and the doors were opened for business June 14, 
1890. It soon became manifest that the accommodations were entirely inadequate, so the 
ground floor of the new Ames building at the corner of Washington and Court streets was 
leased, and when that magnificent fourteen-story granite-and-sandstone fire-proof edifice was 
completed early in the present year, the Trust Company removed to what is unquestionably the 
most perfect and elaborate banking-house east of New York if not on the continent. The 
business of the company continuing to increase, it has been necessary to provide additional 
space, and'the fine Ijanking rooms over the present quarters have been leased from January ist, 
1892. The offices are superbly fitted up in mahogany, plate glass and marble, with rich and 
costly brass and bronze railings, frescoed ceilings and every evidence of wealth and power. In 
the basement are the safe deposit vaults, of the latest improved construction, impregnable 
alike to thieved and fire, and further provided with every safeguard that ingenuity can devise 
or integrity supply. Boxes here are rented at reasonable figures, ranging from $10 to $100 
per annum, according to size, a'ld depositors carry their own keys, not even the officials 
having access to the compartments or their contents, while special coupon rooms are supplied 
to ladies. Mr. Joseph G. Stearns is superintendent of the deposit vaults, which offer the best 
possible storage for stocks, bonds, securities, title deeds, mortgages, diamonds and other valu- 
ables of a portable character. The company transacts a general and very extensive banking 
business, allows interest on daily balances subject to check, and solicits personal accounts, of 
which a leading specialty is made, cashing coupons and collecting dividends for depositors free 
of charge. It also acts as agent in financial transactions, and as agent for transfers, registrar 
and trustee under mortgages. In a word, every description of monetary transactions, the cus- 
tody of funds of all kinds and the conduct of a general fiduciary trust is assured by this cor- 
poration, which offers the best possible guarantees of good faith, reliability and responsibility. 
The subjoined statement of August i, 1891, will perhaps convey some idea of the high estima- 
tion in which the Old Colony Trust Company is held. 



ASSETS. 

Loans, $3,529,399 47 

City and other Bonds at or under par,. . 389.295 19 

Deposit Vaults, 62.714 35 

Expenses Paid, 11,918 93 

Cash on hand, 210,419 97 

CashinBank 962,417 31 



Total, $5,166,165 



LIABILITIES. 

Capital Stock, $1,000,000 00 

Surplus 500,000 00 

Undivided Profits and Interest, 112,588 70 

State Tax, 11,000 00 

Deposits, 3,542,576 52 



Total $5,166,165 22 



E. HAPGOOD & SON, 



Manufacturers of Wool, Cotton, Hair, Fibre, Husk, Tow, Wool-top and Cotton-top 
Mattresses — Dealers in Bedding, Wool and Spring Beds — No. 17 High Street. 
This is the most extensive mattress manufacturing concern in Lowell, if not in New England, 
and was founded eighteen or twenty years ago by the late Ephraim Hapgood, after whose 
death his widow and son Edgar succeeded to the management. The office is at No. 79 High 
street, and connected therewith is factory No. i, frame, three -stories, 25x80 feet; No. 2, 
situated on Lawrence street, also a three-story frame structure, is 30X no feet, with picker and 
boiler-houses attached. From thirty-five to forty hands are employed at both places, and the 
combined capacity is one hundred and twenty-'five finished mattresses of all kinds daily. Their 
trade extends to all parts of the Union, and is mostly with furniture dealers, house furnishers, 
etc., though orders are executed for hotel men and others in quantities. Every description of 
mattresses are made here in superior style and at reasonable prices, from any desired materials 
— wool, cotton, hair, fibre, husk, excelsior, wool and cotton-top. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 28 1 

NEW ENGLAND BUNTING COMPANY. 



E. S. Hylan, Treasurer and Manager — Manufacturers of Bunting, Fancy Worsteds, 
Cotton Carriage Robes, Turkey Red Awning Stripes, Flags, etc. — -Davidson St. 

The plant now occupied by this company was established about thirty-five years ago by 
John Holt, who employed it for the manufacture of flannels up to the time of his death. Mr. 
E. S. Hylan purchased the property and founded the New England Bunting Company in 1881, 
though it was not incorporated until 188S; capital stock $25,000; treasurer and manager, E. 
S. Hylan; selling agents, N. Boynton & Co., Is'os. 87 and 89 Commercial street, Boston. The 
mill proper is a sturdy-looking three-story stone building 30 x 80 feet, with frame addition, and 
is well equipped with appropriate machinery, including three warpers, twenty broad and fifty- 
two narrow looms and all other requisites, driven by a 6o-horse-power steam engine. From 
thirty to forty operatives are employed, and the output, of the best quality, is quite large — 
from 2800 to 3000 yards of bunting daily, loooo cotton carriage robes weekly, besides con- 
siderable quantities of Turkey red awning stripes, flags, etc. Orders should be sent to the 
selling agents at Boston, Messrs. N. Boynton & Co., Nos. 87 and 89 Commercial street. 



GEO. L. CADY, 



Manufacturer of Engine and Hand Lathes, Jackson's Patent Electric Engines, 
Semple's Book-Trimming Machines, Loom Harness Hooks and Eyes, Belt 
Hooks, etc. — Dealer in Machinists' and Mill Supplies — Corner Western Avenue 
and Fletcher Street. 

Mr. Cady, formerly located on Middlesex street, was at one time a very extensive manufac- 
turer of engine and foot lathes, but, finding the business rather overdone in this city, removed 
to Western avenue and Fletcher street, where, occupying two commodious floors and basement, 
he devotes his attention more especially to orders for experimental machinery, though he still 
builds and repairs the devices upon which his prosperity was founded and executes commissions 
for loom harness hooks and eyes, belt hooks, and machinists' and mill supplies. In the palmy 
days of the trade he kept forty men at work on foot lathes alone; now he employs a compar- 
atively small force, yet turns out considerable fine work of other kinds, having contracts for the 
•construction of the famous Semple book-trimmer and the Jackson patent electric motor. He 
has two young sons, and it is his desire that they may succeed him in the business of machine- 
building, in which event he designs erecting great shops and giving them a grand start in life- 
Personally Mr. Cady is now and for some years has been largely interested in real estate transac. 
tions. He was Captain of Company G, of the celebrated vSixth Massachusetts volunteers, of 
Baltimore riot memory, and is a prominent member of the G. A. R. 



LOWELL WORSTED MILLS. 



James Dugdale, Proprietor — Commission Spinner of Worsted, Mohair, Camel's 
Hair and Mixed Yarns — No. 72 Willie Street. 

Mr. James Dugdale is a native of Lancashire, England. At a tender age he was set at 
•work in the worsted mills at Dolphinholme, changing at a later day to the worsted mills at 
Bradford in Yorkshire. Forty-four years ago he came to this country, and, having lived in 
Lowell during most of the time since, is pretty thoroughly Americanized. His first business 
venture was made in a small mill on the Whipple's mills premises, but, having purchased the 
stone mill and grounds at No. 72 Willie street, he refitted and occupied the building in 1868. 
It is a remarkably substantial stone structure of three stories and attic, 40x100 feet, and 
adorned with a quaint stone chimney — a survivor of a dead-and-gone age, apparently designed 
to out-rival in endurance the eternal hills, and the only remaining example of the primitive 
smoke-stack in this vicinity. The Lowell worsted mills are remarkably well equipped with the 
best modern machinery for the manufacture of worsted, mohair, camel's hair and mixed yarns 
for cassimeres, coatings and knit goods, improved patent knot-preventing doublers for two to 
six-ply yarns, combs, cards, 2000 spindles, etc., while ninety operatives find steady work in the 
various departments, denoting a large aggregate output, though, as all the spinning is done on 
commission, the precise figures are difficult to obtain. Mr. D. also keeps in stock, for the con- 
venience of customers, a general assortment of skeins, tubes, dresser spools, shuttle bobbins, 
five-inch spools, etc. A 150-horse-power steam engine drives the machinery of this mill and of 
several other shops and factories operated by tenants of Mr. Dugdale. 



282 INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 

HARRIMAN BROS., 



Manufacturers of Elastic and Non-Elastic Webs, Web Straps, Braids and Sus- 
penders — No. 123 Hale Street. 

Messrs. Joseph and John Harriman have long been residents of Lowell. Industrious and en- 
terprising, they some years ago began the manufacture on a small scale of webs, suspenders, 
etc., putting into their work extraordinary taste and skill and finding ready sale for their goods, 
steadily increasing their facilities and output as the demand grew. They first enlarged their plant 
in 1885 and again in 1886, and now occupy the two-story frame building No. 123 Hale street, 
40x40 feet, with L 32x35 feet, fitted up with steam power, special looms, sewing machines, 
etc., and giving employment to about thirty-five hands. The leading specialties made here 
include a superior line of elastic and non-elastic webs, web straps, braids and suspenders. 
Every article is of the very best quality, only the choicest materials and most expert workman- 
ship being employed, consequently there is no accumulation of stock. Some of the goods — 
notably a line of fine suspenders — are made up on the premises, but for the most part the 
braids and webs are shipped direct to the New York selling agent, by whom they are disposed 
of to the shoe, suspender, dressmaking and surgical appliance trades and others requiring this- 
class of materials. 



SAM'L E. & T. STOTT, 



Manufacturers of Card Clothing for Jute, Flax and Other Fibres, Gills, Circles, 
Fallfers, Gill, Card and Comb Pins, etc. — Meadowcroft Street. 

Here is one card-clothing house which is not entangled in the meshes of the trust and iS' 
content to do business on business principles and on actual merit, in open competition with all 
legitimate rivals. The firm, established in 1876, consists of Messrs. Samuel E. and T. Stoty 
(brothers), practical workmen and competent businessmen. The works occupy a two-stor t 
frame building, 45 x 80 feet, on Meadowcroft street, and are thoroughly equipped in all depart- 
ments with the latest improved machinery for stretching and cutting wire, for cutting oft 
"peris," for drilling lags and gills, for grinding and finishing, and for all required purposes, 
the whole driven by a 20-horse-power steam engine, while al^out thirty expert workmen are 
kept busily engaged in those operations wherein manual labor is indispensable. The products 
comprise superior lines of needle and diamond pointed wood and leather card clothing for use 
in preparing vegetable fibres, machine wool combs, shoddy and waste pickers, rag dusters, cir- 
cles, gills, fallers, hackles, gill, card and comb pins, etc., and the output is large and of great 
value, being supplied direct to manufacturers all over New England, the demand from other 
parts of the country growing at a gratifying rate. 



LEWIS D. GUMB, 



Granite and Marble Cutter — Contractor for Monumental, Cemetery and Building" 
Work — Corner Gorham Street and Carter Place. 

Mr. L. D. Gumb is a native of Nova Scotia and a practical designer and sculptor of mon- 
umental and architectural granite and marble. He removed to Westerly, R. I., in 1870. In 
1872 he began business in Sterling, Conn., but remained there only a year, when he removed 
to Lowell, where his genius, skill and industry have made him a fine reputation and enabled! 
him to achieve marked business success. His excellent taste and artistic and mechanical 
ability are attested by the numerous difticult and exacting contracts he has executed here, 
among the most notable of which may be mentioned the Shedd memorial tomb in the Lowell 
cemetery and the granite work of the Faulkner residence on Belmont avenue. Mr. Gumb's- 
oftice and show rooms are situated at the corner of Gorham street and Carter place, where he 
occupies his own three-story frame building, 25 x 50 feet. Here are exhibited many specimens, 
of his work, mostly monuments, gravestones, etc., together with' drawings for others. His 
yards, fitted up with steam power, polishing machines, etc., and employing twenty expert work- 
men, are situated at the corner of Gorham and Maple streets, covering between two and three 
acres. He has a complete plant and enjoys a large local patronage besides shipping some to 
the west. His leading specialties comprise monuments and fronts for buildings in granite from 
architects' designs. Mr. Gumb is ably assisted by his brothers Richard and Harry, respectively 
foreman and salesman, which enables him to give immediate and skillful attention to all orders 
for finished work and requests for drawings. 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 283 

THE NORTON DOOR CHECK AND SPRING COMPANY. 



James P. Flynn, President ; Charles S. Penhallow, Treasurer — Office, 505 Sears 

Building. 

The door check and spring shown in the accompanying cut is really a triumph of mechanical 
genius and the most perfect practical appliance for the purpose ever devised. The numbers 
denote the names of the parts- and are for the guidance of the purchaser when ordering. 




Briefly, the apparatus consists of a cylinder, piston, spring, and self-adjusting valve, the whole 
provided with suitable brackets and adapted to be attached to the top part of a door and the 
frame over the door. In it are combined two opposing powers — the spring, for closing the 
door (drawing with greatest power when nearest closed), and the check, or cushioning of the 
piston on air, which brings the door to a momentary pause near the jamb, then quietly and surely 
closing and latching it by the operation of the spring, the operation being regulated by the 
automatic valve, which permits the air to enter the cylinder while opening the door, and 
while closing exhausts the air more or less as the force exerted on the door to close it is greater 
or less. The parts of the device are so arranged together that the greater the force exerted to 
close the door the greater the resistance offered ; consequently no slam or jar can occur. Of 
all the appliances ever designed for this purpose the Norton door check and spring is the only 
one that has actually succeeded. Nothing etjuals it for the noiseless closing of doors and the 
prevention of glass-breaking, and every hotel, car, steamboat, business house, residence, church, 
theater, hospital, public building and office door should be equipped with it. The Norton 
Door Check and Spring Company was incorporated in 1881, capital stock $200,000; board of 
directors — James P. Flynn, president; Col. Charles R. Codman, Frank Wood, Russell Gray 
and Charles S. Penhallow, treasurer, all of Boston. The office is situated in the Sears build- 
ing, and the corporation does a large and growing business, selling in all parts of the world. 
London, England, is the great distributing point for European countries, and sends out about 
$2,000 worth of the door checks weekly to France, Spain, Italy, Russia, Egypt, Norway, 
Australia, etc., while the Boston office is kept busy supplying the United States, Mexican and 
South American orders. The vast fourteen-story Ames building is fitted throughout with this 
time-saving, noise-preventing device. Send for circular. 



284 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



CLINTON L. BRUCE, 




|| Exeellenee and Reliability. ||| 



Manufacturer of Medicinal and Surgical Plasters — Porus, Blister, Mustard, Corn, 
Bunion, Court, Surgeons' Adhesive, Insinglass and Dressing Plasters of Every 
Description — Proprietor of Bruce's Liquid Glue and Bruce's Salve. 

Twelve years ago Mr. Bruce commenced the manufacture of plasters, and his business has 
steadily increased. He has never soHclted business outside of the New England States, but 
has received orders from all parts of the United States and British provinces. Mr. Bruce has 

customers who have used his 
goods since he commenced bus- 
iness, and never during his 
whole experience has he had 
any goods manufactured by him 
returned as not good or unsala- 
able. Mr. Bruce makes a 
specialty of surgeons' adhesive, 
isinglass and dressing plasters, 
court plasters of every descrip- 
tion, corn, bunion, mustard, spice 
and blister plasters. The goods, 
carefully and skillfully made, 
are of the finest quality ever 
manufactured. He has the ex- 
perience and the "know how," 
and attends personally to the 
manufacturing, and it is his 
constant aim not only to equal 
but to excel in all products 
peculiar to his trade, thereby 
gaining a reputation as the 
manufacturer of the finest goods 
of the kind in the world. His 

motto is "EXCELLENCE AND 

RELIABILITY." Bruce's ad- 
hesive plaster is made of three 
different thicknesses of cloth — 
a light, called "Bruce's Sur- 
geons' adhesive, a medium 
called Bruce's .Surgeons' corsa- 
let, and a heavy extension 
jilaster, Bruce's Swan's down. 
?"or the varied operations of the 
surgeon, in private and hospital 
practice, this plaster deserves 
special recognition. It can be 
applied almost instantly; the 
application of moisture conveyed 
in any form (the most con- 
venient being that of a wetted 
sponge) causes it to adhere 
(juickly. Mr. Bruce says: "I 
have frecjuently come in contact with leading surgeons of tlie country, and have been solicited 
from time to time to make adhesive plaster that could be relied upon. I believe I have now 
the most perfect adhesive plaster ever produced. It is antiseptic, very susceptible to the 
slightest wetting, very adhesive, quickly applied, and a plaster that will remain firm and will 
neither slide nor stretch, nor irritate the parts to which it is applied; being waterproof, wounds 
can be cleansed without redressing, whilst the mild, antiseptic action prevents putrefaction. It 
remains servicable in any climate, is not affected l)y age, heat or cold, and cannot spoil. Such 
an adhesive plaster has long been sought for liy the busy surgeon, and such a plaster I am now 
pleased to present to the medical fraternity, where it has been fully tested and indorsed as the 
best Adhesive Plaster in the market." Bruce's Swan's down plaster — the original and only 
reliable extension plaster, the only plaster of the kind — is as near perfection as can be. It has 
made a reputation for the manufacturer, Clinton L. Bruce, a country wide, as the plaster that 
was needed, the best ever produced. 




4 




^Sl^i 



^WELL, MASS 



INLAND MASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 285 

What home surgeons say of Bruce's adhesive plasters: 

Mr. Clinton L. Bruce : Sir — I have no hesitation in saying that the adhesive plaster manufactured by 
you Is decidedly the best article of the kind I have ever seen. 

Lowell, Mass. GILMAN KIMBALL, M. D. 

Clinton L. Bruce: Dear Sir — I have used your "Swansdown" plaster during the past year and have 
•found it superior to the English moleskin or any other plaster 1 have seen. The advantages of the plaster 
over others consist mainl_\Jn its greater adhesive properties and its imperviousness to water. It is not in- 
juriously affected by heat or cold. In several cases I have maintained e.xtensions upon a fractured thigh for 
si.\ weeks with this plaster without any reapplication. 

Lowell, Mass. " J. C. IRISH, M. D. 

Clinton L. Bruce : Dear Sir— I have used Bruce's adhesive plasters for the past year and a-half, and 
consider them superior to any I have ever used. 

Lowell. Mass. " L. S. FOX, M. D, 

Mr. Clinton L. Bruce: Sir—\ have used the Surgeons' adhesive plaster manufactured by you for 
some time with satisfactory results, and can recommend it to the profession as being scientifically made and 
thoroughlv reliable. 

Lowell, Mass. JOHN H. GILMAN, M. D. 

Mr, C. L. Bruce : Dear Sit — In my opinion your Surgeons' adhesive plaster has no superior. An oily 
dressing will not aftect the plaster. 

Lowell, Mass. C. W. TAYLOR, M. D. . 

Clinton L. Bruce : Dear Sir — Having used the plasters manufactured by you in all kinds of surgical 
dressings, I would say I think thev far excel any plaster that I have ever used. 

Concord, N. H., May 22, 1886." " A. H. CROSBY, M D. 

I have used vour isinglass plasters the past year with great satisfaction. 

Concord, N.'H.. May 22, 1886. " CHAS. R. 'WALKER, M. D, 

Clinton L. Bruce: Dear Sit — Your plasters seem to me superior to anything of the kind 1 have ever 
Tised or seen. 

Concord, N. H., May 21, 1886, S. C. MORRILL, M. D. 

Clinton L. Bruce : Dear Sit — I have used the plasters manufactured by you for several years and 
have found them satisfactory and reliable every time. 

Suncook, N. H. GEO. H. LARABEE, M. D. 

Clinton L. Bruce: Dear Sir — I have used all kinds of Surgeon's adhesive plasters made by you in 
my practice for the past five years, and have always found them reliable ; prefer them to any other make. 
Nashua, N. H. GEO. H. 'WlLBUR, M. D. 

The preference, confidence and recommendations with which practioners and pharmacists 
■continvially favor Mr. Bruce are indeed gratifying and are fully appreciated, and they can be 
assured that his best efforts and energies will be vigilantly directed toward sustaining the 
reputation of his plasters. 



NOBTHERN INVESTMENT COMPANY. 



George Leonard, President and General Agent; Alden A. Howe, Treasurer — Offices, 
Rooms 7 to II Advertiser Building, No. 246 Washington Street, Boston. 

Investments in real estate, wisely made, make surer and better returns, on the whole, than 
any other, while those in choice city business sites, carefully selected, may be fairly pronounced 
the very cream of all investments. Certain prosperous eastern and western cities present mag- 
nificent opportunities of this kind, and it is to this class of investments that the Northern In- 
vestment Company confines its attention, eschewing mortgages with all their train of evils to 
both borrower and lender, and purchasing outright for cash at low prices, improving the prop- 
erty, and relying more upon a regular income from rents than upon any other source for divi- 
dends, thus eliminating speculation (save in so far as that term may apply to natural increase 
of values — " unearned increment " as our single tax friends call it), law-suits, foreclosure pro- 
ceedings and other expensive annoyances. This company was incorporated in 1890, authorized 
capital stock $20,000,000. The president is Mr. George Leonard, a practical real estate man 
of more than thirty-five years' experience, general agent of the Boston Investment Company 
and the Massachusetts Real Estate Company, and an expert whose integrity and sound judg- 
ment are recognized and conceded on all hands. Thomas Weston, the noted Boston counsel- 
lor, speaks of Mr. Leonard as a gentleman of great enterprise, energy and high personal 
character, " who has had large dealings in the purchase and sale of real estate, and upon whose 
judgment my clients and myself have l)een in the hal)it of relying, and I know of no man upon 
whose judgment I should place more confidence in matters pertaining to the value of real 
estate." Treasurer Alden A. Howe is a trained financier, with fifteen years' experience as 
cashier of the Quinsigamond National Bank of Worcester and the First National Bank of 
Grafton. The board of directors embraces, besides the gentlemen named, Messrs. W. 
A. Faulkner, president Traders' National Bank, Boston ; Charles W. Perkins, cashier 
Massachusetts National Bank, Boston ; George L. Joy, president L'nion Loan and Trust 
Company, Sioux City, Iowa, and A. L. Stetson of Sioux City, a man of large experience 
in real estate. Auditors — Lafayette Burr, treasurer National Dock and Warehouse 



286 



INLAND ISIASSACHUSETTS ILLUSTRATED. 



Company, Boston; John F. Howell, auditor of City of Worcester. Clerk, John R. Allen? 
assistant clerk, Wm. Chaffee. Attorney, Arthur M. Alger, ex-mayor of Taunton, Mass. The 
company owns improved and unimproved real estate in Sioux City to the value (cash cost 
price) of one million eight hundred thousand dollars. Regular dividends of six and one-half 
per cent, per annum are payable quarterly in February, May, August and November, at the 
Traders' National Bank, Boston. Stockholders of the Boston Investment Company and the 
Massachusetts Real Estate Company are taking this stock with avidity. They extend 
to the general public the opportunity to invest, and to them stock will be issued on 
receipt of their orders, accompanied by the cash, at the offices of the company, rooms 7, 8, 
9, 10 and II Advertiser building. No. 246 Washington street, Boston, Mass., where intend- 
ing investors and others interested are invited to call or address their communications. 



RIDGWAY FUBNACE COMPANY. 



Manufacturers of the Ridgway Revolving Open Fire-Pot Furnace — No. 76 Union 

Street, Boston, Mass. 

The Ridgway furnace has now been before the public for a numl)er of years, subjected to the 
severest practical tests, and has proved itself the equal in all respects and in many the unap- 

proached superior of any furnace ever designed 
for similar purposes — the thorough, healthful and 
economical heating of residences, small factories, 
office buildings, etc. In open competition with 
the furnaces of other noted makers the Ridgway 
received the highest and only special award of 
the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics' Associa- 
tion in 1884, and again in 1887 a special diploma 
from the same association for continued excellence. 
The drawbacks of the ordinary solid cast-iron 
tire-pot and of the brick-lined fire-pot are obvious 
and well known. In the case of the first it is 
difficult to maintain slow combustion without 
quenching the fire; the second is deficient in 
heating power, because the liricks, being non- 
conductors, impede the transmission of heat to the 
radiators, are easily broken and require t'requent 
renewal, and the fire-pot, becoming covered with 
clinkers to a depth of several inches, is occasion- 
ally so reduced in interior dimensions as to render 
a satisfactory fire impossible. The revolving open 
fire-pot of the Ridgway furnace completely does, 
away with these objections, and presents the 
following points of advantage: The fire-pot, being 
made in sections, allows of expansion and con- 
I traction without warping or cracking, as is the 
result where they are made in one solid piece. 
There is no sifting of ashes, as the combustion of the fuel is complete. The construction of the 
open fire-pot insures a naturally perfect combustion, which is impossible to obtain in a solid 
pot. The combustion is so perfect that neither clinkers nor gas result. The gases are burned on 
the sides of the pot near the radiator, as well as on the top. By revolving the fire-pot the ashes 
are shaken out without packing the coal, as is tht case with the old method of shaking the 
grate, which necessitates the use of the poker through the grate to loosen it so the air can pass 
through to support combustion. In running a continuous low fire it is superior to all others. 
The putting on of fresh coal does not smother or retard the fire, as it burns out through the 
sides of the pot, gradually igniting the fresh coal, and consuming the gases as fast as generated, 
thereby saving a great waste of gas and the cooling of the t'urnace. There is no fire brick 
between the fire and the radiator to obstruct the passage of heat. The fire-pot being open (on 
the sides), the condition of the fire can be seen at a glance, and access had to every part of it. 
The grate can be dumped the same as in the ordinary furnace. In the portable furnaces the 
casing has a tin lining. An automatic regulator is lurnished with every turnace, so sensitive 
that dtbsing the registers willcheck the drat't. Eight- years' use with no visible wear proves 
its durability. The Ridgway Furnace Company is in possession of numlierless testimonials 
from owners of these furnaces in eastern and central Massachusetts, all of which express un- 
bounded satisfaction with the furnace and its workings, An illustrated descriptive pamphlet is 
mailed to any address upon application, and the furnace is exhibited and fully explained to 
those interested who will call at the company's office and salesrooms. No. 76 Union street, 
Boston, Mass. 



^ 




INDEX TO 

REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES. 



AMUSEMENTS. 
Bates' Opera House, 'Attleboro, 
Marlboro (The) Theater, Marlboro, 
New Worcester Theater, Worcester, 
Architects. 

Kingston, John P., Worcester, . 
Patston & Lincoln, Worcester, . 
Awl Manufacturers. 

American Awl Co., Worcester, . 



PAGE. 

. 207 

• 239 
. 60 

. 116 

• 52 

. 82 



B 



ADGE & CHARM MANUFACTURERS. 



Streeter, C. E. & Co., Attleboro, . 206 

Band Saw Machine Manufacturers. 

Burgess, W. F. & Co., Worcester, . .111 

Banks — National. 

Bristol County National, Taunton, . .194 
Central National, Worcester, ... 78 
Citizens' National, Worcester, ... 56 
City National, Worcester, .... 65 
First National, Attleboro, .... 209 
Franklin National, Franklin, • . . . 161 
North Attleboro National, N. Attleboro, 216 
Worcester National, 41 

Banks — Savings. 

Attleboro Savings Bank, N. Attleboro, 218 
Bristol County Savings Bank, Taunton, 184 
Framingham Savings Bank, South 

Framingham, 232 

Mechanics Savings Bank, Lowell, . . 263 
People's Savings Bank, Worcester, . 107 
Worcester County Institution for Sav- 
ings, Worcester, 54 

Bicycles. 

Holland & Havener, Worcester, . . 66 

Boat Builders. 

Coburn, A. A., Worcester, .... 98 
Webb, Geo. E., Worcester, . . . . 91 

Boiler Works. 

Allen, Wm. & Sons, Worcester, . . 102 
Flynn Boiler Works, Fall River, . .174 
Stewart Boiler Works, Worcester, . . 57 

Bolt and Nut Manufacturers. 

American Bolt Co., Lowell, . . 270-271 

Boot and Shoe Machinery Manufacturers. 
Adams, John J., Worcester, .... 84 
Dustin & Clark, Spencer, 120 

Boot and Shoe Manufacturers. 

Athol Shoe Co., Athol, 159 

Bacon & Sibley, Spencer, . . . .117 
Bacon, Young & Co., .Spencer, . . .119 
Hewitt, Chas. & Co., Taunton, . . . 189 
Green, J. & Co., Spencer, . . . .117 

Hill & Greene, Athol, 159 

Jones, E. & Co., Spencer, . . . .119 
Prouty, Isaac & Co., Spencer, . . .118 
Smith, H. E. & Co., Worcester, . . 81 
Valpey & Anthony Shoe Co., Leomin- 
ster, 154 

Bottlers. 

Rock, Frank S., Marlboro, . . . .241 

Box Manufacturer. 

Cummings, F. G., Lowell, .... 268 
Sproat, J. C, Taunton, 185 



PAGE. 



225 

88 
292 

285 

165 
281 
186 

no 

278 
282 
137 

55 



j6-237 
. 226 



Braid Manufacturers. 

Gold Medal Braid Co., Attleboro Falls 
Brass Founders. 

Shaw, L. & Son, Worcester, 

Trefethen, D. A., Taunton, . 

Union Brass Foundry, Lowell, . 
Builders' Supplies. 

Metcalf, O. F. & Sons, Franklin, . 
Bunting Manufacturers. 

New England Bunting Co., Lowell, 
Button Manufacturers. 

Cushman, H. L. & Co., Taunton, . 

CARBONATED BEVERAGE MFR. 
Hagar, Wm. S., Worcester, 
Cap and Set Screw Manufacturers. 
Smith, S. C. & G. H., Lowell, . 
Card Clothing Manufacturers. 

Stott, S. E. & T., Lowell, . , . 
Carpet Manufacturers. 

Bigelow Carpet Co., Clinton, 
Worcester Carpet Co., Worcester, . 
Carriage Manufacturers. 

Crandall, E. E., South Framing- 
ham, 2 

Fuller Carriage Co., Mansfield, 

Casket and Coffin Manufacturer. 

Howard, Allen, Lowell, 277 

Cassimere Manufacturers. 

Ray's Woolen Co., Franklin, . . . 164 
Chemists and Dye Works. 

Talbot Dyewood and Chemical Co., 

Lowell, 267 

Cigar Manufacturers. 

Bristol Cigar Co., North Attleboro, 

Shattuck, M. E. & Co., Worcester, 

Shattuck, O. P., Worcester, . . . 
Civil Engineers and Surveyors. 

Shedd & Sarle, Worcester, . 
Clothiers. 

Bell Clothing Co., Worcester, 

Boston Clothing Co., Worcester, 

Fames, D. H. cS: Co., Worcester, 

Macullar & Son, Worcester, . 

McElroy & Cushman, Taunton, . 

Ware-Pratt Co., Worcester, 
Clothing Manufacturers. 

Dighton Rock Pants Co., Taunton, . 

Ware-Pratt Co., Worcester, 

Worcester Pants Mfg. Co., . 
Conservatory of Music. 

N. E. Conservatory of Music, Boston, 
Coffin Plates, etc. 

Eldridge & Co., Taunton, 
Contractors and Builders. 

Andrews, Henry K. W. & Son, Marl 
Ijoro, 

Darling Bros., Worcester, 

Kingston, Geo., Worcester, . 

Norcross Brothers, Worcester, 

Pellett Bros., Worcester, . . 

Warren, J. E. & Co., Marlboro, 



216 
112 
114 

96 

47 
93 

"3 
50 

184 

68 

184 
68 
64 

292 
185 



243 

52 

116 

87 

99 

242 



288 



INDEX. 



PAGE. 



189 



Copper Manufacturers. 

Taunton Copper Mfg. Co., Taunton, 
•Copper and Sheet Iron Works. 

Vanier & Slaterly, Attleboro, . . .212 

Wilson, D. H. & Co., Lowell, . 272-273 
Corset Manufacturers. 

Worcester Corset Co., 51 

Cotton Mills. 

Elizabeth Poole Mills, Taunton, 

Laurel Lake Mills, Fall River, . 

Narragansett Mills, Fall River, . 

Osborn Mills, Fall River, . . . 

Whittier Cotton Mills, Lowell, . 
Cotton Mill Machinery. 

Draper, George & Sons, Hopedale 
Cotton Yarn Manufacturers. 

Canoe River Mills, Taunton, 

Orswell Mills, Fitchburg, . , . 
Cotton \N'arp and Twine Manufacturers 

Fitchburg Cotton Mill, F"itchburg, 

Wyoming Mills, Fall River, . 
Croquet Manufacturers. 

Merrimack Croquet Co., Lowell, 
Crucible Manufacturers. 

Phcenix Mfg. Co., Taunton, . 
Cutlery Manufacturers. 

Robinson, G. A., W. Mansfield, 

Mason, H. H., Worcester, . 

DENTIST. 
Kendrick, F. H., Worcester, 
Desk Manufacturers. 

Union Desk Co., Leominster, 
Dies — Manufacturers. 

Beaudry, T. J., Marlboro, 

Marlboro Die Co., 

Door Check and Spring. 

Norton Door Check and Spring Co 
Dress Goods Manufacturers. 

Parkhill Mfg. Co., Fitchburg, . 
Drill Manufacturers. 

Burnham, Geo. & Co., Worcester, . 

Snyder, J. E., Worcester, .... 
Drop Forgings Manufacturers. 

Speirs, J. C. & Co. W^orcester, . 
Drugs and Chemicals. 

Borden & Remington, P^all River, . 
Drj' Goods. 

Denholm & McKay Co., Worcester, 
Duck Manufacturers. 

Fitchburg Duck Mills, Fitchburg, . . 
Dyers. 

Attleboro Dye Works, Attleboro, . 

Whitney & Molt, Milllnny, .... 

ELASTIC WEB MANUFACTURERS. 
Harriman Bros., Lowell, .... 
D ectricians — Manufacturers. 

demons, M. E., Attleboro, .... 
Smith Electric Co., Attleboro, 
E!lectro-platers. 

Bonnett, John P., North Attleboro, 
Smith, C. E. & Bro., Attleboro, . . 
Enamelers. 

Maintien, John B., Plainville, 
Endowment Order. 

Non-Secret Endowment Order, Wor- 
cester, 100 

Engine Builders. 



182 
175 
173 

177 

278 

145 

197 
135 

127 
178 

275 
186 

227 
96 

113 

152 

239 
248 



Boston, 

[283 
. • 125 

. . 58 
. • 103 

. . 86 

. . 178 

106 

131 

201 
156 

282 

209 
204 

220 
208 

229 



Burgess, W. F. & Co., Worcester, 



III 



PAGE. 

CELT GOODS MANUFACTURERS. 

i City Mills Co., Franklin, . . . .163 

Felt Manufacturers. 

Lowell Felting Mills, Lowell, . . . 276 

Fertilizer Manufacturers. 

Jefterds, John G., Worcester, ... 50 

File Manufacturers. 

Fitchburg File Works, Fitchburg, . . 135 
Webster File Works, Taunton, . . .198 

Filters- — Manufacturers. 

Ellis Filter Co., Marlboro, .... 240 

Fire Appliances. 

Worcester Fire Appliance Co., (The) 
Worcester, 105 

Fire Arms Manufacturers. 

Johnson, Iver & Co., Worcester, . . 72 

Fire Brick and Stove Lining Mfrs. 

Dighton Stove Lining Co., Dighton, . 199 
French & Winslow, Taunton, . . .192 
Presbrey Stove Lining Co., Taunton, . 191 
Taunton Stove Lining Co., Taunton, . 192 
Union Stove Lining Co., Taunton, . .182 
Williams Stove Lining Co., Taunton, 192 

Flavoring Extracts, etc. 

Lyon, N. U., Fall River, 178 

Sargeant, S. M., Oakham, . . . .157 

Flour, Hay, Grain, etc. 

Hancock, T. E. &Co., North Attleboro, 215 
Metcalf, O. F. & Sons, Franklin, . . 165 

Funeral Directors and Embalmers. 

Rogers, John F., Lowell, .... 271 

Furniture, Carpets, etc. 

Hancock, T. E. & Co., North Attleboro, 215 

GINGHAM MANUFACTURERS. 
Fitchburg Mfg. Co., Fitchburg, . 135 

Lancaster (The) Mills, Clinton, . .139 

Parkhill Mfg. Co., Fitchburg, . . .125 

Whittenton Mfg. Co., Taunton, . . 188 
Furnace Manufacturers. 

Ridgway Furnace Co., Boston, . . . 286 
Glue Manufacturers. 

Jonathan Holt & Co., Lowell, . . . 269 
Gold and Silver Refiners. 

Slade & Whipple, Attleboro, . . . 203 
Goring Manufacturers. 

Lowell Goring Works, Lowell, . . 265 
Grain Bags, Twine, etc. 

Franklin Cotton Co., Franklin, . . .164 
Granite and Marble Cutters. 

Gumb, Lewis D., Lowell, .... 282 
Granite Quarries. 

Milford Pink Granite Co., Milford, . . 140 

Sherman, T. N. & Co., Milford, . . 143 
Grist and Planing Mills. 

Cargill, E. S., North Attleboro, . . . 219 
Ciroceries — Wholesale. 

Hancock, T. E. & Co., North Attleboro, 215 
Harness Manufacturers. 

Newhall, Geo. N. & Co., Worcester, . 40 

HATTERS, TAILORS, ETC. 
McElroy & Cushman, Taunton, . 184 
Horse Blankets, etc. 

Ray Fabric Co., Franklin, .... 164 
Horse Clippers. 

Coates' Clipper Mig. Co., Worcester, . 97 
Hotels. 

American House, Fitchburg, . '. .127 
Bay State House, Worcester, ... 82 



INDEX. 



289 



PAGE. 

Briggs House, Attleboro, .... 207 
Brunswick, (The) Worcester, . . .ill 

Central House, Ashland, 286 

City Hotel, Marlboro, .... 240-241 

City Hotel, Taunton 193 

Fitchburg Hotel, Fitchburg, . . . .125 

Gleason House, 245-246 

Hotel Parker, Worcester., .... 72 

Hotel William, Milford, 142 

Hotel Winthrop, South Framingham, 237 
International House, North Attleboro, 215 
Lake View House, Worcester, . . .91 
Leominster Hotel, Leominster, . . . 153 
Lincoln House, Worcester, .... 61 
Mansion House, Milford, .... 143 
Massasoit House, Spencer, . . . .120 
Mellen House, Fall River, . . . .175 
Old Washington Tavern, Lowell, . . 267 
Opera-house Hotel and Cafe, Attleboro, 208 

Park Hotel, Attleboro, 211 

St. Charles Hotel, Lowell, . . 261-262 
Waldo House, Worcester, .... 64 
Whitney House, Westborough, . . .154 
Windsor House, Marlboro, . . 246-247 

Hot Water Heaters, etc. 

Foxboro Foundry and Machine Co., 
Foxboro, . . . . . . ' . . .166 

INSIDE WOODWORK, ETC. 

1 Hatch, W, E., Lowell, .... 
Jones, Irving E., Milford, .... 
Sturtevant & Galer, Lowell, .... 

Insurance — Life. 

State Mutual Assurance Company of 
Worcester, 

Investment Company. 

Northern Investment Co., Boston, . 

Iron and Steel. 

Blake, Boutwell & Co., Worcester, 
Congdon, Carpenter & Co., Fall River 
Pratt & Inman, Worcester, . 

Iron Foundries. 

Doherty Bros., Lowell, .... 

Iron Planers. 

Wheeler, J. S. & Co., Worcester, . 
JERSEY CLOTH, ETC. 

•J Franklin Knitting Co., Franklin, 
Pero Prespey, Worcester, 

Jewelers. 

Davis, Nelson H., Worcester, . 
Frost, Chas. H., Lowell, 

Jewelers' Findings — Manufacturers. 

Copeland, J. O. & Co., North Attleboro, 213 

Olney, S. W.,Plainville, 228 

Robinson Brothers, Plainville, . . . 227 

Jewelers' Machinery Manufacturers. 
Walcott (The) Mfg. Co., North Attle- 
boro, 214 

Jewelry Manufacturers. 

Anthony, John, Attleboro, .... 208 
Barrows, H. F. & Co., North Attleboro, 216 
Bates & Bacon, Attleboro, : . . . 210 
Bates Button Co., Attleboro, . . . 208 
Blackinton, R. & Co., North Attleboro, 218 
Blackinton, V. H. & Co., Attleboro 

Falls, 221 

Blackinton, W. & S., Attleboro, . . 206 
Bliss, A. H. & Co., North Attleboro, .217 
Briggs, D. F. Co. (The), Attleboro, . 212 
Bugbee & Niles, North Attleboro, . .217 



271 

143 
264 



42 
285 

73 
177 

90 
280 

46 

165 
99 

59 
265 



PAGE. 

Bushee, A. & Co., Attleboro, . . . 204 
Cheever, J. G. & Co., North Attleboro, 214 
Codding Bros., North Attleboro, . . 221 
Co-operative Mfg. Jewelers, N. Attle- 
boro, 221 

Cutler & Lull, North Attleboro, . .219 

Dean, G. A. & Co., Attleboro, . . . 202 

Demarest & Brady, North Attleboro, . 218 

Draper, O. M., North Attleboro, . . 215 
Ellis, Livsey & Co., Attleboro, . . .211 

Fisher, W. D. & Co., Attleboro Falls, 223 

Freeman, B. S. & Co:, Attleboro Falls, 225 
Healey Bros., North Attleboro, . . .213 

Horton, Angell & Co., Attleboro, . . 204 

Inman, J. T. & Co., Attleboro, . . . 203 

Jenney, E. V., North Attleboro, . . 213 

Lincoln, Bacon & Co., Plainville, . . 228 

Lyons, C. D. & Co., Mansfield, . . 226 

MacDonald, R. I;5., Attleboro, . . . 207 

Mason Jewelry Co., Attleboro Falls, . 222 

Pennington, L. W., Worcester, . . 94 

Plainville Stock Co., Plainville, . . 228 

Richards, J. J. & J. M., N. Attleboro, 222 

Richards' Mfg. Co., Attleboro, . . . 205 

Sadler, F. H., Attleboro, .... 210 

Sandland, Capron & Co., N. Attleboro, 213 

Sandland, E. C. & Co., N. Attleboro, . 217 

Schilling, August, North Attleboro, . 214 

Shepardson, F. L. &Co.,N. Attleboro, 214 

Short, Nerney & Co., Attleboro, . . 206 

Simmons, R. F. (S; Co., Attleboro Falls, 222 

Sadler, F. H. & Co., Attleboro, . . 210 

Stanley Bros., Attleboro Falls, . . . 222 

Streeter Bros., Attleboro, .... 203 

Sturdy, J. F. & Sons, Attleboro Falls, 223 

Wade, Davis & Co., Plainville, . . . 229 

Weaver, F. W. & Co., Attleboro, . . 225 

Wetherell, C. A. & Co., Attleboro, . 211 

Wilmarth, Holmes & Co., Attleboro, . 210 

Wilmarth, W. H. &Co., Attleboro, . 202 
Witherell, P. E., Attleboro, . . . .205 

Young & Stern, North Attleboro, . . 220 

KNITTING MILLS. 
Excelsior Knitting Mills, Lowell, . 280 
Shaw Stocking Co., Lowell, . 255-256 

I ADIES' UNDERWEAR MFRS. 

L* Burns, Wm. H. & Co., Worcester, 86 

Last Manufacturers. 

Auburn (The) Last Co., South Fram- 
ingham, 233 

Marlboro Last Co., Marlboro, . . . 292 
Porter & Gardiner, Worcester, . . .71 

Lathe Manufacturers. 

Waymoth, A. D. & Co., Fitchburg, . 134 

Laundries. 

Bay State Laundry, Worcester, . . .115 
Cook, C. B., Laundry Co., Worcester, 71 
Scripture's Laundry, Lowell, ... 257 

Leather Colorers and Dealers. 

Billings, Frank, Marlboro, . . 247-248 
Leather Specialties. 

Fames, George H., South Framingham, 236 

Warren, J. J. Co., Worcester, ... 44 
Linen Manufacturers. 

Stevens (The) Linen Co., Webster, . 158 
Lithographers. 

Forbes Lith. Mfg. Co., Boston, . , , 

2d and 4th pages cover. 



290 



INDEX. 



PAGE. 

Livery Stables. 

Bennett, F. A., Fitchburg, . . . .126 
Draper, C. H., Worcester, .... 45 

Harrub Stable, Taunton, 187 

Haskill, John F., Milford, .... 142 

Heelon, P. H., Lowell, 263 

Hiklreth, C. H., 2d, Worcester, . . 75 
Kendrick, Geo. P. & Co., Worcester, . 116 
Kirby, Chas. & Co., Fall River, . .176 
Narragansett Stalile, Fall River, . .178 
Willard, Noah, Marlboro, .... 240 

Loom Builders. 

Crompton Loom Works, Worcester, . 62 
Knowles' Loom Works, Worcester, . 48 
Steel, Albert H., (^narrow fabrics) Wor- 
cester, 60 

Lumber Dealers. 

Cargill, E. S., North Attleboro, . .219 
Davis & Sargent, Lowell, . . 266-267 
Priest (Chas. A.) Lumber Co., Fitch- 
burg, . 133 

Sanders & Buffington, Taunton, . .195 
Stone, E. E. & Co., Spencer, . . . 168 
Williams, A. G. & Co., Taunton, . . 194 

MACHINE KNIVES— MFRS. 
Hardy, L. & Co., Worcester, . . 108 
Coes, L". & Co., Worcester, .... 93 

Machinery Agent. 

' Clark, Jeremiah, Lowell, 277 

Machinery Manufacturers. 

Johnson & Bassett, Worcester, ... 77 
Knapp, Joel & Son, Lowell, . . . 268 

Machine Screw Manufacturers. 

Winslow & Curtis Machine Screw Co., 
Worcester, 54 

Machinists. 

Barnett, W., Attleboro Falls, . . . 223 
Brown, Wm. H., Worcester, ... 78 

Cady, Geo. L., Lowell, 281 

Doherty Bros., Lowell, 2 So 

Kilburn, Lincoln & Co., Fall River, . 177 
Knight, E. O., Worcester, .... 90 

Mann, F. W., Milford, 144 

Putnam Machine Co., Fitchburg, . .131 
Sawyer, Ezra, Worcester, .... 104 
Sawyer, Jos. A. & Son, Worcester, . loi 

Stevens, B. F., Lowell, 273 

Strange's Machine Works, Taunton, . 187 
Young, W. C. & Co., Worcester, . . 92 

Magazine Air Rifles — Manufacturers. 

Warren, J. J. Co., Worcester, ... 45 

Malleable Iron Works. 

Arcade Malleable Iron Works, Worces- 
ter, 3d page cover. 

Worcester Malleable Iron Works, Wor- 
cester, 3d page cover. 

Marble and Granite Works. 

Andrews & Wheeler, Lowell, . . .257 
Boston Marble and Granite Co., Wor- 
cester, 56 

Burt, D. Arthur & Co., Taunton, . . 197 
Evans & Co., Worcester, .... 85 

Mattress Manufacturer. 

Hapgood, E. & Son, Lowell, . . . 280 
Ware, M. B., Worcester, .... 81 

Mechanical Engineers. 

Middlesex Machine Co., Lowell, . . 265 

Medicinal and Surgical Plaster Mfr. 

Bruce, Clinton L., Lowell, . . 284-285 



PAGE. 



Mill Spools. 

Murdock, William, Winchendon, / . 
Mill Supplies. 

Sumner Pratt & Co., Worcester, 
Moulding Manufacturers. 

Clark Moulding Works, Worcester, 

NEATSFOOT OIL MFRS. 
Hargraves Mfg. Co., Fall River, 
Nickel Platers. 

Taunton Nickel Plating Co., Taunton, 
Nuts and Screws. 

McCloud, Crane & Minter, Worcester, 

OIL EXTRACTOR. 
Sawin, ]. L, Worcester, .... 
Oils. 

Borden & Remington, Fall River, 
Howe, G. S. & A. J., Worcester, 
Worcester Oil Works, Worcester, 
Organ Manufacturers. 

Ingalls, G. W. & Co., Worcester, 
Mason & Risch, Worcester, . 

PACKING BOX MFRS. 
Greenwood, S. A., Carey ville, 

Longley, E. F., Marlboro, . 
Pads, Polishing Felts and Rubber Linings 

Waite's Felting Mills, Franklin, 
Pails and Packages. 

Brown's (Wm.) Sons, Winchendon, 
Painters' and Masons' Supplies. 

Borden & Remington, Fall River, . 
Paper Box Manufacturers. 

Babcock, A. H., Attleboro, . 

Frank & Duston, Marlboro, . 

Humphrey, C. W., Worcester, . 
Paper Manufacturers. 

Lincoln, L. & Co., Dighton, 
Paper Mill Appliances. 

Davis, Ezekiel, Fitchburg, . 
Photographers. 

Blair, C. L., Worcester, .... 
Physicians. 

Solomon, W. B. (Dr.), Fall River, 
Pleasure Resorts. 

Eyrie (The), Worcester, .... 
Plow Manufacturers. 

Ames Plow Co., Worcester, . 
Plumbers and Gas Fitters. 

Vanier & Slaterly, Attleboro, 

Wilson, D. H. & Co., Lowell, 
Pork Packers. 

White, Pevey & Dexter Co., Worcester 
Pump Manufacturers. 

Burgess, W. F. & Co., Worcester, . 
Printers. 

Chase, Samuel M., Lowell, . 

Felt, W. E. W., Worcester, . . 

Glidden, H. F., Lowell, 292 

Kirschner, J. & Sons, Worcester, . . 103 
Private Sanitarium. 

Highlands (The), Winchendon, . . 149 
Proprietary Medicines. 

Ayer, J. C.Co., Lowell, 259 

Moxie Nerve Food Co., Lowell, . . 266 

REED FURNITURE, ETC., 
Converse, M. E. & Co., Winchendon, 148 
New England Rattan Co., South Fram- 
ingham, ....... 234-235 

Refrigerators — Manufacturers. 

Atherton, F. A., Worcester, .... 67 



272- 



151 
76 

95 
176 
190 
105 

^5 

178 
104 
1 12 

97 

73 

167 
246 

165 
152 
178 

210 

243 
76 

199 

136 

108 

174 

114 

108 

212 
•273 

57 
III 

269 
70 



INDEX 



291 



PAGE. 

Rock Drill Manufacturers. 

Burleigh Rock Drill Co., Fitchburg, . 129 
Roll Coverers, etc. 

Tripp, Tohn & Co., Lowell, .... 264 

SADDLERY HARDWARE. 
Newhall, Geo. N. & Co., Worcester, 40 
Safe Deposit Companies. 

State Safe Deposit Co., Worcester, . 43 
Sanitary Engineer. 

Davey, Peter B., Marlboro, .... 241 
Sash Rod Fixtures — Manufacturers. 

Fowler & Company, Worcester, . . 84 
Saw Manufacturers. 

Simonds Mfg. Co., Fitchburg, . . . 126 
Saw Mill Manufacturers. 
^ Lovell (F. -S. ) Machine Co., Fitchburg, 132 
3cale Manufacturers. 

Knowles Scale Works, Lowell, . . .274 

Lowell Scale Co., Lowell, .... 262 
Sewer and Drain F'ipe. 

Borden .S; Remington, Fall River, . .178 
Shear Manufacturers. 

New England Shear Mf'y, Worcester, iio 
Shinglers. 

Taylor Roof Shingling Co., Lowell, . 279 
Shirt Manufacturers. 

D"Allaird, Geo. J., Fitchburg, . . . 134 
Shoddy Manufacturers. 

Ray's Woolen Co., Franklin, . . . 164 
Shoe ^Lachinery, etc. 

Davey, John F., Marlboro, .... 242 

Wood & Willard, Marlboro, . . . 245 
Shoe Racks, Boot Trees, etc. 

Sumner, C. A., Milford, 141 

Shuttles and Shuttle Irons. 

Dudley, D. T. & Son, Wilkiflsonville, 156 
Silver -Platers. 

Stuart, John T. & Co., Marlboro, . . 247 
Silverware Manufacturers. 

Reed & Barton, Taunton, . . . . iSi 

Reed, Barton & Co., Taunton, . . . 191 

West Silver Co., Taunton, .... 183 
Skate Manufacturers. 

Winslow Skate Mfg. Co., Worcester, . 53 
Soap ^lanufacturers. 

Dickinson, W. A., Lowell, . . 269-270 

Whithed, Darius, Lowell, .... 272 
Society Goods Manufacturers. 

Blackinton,\'.H. & Co., Attleboro Falls, 221 

Mason, F. &Co., Attleboro Falls, . . 222 
Spindles, .Shuttle Irons, etc. 

Westcott, A. A. & Sons, Hopedale, . 147 
Stamps, Stencils, etc. 

Cooper, .S. G., Lowell, 263 

Paisons & Mealey, Lowell, .... 271 
Starch — Wholesale. 

Borden & Remington, Fall River, . .178 
Steam Boiler Manufacturers. 

Lowell Steam Boiler Works, . . .261 

Ready, James, Lowell, ... . . . 262 

Steam Engine Builders. 

Brown, C. H. & Co., Fitchburg, . .128 

Fitchburg .Steam Engine Co. , Fitchburg, 1 24 

Lowell Tool and Engine Co., . . . 279 
Steam, Gas and Water Fitters, etc. 

Davey, Peter B., Marlboro, .... 241 

Sweet & Tucker, Taunton, . . . .189 
Stocking Manufacturers. 

Shaw Stocking Co., Lowell, . . 2;;-2;6 



PAGE. 



193 
199 



257 
280 



Stone Ware Manufacturers. 

Wright, F. T. & Son, Taunton, . 
Stove Lining Manufacturers. 

Dighton Stove Lining Co., Dighton, 
Stove, Range, etc., mfrs. 

Co-operative Stove Co., North Dighton, 200 

New England Stove Co., Taunton, . 182 

Taunton Iron Works, Taunton, - . . 195 

Thomas, Oscar (j., Taunton, . . . 195 
Suspender Manufacturers. 

Harriraan Bros., Lowell, ..... 282 
yACK MANUFACTRERS. 
' Soniers, E. J., Worcester, ... 66 

Somers, P. E., Worcester, . . . .104 
Tailors — Merchant. 

Ware Bros., Lowell, 269 

Textile Machinerj'. 

Parker (J. B.) Machine Co., Clinton, 137 
Tinware Manufacturers. 

Wilde, S. A. Mfg. Co., Taunton, . . 188 
Tool Manufacturers. 

Piper & Bosworth, Winchendon, . . 149 
Tool and Engine Manufacturers. 

Lowell Tool and Engine Co., Lowell, 279 
Trunk Manufacturers. 

Lowell Trunk Manufactory, Lowell, 
Trust Company. 

Old Colony Trust Company, Boston, 
Turbine Wheel Manufacturers. 

Swain Turbine and Manufacturing Co., 

Lowell, 260-261 

Twist Drill Manufacturers. 

New Process Twist Drill Co., Taunton, 190 
\A/ALL PAPER -AND SHADES. 
'» Hancock & Co., N. Attleboro, 
\\ atch Case Manufacturers. 

Bates & Bacon, Attleboro, 
White Lustral Wire Ware Manufacturers 

Woods, Sherwood & Co., Lowell, . 
Wire Cloth Manufacturers. 

Clinton Wire Cloth Co., Clinton, . 

Wright & Colton Wire Cloth Co., Wor 
Wire Goods Manufacturers. 

Dean, Henry E. & Co., Worcester, . 

Wire Goods Co. (The), Worcester, 
Wire Manufacturers. 

Spencer \Mre Co., Spencer, .... 

Washburn cV Moen Mfg. Co., Wor. 
Woodworking Machinery. 

Goodspeed, G. N., Winchendon, . 

Strange 's Machine Works, Taunton, 

Streeter, Alvin, Winchendon, 
Woolen Machinery. 

Harwood & Quincy Machine Co., Wor 
Woolen Waste. 

Chase, John & Sons, Webster, . 
Woolen Yarn Manufacturers. 

Bradford Yarn Mill, East Brookfield, . 

Capron, Chas. C, Medway, . . . , 

Crook Brothers, South Wrentham, . 

Monoosnock Mill, Leominster, . 
Worsted Machinery Supplies. 

Gee, Chas. E., Lowell, 283 

Worsted Manufacturers. 

Beoli Mills, Fitchburg, 136 

Leominster Worsted Co., Leominster, 153 

Lowell Worsted Mills, Lowell, . . .281 
Wrench Manufacturers. 

Coes Wrench Co.. Worcester. . . Sn 



215 
210 
256 

139 
83 

79 
"5 

168 

27 

151 
187 
150 

109 

157 

200 
167 
167 

153 



292 



INLAND MASSACHUSEITS ILLUSTRATED. 




CO[75CRVAT0f\YOF/AuSlG 
" pdr]klii/S(|U5.re Bostoi/ 

ONE OF NEW ENGLAND'S MOST WIDELY KNOWN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 

The Oldest of its Kind in America— Tlie Largest in the World. 

Founded by Dr. Eben Tourjee. Carl Faelten, Director. 

The Institution is conducted by a board of fifty trustees, and solely for the public good. It 
is commended no less highly by the extent and importance of its past achievements than by the 
following factors of its present estate, to wit : — 

An Enviable Location in Boston, America's Great Art Center — A Thorough 
Organization and Most Complete General Equipment — A Large and Eminent Corps 
of Teachers — Splendid Facilities for Imparting Instruction — Systematic and Com- 
prehensive Courses of Study— Many and Valuable Free Collateral Advantages— A Safe 
and Inviting Home for Lady Pupils — The Assurance of an Ever Increasing Success. 

Over 40,000 of its pupils have already gone out to multiply its influences for good, and 

the demand for its graduates is far in excess of the supply. 

SYSTEMATIC 1 1\/ STRUCT/ON is given in all departments of Music, 
Elocution, the Fine Arts, General Literature and Languages, and Piano and Organ 
Tuning, by the ablest American and European artists and teachers, and in Class or Private 
Lessons as desired. 

The "HOME" supplies every needed comfort and safeguard, being under the immediate 
supervision of the Director, Preceptress, Resident Physician and Lady Assistants. The entire 
building is heated by steam and lighted by electricity. 

Terms reasonable. Tuition, $5 to $30 per term of ten weeks. Living expense, including 
board and room, $5 to $8.50 per week. 

Full information may be secured by calling at the Institution, or through its ILLUSTRAT- 
ED CALENDER, Sent Free on application to 

FRANK W. HALE, General Manager, 

Franklin Square, Boston, Mass. 



CEIbf-tRAL EDITION. 




E!6rr\er 

(f)yb.eo. 

Woree6ier, /^ 



IU,U6rRAT&D 




y/'Y//a^y/'e^4^^ad^C^ 




>GMFJ £iiaj AL Work 

^RIVALS STEEL PLATE IN EFFEeT. 



iLLuiTRATIONS, S^^* 

Catalogues, ^ 

Photo Fag- 

6l MILES.. I Jj' 

1 . &C. &C. -^ I ,3/ 



AT A MUSH LESS OOST. 




^ 



O y2 



\ \ 










WOIlCESTEPv MALLEABLE LRON WORKS, 

GEO. B. BUCKINGHAM, Proprietor, 




MANUFACTURER OF 



Refined Malleable Iron and Steel Castings 

Of the riNE5T QaALlTT, T2 ORbER. 
WORCESTER, MASS. 



-EST A B U I S H E D I860. 



ARCADE MALLEABLE IRON CO., 

WARREN MeFARLAND & CO. 




MALLEABLE IRON AND STEEL CASTINGS, 

CHILLED ROLLS, RETORTS, &c. 

63, 65 k 67 Washington Square, opposite Union Passenger Station, 



GEO. B. BUCK INCH AM, Proprietor. 



>*^ 



[?. 



^~1 ' 






.^f^' 




18 J Devonshire ^h 

Work&dL eHEL^EA-^ 

P I ^oO Broadwajj. 

PHILADELPHIA, 529 Arrh6N 



M 



"Alberfype 



U 



BALTIMORE. 16 Posh OffieeAve. 
eHieAGO, 21 Wabash Ave. 

6AN FRANPIieo, 109 ealifornia bt. 

PROVIDENeE.R.I. SSWeSimln^ier i>t 



k 



4 



